Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Summon |
SummonVerb1. Call in an official matter, such as to attend court. 2. Ask to come; "summon a lawyer". 3. Gather or bring together; "muster the courage to do something"; "she rallied her intellect"; "Summon all your courage". 4. Make ready for action or use; "marshal resources". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "summon" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Note: Summon \Sum"mon\, transitive verb. [imperative past participle Summoned; present participle verb or noun Summoning.]. (references) |
Synonyms: SummonSynonyms: cite (v), come up (v), marshal (v), mobilise (v), mobilize (v), muster (v), muster up (v), rally (v), summons (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Command | Cite, summon; call for, send for; subpoena; beckon. |
Courage | Take courage, muster courage, summon up courage, pluck up courage; nerve oneself, take heart; take heart, pluck up heart of grace; hold up one's head, screw one's courage to the sticking place; come up to scratch; stick to one's guns, standfire, stand against; bear up, bear up against; hold out; (persevere) a. |
Excitation | Verb: excite, affect, touch, move, impress, strike, interest, animate, inspire, impassion, smite, infect; stir the blood, fire the blood, warm the blood; set astir; wake, awake, awaken; call forth; evoke, provoke; raise up, summon up, call up, wake up, blow up, get up, light up; raise; get up the steam, rouse, arouse, stir; fire, kindle, enkindle, apply the torch, set on fire, inflame. |
Lawsuit | Serve with a writ, cite, apprehend, arraign, sue, prosecute, bring an action against, indict, impeach, attach, distrain, commit; arrest; summon, summons; give in charge; (restrain). |
Memory | Remind; suggest; (inform ); prompt; put in mind, keep in mind, bring to mind; fan the embers; call up, summon up, rip up; renew; infandum renovare dolorem; jog the memory, flap the memory, refresh the memory, rub up the memory, awaken the memory; pull by the sleeve; bring back to the memory, put in remembrance, memorialize. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Summon |
| English words defined with "summon": Accite, Advoke, Aladdin ♦ beckon, beep ♦ call, call in, church bell ♦ demand ♦ Evocate ♦ Fire roll ♦ Mote bell ♦ Preconizate ♦ recall, Resummon ♦ Sist, Somne, Sompne, subpoena, Summoned, Summoner ♦ To call back, To call forth, To call in, To call off, To call out, To call up, to pluck up, Trysting day ♦ venire facias, vouch, vouch in. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "summon": Alarum Bell ♦ Call to Arms, Call-boy ♦ Pharisees ♦ Rabsheka ♦ Scandal-broth. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "summon": Summons. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Summon" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. French (summit, surface, top). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Eternal Dragon, by your name, I summon you forth, Shenron (Dragon Ball Z; writing credit: Chris Forbis; Eric Johnson) So, now it's time to summon her transparent butt back and ask exactly what that reason is. (Charmed; writing credit: Colman deKay) Um, a shout out to my brother Tucker, who gave me the inspiration to summon demons and also- (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) Who dares to summon the Master of Masters, the Deliverer of Darkness, the Shogun of Sorrow, Aku (Samurai Jack; writing credit: Paul Waite) Shall we summon the writer (The Exorcist; writing credit: William Peter Blatty) | |
Lyrics | I summon fish to the dish, (One Week; performing artist: Barenaked Ladies) To summon back the fire witch (THE COURT OF THE CRIMSON KING; performing artist: King Crimson) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | ![]() | "I summon you to comradeship in the Red Cross" - Woodrow Wilson / Harrison Fisher 1918 ; American Lithographic Co. N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | In case any such emergency should arise the Secretary General shall on the request of any Member of the League forthwith summon a meeting of the Council. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | Be, if thy spirit summon thee to such a mission, the teacher and apostle of the red men. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | He could not summon them to his memory |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | As the basis for its decision, the chamber will summon the necessary evidence and hold a hearing. (references) | |
Economic History | Sri Lanka | The president may summon, suspend, or end a legislative session and dissolve Parliament. (references) |
Uae | The FNC does not have the power to legislate, but it can summon ministers and it performs an oversight function. (references) | |
Human Rights | Tonga | A court may not summon anyone without providing the person a written indictment stating the offenses the person is accused of committing. (references) |
Political Rights | Bahrain | The Majlis also may summon cabinet ministers to respond to questions; however, its recommendations are not binding on the Government. (references) |
Travel | Indonesia | The number of patrons reporting thefts and assaults in taxis has increased in recent months, and has prompted many expatriates to use only the most reputable taxi companies, opting to summon taxis by telephone rather than flagging them down on the street. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Woodrow Wilson | 1913-1921 | I summon all honest men, all patriotic, all forward-looking men, to my side. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | We only have to summon it from within ourselves. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | An idea enobled by the faith that our nation can summon from it's myriad diversity the deepest measure of measure of unity. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Summon" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 86.55% of the time. "Summon" is used about 357 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 86.55% | 309 | 16,435 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 13.45% | 48 | 49,194 |
| Total | 100.00% | 357 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "summon": summon home ♦ summon parliament ♦ summon smb. to appear ♦ summon smb. to do smth. ♦ summon strength ♦ summon to a meeting ♦ summon to arms ♦ summon to do smth. ♦ summon up ♦ summon up one's courage ♦ summon up patience. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
summon | 36 |
night summon | 12 |
summon the demon | 10 |
succubus summon | 7 |
spirits summon | 6 |
skull summon | 6 |
summon the hero | 5 |
check summon | 3 |
ghost summon | 3 |
ritual succubus summon | 3 |
dragon summon | 3 |
fantasy final pic summon | 2 |
spirit summon | 2 |
dragon flute summon | 2 |
golden morrowind saint summon | 2 |
fantasy final summon | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "summon"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | thërres (ask, bawl, call, call out, call up, conjure, convene, convoke, cry, exclaim, give a cry, hail, holler, invite, shout, sing out, vociferate, wawl, whoop), thërras (ask, bawl, call, call out, call up, conjure, convene, convoke, cry, drum up, exclaim, hail, holler, invite, obtest, page, shout, sing out, vociferate, wawl, whoop), ftoj në mbledhje, ftoj në gjyq, bëj thirrje (appeal, cite, invoke). (various references) | |
Arabic | إستجمع شجاعته (courage, pluck up courage), إستدعى للعدالة, إستدعى (call, call up, demand, evoke, recall, send for), إجتمع (assemble, congregate, convene, gang up on, get together, herd with, meet, muster, reunite), دعا (allege, beckon, bid, call, claim, contend, enter a plea, feign, fetch, invite, name, plead, profess, purport, recall, set up, term, warn). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | свиквам (accustom, addict, adjust oneself, call, call together, call up, convene, convoke, get acclimatized, habituate, inure, muster), призовавам (appeal, call down, call on, call out, conjure, exhort, invoke), повиквам (beckon, call, call away, call in, call out, call up, convene, send for). (various references) | |
Chinese | 召" (Beckon, Beckoned, Beckoning, Conjure, Conjured, Conjuring, Evoke, Evoked, Evoking, Summoned, summoning, summons, Summonses). (various references) | |
Czech | zavolat (call, call out, call up, hail, ring, ring up, send for), vyzvat (call, challenge, defy, invite), přivolat (call, call in, call out, call up, hail, ring up), předvolat (cite, haul up, have in), obeslat k soudu. (various references) | |
Danish | råbe (call), kalde (call). (various references) | |
Dutch | roepen (call, cry out, scream, shout, to call), in het geding geroepen, aanschrijven, aanschrijven, aanschrýven (instruct, notify). (various references) | |
Esperanto | voki (call), ordoni skribe (instruct, notify). (various references) | |
Faeroese | rópa á (call), kalla á (call). (various references) | |
Farsi | فراخوانی , فراخواندن (Evoke, Muster, Recall), فراخواستن , احضارقانونی کردن , احضار (Call, Repeal, Vocation). (various references) | |
Finnish | kutsua (ask, call, invite). (various references) | |
French | convoquer, appeler. (various references) | |
German | vorladen (subpoena, summons, to subpoena, to summon). (various references) | |
Greek | καλώ (bid, call, call on, hail, invite, send for). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לזמן (convene, invite, prepare), לכ ס (aggregate, assemble, convoke, gather, muster, rally, round up), ל"וע" (assemble). (various references) | |
Hungarian | megidéz (cite, evoke, summons, to cite, to conjure up, to convene, to evoke, to summon, to summons), hív (call, invite, to call, to clepe, to get in, to invoke, yclept), behív (call in, draft, draught, induct, to call in, to draft, to summon). (various references) | |
Icelandic | kalla (call). (various references) | |
Indonesian | menghimbau (beckon, call, make a call, name), mengetengahkan (set forth, subpoena), memanggil (address, beckon, call, calling, page). (various references) | |
Italian | chiamare (call, hail, name, page, phone, ring up, send for, sing out, term, to call), convocare (call together, convene, convoke), citare (adduce, cite, mention, quote). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 召し出す (to call out, to summon), 呼び出す (to call, to summon), 呼びつける (to get used to call, to summon), 呼び付ける (to get used to call, to summon), 呼び寄せる (to call, to call together, to send for, to summon). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | めし す (to call out, to summon), よびつける (to get used to call, to summon), よびよせる (to call, to call together, to send for, to summon), よび す (to call, to summon). (various references) | |
Korean | 소환하십시". (various references) | |
Manx | symney (bann, citation, cite, convene, publish, summons). (various references) | |
Norwegian | kalle (call). (various references) | |
Papiamen | yama (be called, call). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ummonsay.(various references) | |
Polish | wołać (call). (various references) | |
Portuguese | chamar (appeal to, attract, call, conciliate, court, denominate, draw, drew, hail, invoke, to call). (various references) | |
Romanian | chema (ask, call, call down, call up, challenge, chuckle, conjure, convene, convoke, entreat, hail, muster, page, ring, shout, signify). (various references) | |
Russian | созывать (convene, convoke), вызывать;созывать (summoned, summoning), вызывать в суд (arraigned, cite, convene), вызывать (bring, bring about, bring forth, call, call in, challenge, cite, conjure, engender, entail, evoke, evoked, exert, give rise to, induce, involve, produce, provoke, ring for, whistle up). (various references) | |
Scottish | sumain (prosecute), gairm (a call, call, crow as a cock, proclaim, proclamation). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | sazivati (convoke), zvati (call, invite), prikupiti (brace, collect, gather in, marshal, rally, reach, whip up). (various references) | |
Spanish | llamar (appeal to, beckon, buzz, call, call back, call in, call off, call over, call up, call upon, draw, engage, get, get on to, give a ring, have in, hit, hollo, holloa, invoke, knock, knock up, name, recall, ring, ring the bell, ring up, strike, term, to call, touch off, whip in), notificar (advise, declare, instruct, notify, proclaim, taste, tip off). (various references) | |
Sranan | kari (appeal to, call, invoke). (various references) | |
Swedish | sammankalla (assemble, call together, convene, convoke), kalla (arum lily, call, cite, collate, entitle, name, term), instämma (admit, assent, chime in, cite, concur, go along), inkalla (bring in, call up, conscript, convene, induct, muster). (various references) | |
Thai | ใช้หมายศาลเรียก, เรียกประชุม, ขอร้อง (ask, beg, hustle, obsecrate, request). (various references) | |
Turkish | toplamak (accumulate, add, add together, add up, agglomerate, aggregate, amass, assemble, beat up, bring together, build, call in, cast up, clear away, club, collect, combine, compile, concentrate, congest, congregate, consolidate, convene, cull, fold down back, furl, gather, gather up, glean, hand-pick, harvest, heap up, herd, hive, hive up, hoard, huddle, impound, lay up, levy, mass, muster, pack, pick, pick up, pluck, raise, rake together, rally, reckon up, recover, recruit, reunite, round up, scoop up, smarten up, sum up, summon up, tot up, total, totalize, treasure, treasure up, turn out), gelmesini emretmek, celp etmek, çağrı yapmak, çağırtmak (send for), çağırmak (call, call away, call for, call in, cite, cry out, hail, invite, invoke, shout to, sing, whistle up). (various references) | |
Turkmen | kцsemek, зagyrmak (invite). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | скликати (assemble, call, convene, convoke), викликати (arouse, bring forth, bring on, call, call in, cause, challenge, champion, cite, create, defy, evoke, necessitate, procure, provoke, send for, send up, set smb. agog, stir up, strike, touch off, wake, warn, whistle up), вимагати виконання, збирати (agglomerate, amass, assemble, bag, canvass, carry, collect, compile, congregate, convene, convoke, cull, gather, gather in, levy, make up, muster, pick, pick in, win). (various references) | |
Welsh | gwysio, galw (call), dyfynnu (cite, quote). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | accendam, acces, accitis, accitisque, accitoque, accitum, adhibe, adhibebitur, adhibere, adhibui, adhibuissent, advocabit, advocans, advocantem, advocatum, advocatus, advocaverit, appello, arcessierunt, arcessito, arcesso, accerso, arcesso; accerso, calamus, calites, citare, concitant, concitantem, concitantur, concitasti, concitat, concitata, concitate, concitati, concitatus, concitaverit, concitaverunt, concitavit, concitetur, concito, conrogabitur, indicare, indicas, indicat, indicens, indices, indicet, indico, indictoaudientes, indixi, indixisset, indixit, indixitque, invitati, invitatis, invitatos, invitatus, invitaverat, invitavit, invito, summonere, voca, vocabant, vocabat, vocabatur, vocaberis, vocabimini, vocabis, vocabisque, vocabit, vocabitis, vocabitur, vocabo, vocabunt, vocabuntur, vocamini, vocandum, vocans, vocansque, vocant, vocante, vocantem, vocantes, vocantur, vocare, vocarent, vocares, vocaret, vocaretur, vocari, vocassent, vocasset, vocasti, vocastis, vocat, vocata, vocatae, vocate, vocati, vocatique, vocatis, vocatisque, vocato, vocatos, vocatum, vocatumque, vocatur, vocatus, vocatusque, vocaverat, vocaveris, vocaverit, vocaverunt, vocaveruntque, vocavi, vocavique, vocavit, vocavitque, vocem, vocemini, vocemque, vocemus, vocent, voceris, voces, vocet, vocetis, vocetur, voco. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | bonnan, clipian. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "summon": summonable, summoned, summoner, summoners, summoning, summons, summonsed, summonses, summonsing. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "summon": resummon. (additional references) | |
Words containing "summon": resummoned, resummoning, resummons. (additional references) | |
| |
"Summon" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: kumon, sammon, samon, saumon, semont, Semyon, simonm, Somboon, sommon, spumon, sumen, summant, summen, summo, summond, summone, summor, sumon, Tummon. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "summon" (pronounced su"mun) |
| 3 | -m u n | famine, ferryman, fireman, firemen, Firman, abdomen, acumen, adman, admen, airman, albumin, alderman, antihistamine, Ashman, assemblywoman, backgammon, backwoodsman, Badman, bagman, barman, baseman, bayman, bellman, Benjamin, bitumen, Boardman, boatman, bookman, Bowman, bowmen, brakeman, bushman, businesswoman, cameraman, Carman, Carmen, carmine, cattlemen, Cayman, chairman, chairwoman, Chapman, chessman, chrismon, churchman, churchmen, cinnamon, clergyman, coachman, cochairman, committeeman, common, congressman, congresswoman, corpsman, councilman, councilwoman, councilwomen, countryman, cowman, craftsman, craftsmen, crewman, daemon, dairymen, Daman, demon, desman, determine, Dolman, draftsman, draftsmen, dromon, dustman, Dutchman, Ermine, Everyman, examine, footman, foramen, foreman, foremen, forewoman, Freedman, Freeman, freshman, gammon, gentleman, gentlewoman, gentlewomen, german, Goodman, gunman, hangman, headman, headsman, henchman, henchmen, Herdman, Hetman, horseman, horsemen, houseman, human, huntsman, hymen, illumine, infantryman, inhuman, jasmine, Kirkman, Landman, landsman, lawman, layman, laymen, Leman, lemon, Letterman, Liman, Lineman, linemen, lobsterman, longshoremen, lumen, madmen, marksman, messman, midshipman, newswoman, newswomen, nobleman, noblewoman, nonhuman, nurserymen, oarsman, ombudsman, omen, ottoman, Outman, overman, Packman, Penman, pitchman, Pitman, Plowman, policeman, policewoman, postman, predetermine, pressman, Pullman, ragmen, reexamine, regimen, rifleman, Rodman, roman, rumen, salarymen, salesman, saleswoman, saleswomen, salmon, seaman, seamen, seedsman, semen, sermon, shaman, Shipman, showman, Spearman, specimen, spokesman, spokeswoman, sportsman, statesman, Stillman, Stockman, subhuman, superhuman, superwoman, talisman, Telamon, thiamin, timberman, Titman, Toman, townsman, tradesmen, trainmen, uncommon, vitamin, watchman, Waterman, watermen, wingman, wireman, woman, women, Woodman, woodsmen, Woolman, workman, yachtsman, yeoman. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "m-m-n-o-s-u" | |
-1 letter: momus, muons. | |
-2 letters: moms, mons, mums, muns, muon, noms, nous, onus, sumo. | |
-3 letters: mom, mon, mos, mum, mun, mus, nom, nos, nus, oms, ons, som, son, sou, sum, sun, umm, uns. | |
-4 letters: mm, mo, mu, no, nu, om, on, os, so, um, un, us. | |
| Words containing the letters "m-m-n-o-s-u" | |
+1 letter: summons. | |
+2 letters: communes, muoniums, omentums, resummon, summoned, summoner. | |
+3 letters: ammoniums, communise, communism, communist, dominiums, encomiums, lomentums, meconiums, momentous, momentums, monuments, muskmelon, ombudsman, ombudsmen, resummons, summation, summoners, summoning, summonsed, summonses. | |
+4 letters: comminutes, communards, communions, communised, communises, communisms, communists, communizes, consummate, emoluments, harmoniums, homonymous, immunogens, krummhorns, membranous, monogamous, muskmelons, neodymiums, resummoned, stramonium, summations, summerlong, summonable, summonsing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.