Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Journal |
JournalNoun1. A daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations. 2. A periodical dedicated to a particular subject; "he reads the medical journals". 3. A ledger in which transactions have been recorded as they occurred. 4. A record book as a physical object. 5. The part of the axle contained by a bearing. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "journal" was first used: sometime around 1355. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Business | A journal which has to be kept in certain countries in the manner prescribed by the law. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A chronological record of the accounting transactions of a business either in detail or summarised. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Electrical Engineering | That part of a shaft which is intended to rotate inside a bearing. Source: European Union. (references) |
Law | The official chronological record of the proceedings in each house. The journal is the minutes of the meeting. It is a publication printed daily. At the end of session, the journals are certified, indexed and bound. (references) |
Literature | Journal (Latin, diurnum, a daily thing; Welsh, diwrnod; Italian, giorno; French, journal, journal, jour, a day.) Applied to newspapers, the word strictly means a daily paper; but the extension of the term to weekly papers is sanctioned by custom. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | That part of a rotating shaft resting in a bearing. (references) |
Publishing & Graphic Arts | A periodical issued by an institution, corporation or learned society, containing current news and reports of activities and work in a particular field. Source: European Union. (references) |
Tips from 1870 | Usage: Journal. As this word is from the French, jour, day, it should not be applied to a monthly or quarterly magazine. Source: Slips of Speech. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A Journal (through French from late Latin diurnalis, daily) is a daily record of events or business. A private journal is usually an elaborated diary. When applied to a newspaper or other periodical the word is strictly used of one published each day; but any publication issued at stated intervals, such as a magazine or the record of the transactions of a learned society (a scientific or other academic journal), is commonly called a journal. "Journal", then, is sometimes used as a synonym for "magazine". The word "journalist" for one whose business is writing for the public press seems to be as old as the end of the 17th century."Journal" is particularly applied to the record, day by day, of the business and proceedings of a public body. The journals of the British houses of parliament contain an official record of the business transacted day by day in either house. The record does not take note of speeches, though some of the earlier volumes contain references to them. The journals are a lengthened account written from the "votes and proceedings" (in the House of Lords called "minutes of the proceedings"), made day by day by the assistant clerks, and printed on the responsibility of the clerk to the house, after submission to the "subcommittee on the journals." In the Commons the journal is passed by the Speaker before publication. The journals of the British House of Commons begin in the first year of the reign of Edward VI (1547), and are complete, except for a short interval under Elizabeth I. Those of the House of Lords date from the first year of Henry VIII. (1509). Before that date the proceedings in parliament were entered in the rolls of parliament, which extend from 1278 to 1503. The journals of the Lords are "records" in the judicial sense, those of the Commons are not (see Erskine May, Parliamentary Practice, 1906, pp. 201-202).
The term "journal" is used, in business, for a book in which an account of transactions is kept previous to a transfer to the ledger (see bookkeeping), and also as an equivalent to a ship's log, as a record of the daily run, observations, weather changes, etc. In mining, a journal is a record describing the various strata passed through in sinking a shaft. A particular use of the word is that, in machinery, for the parts of a shaft which are in contact with the bearingss; the origin of this meaning, which is firmly established, has not been explained.
some content from 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica
In telecommunication, the term journal has the following meanings:
Source: from Federal Standard 1037C
- A chronological record of data processing operations that may be used to reconstruct a previous or an updated version of a file. Synonym log.
- In database management systems, the record of all stored data items that have values changed as a result of processing and manipulation of the data.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Journal."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A journaling file system is a type of file system that keeps journalled metadata to avoid filesystem errors and corruption.
Problems with traditional file systems
In the process of writing data to the hard disk, a file system must write out metadata, which is information about the data on the disk, for example, the location of the data or the names of the files. If, while the file system is writing this metadata, the hard disk is interrupted by, for example, a loss of power, the metadata is not completely written out and the filesystem may be in an inconsistent state, in which the description of the data does not fully match the data itself.
One approach to fixing this problem is to run a program that scans the entire hard disk when the system is restarted, to fix an inconsistencies. Such programs include fsck on Unix and Unix-like systems, scandisk on Microsoft Windows systems, and Disk First Aid on Apple Macintosh systems. Unfortunately this method has two problems. First, rescanning the entire disk is very time consuming. Second, there is the possibility that the scanning program will encounter errors that it cannot fix and that data will be lost.
The answer: journaling file systems
Journaling file systems approach this problem by writing out a special file called a "journal", which keeps track of the transactions to the disk. Updates to the disk are then committed atomically.
If power is suddenly interrupted, a given set of updates will have either been fully committed to the filesystem, in which case there is not a problem, and the filesystem can be used immediately, or will be marked as not yet fully committed, in which case the file system driver can read the journal and fix any inconsistencies that occurred.
This is much quicker than a scan of the hard disk, and guarantees that the structure of the filesystem is always self-consistent, even if power is interrupted or the system crashes at random times, providing that the journal rollback or commit process is carried out when re-mounting the filesystem.
Note that this does not guarantee zero data loss: data or file-system changes written between the last commit and a crash may be lost, with the filesystem being effectively rolled back to the last commit point.
Some journaling filesystems journal all data, others only journal filesystem metadata.
Log-structured filesystems
Some systems go one step beyond being a conventional filesystem with an added journal; they use the journal log itself as the fundamental basis for the filesystem. These types of systems are called log-structured filesystems. As of 2003, none of the most popular filesystems are log-structured, although log-structured filesystem concepts influenced the development of the WAFL filesystem.
List of journaling file systems
Supported by the Linux operating system:
Supported by the OS/2 operating system:
- EXT3
- JFS
- ReiserFS
- XFS
Supported by the Microsoft Windows NT and later operating systems:
- JFS
Supported by the Apple Macintosh operating systems:
- NTFS (Linux also has read-only support for NTFS)
Supported by the IRIX operating system:
- HFS+ (Journaling was added to Mac OS X 10.2.2.)
See also:
- XFS
- BeOS which has its own journaling filesystem named BFS
- WAFL file system
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Journaling file system."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A magazine is a container for ammunition, from the french word for "store", magasin. By analogy with the above, a magazine is a periodical publication containing a variety of articles on various subjects.
Magazines are typically published weekly, twice-monthly or monthly, and often have some colour-printed content and coated paper. "Journal" is sometimes used in reference to a magazine.
some magazinesMany weekend newspapers now incorporate 'magazine sections' with a magazine-like format.
See also:
Magazine was the name of a musical group fronted by ex-Buzzcocks member Howard Devoto in the late 1970s.
- List of magazines
- Bondage magazine
- Comic magazine
- Computer magazine
- Pulp magazine
- Science magazine, e.g. New Scientist and Scientific American.
- Teen magazine
- Communication Arts
- Scientific journal
- List of women's magazines
External links
- http://www.hiljaiset.sci.fi/punknet/magazi_e.htm
- http://www.commerce.commarts.com/shop/detail.asp?cur=yes
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Magazine."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research. Most journals are highly specialized, although some of the oldest journals such as Nature publish articles and scientific papers across a wide range of scientific fields. Scientific journals contain articles that have been peer-revieweded, in an attempt to ensure that articles meet minimum standards of quality, and scientific validity. Articles tend to be highly technical, representing the latest theoretical research and experimental results in the field of science covered by the journal. They are often incomprehensible to anyone except for researchers in the field.Note: there are many good science magazines that are not scientific journals, including New Scientist and Scientific American. They are not be listed here.
Current issues in scientific journal publishing
It has been argued that peer-reviewed paper journals are in the process of being replaced by electronic publishing. There is usually a delay of several months after an article is written before it is published in a journal and this makes journals not an ideal format for disseminating the latest research. In some fields such as astronomy, the role of the journal at disseminating the latest research has largely been replaced by preprint databases such as archivX.org. However, scientific journals still provide an important role in quality control, archiving papers, and establishing scientific credit. In general, the electronic material uploaded to preprint database are still intended for eventual publication in a peer-reviewed journal.
There is an article titled "Online or Invisible?" (see link at end of article) uses statistical arguments to claim that electronic publishing provides wider dissemination. A number of journals have, while retaining their peer review process, established electronic versions or even moved entirely to electronic publication.
Types of journal articles
There are four types of journal articles:
The format of letters and articles are generally fixed. They begin with an abstract which is a two to four paragraph summary of the paper. An introduction which describes the background for the research including a discussion of similar research. A results and discussion section which describes the results and implications of the research, and a conclusion section which places the research in context and describes avenues for further exploration.
- Letters (which should not be confused with letters to the editor) are short usually one or two page descriptions of current research findings.
- Articles are usually between five and twenty pages and are a complete descriptions of current original research finding, but there are considerable variations between scientific fields and journals: 80-page articles are not rare in mathematics or theoretical computer science.
- Supplemental articles contain a large volume of tabular data that is the result of current research and may be dozens or hundreds of pages with mostly numerical data.
- Review articles do not cover original research but rather are long in-depth overviews of current research work on a particular topic.
In addition to the above, some scientific journals such as Science will include a news section where scientific developments (often involving political issues) are described. These articles are often written by science journalists and not by scientists. In addition some journals will include an editorial section and a section for letters to the editor. Interestingly, while these are articles published within a journal, they are not generally regarded as scientific journal articles because they have not been peer reviewed.
See List of scientific journals for a listing of significant journals.
See also:
- Scientific paper
- Preprint
- Research publication
- Scientific method
- Public Library of Science
- citation index
- Citeseer
External links
- AMA list of peer-reviewed journals
- Online Or Invisible? by Steve Lawrence of the NEC Research Institute
- 'Free at Last: The Future of Peer-Reviewed Journals' by Stevan Harnad
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Scientific journal."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| JOL | English | Journal of Online Law | Computer - (WWW) |
| JO | French | Journal Officiel de l'Office européen des brevets | Law |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: JournalSynonyms: daybook (n), diary (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Accounts | Books, account book, ledger; day book, cash book, pass book; journal; debtor and creditor account, cash account, running account; account current; balance, balance sheet; compte rendu, account settled, acquit, assets, expenditure, liabilities, outstanding accounts; profit and loss account, profit and loss statement, receipts. |
Book | Part, issue, number livraison; album, portfolio; periodical, serial, magazine, ephemeris, annual, journal. |
Description | Narrative, history; memoir, memorials; annals; (chronicle); saga; tradition, legend, story, tale, historiette; personal narrative, journal, life, adventures, fortunes, experiences, confessions; anecdote, ana, trait. |
Instantaneity | Almanac, calendar, ephemeris; register, registry; chronicle, annals, journal, diary, chronogram. |
News | Media, news media, the press, the information industry; newspaper, magazine, tract, journal, gazette, publication; radio, television, ticker (electronic information transmission). |
Publication | The Press, public press, newspaper, journal, gazette, daily; telegraphy; publisher; Verb: imprint. |
Record | Gazette, gazetteer; newspaper, daily, magazine; almanac, almanack; calendar, ephemeris, diary, log, journal, daybook, ledger; cashbook, petty cashbook; professional journal, scientific literature, the literature, primary literature, secondary literature, article, review article. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | You! Fetch me my copy of the Wall Street Journal! You two, fight to the death (Family Guy; writing credit: Dolores Payás) You can't do anything with the information you have, except maybe publish it in the Everyone Thinks We're Insane-O's home journal (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) I knew I left that journal somewhere (Queen of the Damned; writing credit: Scott Abbott) Ed, Lewis and Clark had a journal. You, my friend, have a diary (Ed; writing credit: Steven Joel Kerzner) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Le Journal érotique d'un bûcheron (1974) Bill Moyers' Journal (1972) Le Journal d'un suicidé (1972) Journal of Love (1971) Black Journal (1968) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
| ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Spring Garden Harbor section of Baltimore Harbor. Accompanied as loose photos in the "Monthly Journal of the Engineers' Club of Baltimore" for February 1914. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | The North side of Baltimore Harbor as seen from a boat at anchor. Accompanied as loose photos in the "Monthly Journal of the Engineers' Club of Baltimore" for February 1914. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | "A Monster Born of a Ewe". In: "Journal des Observations Physiques, Mathematiques et Botaniques ...." by Louis Feuillee, 1660-1732. Published in 1714. P. 242. Library Call Number Q115 .F43 1714. A "monster" observed by the author in Buenos Aires in 1708. The author was serious as he reported this creature to the King of France. Credit: Treasures of the Library. |  | Pl. LXI. 221. Grammicolepis brachiusculus, Poey. Copied from Shufeldt, Journal of Morphology, Vol. II. 222. Centrolophus. Credit: National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection. |
 | Pl. CVIII. 369A, B. Citharichthys unicornis, Goode. Collected off Martha's Vineyard in about 135 fathoms. 370. Citharichthys spilopterus, Gunther. At N. Lat. 23.2, W. Lon. 89.2, in 84 fathoms. 371. Scianectes macrophthalmus, Alcock. From Alcock, "Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal," Vol. LVIII. Credit: National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection. |  | Title page of Edwards Forbes' paper concerning a dredging expedition in the Aegean Sea. Forbes set forth the concept that no life existed below 300 fathoms inspiring numerous pioneeer oceanographers to devise means to prove him wrong. In: The Annual Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science for the year 1843. NOAA Central Library Journal collection. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
 | End page of Edward Forbes' paper in which he challenges the scientific community to seek new knowledge of the sea and lays the groundwork for government support of oceanography. In: The Annual Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science for the year 1843. NOAA Central Library Journal collection. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | U.S. Armed Forces Institute Of Pathology : [Pamphlet- reprint from United States Armed Forces Medical Journal Vol. VI NO.2February 1955. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Journal des Demoiselles / P. Robin. P. Defernevill. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | "The Adler before the Hurricane" Artwork by Rear Admiral Lewis A. Kimberly, contained in his personal journal of the Apia Hurricane. It shows the German gunboat Adler at anchor in Apia Harbor prior to the storm, and before she had made heavy weather preparations. Credit: NAVY. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Duke of Wellington Arthur Wellesley | When my journal appears, many statues must come down. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
US Constitution | 1791 | But in all such Cases the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each House respectively. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Never have the fingers of night, which are clutching beneath this asphyxiating vault, turned the leaves of a book, or unfolded a journal. |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | Our voyage was very prosperous, but I shall not trouble the reader with a journal of it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Journal of Clinical Microbiology. (references) | |
American Journal of Human Genetics. (references) | ||
The AAP policy statement appeared in the May 2001 issue of the journal Pediatrics. (references) | ||
Business | The ADA produces a bi-monthly dental journal and a newsletter. (references) | |
This notice is published in the Official Journal of the European Commission (OJEC). (references) | ||
The law provides that tenders of very high value should be published in the Journal of European Economic Community. (references) | ||
Children | Russia | A 1999 study cited in the journal Protect Me reported that there were approximately 657,000 children without parental care in the country, of these approximately 200,000 were in institutions. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Congo | On February 28, security forces arrested Guy Kasongo, editor of the satirical journal Pot Pourri, allegedly for publishing unflattering cartoons of the Minister of the Interior. (references) |
India | The RSS published an article entitled "Foreign Missionaries, Quit India: RSS" in their journal The Organiser, in which they attacked missionary-backed Christian institutions in the country. (references) | |
Economic History | Uk | Future procurements are publicized in the EU's Official Journal. (references) |
Portugal | International tenders are also published in the EU Official Journal (Series F). (references) | |
Costa Rica | An extract of the registration is then published in "La Gaceta" (the official legal journal). (references) | |
Human Rights | Ukraine | Gongadze was the editor of the on-line news journal Ukrayinska Pravda and was a frequent critic of both the Government and leading business figures. (references) |
Yemen | The HRITC publishes the quarterly human rights journal Our Rights and regularly prints and distributes a brochure entitled "Know Your Rights." Several donors have supported the HRITC. (references) | |
Morocco | An article in the weekly newspaper Le Journal criticized the silence of the Prime Minister, who previously had discussed "whistleblower" laws to protect such persons as Adib and had publicly praised Adib's efforts to fight corruption. (references) | |
Minorities | Moldova | One example was an article in the National Journal on April 10 entitled "Sects in Moldova Recruit Followers by Promising Them Everything, After Which they Separate Them from God Forever." Several representatives of religious groups complained that this article was biased, especially in the way that it focused on the less mainstream groups. (references) |
Political Economy | SWEDEN | Sweden is required to publish all government procurement opportunities in the European Community Official Journal. (references) |
Travel | Honduras | Major sources of English-language news are the Latin American air express editions of the Miami Herald, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, and USA Today. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | PROBOSCIS, n. The rudimentary organ of an elephant which serves him in place of the knife-and-fork that Evolution has as yet denied him. For purposes of humor it is popularly called a trunk. Asked how he knew that an elephant was going on a journey, the illustrious Jo. Miller cast a reproachful look upon his tormentor, and answered, absently: "When it is ajar," and threw himself from a high promontory into the sea. Thus perished in his pride the most famous humorist of antiquity, leaving to mankind a heritage of woe! No successor worthy of the title has appeared, though Mr. Edward bok, of The Ladies' Home Journal, is much respected for the purity and sweetness of his personal character. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Rush Limbaugh | Micah Morrison's huge piece in Thursday's Wall Street Journal covers a lot of the ground Gertz first strode over on the Iraq-Oklahoma City connection. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | To match the magnitude of our tasks, we need the energies of our people--enlisted not only in grand enterprises, but more importantly in those small, splendid efforts that make headlines in the neighborhood newspaper instead of the national journal. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Journal" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 75.38% of the time. "Journal" is used about 2,369 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 75.38% | 1,786 | 4,726 |
| Noun (proper) | 24.62% | 583 | 10,863 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,369 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| USA | Casino Journal Publishing Group, Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "journal": boring journal ♦ cash journal ♦ daily journal ♦ fashion journal ♦ general journal ♦ Journal Article [Publication Type] ♦ journal bearing ♦ journal box ♦ journal for axial load ♦ keeping a journal ♦ literary journal ♦ professional journal ♦ sales journal ♦ trade journal ♦ wall street journal. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "journal": journal-a, Journal-constitution, journal-to-journal. | |
Ending with "journal": journal-to-journal. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "journal"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | koerant (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, periodical). (various references) | |
Albanian | revistë (magazine, review), protokoll (minutes, protocol, record), libër shënimesh, libër llogarish (books, daybook), gazetë (Gazette, magazine, newspaper, paper, periodical, sheet), ditar (daybook, diary). (various references) | |
Arabic | مجلة ازياء, مجلة (bulletin, magazine, periodical, review), صحيفة (leaf, newspaper, paper, sheet), المقعدة مرتكز العمود, دفتر اليومية. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | списание (mag, magazine, periodical), цапфа (gudgeon, pin, teat, tenon, tongue, wrist, wrist pin), шип (barb, calk, ferrule, nib, prick, prickle, rough, spine, spur, thorn), корабен дневник (log, logbook), книга за текущи сметки, вестник (newspaper, organ, paper, print, sheet), дневник (classbook, daybook, diary, register). (various references) | |
Chinese | 通 (bulletin, circulate information), 日誌 , 学报. (various references) | |
Czech | periodikum, noviny (Gazette, news, newspaper, paper, press, tidings), list (blade, folio, hand, leaf, sheet), deník (daily, daily newspaper, diary), èasopis (mag, magazine, periodical). (various references) | |
Danish | journal (log, log book, medical record, patient's card, system log, treatment card), tidsskrift (magazine, periodical, serial), tap (butt, chuck, core, disc pivot, dowel, hinge bolt, peg, pintle, pivot, shoulder, spigot, spike tooth, sprue, tack, tap, tenon, wire nail), systemlog (log, log book, system log), søle, logbog (log, log book, logbook, navigation book, ship's log, system log), log (log, log book, logarithm, system log), lejesoele, lejesøle, fagtidsskrift, drejetap (bogie pin, bogie pivot, hinge bolt, inner shaft, king pin, king pivot, pintle, pivot, pivot pin, spindle, swivel, upper centre casting), avis (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, periodical), akseltap (neck of the axle, shaft journal, trunnion). (various references) | |
Dutch | krant (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, periodical), dagblad (daily paper, newspaper), courant (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Esperanto | ĵurnalo (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Faeroese | blað (blade, daily paper, gazette, leaf, magazine, newspaper, periodical, sheet). (various references) | |
Farsi | مجله (Gazette, Magazine, Review), روزنامه (Gazette, Newspaper, Paper), دفتروقایع روزانه , دفترروزنامه . (various references) | |
Finnish | päiväkirja (daybook, diary, register). (various references) | |
French | journal, magazine, livre journal. (various references) | |
Frisian | krante (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, periodical), deiblêd (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
German | Journal (daily ledger, daily paper, daybook, diary, log, newspaper), Zeitung (daily paper, Gazette, magazine, newspaper, paper, periodical), zeitschrift (magazine, periodical, review, revue, serial), tagebuch (daybook, diary), Protokoll (log, minutes, protocol, record, report, score sheet, statement, ticket, transcript), magazin (mag, magazine, pod, stack, stockroom, store, storeroom, warehouse), logbuch (log, logbook), Lagerzapfen (bearing pin, pivot), fachzeitschrift (professional journal, trade journal). (various references) | |
Greek | ημερολόγιο (almanac, calendar, diary, log book). (various references) | |
Hebrew | פ קס (ledger, notebook, pad, pocket book, register, tablet), עתון (newspaper, paper, sheet), כתב "עת (magazine, periodical, review), ''ור ל. (various references) | |
Hungarian | újság (daily paper, newness, news, news sheet, newspaper, paper, print, sheet, tidings). (various references) | |
Icelandic | dagblað (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Indonesian | jurnal, surat kabar (gazette). (various references) | |
Italian | giornale (daily, daily paper, diary, magazine, newspaper, paper), rivista (magazine, parade, periodical, review, revue, show), diario (diary). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 雑誌 (magazine), 雑誌 (magazine), 日録 (daily record, Japan-Russian), 日記 (diary), 日記 (diary), 仕訳表 , ジプシー音楽 (German, giant, giant panda, Giants, gibberellin, gym, gymkhana, gymnasium, gymnastics, gypsy music, gyro, gyrocompas, gyrocompass, gyrocopter, gyropilot, gyroscope, Jacquard, jar, jargon, jerk, jerky, jersey, Jim Crow, journalism, journalist, journalistic, journey, young people who sit on the ground or sidewalk). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ざっし (magazine), しわけひょう, にっき (diary), にちろく (daily record), ジャーナル . (various references) | |
Korean | 표. (various references) | |
Lombard | giornal (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Manx | lioar laa (diary), lioar choontys (account book), laa-lioar, jurnyl. (various references) | |
Norwegian | avis (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Papiamen | diario (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ournaljay.(various references) | |
Polish | dziennik (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
Portuguese | jornal (chare, daily, daily paper, gazette, magazine, organ, rag, sheet), revista (inspection, muster, periodical, review, revue, roll call), magazine (magazine), diário (daily, daily newspaper, day in day out, day-book, day-by-day, diary, diurnal, everyday, newspaper, quotidian, workaday). (various references) | |
Romanian | jurnal zilnic, jurnal intim (diary), jurnal (dailies, diary, Gazette, sheet), ziar (Gazette, magazine, newspaper, organ, paper, periodical, sheet), revistã (fortnighty, magazine, periodical, review, revue, weekly), gât (gorge, neck, pull, ravine, scrag, sip, spout, swallow, throat), fus (cone, hasp, linchpin, mandrel, shaft, spindle, Trunnion), cep (bung, nose, spigot, spile, spill, tap), ax scurt. (various references) | |
Russian | газета (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, paper, periodical, sheet), журнал (biweekly, daybook, log, log-book, magazine, register). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | rukavac (branch, offshoot), revija (review, revue), dnevnik (daybook, diary, note book, notebook), dnevna knjiga, časopis (magazine, periodical, review), žurnal (magazine, newsreel, news-reel). (various references) | |
Spanish | revista (inspection, mag, magazine, muster, parade, periodical, review, revue), gorrón (bummer, cadger, mumper, pebble, pivot, scrounger, sponger). (various references) | |
Sranan | koranti (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, periodical). (various references) | |
Swahili | gazeti (daily paper, gazette, magazine, newspaper, periodical). (various references) | |
Swedish | journal (daily paper, diary, log-book, magazine, newspaper), dagbok (daybook, diary, log-book), tidskrift (mag, magazine, periodical, review), tidning (fanzine, newspaper, paper, sheet). (various references) | |
Thai | นิตยสาร (mag, magazine), บันทึกประจำวัน, หนังสือพิมพ์ประจำวัน. (various references) | |
Turkish | yevmiye defteri, seyir defteri (log, logbook), gazete (Gazette, news medium, newspaper, paper, sheet), günlük (casually, daily, day to day, daybook, diary, diurnal, everyday, frankincense, fresh, of every day, per diem, quotidian, workaday), gündem (agenda, appointment book, docket, order book), dergi (bulletin, magazine, periodical, print, review), bülten (bulletin, return), şaft yatağı, anı defteri. (various references) | |
Turkmen | Јurnal (r) (magazine). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | щоденник (day-book, diary, diurnal), газета (news, news sheet, newspaper, organ), журнал (day-book, magazine). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | ngõng trục (gudgeon). (various references) | |
Welsh | dyddlyfr (diary), dyddiadur (diary). (various references) | |
Zulu | inyuziphepha (daily paper, newspaper). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | diurnalis. (various references) |
| Anglo-French | 1100-1600 | jurnal. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "journal": journalese, journaleses, journalism, journalisms, journalist, journalistic, journalistically, journalists, journalize, journalized, journalizer, journalizers, journalizes, journalizing, journals. (additional references) | |
Words containing "journal": parajournalism, parajournalisms, photojournalism, photojournalisms, photojournalist, photojournalistic, photojournalists. (additional references) | |
| |
"Journal" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Fournel, Gourna, Gournay, jjournal, Joarna, jornal, Jorunal, Joubran, journ, journa, journaled, journas, journee, journel, journer, Jurmala, jurnal. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "journal" (pronounced jer"nul) |
| 4 | -er" n u l | infernal, Colonel, diurnal, eternal, external, fraternal, internal, kernel, maternal, nocturnal, paternal, vernal. |
| 3 | -n u l | abdominal, aberrational, aboriginal, additional, adrenal, anal, annal, annul, Arsenal, atonal, attitudinal, autumnal, binational, biphenyl, cantonal, Cardinal, carnal, channel, coeducational, collisional, communal, compositional, computational, concessional, conditional, confessional, conformational, confrontational, congregational, congressional, connotational, constitutional, conventional, conversational, cornel, correctional, criminal, Darnel, delusional, denominational, departmental, depositional, devotional, diagonal, dimensional, directional, divisional, doctrinal, duodenal, dysfunctional, educational, emotional, empanel, erosional, exceptional, factional, faunal, fennel, fictional, final, flannel, fluxional, foundational, fractional, functional, funnel, gastrointestinal, generational, gravitational, hexagonal, hormonal, Hymnal, impanel, impersonal, improvisational, spinal, subliminal, superregional, supranational, terminal, informational, inspirational, institutional, instructional, intentional, intergenerational, international, interpersonal, intestinal, investigational, Invitational, irrational, jurisdictional, juvenile, kennel, latitudinal, longitudinal, luminal, marginal, medicinal, monoclonal, monsoonal, morainal, motivational, multinational, national, navigational, nominal, noncriminal, nonprofessional, nontraditional, nutritional, obsessional, occasional, occupational, octagonal, operational, optional, organizational, original, panel, penal, personal, phenomenal, polygonal, polyvinyl, processional, professional, promotional, proportional, provisional, rational, recreational, regional, relational, renal, representational, retinal, rotational, seasonal, sectional, semifinal, seminal, sensational, sentinel, shrapnel, signal, situational, tonal, traditional, transformational, transitional, transnational, tribunal, tunnel, unconditional, unconstitutional, unconventional, unemotional, unintentional, unprofessional, untraditional, vaginal, venal, Vinal, vinyl, virginal, vocational. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-j-l-n-o-r-u" | |
-2 letters: joual, jural, loran, lunar, ulnar. | |
-3 letters: jarl, jura, loan, lorn, lour, luna, nurl, oral, roan, ulan, ulna. | |
-4 letters: jar, jun, lar, nor, oar, ora, our, raj, ran, run, urn. | |
-5 letters: al, an, ar, jo, la, lo, na, no, nu, on, or, un. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-j-l-n-o-r-u" | |
+1 letter: journals. | |
+3 letters: journalese, journalism, journalist, journalize. | |
+4 letters: conjectural, journaleses, journalisms, journalists, journalized, journalizer, journalizes. | |
+5 letters: journalistic, journalizers, journalizing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Spoken | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Names: Company Usage 16. Expressions | 17. Expressions: Internet 18. Translations: Modern 19. Translations: Ancient 20. Abbreviations | 21. Acronyms 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
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