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Definition: Justify |
JustifyVerb1. Show to be reasonable. 2. Show to be right. 3. Defend, explain, clear away, or make excuses for by reasoning; "rationalize the child's seemingly crazy behavior"; "he rationalized his lack of success". 4. Let off the hook; "I absolve you from this responsibility". 5. Adjust the spaces between words; in printing; "justify the margins". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "justify" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of knowledge and truth, encompassing the study of the origin, nature, and limits of human knowledge.
People approach epistemology in various ways; the following categories originally reflected divisions among schools of philosophy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, but may prove useful in categorizing certain approximate trends throughout the history of epistemology:
People in all schools of thought agree that people have the capacity to think of questions that no possible appeal to experience could answer. For instance: Is there an end to time? Is there a God? Is the God of the philosophers the same as the Biblical God? Is there a reality beyond that which we can sense? Such questions are termed transcendental, as they seem to go beyond the limits of rational inquiry. In the 20th century logical positivists have declared such questions to be totally devoid of cognitive significance. Others disagree, and hold that only some metaphysical claims are devoid of cognitive significance, and that others may not be.
- (1) Rationalists believe there are innate ideas that are not found in experience. These ideas exist independently of any experience people may have. These ideas may in some way derive from the structure of the human mind, or they may exist independently of the mind. If they exist independently, they may be understood by a human mind once it reaches a necessary degree of sophistication.
- (2) Empiricists (see: scientific method, philosophy of science naive empiricism) deny that there are concepts that exist prior to experience. For them, all knowledge is a product of human learning, based on human perception. Perception, however, may cause concern, since illusions, misunderstandings, and hallucinations prove that perception does not always depict the world as it really is.
- Some say the existence of mathematical theorems poses a problem for empiricists. Mathematical truths certainly do not depend on experience, and they can be known prior to experience. Some empiricists reply that all mathematical theorems are empty of cognitive content, as they only express the relationship of concepts to one another. Rationalists would hold that such relationships are indeed a form of cognitive content.
- (3) The German philosopher Immanuel Kant is widely understood as having worked out a synthesis between these views. In Kant's view people certainly do have knowledge that is prior to experience, which is not devoid of cognitive significance. For example, the principle of causality. He held that there are a priori synthetic concepts.
No consensus exists as to which epistemology will prove the most productive in allowing human beings to have the most accurate understanding of the world. All people use an epistemology, even if unconsciously. Thinking beings cannot understand and analyze ideas without first having a system to accept and analyze information in the first place, which we all do. All people - even children - possess rudimentary and undeveloped epistemologies. However, those who study some philosophy and logic can begin to recognize how their own epistemologies work, and such people can choose to change their epistemology.
An analysis of this topic would be dependent on the system one used to begin with. One might wonder: What do I have to do, to be sure that I do have the truth? How can I be sure that my beliefs are true? Is there some sort of guarantee available to me -- some sort of criterion I might use, in order to decide, as rationally and as carefully as I possibly could, that indeed what I believe is actually true?
Suppose someone thought that his or her belief had been arrived at rationally. Using logic, one might base his or her belief on observation and experiment, conscientiously answer objections, and so forth. Accordingly, one would conclude that his or belief is rational. If so, then one's belief has at least some claim to be true. Rationality provides an indicator of truth: if your belief is rational, then it is at least probably true. At the very least, the rationality of a belief gives reason to think the belief is true.
There are a number of features of beliefs, such as rationality, justification, and probability, that are indicators of truth. Accordingly, a feature of belief is an epistemic feature if it is at least some indication that the belief is true.
Many beliefs have lots of positive epistemic features; many beliefs are quite rational, quite justified, very probably true, highly warranted, and so on. However, most people, at least in some moments, do not want to rest content with just being rational because even a rational belief can be false. To wit, one can be very conscious, careful, and logical in forming a belief, and so be rational in holding the belief; but it still might be false. Arguably, one's ultimate ambition for his or her beliefs is knowledge. If one does know something, then not only is one justified, or rational, in a belief, one has the truth. Accordingly, when one is thinking about the epistemic features of one's beliefs, the overarching question is: When does someone have knowledge? When can someone say that he or she has knowledge? Skeptics claim, to varying degrees, that we either do not or cannot have knowledge.
Epistemology includes the study of:
Epistemologists spend a great deal of time concerning themselves with various epistemic features of belief, such as justification and rationality. And they write long articles and books trying to say just when beliefs are justified, or rational. A related concern is where such epistemic features ultimately come from. If one says, for example, that his or her belief that Paris is the capital of France is justified, one can ask: Where did the justification for that belief come from? This information could have come from a reliable source of testimony. Another source of justification would be sense-perception. So epistemology asks: What are the ultimate sources of justification, rationality, or other epistemic features of belief? And that allows one to answer a further question: What are the ultimate sources of knowledge? Which brings one to the question of what knowledge is. The question here is not what one can know, or even what one does know. The question is: What would knowledge be, if one had it? A belief has to pass some sort of muster to count as knowledge. So what features would a belief have to have, in order to be an actual piece of knowledge -- not just something that pretends to be knowledge, but which is actually knowledge?
- the epistemic features of belief, such as justification and rationality;
- the origin or sources of such features (and thus the sources of knowledge);
- what knowledge is, i.e., what epistemic features would make a true belief knowledge;
- whether it is possible to have knowledge.
One of the more difficult topics of philosophy is trying to answer, or otherwise deal with, the challenge that one cannot have knowledge. A number of philosophers -- not too many, but some -- have said that we cannot have knowledge. Many philosophers have said that it is very difficult to obtain knowledge, but they usually do not deny that we have it or that we can have it. Not so many philosophers, however, have gone so far as to say that we have no knowledge at all, or (to say something even stronger) that it is impossible to have knowledge.
Another contemporary approach to epistemology divides the approaches into two categories: foundationalism and coherentism.
Foundationalism holds that there are basic beliefs in which you can be certain and that you can be similarly confident in other beliefs derived rigorously from these. The most famous example of this is Descartes' statement cogito ergo sum ("I think therefore I am"), by which he meant that it is impossible to doubt one's own existence. Others have responded that a person's observation of his or her own mental activity is not fundamentally different or more reliable than other observations and does not necessarily imply a thinker. The difficulty of foundationalism is that no set of basic beliefs proposed for it are uncontroversial.
Coherentism holds that you are more justified in beliefs if they form a coherent whole with your other beliefs. A common, cheeky, riposte to this is called the "drunken sailors" argument, which points out that two drunken sailors holding each other up may still not be on solid ground. Stated more formally: a set of beliefs can be internally consistent but still not reflect the actual world.
Recently, Susan Haack has attempted to fuse these two approaches into her doctrine of Foundherentalism, which accrues degrees of relative confidence to beliefs by mediating between the two approaches. She covers this in her book Evidence and Inquiry: Towards Reconstruction in Epistemology.
See also: Self-evidence, theory of justification, the regress argument in epistemology, a priori and a posterior knowledge, knowledge, scepticism, Common sense and the Diallelus, social epistemology, aesthetics, ethics, metaphysics, philosophy, ontology, reason, philosophy of science, science education.
External links
- Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? from Analysis, Vol. 23, pp. 121-23 (1963) by Edmund L. Gettier, transcribed by Andrew Chruckry (Sept. 13, 1997).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Epistemology."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Justification (a term of jurisprudence) is a form of defense in which a defendant argues that although they broke the law, they should not be held liable for, or found guilty of, a crime, as some special or extenuating circumstance(s) existed such that the illegal action was, for some reason or other, reasonable and acceptable. Possible justifications include: consent, defense of others, defense of property, necessity, resisting unlawful arrest, and self-defense.
Justification is also a publishing term used to describe the horizontal positioning of text or images, typically relative to a column.
In the theology of Christianity, justification is a word used to describe the process through which sinners are made righteous through the grace of God.
Considerable sectarian controversy exists as to its nature and definition. These controversies include:
- Whether justification is an immediate change in the status of the sinner, or whether it is an ongoing process;
- The relationship between justification and religious law; whether justification is "forensic", a legal declaration that a sinner will be considered righteous by God, or whether it must be perfected by obedience;
- The relationship of justification to sanctification, the process whereby sinners become more righteous and are enabled by the Holy Spirit to live lives more pleasing to God; and
- The relationship of justification to atonement, the expiation of sins.
In epistemology, an (epistemic) justification of a belief is what renders the belief worth believing in terms of its probable truth. See Theory of justification.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Justification."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In telecommunication, the term justify has the following meanings:1. To shift the contents of a register or a field so that the significant character at the specified end of the data is at a particular position.
2. To align text horizontally or vertically so that the first and last characters of every line, or the first and last line of the text, are aligned with their corresponding margins.
Note 1: In English, text may be justified left, right, or both. Left justification is the most common.
Note 2: The last line of a paragraph is usually only left justified.
3. To align data on a designated character position.
Source: from Federal Standard 1037C
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Justify."
Synonyms: JustifySynonyms: absolve (v), apologise (v), apologize (v), excuse (v), free (v), rationalise (v), rationalize (v), vindicate (v), warrant (v). (additional references) |
| Antonym: blame (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Deity | Predestinate, elect, call, ordain, bless, justify, sanctify, glorify; |
Vindication | Verb: justify, warrant; be an excuse; n.for; lend a color, furnish a handle; vindicate; exculpate, disculpate; acquit; clear, set right, exonerate, whitewash; clear the skirts of. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Justify |
| English words defined with "justify": apologist, aware ♦ case in point, casus belli ♦ defensive ♦ end, excusatory ♦ goal, grievance, grudge ♦ justificative, justificatory, justifier, Justifying ♦ mindful ♦ precedent ♦ revisionist ♦ Scaleboard, score ♦ To stand up for ♦ vindicator ♦ worthwhile. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "justify": As ♦ BUDGET OFFICER ♦ cannot observe, Cards, Contractions, COURT ADMINISTRATOR ♦ DIRECTOR, DENTAL SERVICES ♦ Hippolyta ♦ Like ♦ MANAGER, ANIMAL SHELTER, MANAGER, EDUCATION AND TRAINING ♦ Offense, Optimist ♦ physically separated facilities, public mineral land ♦ scary devil monastery, Shelter, Singular Nouns, Somebody else's, source document, supporting documents ♦ TECHNICAL TRAINING COORDINATOR, training administrator ♦ Unnecessary Procedures ♦ vehicular gap. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "justify": Justification. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | If you wanna be profound, if you really gotta justify, take a breath and look around, a lot of folks deserve to die (Little Shop of Horrors; writing credit: Charles B. Griffith; Howard Ashman) You think I need to justify myself to you (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) | |
Lyrics | You pay the profits to justify the reasons (Notorious; performing artist: Duran Duran) So you could try to justify the way you treated me, MA (Cleanin' Out My Closet; performing artist: Eminem) But you wanna justify rippin' someone's head off (Break Stuff; performing artist: Limp Bizkit) To justify all the hurt inside (To the Moon and Back; performing artist: Savage Garden) | |
Clever | Often, the less there is to justify a traditional custom, the harder it is to get rid of it. (references; author: Mark Twain) | |
Song Titles | Justify My Love (performing artist: Madonna) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | After all, George, doesn't the end justify the Meaneys?. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Alexander Herzen | You can no more bridle passions with logic than you can justify them in the law courts. Passions are facts and not dogmas. |
Voltaire | Men thought only to justify their wrongdoings, and speech only to conceal their thoughts. |
| They use thought only to justify their injustices, and speech only to disguise their thoughts. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Whatsoever cannot but be acknowledged to be of advantage to the society, and people in general, upon just and lasting measures, will always, when done, justify itself; and whenever the people shall chuse their representatives upon just and undeniably equal measures, suitable to the original frame of the government, it cannot be doubted to be the will and act of the society, whoever permitted or caused them so to do. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The rate of interest shall be 5 per cent. unless the Commission shall determine at some future time that circumstances justify a variation of the rate. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Additional data may justify a change in age and audiologic criteria. (references) | |
Yet, without a reasonable expectation that patients will benefit, it is difficult to justify the risks. (references) | ||
The data were not sufficient to justify precise quantitative recommendations for surgery for any of the above listed tests. (references) | ||
Business | Thus, solo practitioners may not be able to justify the purchase of these technologies. (references) | |
Analysts look at this as a normal trend since the South African market in too small to justify wide range of pharmaceuticals domestically. (references) | ||
Procuring entities are required to use open tendering procedures unless specific conditions are met to justify the use of selective or limited tendering. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Uzbekistan | The police routinely planted narcotics, ammunition, and Hizb ut-Tahrir leaflets on citizens to justify their arrest. (references) |
Equatorial Guinea | Although Mba Bela did not justify his order, the press had criticized him for imposing a new regulation on city taxis prior to the order. (references) | |
Mexico | In July the Chihuahua State appeals court ruled that the prosecution did not have sufficient evidence to justify Herrera's detention and ordered him released. (references) | |
Economic History | Venezuela | Most of these projects, however, are currently on hold until the economic situation can justify the investment. (references) |
Russia | They can submit documents to the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade to explain or justify the delay or non-receipt. (references) | |
Ghana | An enterprise may apply for extra visas/work permits, but it is incumbent on the investor to justify why a foreigner must be employed rather than a Ghanaian. (references) | |
Human Rights | Croatia | Only a court may issue a search warrant, which must justify the search. (references) |
Malaysia | Police justify this practice as necessary to prevent interference in ongoing investigations. (references) | |
Central African Republic | Officials justify the unit's actions as a consequence of nonexistent prison facilities in Bangui. (references) | |
Minorities | Bulgaria | Employers justify such discrimination on the basis that most Roma only have elementary training and little education. (references) |
Congo | In previous years, these groups reportedly posed as Interahamwe fighters to justify Rwanda's military occupation of areas of the Kivu Provinces. (references) | |
Political Economy | Guinea-Bissau | There was dissent within the PRS. President Yala tried to justify his actions as constitutional and intended to preserve political stability. (references) |
Trade | Bolivia | In order to obtain the one-year special permit, the importer must have a contract to justify the temporary admission. (references) |
Egypt | Authorities do not have to explain or justify their decisions and there is no formal appeal process for customs officers' decisions. (references) | |
India | India has challenged the panel's authority to determine whether the balance of payments can be used to justify imposition of import restrictions and the overall compatibility of regional trade agreements with WTO norms. (references) | |
Women | Honduras | The law requires employers to pay women equal wages for equivalent work, but employers often classify women's jobs as less demanding than those of men to justify paying them lower salaries. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | OPTIMIST, n. A proponent of the doctrine that black is white. A pessimist applied to God for relief. "Ah, you wish me to restore your hope and cheerfulness," said God. "No," replied the petitioner, "I wish you to create something that would justify them." "The world is all created," said God, "but you have overlooked something -- the mortality of the optimist." |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | By this proceeding Spain has formed a relation between the two countries which will justify any measures on the part of the United States which a strong sense of injury and a proper regard for the rights and interests of the nation may dictate. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Nothing could justify it but the public safety, which is the supreme law. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | If we value work, we cannot justify a system that makes welfare more attractive than work. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Justify" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 87.11% of the time. "Justify" is used about 2,054 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 87.11% | 1,789 | 4,722 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 12.65% | 260 | 18,316 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.24% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,054 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expression using "justify": justify oneself. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "justify": cost-justify, to-justify. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
justify my love | 45 |
end justify means | 13 |
madonna justify my love | 13 |
desktop justify support | 12 |
justify | 12 |
justify love lyrics | 7 |
justify love lyrics madonna | 5 |
html justify | 4 |
does end justify means | 4 |
justify love madonna video | 4 |
html justify text | 3 |
justify text | 3 |
communication justify network spending | 2 |
justify war | 2 |
justify love video | 2 |
end justify means should | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "justify"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | justifikoj (defend, exculpate, excuse, extenuate, not fail to, warrant), vërtetoj (acknowledge, attest, authenticate, avouch, certify, confirm, confirm a piece of news, corroborate, demonstrate, document, doom, endorse, establish, evince, indorse, make certain, make good, prove, validate, verify), shpjegoj (account for, clarify, construe, define, elucidate, explain, expound, interpret, make understand, straighten, straighten out, take to pieces, tell, unriddle), shfajësoj (absolve, acquit, defend, exculpate, exonerate, purge, vindicate, whitewash), arsyetoj (descant, dissert, dissertate, expostulate, motivate, ratiocinate, rationalize, reason, recognize, reflect, speculate). (various references) | |
Arabic | ملأ السطر, حسن توزيع الفسحات, سوغ (rationalize, reason, warrant), ثبت أهليته, برىء من الإ ثم, برر (excuse, rationalize, sanctify, substantiate, vindicate, warrant). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | свързвам набор, обяснявам (account, explain, explicate, illuminate, impute, interpret, refer, set forth, set out, tell, translate, unravel), оправдавам (acquit, authorise, authorize, exculpate, excuse, exonerate, fulfill, legitimate, purge, sanctify, vindicate, warrant), извинявам (excuse, overlook, palliate, pardon), доказвам правотата на. (various references) | |
Chinese | 辩解 (Justification, justified, Justifying, reasoned), 辯解 (defend, explain, provide an explanation, try to defend oneself). (various references) | |
Czech | zdùvodnit (substantiate), vyrovnat (balance, clear off, compound, eke, eke out, equalize, even, even out, even up, flatten, level up, meet, quit, settle, settle up, smooth out, stack up, steady), ospravedlnit (exonerate, vindicate, warrant), oprávnit (authorize, qualify, warrant). (various references) | |
Danish | justere (adjust, align, bring into position, move into position, position, reposition, reset, set, to adjust, to fit), udslutte. (various references) | |
Dutch | onderleggen, in de lijn plaatsen (align, range type). (various references) | |
Farsi | حق دادن(به), توجیه کردن هم ترازشدن , توجیه کردن (Legtimize, Vindicate), تصدیق کردن (Acknowledge, Admit, Affirm, Authenticate, Aver, Certify, Concede, Confirm, Establish, Grant, Recognize, Rubberstamp, Testify), ذیحق دانستن . (various references) | |
Finnish | vanhurskauttaa, oikeuttaa (entitle). (various references) | |
French | justifier. (various references) | |
German | justieren (adjust, collimate, gauge, to justify, weight), begründen (account for, erect, establish, found, give reasons for, ground, prove, set up, substantiate, to found, to justify), ausrichten (accomplish, achieve, act out, align, arrange, bias, bring into line, carry through, deliver, gear, give a message, joggle, line up, organize, orient, orientate, pass on, range, relay, tell, to align, to justify, to orient). (various references) | |
Greek | δικαιώνω (do justice to, exonerate, vindicate), δικαιολογώ (excuse, warrant). (various references) | |
Hebrew | ל"צ"יק (acquit, approve, excuse, legitimate, vindicate, warrant), ל"ון לכף זכות (acquit, make allowance). (various references) | |
Hungarian | megokol (to justify, to motivate, to substantiate), indokol (account for, motive, to argufy, to explain, to justify, to motivate, to warrant), igazol (bear out, certify, legitimate, prove, substantiate, to attest, to authenticate, to bear out, to confirm, to corroborate, to depose, to exculpate, to justify, to legitimate, to make good, to sanctificate, to sanctify, to substantiate, to support, to verify, to vindicate, to warrant, verify). (various references) | |
Indonesian | mempertanggungjawabkan (account for), membenarkan (approve of, compensate, confirm, corroborate, straighten). (various references) | |
Italian | scusare (apologize, excuse, extenuate, forgive, justify oneself, make one's excuses, pardon), parangonare, motivare (cause, motivate), legittimare (legitimate, legitimize), giustificare (excuse, excuse oneself, justify oneself, vindicate, warrant). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | ジャケ写 (hit the ball squarely, in perfect focus, internal clock that is always correct, jacket picture, Japanese Agricultural Standard, JAS, jasmine, jazzercize, just, just fit, justice, justification). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ジャスティファイ . (various references) | |
Korean | 당"하십시". (various references) | |
Manx | seyrey (absolution, absolve, acquit, acquittal, affranchise, affranchisement, clear, clear from guilt, deliver, discharge, disembarrass, disencumber; exploit; clearing, disengage, dismiss, dismissal, disoblige, dispensation; exploitation, ease, emancipate, emancipation, enfranchise, exempt, exemption, exonerate, exoneration, free, justification, liberate, liberation, purge, release, relieve, riddance, vindication, vindication act of), lowal (allow, allow permit, allowable, lawful, legitimate), cairyssaghey. (various references) | |
Norwegian | rettferdiggjøre, forsvare (defend). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ustifyjay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | justificar (deraign, exculpate, explain, instantiate, legitimate, substantiate, vindicate, warrant), parangonar, fundamentar (found, ground, instantiate, motivate, motive, substantiate), explicar (account, advance, clarify, construe, define, enucleate, explain, explicate, expound, gloss, illustrate, instantiate, interpret, lay out, represent, resolve, solve, tell, to explain, unriddle), esclarecer (clarify, elucidate, enlighten, explain, illuminate, illustrate, instantiate, instruct, irradiate, make clear, post, resolve, solve, undeceive), desculpar (apologize, condone, exculpate, excuse, forgave, forgive, instantiate, make allowance for, palliate, pardon), alinhar no computador. (various references) | |
Romanian | justifica (account, authorise, authorize, exculpate, found, motive, vindicate, warrant), scuza (absolve, apologize, condone, excuse, forgive, gloze, pardon), motiva (base, ground, motivate, motive), lãmuri (clear, clinch, define, disembroil, disentangle, elucidate, enlighten, explain, illuminate, illumine, illustrate, lighten, riddle, show, solve, understand, unravel, untie), explica (account, account for, construe, define, elucidate, enlighten, enunciate, explain, explicate, expound, illuminate, illumine, interpret, riddle, show, untie, vindicate), confirma (acknowledge, affirm, bear out, confirm, corroborate, establish, fortify, homologate, receipt, sanction, strengthen, validate, verify, vouch, witness), adeveri (acknowledge, attest, avouch, certify, confirm, corroborate, fortify, seal, substantiate, test, testify, verify, vouch, warrant, witness), împlini (accomplish, achieve, be, complete, consummate, fill, fulfil, grant, satisfy, serve). (various references) | |
Russian | выравнивать (align, aligned, aligns, aline, equalize, equalizing, even, even out, flatten, flatten out, level, unskew), объяснять (account for, construe, elucidate, explain, explicate, interpret, refer), оправдывать (acquit, exculpate, excuse, explain, give an excuse, vindicate, vindicated, vindicating, warrant), извинять (excuse, palliate), доказывать;оправдывать;выравнивать (justifying). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | složiti u blok, opravdati (account, acquit, clear, excuse, legitimate, vindicate, warrant), obrazložiti (explain). (various references) | |
Spanish | justifique, justificar (make good, make on, make out, objectify, prove, rectify, substantiate, test, try, try on, warrant), vindicar (atone, atonements, avenge, vindicate), parangonar, negar de culpa, fundar (base, endow, erect, establish, form, found, institute, launch, promote, set up, start), establecer (base, enter into, erect, establish, establishes, form, found, identify, institute, lay down, locate, nail down, naturalize, put up, raise, set, set down, set up, settle, substantiate, take up), disculpar (exculpate, excuse, forgive), dar motivo para, alinear (align, Aline, line, line up, play). (various references) | |
Swedish | rättfärdiga (excuse, legitimate, vindicate). (various references) | |
Thai | แส"งให้เห็นถึง, อธิบาย, จั"บรรทั"ให้เสมอกัน. (various references) | |
Turkish | savunmak (advocate, argue, argue for smth., assert, champion, declare oneself, defend, fence, fight, line up with, plead, protect, stand up, stand up for, stick up for, vindicate), satır uzunluğunu ayarlamak, haklı göstermek (bear smb. out), haklı çıkarmak (legitimate, legitimatize, legitimize, prove smb. right, right, vindicate), hak vermek (vest), doğrulamak (affirm, attest, avouch, bear out, certify, confirm, correct, corroborate, hold with, homologate, predicate, substantiate, support, sustain, testify, verify, vouch), düzeltmek (adjust, ameliorate, amend, arrange, better, clean up, correct, dub, emend, face-lift, fix, grade, grade up, haul up, heal, improve, level, level off, level out, meliorate, mend, plane, planish, polish, polish up, reclaim, rectify, redress, refine, reform, regenerate, remedy, reorganize, right, set aright, slick, smooth, smooth away, smooth down, smooth out, smooth over, Spruce, spruce up, Square, straighten, straighten out, tidy up, trim, try out, unbend, unscramble, upgrade), ayarlamak (adjust, arrange, assay, budget, calibrate, collimate, draw up, fix up, gear, lay on, measure, proportion, regularize, regulate, reset, scale, set, Square, standardize, syntonize, time, tone, trim, tune), aklamak (absolve, acquit, blanch, brighten, clear, exculpate, exonerate, launder, purge, whiten, whitewash). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | виправдувати (absolve, authorize, warrant), підтверджувати (acknowledge, affirm, approve, attest, avouch, avow, bear out, carry, certify, confirm, corroborate, endorse, homologate, indorse, reassert, reconfirm, say yes, uphold, verify, vouch). (various references) | |
Welsh | cyfreithloni (legalize), cyfiawnhau. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | adprobabit, adprobatum, conprobati, conprobatum, conprobent, justificare. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Luke Chapter 10, Verse 29 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | O de qelwn dikaioun eauton eipen proV ton ihsoun kai tiV estin mou plhsion |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Ille autem volens iustificare se ipsum dixit ad Iesum et quis est meus proximus |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | þa cwæþ he to þam hælende. and wolde hine sylfne gerihtwisian; And hwylc is min nehsta; |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | But he willynge to iustifie hym silf, seide to Jhesu, And who is my neiybore? |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | He willinge to iustifie him silfe sayde vnto Iesus: Who is then my neghbour? |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | But he, willing to justify himself, said unto Jesus, And who is my neighbour? |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | But he, willing to justify himself, said to Jesus, And who is my neighbor? |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | But he, desiring to put himself in the right, said to Jesus, And who is my neighbour? |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Luke Chapter 10, Verse 29 |
| Cebuano | Apan kay buot man siya magpakamatarung sa iyang kaugalingon, siya miingon kang Jesus, "Ug kinsa man ang akong silingan?" |
| Chinese | 那 人 要 顯 明 自 己 有 理 、 就 對 耶 穌 說 、 誰 是 我 的 鄰 舍 呢 。 |
| Croatian | Ali hoteæi se opravdati, reèe on Isusu: "A tko je moj bližnji?" |
| Danish | Men han vilde gøre sig selv retfærdig og sagde til Jesus: "Hvem er da min Næste?" |
| Dutch | Maar hij, willende zichzelven rechtvaardigen, zeide tot Jezus: En wie is mijn naaste? |
| Finnish | Mutta hän tahtoi näyttää olevansa vanhurskas ja sanoi Jeesukselle: "Kuka sitten on minun lähimmäiseni?" |
| French | Mais lui, voulant se justifier, dit Jésus: Et qui est mon prochain? |
| German | Er aber wollte sich selbst rechtfertigen und sprach zu Jesus: "Wer ist denn mein Nächster?" |
| Haitian Creole | Men, dirèktè lalwa a te vle bay tèt li rezon, kifè li mande Jezi: Ki moun ki frè parèy mwen? |
| Hungarian | Az pedig igazolni akarván magát, monda Jézusnak: De ki az én felebarátom? |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Tetapi guru agama itu mau membenarkan diri. Ia bertanya, "Siapa sesama saya itu?" |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Tetapi orang itu hendak membenarkan dirinya, lalu katanya kepada Yesus, "Siapakah gerangan sesama manusia itu?" |
| Manx Gaelic | Agh v'eshyn booiagh eh-hene y heyrey, as dooyrt eh rish Yeesey, As quoi my naboo? |
| Maori | Otira ka mea ia ki te whakatika i a ia, ka ki atu ki a Ihu, Ko wai ra toku hoa tata? |
| Norwegian | Men da han vilde gjøre sig selv rettferdig, sa han til Jesus: Hvem er da min næste? |
| Rumanian | Dar el, care vroia sq se kndreptqyeascq, a zis lui Isus: ,,Wi cine este aproapele meu?`` |
| Shuar | Tutai akupkamun jintinkiartin ni anintramun Kíishtumaktajtsa wakerak "Winia írutramursha ¿ya ainia?" Tímiayi. |
| Swahili | Lakini yeye akitaka kujihakikishia kuwa mwema akamwuliza Yesu, "Na jirani yangu ni nani?" |
| Swedish | Då ville han rättfärdiga sig och sade till Jesus: "Vilken är då min nästa?" |
| Uma | Aga guru agama toei uma dota radagi, mpoperaha-i kamonoa' po'ingku-na. Toe pai' na'uli': "Hiaa' hema doo-ku to kana kupoka'ahi' -e?" |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "justify": justifying. (additional references) | |
| |
"Justify" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Austoft, jusify, Justi, justifi, justive, russify. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "justify" (pronounced ju"stufī') |
| 5 | -s t u f ī' | demystify, mystify, testify. |
| 4 | -t u f ī' | beautify, certify, decertify, fortify, gratify, identify, misidentify, mortify, notify, quantify, ratify, rectify, stratify, stultify. |
| 3 | -u f ī' | acidify, amplify, calcify, clarify, classify, codify, crucify, declassify, deify, detoxify, dignify, disqualify, diversify, edify, electrify, exemplify, falsify, gentrify, glorify, horrify, indemnify, intensify, liquefy, magnify, modify, mollify, mummify, nullify, ossify, oversimplify, pacify, personify, petrify, purify, qualify, ramify, reclassify, requalify, reunify, signify, simplify, solidify, specify, terrify, typify, unify, verify, vilify. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "f-i-j-s-t-u-y" | |
-2 letters: fujis, fusty. | |
-3 letters: fist, fits, fuji, just, juts, sift, suit, tuis. | |
-4 letters: fit, ifs, its, jus, jut, sit, sty, tis, tui, uts. | |
-5 letters: if, is, it, si, ti, us, ut. | |
| Words containing the letters "f-i-j-s-t-u-y" | |
+3 letters: justifying. | |
+4 letters: justifiably. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Bible Trace | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
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