Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Smog |
SmogNoun1. Air pollution by a mixture of smoke and fog. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definition |
Energy | A mixture of smoke and fog generally used as anequivalent of air pollution, particularly associated with oxidants. (references) |
Environment | A mixture of air pollutants, principally ground-level ozone, produced by chemical reactions involving smog-forming chemicals. See also haze. (references) |
| A concentration of air pollutants occurring under particular meteorological conditions, generally of photo-chemical origin. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| A fog made heavier and darker by smoke and chemical fumes. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Science | This is a term used to describe a mixture of smoke and fog. Smog occurs when high concentrations of moisture is combined with smoke (often containing oxides of sulfur and nitrogen) in the presence of high temperatures or thermal inversions and the absence of wind. These conditions cause polluted air to stagnate over industrial areas and can create a respiratory health hazard. Large coastal industrial centers with surrounding high ground are more prone to smog. There is often a diurnal (over a day) variation in the process of smog formation because one of the necessary components for its formation is sunlight. (references) |
Weather | Air pollution associated with oxidants. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Smog is the combination of smoke and fog under special weather conditions might stay for extended times over densely populated cities, such as London, Los Angeles, Athens or the Ruhr area. The word smog is a portmanteau word constructed from the words smoke and fog.Smog is caused by the exhaust of fossil fuel engines, the emmitance of volatile organic compounds from paints and solvents, chemicals from pesticides and other chemical reactions and industrial processes. Smog can form in almost every climate, but is far worse in the warmer months.
Smogs were common in London, England in the beginning the 20th century and were nicknamed as "London Peculiars". From December 8, 1952 to March 1953 poisonous smog darkened the skies over London, and killed maybe 12,000 residents. Reluctant to admit coal smoke was to blame, British government blamed a flu epidemic.
Smog is still a problem in a number of cities and continues to end lives prematurely. Many local governments are still unwilling to accept the realities of smog.
See also:
- electrosmog.
For the rock band named Smog, see Smog (band).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Smog."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The indie rock band Smog, later known as (Smog), is the musical equivalent of Bill Callahan, born in New Zealand, but raised in the United States. Callahan pioneered the lo-fi genre of underground rock, with homemade tape-albums recorded on four track tape recorders. Later he signed a record contract with the label Drag City.Callahan started out as a highly experimental artist, utilizing sub-standard instruments and recording equipment. His reason for using the lo-fi approach was not so much an aesthetic choice, rather it came form his fear of recording studios, and giving up control to professional engineers.
His later work saw him overcoming his fear of studios and producers, and in this period he recorded several albums with the influential producer Jim O'Rourke and musicians from the circles around Drag City, as well as collaborating with the similar-minded Will Oldham.
His songs are based on simple, repetitive themes, characterized by his low-pitched vocal. His lyrics are often centered around themes of extreme alienation and emotional pessimism, with the use of subtlety and dark irony.
Though still more or less left out in obscurity, Callahan is widely seen as one of the important figures of american indie rock in the 90'ies.
A fine representation of his later work is found on the country- and folk-tinted album Red Apple Falls (Drag City, 1997).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Smog (band)."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SMOG | English | Smoke and Fog | Environment |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: SmogSynonym: smogginess (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Smog |
| English words defined with "smog": black pine ♦ Japanese black pine ♦ Pinus thunbergii. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "smog": photochemical smog, polyaromatic hydrocarbon ♦ Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon ♦ tropospheric ozone ♦ Volatile organic compounds. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Smog" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Albanian (smog), Czech (smog), French (smog), German (smog), Italian (smog), Portuguese (smog), Serbo-Croatian (smog), Swedish (smog). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | They say the smog is the reason we have such beautiful sunsets (Get Shorty; writing credit: Scott Frank. Based on the novel by Elmore Leonard.) Forget for this moment the smog and the cars and the restaurant and the skating and remember only this (L.A. Story; writing credit: Steve Martin.) | |
Lyrics | No barking from the dogs, no smog (It Was a Good Day; performing artist: Ice Cube) They got smog and sewage and mud. (Pollution; performing artist: Tom Lehrer) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Smog (1962) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Smog over Chongqing, Peoples Republic of China. Air pollution. Credit: CDC. |  | View of Manhattan and World Trade Center towers from Liberty Island. New York City. Smog, air pollution. Credit: CDC. |
 | [Donora, Pa. 1949 #10 U.S.P.H.S. artist ... and government vehicle during smog disaster]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Donora, Pa., shortly after the smog episode of 1948 / [U.S. Public Health Service photo]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Children play in smog across river in Webster, Pa. / [U.S. Public Health Service photo]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Smog over industrial plants ... / [U.S. Public Health Service photo]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | [George Clayton and Dr. Harold J. Paulus prepare equipment for smog test] / ACME photo. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Smog obscures view of Chrysler Building from Empire State Building, New York City] / World-Telegram p. Credit: Library of Congress; photo by Walter Albertin.. |
 | Southeast view from Empire State Building, showing smog on day when weather conditions prevented smoke from dispersing] / p. Credit: Library of Congress; photo by Edward Ratcliffe.. |  | Smog along the Strand, London, which almost completely obscures the midday sun. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Hazy Aftrenoon" by Brendan Coghlan Commentary: "Taken when there was a blanket of smog, and the sun was barely visible through it. ." | "Red 'n yellow lily" by Annette Gulick Commentary: "A close up of a red and yellow lily. If it looks like there's dirt spots on the petals, there is. The rain where we live is nasty and loaded with what used to be smog (we live in a very industrial city)." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | As a COPD patient, you need clean air. Therefore, you should also avoid being around smokers and fume-laden air. During fog or smog, try to stay indoors with windows closed. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Last year, we put in place the toughest-ever controls on smog and soot. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Smog" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 95.62% of the time. "Smog" is used about 137 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 95.62% | 131 | 27,855 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 2.92% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 1.46% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 137 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "smog": smog-causing, smog-filled, smog-mask, smog-producing. | |
Ending with "smog": pre-smog. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "smog"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | smog, mjegull (brume, curtain, damp, exhalation, fog, mist, toman, vapor, vapour). (various references) | |
Arabic | ضباب ودخان. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | смог, черна мъгла. (various references) | |
Chinese | 烟雾. (various references) | |
Czech | smog. (various references) | |
Danish | smog. (various references) | |
Dutch | smog. (various references) | |
Farsi | مه ودو, مه غلیظی که دراثردودایجادمیشود, هوای الوده به دودوبخار, دودمه . (various references) | |
Finnish | savusumu. (various references) | |
French | smog. (various references) | |
German | smog. (various references) | |
Greek | αιθαλομίχλη. (various references) | |
Hebrew | ערפיח. (various references) | |
Hungarian | szmog, füstköd. (various references) | |
Indonesian | kabut asap. (various references) | |
Italian | smog. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | スマート爆弾 (slice, slide, slider, slider-memory, sliding, smack, smart bomb, smash, smear, smellovision, smile, smiley, Smithsonian Institution, smoke, smoked cheese, smoked salmon, smoker, smooth, smoothing operation, variable autotransformer). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | スモッグ . (various references) | |
Korean | 스모그. (various references) | |
Manx | kay vooghee, kay phlooghee, jaagh-chay. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ogsmay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | smog, poluição (defilement, pollution), nevoeiro com fumaça, "smog". (various references) | |
Romanian | ceaţã şi fum. (various references) | |
Russian | смог. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | smog. (various references) | |
Spanish | smog, polución urbana, niebla tóxica, niebla con humo, contaminación (contamination), calina (haze, Hazel). (various references) | |
Swedish | smog, rökblandad dimma. (various references) | |
Thai | หมอกควัน. (various references) | |
Turkish | dumanlı sis. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | смог. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | khói lẫn sương. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "smog": smoggier, smoggiest, smoggy, smogless, smogs. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "smog": antismog. (additional references) | |
Words containing "smog": cosmogenic, cosmogonic, cosmogonical, cosmogonies, cosmogonist, cosmogonists, cosmogony, cosmographer, cosmographers, cosmographic, cosmographical, cosmographies, cosmography, plasmogamies, plasmogamy, plethysmogram, plethysmograms, plethysmograph, plethysmographic, plethysmographically, plethysmographies, plethysmographs, plethysmography, seismogram, seismograms, seismograph, seismographer, seismographers, seismographic, seismographies, seismographs, seismography, transmogrification, transmogrifications, transmogrified, transmogrifies, transmogrify, transmogrifying. (additional references) | |
| |
"Smog" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: amog, ismo, Mog, Mo'g, mogg, moog, Mso, osmo, samot, scog, seogi, shmug, shog, siog, smag, smeg, smeo, smmap, smo, smod, smogg, smoo, smood, Smoogro, smorg, smow, smoy, smpg, snoge, snogg, snoq, snov, sog, som, somga, spog, stmg, stog, stogg, swog, zmo. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: mogs. | |
| Words within the letters "g-m-o-s" | |
-1 letter: gos, mog, mos, oms, som. | |
-2 letters: go, mo, om, os, so. | |
| Words containing the letters "g-m-o-s" | |
+1 letter: gismo, gloms, ogams, smogs. | |
+2 letters: amigos, dogmas, egoism, gemots, genoms, gismos, gizmos, gloams, glomus, glooms, gnomes, golems, gombos, grooms, gumbos, imagos, magots, mangos, moguls, mongos, mongst, mungos, oghams, ogrism, omegas, orgasm, smoggy, ugsome. | |
+3 letters: agamous, amongst, bogyism, comings, dodgems, dogdoms, egoisms, egotism, fogyism, gambols, gammons, gemotes, gemsbok, genomes, glamors, gliomas, gnomish, gnomist, gnomons, goddams, gomutis, grumose, grumous, gummose, gummous, gumshoe, homages, imagoes, isogamy, isogram, logjams, maggots, mangoes, megohms, mignons, misgrow, moggies, mongers, mongoes, mongols, morgans, morgens, morgues, moshing, mossing, mousing, mowings, mugshot, ogreism, ogrisms, ohmages, orgasms, pogroms, semilog, sigmoid, smoking, sorghum, wagsome, zygomas. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Abbreviations 16. Acronyms | 17. Derivations 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
