Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Albanian |
AlbanianAdjective1. Of or relating to Albania or its people or language or culture. Noun1. A native or inhabitant of Albania. 2. The Indo-European language spoken by the people of Albania. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Albanian" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1904. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Geography | Inhabitant of Albania. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Albanian or Shqip (ISO 639 codes alb/sqi, sq) is an Indo-European language spoken by some five million inhabitants of the western Balkan peninsula in the south-eastern Europe (Albanians). There are two principal dialects of limited mutual intelligibility: Tosk, spoken in southern and central Albania and among the Albanian minority of north-western Greece; and Gheg (or Geg), spoken in northern Albania and by the Albanians of Serbia and Montenegro (including the province of Kosovo) as well as those of the Republic of Macedonia. Albanian is thought by some to derive principally from the Illyrian languages spoken in the region two millennia ago, and forms part of no known wider sub-group within the Indo-European family. The oldest known Albanian printed book, Meshari [1] or missal, was written by Gjon Buzuku, a Catholic cleric, in 1555. The first Albanian school is believed to have been opened by Franciscans in 1638 in Pdhanë.The Albanian alphabet was based on the Latin alphabet, with the addition of the letters ë, ç, and nine digraphs to account for certain sounds in pronunciations.
| letter | SAMPA - example | letter | SAMPA - example |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | a - opera | n | n - gun |
| b | b - burn | nj | J - Spanish niña |
| c | ts - curtsy | o | O - opera |
| ç | tS - church | p | p - opera |
| d | d - dance | q | k_j - Spanish pronunciation of kaffir |
| dh | D - this | r | r - opera |
| e | E - opera | rr | rr - burrito |
| ë | @ - earl or allowed (ë is a schwa) | s | s - save |
| f | f - fight | sh | S - shun |
| g | g - gun | t | t - tell |
| gj | g_j - Spanish-speaker pronunciation of John | th | T - thought |
| h | h - hope | u | u - doom |
| i | i - is | v | v - victory |
| j | j - year | x | dz - adz |
| k | k - king | xh | dZ - jungle |
| l | 5 - long | y | y - French du jour |
| ll | l - tell | z | z - zone |
| m | m - mother | zh | Z - vision |
Note: all sounds in words used for comparison are those of the English language unless otherwise noted.
Some eminent scholars in the field of Albanian language have been Johann Georg von Hahn, Franz Bopp, Gustav Meyer, Norbert Jokl, Eqrem Çabej, Stuart Edward Mann, Carlo Tagliavini, Wacław Cimochowski, Eric Pratt Hamp and Agnija Desnickaja.
See also
External links
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Albanian."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| AL | Finnish | Albanian tasavalta | Geography |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Crosswords: Albanian |
| English words defined with "Albanian": Gheg, Gheg dialect ♦ Mehemet Ali, Mohammed Ali, Muhammad Ali ♦ Tosk, Tosk dialect. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "Albanian": Albanian Hat, Arnauts. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Albanian Journey (1990) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Albanian woman in elaborate dress, half-length, standing, facing left. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Greek soldiers guarding an Albanian mountain pass on Mount Eyuzati, four kilometers from Tepelini. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Newest portrait of Albanian monarch. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Civil Liberties | Slovenia | Bosnian refugees and the Albanian community have newsletters in their own languages. (references) |
Albania | Albanian Radio and Television (RTVSh) is the sole public broadcaster in the country. (references) | |
Macedonia | Government-subsidized newspapers in Albanian and Turkish were published and distributed nationally. (references) | |
Economic History | Serbia and Montenegro | Languages: Serbo-Croatian 95%, Albanian 5%. (references) |
Albania | Intellectual property rights are established in Albanian laws. (references) | |
Albania | There are no jury trials under the Albanian system of justice. (references) | |
Human Rights | Albania | The education of these young Albanian prisoners remained a problem. (references) |
Yugoslavia | On May 25, police vandalized ethnic Albanian homes in the village of Kurbalija. (references) | |
Albania | A large number of Albanian prisoners also are held in prisons in Greece and Italy due to overcrowding. (references) | |
Minorities | Yugoslavia | This multiethnic police force has wide approval in the Albanian community. (references) |
Macedonia | Primary education is available in Macedonian, Albanian, Turkish, and Serbian. (references) | |
Greece | Debate also has arisen over Albanian immigrants' rights to Greek national identity. (references) | |
Political Economy | Albania | The Chamber is actively lobbying the Albanian government on behalf of local business interests. (references) |
Yugoslavia | The Government continued to hold numerous Kosovar Albanian political prisoners incarcerated under Milosevic; however, it released over 1,700 of these prisoners since 2000. The judiciary remained subject to political influence, although to a lesser extent than it had been under the former Milosevic Government. (references) | |
Political Rights | Macedonia | International observers agreed that irregularities occurred in some areas of the country in the second round, and the Supreme Court ruled that round two should be rerun in 230 polling precincts, all of which were predominantly ethnic Albanian. (references) |
Trade | Albania | These funds are the American - Albanian Enterprise Fund and the Albania Reconstruction Equity Fund. (references) |
Albania | Banks do not yet play a central role in the Albanian economy, as most businesses do not rely on banks for financing. (references) | |
Albania | The Savings Bank has the equivalent of approximately USD 1 billion in deposits, nearly 80 percent of all Albanian bank deposits. (references) | |
Travel | Albania | The national language of Albania is Albanian. (references) |
Albania | Many Albanians, however, speak English, Italian, and/or Greek and are able to do business in those languages in addition to Albanian. (references) | |
Albania | Most Albanian businesses are open Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. Government offices generally operate Monday through Friday from 8 p.m. to 4 p.m. and occasionally open on Saturday mornings. (references) | |
Women | Macedonia | Women's advocacy groups include the Humanitarian Association for the Emancipation, Solidarity, and Equality of Women; the Union of Associations of Macedonian Women; and the League of Albanian Women. (references) |
Albania | Various groups such as the Women's Center, the Family Planning Association, Useful to Albanian Women, the Independent Women's Forum, Women in Development, the Millennium Coalition, the Women's Advocacy Center, the Association of Women's Lawyers, Refleksione, and the three main human rights groups work to promote women's rights. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Albania | Albanian victims of trafficking often face significant stigmatization from their families and society. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Albanian" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 97.96% of the time. "Albanian" is used about 294 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 97.96% | 288 | 17,155 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.7% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Noun (singular) | 0.34% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 294 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "Albanian": albanian capital ♦ albanian fried food of cheese or curds ♦ albanian leather shoes like moccasins ♦ albanian monetary unit ♦ albanian nymph ♦ speak albanian. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Albanian": albanian-chinese, albanian-greek, albanian-italian, albanian-populated, albanian-run, albanian-speaking, Albanian-yugoslav. | |
Ending with "Albanian": anti-albanian, ethnic-albanian. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
albanian music | 191 | albanian airline | 13 |
albanian | 178 | albanian woman | 13 |
albanian chat | 49 | albanian embassy | 12 |
albanian news | 44 | albanian porn | 12 |
albanian flag | 42 | albanian mp3 | 11 |
albanian language | 31 | albanian translator | 10 |
albanian rap | 27 | albanian single | 9 |
albanian newspaper | 25 | albanian sex | 9 |
albanian english dictionary | 24 | albanian soccer | 9 |
albanian girl | 23 | albanian eagle | 9 |
albanian dictionary | 21 | albanian map | 9 |
albanian name | 19 | albanian mafia | 9 |
albanian page | 19 | albanian joke | 9 |
albanian sks | 18 | albanian picture | 8 |
albanian culture | 18 | albanian to english | 8 |
albanian prehistoric | 14 | albanian pussy | 7 |
albanian translation | 14 | albanian radio | 7 |
albanian site web | 13 | albanian site | 7 |
albanian recipe | 13 | albanian wedding | 7 |
albanian history | 13 | albanian song | 7 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Albanian"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | Albaniese taal (Albanian language), Albanies (Albanian language), Albanees, Albaans. (various references) | |
Albanian | shqip (Albanian language), shqiptare (Albanian woman), shqiptar. (various references) | |
Arabic | الألبانية, الألباني. (various references) | |
Asturian | Albanés. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | албански език, албански, албанец. (various references) | |
Cebuano | Albanyano. (various references) | |
Chinese | 阿爾巴尼亞人 , 阿"巴尼亚语. (various references) | |
Czech | albánský. (various references) | |
Danish | albaner. (various references) | |
Dutch | Albanees (Albanian language), Albanese (Albanian woman), Albaans. (various references) | |
Esperanto | albano, albana lingvo (Albanian language), albana. (various references) | |
Faeroese | albanskt. (various references) | |
Finnish | albanialainen. (various references) | |
French | albanais. (various references) | |
Frisian | Albaneesk. (various references) | |
German | Albaner, albanisch (Albanian language), Albanerin. (various references) | |
Greek | αλβανόσ, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός. (various references) | |
Hawaiian | arbnisht (Albanian language), arbërisht (Albanian language), shqiptare (Albanian woman), shqiptar, shqip (Albanian language). (various references) | |
Hungarian | albán, albániai. (various references) | |
Icelandic | albanskur, albanska (Albanian language). (various references) | |
Irish | AlbÚinis. (various references) | |
Italian | albanese. (various references) | |
Korean | 알"니아 (Albania). (various references) | |
Manx | Albaneagh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | albanianay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | albanês. (various references) | |
Provencal | albanés. (various references) | |
Romanian | arnãut (hireling), arnãuţesc (hireling's), albanez, limba albanezã. (various references) | |
Russian | албанский, албанец албанский, албанец. (various references) | |
Samoan | Alapania (Albania). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | albanski, albanac. (various references) | |
Spanish | albanés. (various references) | |
Swedish | alban. (various references) | |
Turkish | arnavut. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | албанський, албанка, албанець. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Misspellings | |
"Albanian" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Abenina, Alanya, Albacini, Albanta, Albazin, Albenga, Albizia, Alyansang, Arbonia, aslanian, Dalkania, Elhanan, haldanian, sabinian. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "Albanian" (pronounced 'Al*ba"ni*an'): Abderian, Absinthian, Academian, Academician, Acadian, Acanthopterygian, Acaridan, Achean, Achillean, Acoustician, Acritan, Acroceraunian, Acropolitan, Adamantean, Adessenarian, Adonean, Adrian, AEgean, AEolian, AEonian, AEsculapian, AEsthetican, Ahriman, Airman, Airwoman, Alabastrian, Alan, Alban, Albigensian, Aldebaran, Alderman, Alexandrian, Algerian, Algonkian, Algonquian, Alkoran, Alloxan, Almsman, Alogian, Alongshoreman, Alphabetarian, Altitudinarian, Amatorian, Amazonian, Amebean, Ametabolian, Amoebean, Amoebian, Amphigean, Anan. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-a-b-i-l-n-n" | |
-2 letters: alanin, banana, banian. | |
-3 letters: annal, banal, binal, blain, labia, lanai, liana. | |
-4 letters: alan, alba, anal, anil, anna, baal, bail, bani, blin, lain, linn, naan, nail, nana. | |
-5 letters: aal, aba, ail, ain, ala, alb, ana, ani, baa, bal, ban, bin, inn, lab, lib, lin, nab, nan, nib, nil. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-a-b-i-l-n-n" | |
+4 letters: bacchanalian, labanotation, maintainable, unattainable. | |
+5 letters: bacchanalians, balkanization, labanotations. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Abbreviations | 13. Acronyms 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
