Sustain

  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Sustain

Definition: Sustain

Sustain

Verb

1. Lengthen or extend in duration or space; "We sustained the diplomatic negociations as long as possible"; "prolong the treatment of the patient"; "keep up the good work".

2. Undergo (as of injuries and illnesses); "She suffered a fracture in the accident"; "He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars"; "She got a bruise on her leg"; "He got his arm broken in the scuffle".

3. Provide with nourishment; "We sustained ourselves on bread and water"; "This kind of food is not nourishing for young children".

4. Supply with necessities and support: "She alone sustained her family"; "The money will sustain our good cause"; "There's little to earn and many to keep".

5. Be the physical support of; carry the weight of; "The beam holds up the roof"; "He supported me with one hand while I balanced on the beam"; "What's holding that mirror?".

6. Admit as valid; "The court sustained the motion".

7. Establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts; "his story confirmed my doubts"; "The evidence supports the defendant".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "sustain" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references)

 

Synonyms: Sustain

Synonyms: affirm (v), confirm (v), corroborate (v), get (v), have (v), hold (v), hold up (v), keep (v), keep up (v), maintain (v), nourish (v), nurture (v), prolong (v), substantiate (v), suffer (v), support (v). (additional references)
Antonym: negate (v). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Sustain

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Agency

Verb: be -in action; Adjective: operate, work; act, act upon; perform, play, support, sustain, strain, maintain, take effect, quicken, strike.

Aid

Support, sustain, uphold, prop, hold up, bolster.

Continuance in action

Sustain, uphold, hold up, keep on foot; follow up, perpetuate; maintain; preserve; a; harp upon; (repeat).

Feeling

Bear, suffer, support, sustain, endure, thole, aby; abide; (be composed); experience; (meet with); taste, prove; labor under, smart under; bear the brunt of, brave, stand.

Preservation

Verb: preserve, maintain, keep, sustain, support, hold; keep up, keep alive; refrigerate, keep on ice;not willingly let die; bank up; nurse; save, rescue; be safe, make safe; take care of; (care); guard; (defend).

Strength

Render strong; Adjective: give strength; Noun: strengthen, invigorate, brace, nerve, fortify, sustain, harden, case harden, steel, gird; screw up, wind up, set up; gird up one's loins, brace up one's loins; recruit, set on one's legs; vivify; refresh; refect; reinforce, reenforce; (restore).

Support

Support, bear, carry, hold, sustain, shoulder; hold up, back up, bolster up, shore up; uphold, upbear; prop; under prop, under pin, under set; riprap; bandage.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Sustain

English words defined with "sustain": barrencarry, concuss, coronary failure, criticaldead, decease, die, divisionexit, expireGeostatic arch, go, Good considerationheart failure, HeartstringinfertileJoint splicekeepmaintainOutstandpass, pass away, perishSpring pin, supercritical, Sustaining, sustentacular, Sustentate, SustentativeTo act a part, To back up, To bear a loss, To carry out, To carry through, To help up, To preserve game, To stand trial, To throw one's self on, Transcendental functionUnderfong, Upbear, UpstayWeak. (references)
Specialty definitions using "sustain": Affrighted, Aïrapadam, Animal unit monthback stay, Balloon, biochemical reactions, Birnbaum-Saunders distributionCampaign, Carrying Capacity, compression strength, compressive strength, crushing strengthface wall, fish-worm grower, FOLLYgender systemindirect loss, injection wheelLamp, Latin, Life Support Care, Life-buoy, LobsterMoving JPEGNRCSPartner, Pest resistance management plans, pile group, Pregnancy MaintenanceREGULATOR INSPECTOR, required supply rateSafe shutdown earthquake, sex system, Spent fuel, spent fuel, Spent nuclear fuel, SUPERINTENDENT, GREENSteledildonics, Trenchesultimate strength, unprotected road uservulnerable road userWager, War, Wild, work steady, WORM GROWERyield strength under compression. (references)
Etymologies containing "sustain": Upstay. (references)

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Modern Usage: Sustain

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Your majesty, you sustain the objection (Duck Soup; writing credit: Bert Kalmar ; Harry Ruby)

The sustain, listen to it. (This Is Spinal Tap; writing credit: Christopher Guest; Michael McKean)

Confronted with this incredible resourcefulness - this desperate desire to survive - we must wonder, why? What is the value, even for oneself, to sustain an existence that must ultimately end in death (The Hellstrom Chronicle; writing credit: David Seltzer)

Then you know that shortly we can expect Zagon to commence and sustain an all-out attack (This Island Earth; writing credit: Raymond F. Jones; Franklin Coen)

Lyrics

Beg and cry sustain your life (Manic Demise; performing artist: The Creation)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Sustain

DomainTitle

Books

  • The Value-Creating Consultant: How to Build and Sustain Lasting Client Relationships (reference)

  • Vision: How Leaders Develop It, Share It, and Sustain It (reference)

  • Horse Sense for Stable Minds: Humorous Grains of Thought to Sustain You Through Life (reference)

  • How Christian Faith Can Sustain the Life of the Mind (reference)

  • How to Start and Sustain a Faith-Based Small Group (How to Start) (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Music

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Sustain

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Fish sustain a local fishing economy and contribute to the diversity of life on the reef. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR).

Operation Sustain Hope - C-17 Globemaster III departs Tirana, Albania.

Harvesting sugarcane in south Florida, where scientists in the ARS Sugarcane Production Research Unit are identifying research to help sustain both agriculture and natural Everglades ecosystems. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer..

Is transferred to the Norwegian Navy following conversion from USS Sustain (MMC-2, formerly MSF-119), at the Charleston Naval Shipyard, South Carolina. The transfer took place on 1 October 1959. The stern of Tyr's sister ship, Gor (converted from USS Strive, MMC-1, formerly MSF-117) is visible at the extreme right. Credit: NAVY.

The Freedman's Bureau! An agency to keep the Negro in idleness at the expense of the white man. Twice vetoed by the President, and made a lawy by Congress. Support Congress & you support the Negro Sustain the President & you protect the white man. Credit: Library of Congress.

  

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: Sustain
 

"Rope and Hook" by Luis Alves
Commentary: "Rope tight to a hook that helps to sustain the windmill roof. --------------------------- Notice: You can use this image, but please send me an e-mail if you use it, I really like to know when and where it's used, thanks :-)."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Sounds Captioned with "Sustain".

PlayCaptionPlayCaption
A bell struck with a metallic beater and allowed to sustain.A single distorted electric guitar note allowed to sustain.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Sustain

AuthorQuotation

Confucius

Water can both sustain and engulf a ship.

Epictetus

All philosophy lies in two words, sustain and abstain.

Henry David Thoreau

It requires nothing less than a chivalric feeling to sustain a conversation with a lady.
The broadest and most prevalent error requires the most disinterested virtue to sustain it.

Hosea Ballou

A religion which requires persecution to sustain it is of the devil's propagation.

Schiller

Ever building to the clouds, and never reflecting that the poor narrow basis cannot sustain the giddy, tottering column.

St. Bernard

Nothing can work me damage, except myself. -- The harm that I sustain I carry about me, and never am a real sufferer but by my own fault.

T. Binney

Nothing can occur beyond the strength of faith to sustain, or transcending the resources of religion to relieve.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Historic Usage: Sustain

AuthorDateQuotation

Marbury v. Madison

1803

Although, therefore, a mandamus may be directed to courts, yet to issue such a writ to an officer for the delivery of a paper, is in effect the same as to sustain an original action for that paper, and, therefore, seems not to belong to appellate, but to original jurisdiction. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Sustain

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

I abhor the Psallants, I hate the Prayers, I execrate heretics, but I should detest still more whoever might sustain the contrary of what I have said

Walden

Thoreau, Henry David

They have no cause of their own to plead, but while they enlighten and sustain the reader his common sense will not refuse them

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Sustain

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Some people recover completely, while others may sustain varying degrees of brain damage. (references)

Adult men also sustain fractures of the hip and vertebrae, although at a lower frequency than women. (references)

To achieve cocaine abstinence long enough for patients to learn new life skills that will help sustain abstinence. (references)

Business

Product innovation is vital for manufacturers to sustain competitiveness. (references)

Auto experts also say that the Chinese market is too diversified to sustain a single family car. (references)

Another 20 aircraft to sustain the production line have extended the F-16 co-production program. (references)

Children

Mongolia

While government facilities receive government funding, finances are inadequate and the Government uses foreign aid to help sustain the orphanages. (references)

Economic History

Seychelles

They have no fresh water and can sustain human life only with difficulty. (references)

Yemen

Only new discoveries, however, can sustain Yemen's output in the medium term. (references)

Political Economy

Palau

Traditional customs sustain a value system that discriminates between persons on the basis of social status and sex. (references)

GREECE

Since Greece joined the Eurozone on January 1, 2001, it will have to undergo serious structural reform to sustain EMU convergence criteria. (references)

THE BAHAMAS

The Minimum Wage Bill, has been criticized as going against recent IMF advice for the GCOB to increase labor productivity and control wages in order to sustain future economic growth. (references)

Political Rights

Guyana

On March 19, citizens voted in a generally free and fair election to sustain the PPP/C in office, defeating the PNC. Incumbent Bharrat Jagdeo received his own mandate for a 5-year term as President. (references)

Trade

Senegal

A common complaint from local companies and business contacts is the lack of financing to sustain the growth of the economy. (references)

Costa Rica

Further consolidation is expected, as the size of the Costa Rican market is inadequate to sustain the number of banks that remain. (references)

Worker Rights

Dominican Republic

It only provides approximately one-third of the income necessary to sustain an average family. (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

FOLLY, n. That "gift and faculty divine" whose creative and controlling energy inspires Man's mind, guides his actions and adorns his life. Folly! although Erasmus praised thee once In a thick volume, and all authors known, If not thy glory yet thy power have shown, Deign to take homage from thy son who hunts Through all thy maze his brothers, fool and dunce, To mend their lives and to sustain his own, However feebly be his arrows thrown, Howe'er each hide the flying weapons blunts. All-Father Folly! be it mine to raise, With lusty lung, here on his western strand With all thine offspring thronged from every land, Thyself inspiring me, the song of praise. And if too weak, I'll hire, to help me bawl, Dick Watson Gilder, gravest of us all. Aramis Loto Frope

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Speeches: Sustain

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

Woodrow Wilson

1913-1921God helping me, I will not fail them, if they will but counsel and sustain me!

Harry S. Truman

1945-1953In fact, if any large number of workers earn less than this amount, we will find it impossible to maintain the levels of purchasing power needed to sustain the stable prosperity which we desire.

Lyndon B. Johnson

1963-1969Those strengths are available to sustain a President of either party-to support his progressive efforts both at home and overseas.

Jimmy Carter

1977-1981To ensure that we do so I am setting a growth rate for defense that we can sustain over the long haul.

Ronald Reagan

1981-1989On Wednesday, my request to sustain the freedom fighters will be submitted which reflects our mutual desire for peace, freedom, and democracy in Nicaragua.

George Bush

1989-1993Iraq's capacity to sustain war is being destroyed.

Bill Clinton

1993-2001Middle class values sustain us.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Sustain

"Sustain" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 89.09% of the time. "Sustain" is used about 1,209 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (infinitive)89.09%1,0776,987
Lexical Verb (base form)8.84%10731,463
Noun (singular)2.07%2569,787
                    Total100.00%1,209N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Derived & Related Names: Sustain

The following table summarizes names derived from the word "sustain".
 
NameGenderLanguageMeaning
OdedN/ABiblical

To sustain

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

 

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Expressions: Sustain

Expressions using "sustain": sustain a demand sustain a loss sustain an objection sustain growth. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "sustain": sustain-but.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Sustain

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

sustain

47

shimano sustain

10

sustain pool chemical

9

pool sustain

5

casio pedal sustain

4

ultra clear sustain

3

chemical sustain

3

sustain pedal

3

frills no strategy sustain

3

sustain erection

3

pool product sustain

3

educational initiate partnerships sustain

3

pool supply sustain

3

guitar sustain

2

ultraclear sustain

2

brain sustain

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Sustain

Language Translations for "sustain"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Afrikaans

  

ondersteun (abet, support). (various references)

   

Albanian

  

mbaj (attach, Bate, bear, breed, carry, deduct, enshrine, force upon, get off, give, have, have smth. on, hold, keep, keep on, maintain, man, perform, pitch, preserve, refrain, respect, retain, save, support, wear, withhold), mbështet (abet, adhere, back, back up, build, buttress, countenance, found, hold up, lean, pillow, prop up, push, shore, support, uphold), mbështes (lean, pillow, prop up, push, shore, support, uphold). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏مثل ببراعة (underact), ‏مدد (dilate, expand, extend, spin, stick out), ‏قوى (anneal, be fortified, be more powerful, become mighty, become stronger, beefy, boost, brace, cogent, confirm, consolidate, enforce, fasten, fibrous, fortify, freshen, great, grow stronger, harden, hefty, heighten, help, heroic, in power, innervate, intensify, invigorate, nerve, prop, reinforce, sinew, stiffen, strengthen, support, tighten), ‏قاسى (bear, endure, experience, suffer, undergo), ‏قدم برهان, ‏واصل (carry on, continue, follow in his footsteps, gear, go on, hold on, keep, persist, press, proceed, pursue, push, push along, push on, roll on, stay, stick to smth.), ‏غذى (feed, nourish, nurse, nurture, stoke, supply, underfeed), ‏تكبد (culminate, culmination, suffer, sufferance), ‏تحمل (afford, bear, bear up, bearing, decamp, defray, endure, firmness, have smb. over, hold out, incur, last, lump it, mizzle, pocket, put up with, see, stand, stick, stick it out, stomach, suffer, support, tighten, tolerate, undergo), ‏ساند (favor, favour, patronize, sponsor), ‏عزز (abound, bear out, boost, build, carry, cement, confirm, consolidate, corroborate, enhance, extend, foster, help, promote, ram, reinforce, underpin), ‏أيد (advocate, affirm, champion, countenance, favor, favour, further, go in for, look with favor on, look with favour on, plunk, reason, second, side, side with, stand for, stand up for, stick up, stick up for, subscribe, subserve, support, underpin, uphold, validate), ‏أطاق (bear, brook, endure, put up, stand, stomach, tolerate), ‏بقي (abide, be, bide, continue, endure, exist, remain, reside, rest, sit, stay, stick around, stop, subsist, tarry). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

устоявам (keep), решавам в полза на, оставам в сила (stand), подкрепям (aid, back, back up, bear out, bolster, buttress, carry through, corroborate, countenance, enlist, give a hand, patronize, piece in, promote, prop up, refresh, second, stand by, stand to, stick by, stick up for, support, take up, undergird, underlie, underpin, uphold, verify, weigh in with), подпирам (atlas, back, prop up, shore, support, truss, underlay, underpin, uphold), поддържам (adhere, atlas, back, bear, buoy, carry, contend, expound, favour, feed, fuel, help on, hold, hold up, keep, keep up, maintain, nourish, play along, ply, promote, prop up, pull for, retain, run, service, side with, stand for, stand in with, support, take, upbear, uphold, vindicate, vouch), изхранвам (feed, keep, nourish, subsist), изтърпявам (wear out), издържам (endure, fend for, hold, hold on, hold out, keep, last, maintain, pass, receive, stand, subsist, support, take, wear out, withstand). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

遭受 (suffer), 蒙受 (suffer), 承受 (sustained, Sustaining, Withstand, Withstanding, Withstood), (assist by the arm, mix, support). (various references)

   

Czech

  

vydržovat (keep), vydržet (bear, endure, hold on, hold out, last, spin out, stand, stay, stick it out, stomach, take, tolerate, undergo, withstand), udržovat (conserve, keep, maintain), tvrdit (allege, allow, argue, assert, aver, claim, predicate, represent, submit, urge), pomáhat (aid, assist, support), podporovat (back, back up, encourage, Foster, further, hold up, patronize, promote, side, sponsor, support, uphold), podpírat (bear, carry, hold up, recline, support), nést (bear, carry, defray, earn, hold, support, yield). (various references)

   

Danish

  

støtte (lean, support). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

stutten (lean, support), steunen (abet, groan, lean, support), schragen (abet, lean, support). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

subteni (abet, support), apogi (lean, support). (various references)

   

Faeroese

  

styðja (lean, support). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

متحمل شدن (Defray, Incur), نگهداشتن (Hold, Imprison, Prop, Restrain), حمایت کردن از (Assist, Espouse, Maintain, Uphold, Vindicate), تقویت کردن (Augment, Beef, Bolster, Corroborate, Edify, Encourage, Fort, Rally, Reinforce, Relay, Undergird, Uphold), تحمل کردن (Bear, Bide, Comport, Endure, Experience, Stomach, Suffer, Support, Tolerate, Undergo, Withstand). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

säilyttää (conserve, keep, maintain, preserve, retain, store), ylläpitää (keep up, maintain, support), tukea (give support, prop, strengthen, subsidize, support), pitää pystyssä (keep up, maintain), nojata (lean, recline, support). (various references)

   

French

  

maintenir (support), appuyer (support). (various references)

   

Frisian

  

steune (lean, support). (various references)

   

German

  

unterstützen (abet, aid, back, encourage, further, lean, maintain, patronize, promote, prop up, provide, second, speak for, sponsor, subsidize, support, to abet, to back, to facilitate, to relieve, to second, to stand by, to support, uphold), stützen (back, back up, base on, bolster, brace, carry, enforce, hold up, lean, pillow, precipitate, prop up, reinforce, shore, shore up, support, to base on, to support, to sustain, underpin, uphold), aushalten (abide, bear, born, borne, carry out, endure, hold on, hold out, perseverance, persevere, persist, put up with, sit trough, stand, suffer, survive, take, to endure, to hold out, to sustain, withstand). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

συντηρώ (conserve, fend for oneself, keep, maintain, preserve, support), υποστηρίζω (assert, back, back up, befriend, bolster, contend, countenance, maintain, patronize, predicate, prop, second, shore, sponsor, stand by, stand up for, submit, support, underpin, uphold). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

לתמוך (advocate, back, brace, buttress, champion, maintain, stand by, stay, support, take sides), לקים (affirm, attest, conform, fulfill, keep, maintain), לכלכל (contain, feed, maintain, manage, nourish, provide for), להתנסות ב-, להזין (feed, nourish), להחזיק מעמד (bear up, endure, hold ones ground, hold one's own, hold out, keep up, last out, stand, stand for, stick it out, weather), להאריך (draw out, elongate, extend, lengthen, prolong, protract, spin out), לנחול תבוסה (come off second best, suffer a reverse). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

segít (abet, accomodate, aid, assist, help, lean, minister, relieve, succor, succour, support, to aid, to assist, to avail, to back up, to bear a hand, to help, to lend a hand, to minister, to stead, to succour, to support), tart (bore, borne, continue, endure, head for, hold, keep, keep on, last, make for, tend, to bear, to check, to cultivate, to hold out, to keep back, to keep off, to make for, to regard, to support, to sustain, trend, uphold), támogatás (advocacy, aid, assistance, backing, countenance, encouragement, espousal, favor, help, lean, promotion, protection, sponsorship, subservience, subserviency, subsidization, support), támogat (abet, advocate, aid, assist, back, back up, bear up, befriend, bolster, champion, espouse, Favor, favour, Foster, further, help, hold up, lean, maintain, promote, provide support, reinforce, side, stand for, stick by, subsidize, support, to advocate, to aid, to assist, to back up, to bolster up, to come out for sy, to espouse, to faster, to favor, to flank, to foster, to further, to give countenance to sy, to hold up, to patronize, to second, to side with sy, to subserve, to subsidize, to succour, to support, to thicken, upbear, uphold), kibír (bear, bore, borne, stick it out, to bear, to do with, to stomach, to sustain), elvisel (abide, bear, bore, borne, endure, stood, suffer, to abide, to bear, to comport, to endure, to stand, to stomach, to support, to take it, to tolerate, tolerate, undergo). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

menumpu (become concentrated), menopang (buffer, buttress, underlay, underset, upbear, uphold). (various references)

   

Italian

  

sostenere (abet, assert, back, bear, bolster, brace, buoy, claim, hold up, incur, insist, keep up, lean, maintain, meet, play, plump, stake, stand, stand up to, state, stay, support, take, uphold, withstand), poggiare (abet, base oneself, lean, perch, rest, support), appoggiare (abet, countenance, forward, lay, lean, patronise, patronize, prop, rely, rest, stand, support). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

蹴込む (to kick in, to sustain a loss), 蒙る (to receive, to suffer, to sustain), 傷を負う (to be injured, to sustain a wound), 保つ (to be durable, to endure, to hold, to keep, to keep well, to last, to maintain, to preserve, to retain, to support, to sustain, to wear well). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

たもつ (to be durable, to endure, to hold, to keep, to keep well, to last, to maintain, to preserve, to retain, to support, to sustain, to wear well), きずをおう (to be injured, to sustain a wound), こうむる (to receive, to suffer, to sustain), けこむ (to kick in, to sustain a loss). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

지탱하십시요. (various references)

   

Manx

  

ymmyrkey (appearance, attitude, bear, behave, behaviour, birth, carry, carrying, comportment, conduction, convey, conveyance, endure, gestation, give birth, haulage, supply; conductance, support, tide, transport, yield), cummal seose (maintain, maintenance, preserve, support). (various references)

   

Papiamen

  

stet (lean, support), sostené (lean, support), respaldá (lean, support), apoyá (encourage, lean, support). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

ustainsay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

amparar (abet, defend, patronize, protect, shield, support). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

suporta (abide, bear, bear with, digest, endure, forbear, stand, stick, stomach, suffer, support, tolerate), ajuta (abet, accomodate, advantage, aid, answer, assist, avail, back up, befriend, benefit, carry, carry through, comfort, encourage, fillip, help, minister to, promote, prop, push, relieve, second, serve, succor, succour, support), îndura (abide, bear, carry out, endure, experience, forbear, indurate, put up with, stick, suffer, support, undergo). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

выдерживать (bear, endure, get through, last, live, pass, stand up under, support), нести;понести;поддерживать, поддерживать (atlas, back, back up, bear out, bear up, befriend, bolster, buoy, buttress, carry, countenance, encourage, encouraged by, exhort, give support to, hold up, keep up, maintain, scaffolds, stand by, support, supported, underpin, upbear, uphold). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

beathaich (maintain). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

pretrpeti (suffer, take, undergo), podržati (advocate, back, back up, second, support, uphold), održati (keep, keep up, maintain, preserve, stand). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

sostener (abet, absorb, bear, bear up, carry, carry through, hold, hold up, keep up, live, maintain, meet, support, uphold, wear). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

uppehålla (be detained, delay, detain, discharge, keep, keep up, maintain, reside, sojourn, stall, stay, support). (various references)

   

Thai

  

สนับสนุน (back, behind, bolster, buoy up, favor, favour, for, further, lend to, second, side), รักษาไว้ (keep about, keep around, keep at), ประสบ (live). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

sürdürmek (carry on, continue, elongate, follow, go ahead with smth., keep, keep going, keep on, keep the ball rolling, keep up, lead, maintain, perpetuate, persist, prolong, prosecute, pursue, remain, support, uphold, wage), kabul etmek (accede, accept, acknowledge, acquiesce, admit, adopt, affiliate, agree, allow, approve, assent, avow oneself, be sold on, certify, consent, enfranchise, enrol, fall in with, Favor, favour, go along with, grant, have, honor, honour, own, receive, recognize, regard as, say yes, settle for, take, take in, thole, turn thumbs up on, witness), cesaret vermek (boost up smb.'s courage, buck smb. up, embolden, encourage, exhort, nerve, strengthen smb.'s hand, support), desteklemek (advocate, assist, back up, bear out, bear smb. out, bolster, bolster up, brace, buoy, buttress, champion, countenance, encourage, endorse, Favor, favour, fortify, give a leg up, give countenance to, go along with, help forward, hold up, identify, indorse, keep smb. in countenance, lend countenance to, logroll, nourish, patronize, promote, prop, root for, second, shore, sponsor, spoonfeed, stake, stanchion, stand, stand by, start, stick up for, strengthen, subordinate, support, underpin, uphold), devam ettirmek (carry on, extend, keep, keep smth. going, keep the ball rolling, keep up, uphold, wage), doğrulamak (affirm, attest, avouch, bear out, certify, confirm, correct, corroborate, hold with, homologate, justify, predicate, substantiate, support, testify, verify, vouch), finanse etmek (finance, financier, sponsor), güç vermek (Energize, support, vitalize), geçindirmek (feed, find, keep up, maintain, set up, subsist, support), çekmek (abide, absorb, arrest, attract, be a sufferer by, be a sufferer from, be cursed with smth., bear, bear with, captivate, carry, catch, charm, claw, conjugate, decline, drag, draw, draw off, draw on, draw out, dwindle, engage, engross, extract, fetch, glamor, glamour, go through, go to scale at, grind, grip, haul, heave, hitch, hoist, hold, inflect, inhale, invite, last out, lug, lump, magnetize, pass through, pique, pluck, prepossess, pull, pull away, pull over, pull up, receive, record, run up, scale in, scale out, schlep, schlepp, shoot, shrink, sip, siphon, siphon off, soak, soak in, sop up, stand the racket, stretch, suck, suffer, syphon, syphon off, take, take after, take one's medicine, throw back, toss, tow, tow away, tug, turn the scale at, undergo, up with, whisk, withdraw), iyi oynamak, uğramak (call at, call on, call upon, come by, come over, come round, drop around, drop in, drop in on, experience, fall into, incur, look up, meet, put in an appearance, receive, run against, run in, stop by, stop in, touch at, undergo, visit), katlanmak (abide, accept, bear, Brook, crease, digest, do with, double, endure, face, face up to, go through, grin and bear it, last out, lump, lump it, put up with, sit down under, stand, stand the racket, stick, stick it, stick out, stomach, suffer, sweat out, take, take it, take one's medicine, tolerate, undergo), maruz kalmak (be exposed, be liable to, be subject of, catch, experience, fall into, incur), notayı uzatmak, onaylamak (accept, acknowledge, affirm, approve, attest, authorise, authorize, be recognizant of, bear out, certify, confirm, corroborate, countersign, endorse, give countenance to, grant, hear, hold with, homologate, indorse, legitimate, legitimatize, legitimize, lend countenance to, o.k., ok, okay, ratify, recognize, sanction, smile on, stamp, subscribe, to confirm, uphold, validate, verify, visa, vise, vouch, witness), para sağlamak (accommodate smb. with money, finance, pump money into, support), taşımak (bear, bear away, carry, carry away, convey, haul, put across, relocate, remove, ride, run, stanchion, tote, transport, waft, walk, wash, wear), hakkını vererek yapmak. (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

зазнавати (experience, suffer, undergo), підтримувати (aliment, back, back up, bear up, block, bolster, carry, cheer, corroborate, encourage, favour, fortify, get behind, hold up, keep alive, maintain, play up, prop, pull, push, second, sponsor, stand for, support, underpin, underset, upbear, uphold), підпирати (back, brace, buttress, chock, prop, shore, skid, stake, stanchion, strut, underlay, underpin, underset). (various references)

   

Welsh

  

cynnal (hold, maintain, support, uphold). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Sustain

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

adiutus, adiuva, adiuvabant, adiuvabat, adiuvabit, adiuvabunt, adiuvandum, adiuvante, adiuvantem, adiuvantes, adiuvantibus, adiuvare, adiuvarent, adiuvaret, adiuvasti, adiuvat, adiuvate, adiuvatur, adiuvavi, adiuvent, adiuverunt, adiuves, adiuvet, adiuvetis, adiuvi, adiuvisset, adiuvit, adiuvitque, alo, alo (alui altum), sustenta, sustentas, sustento, sustine, sustineam, sustineant, sustineas, sustinebant, sustinebat, sustinebimus, sustinebis, sustinebit, sustinebitis, sustinebo, sustinebunt, sustinemus, sustinens, sustinent, sustinentes, sustinentiae, sustinentiam, sustinentibus, sustineo, sustinere, sustineretis, sustines, sustinet, sustinete, sustinetis, sustinuerant, sustinuere, sustinuerint, sustinuerit, sustinuero, sustinuerunt, sustinui, sustinuimus, sustinuissem, sustinuisset, sustinuisti, sustinuistis, sustinuit, tolero. (various references)

Old French900-1400

sustenir. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Bible Trace: Sustain

LanguageDateSourceProverbs Chapter 18, Verse 14
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintQumon androV praunei qerapwn fronimoV oligoyucon de andra tiV upoisei
Latin405VulgateSpiritus viri sustentat inbecillitatem suam spiritum vero ad irascendum facilem quis poterit sustinere
Middle English1395WyclifThe spirit of the man susteneth his feblenesse; the spirit forsothe liyt to wrathen, who shal moun sustene?
Jacobean English1611King JamesThe spirit of a man will sustain his infirmity; but a wounded spirit who can bear?
Victorian English1833WebsterThe spirit of a man will sustain his infirmity; but a wounded spirit who can bear?
Basic English1964OgdenThe spirit of a man will be his support when he is ill; but how may a broken spirit be lifted up?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: Sustain

LanguageProverbs Chapter 18, Verse 14
Cebuano¶ Ang espiritu sa usa ka tawo maoy modasig sa iyang kaluya; Apan sa usa ka masulub-on nga espiritu kinsa ang makaantus?
Chinese人 有 疾 病 、 心 能 忍 耐 . 心 靈 憂 傷 、 誰 能 承 當 呢 。
CroatianKad je èovjek bolestan, njegov ga duh podiže, a ubijen duh tko æe podiæi?
DanishMands Mod udholder Sygdom, men hvo kan bære en sønderbrudt Ånd?
DutchDe geest eens mans zal zijn krankheid ondersteunen; maar een verslagen geest, wie zal dien opheffen?
FinnishMiehekäs mieli pitää sairaankin pystyssä, mutta kuka voi kantaa murtunutta mieltä?
FrenchL`esprit de l`homme le soutient dans la maladie; Mais l`esprit abattu, qui le relèvera?
GermanWer ein fröhlich Herz hat, der weiß sich in seinem Leiden zu halten; wenn aber der Mut liegt, wer kann's tragen?
Haitian Creole¶ Lè yon moun anvi viv, sa ede l' anpil lè li malad. Men, si li dekouraje, ki moun ki ka remoute kouraj li?
HungarianA férfiú lelke elviseli a maga erõtlenségét; de a megtört lelket ki viseli el?
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariOleh kemauan untuk hidup, orang dapat menanggung penderitaan; hilang kemauan itu, hilang juga segala harapan.
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaBahwa keberanian membantu orang dalam menanggung sengsara, tetapi hati yang murung siapa gerangan dapat menghiburkan dia?
ItalianLo spirito dell'uomo lo sostiene nella malattia, ma uno spirito afflitto chi lo solleverà?
Maori¶ E whakamanawanui te wairua o te tangata ki tona mate; tena ko te wairua maru, ko wai e kaha ki tera?
NorwegianEn manns mot kan holde ham oppe i hans sykdom; men et nedslått mot - hvem kan bære det?
PortugueseO espírito do homem o sustentará na sua enfermidade; mas ao espírito abatido quem o levantará?   
RumanianDuhul omului kl sprijinewte la boalq; dar duhul doborkt de kntristare, cine -l va ridica? -
RussianдХИ ЮЕМПЧЕЛБ РЕТЕОПУЙФ ЕЗП ОЕНПЭЙ; Б РПТБЦЕООЩК ДХИ--ЛФП НПЦЕФ РПДЛТЕРЙФШ ЕЗП?
SpanishEl ánimo del hombre soportará su enfermedad; pero, ¿quién soportará al espíritu abatido?

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Sustain

Derivations

Words beginning with "sustain": sustainabilities, sustainability, sustainable, sustained, sustainedly, sustainer, sustainers, sustaining, sustains. (additional references)

Words containing "sustain": unsustainable. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Sustain" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Bustanil, sextain, siswati, substain, Suetin, sustaim, sustaine, susteain, systran, tustain. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Sustain"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "sustain" (pronounced sustā"n)
4-s t ā" nabstain, stain.
3-t ā" nascertain, attain, butane, contain, detain, entertain, maintain, obtain, pertain, retain.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Sustain

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Direct Anagrams: issuant.

Words within the letters "a-i-n-s-s-t-u"

-1 letter: saints, satins, stains, suints.

-2 letters: antis, aunts, nisus, sains, saint, sasin, satin, satis, sinus, situs, snits, stain, stuns, suint, suits, tains, tunas, unais, units.

-3 letters: ains, aits, anis, anti, ants, anus, aunt, nits, nuts, sain, sans, sati, sins, sits, snit, stun, suit, suns, tain, tans, tass, taus, tins, tuis, tuna, tuns, unai, unit.

 Words containing the letters "a-i-n-s-s-t-u"
 

+1 letter: fustians, puissant, sinuates, stunsail, sustains, tsunamis.

 

+2 letters: antirusts, humanists, insulants, insulates, insurants, lutanists, naturisms, naturists, pantsuits, saturnism, simulants, stunsails, sudations, supinates, sustained, sustainer, uneasiest, urbanists.

 

+3 letters: amiantuses, antiserums, assaulting, assumption, austenites, causations, custodians, dianthuses, discussant, disputants, encaustics, enthusiasm, enthusiast, faultiness, gustations, impuissant, insinuates, insulators, isobutanes, jauntiness, nautiluses, outgassing, outpassing, pulsations, quaintness, rainspouts, saturniids, saturnisms, sensualist, sensuality, signatures, situations, stimulants, sublations, substation, succinates, suctorians, summations, supinators, suppliants, sustainers, sustaining, unassisted, unsafeties, unsteadies.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Photo Album
7. Images: Digital Art
8. Sounds
9. Quotations: Familiar
10. Quotations: Historic
11. Quotations: Fiction
12. Quotations: Non-fiction
13. Quotations: Speeches
14. Usage Frequency
15. Names: Derived from
16. Expressions
17. Expressions: Internet
18. Translations: Modern
19. Translations: Ancient
20. Bible Trace
21. Derivations
22. Rhymes
23. Anagrams
24. Bibliography


  

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