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Jargon

Specialty Definition: Jargon

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Specialty Definition: Baseball jargon

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The following is an alphabetical list of unofficial terms, phrases, and other jargon used in baseball, and explanations of their meanings. See also baseball slang for slang in general usage that originated in baseball.

;1-1 (i.e., "one and one"), also, 0-1, 1-0, 1-2, 2-1, 2-2, 3-2

Instances of the "pitch count," the number of balls and strikes currently totaled for the batter.

;battery

The pitcher and catcher.

;beanball

A pitch intentionally thrown to hit the batter.

;bottom of the inning

The second half of an inning, during which the home team bats.

;brush-back

A pitch intentionally thrown close to a batter to intimidate or misdirect. Also chin-music.

;can of corn

An easily-caught fly ball.

;chase after

Swinging at a pitch well outside of the strike zone.

;check the runner

When the pitcher looks in the direction of a runner on base, and thereby causes him to not take as large of a lead as he would otherwise have taken.

;cleanup

The fourth batter for a team, usually a power hitter. The idea is to get some runners on base for the "cleanup" hitter to drive home.

;closer

A relief pitcher who is consistently used to get the final outs in games. Closers are often among the most overpowering pitchers.

;dinger

Home run. Also homer, round-tripper. See more nicknames in the article home run.

;down the line

On the field near the foul lines, often used to describe the location of batted balls.

;down the middle

Over the middle portion of home plate, used to describe the location of pitches.

;drop off the table

When a pitched ball (e.g., a curveball) breaks extremely sharply.

;high and tight

High, or above the strike zone, and close to the batter, used to describe the location of pitches.

;hitting for the cycle

Hit a single, double, triple and home run in the same game, not necessarily in that order.

;hot corner

The third base fielding position, so called because many batted balls arrive very quickly to the position.

;in the hole

On the infield at a location nearly exactly between fielders, used to describe the location of batted balls.

;K

Strikeout. A backwards K is sometimes used to denote a strikeout looking and forwards to indicate a strikeout swinging.

;lead off (batting order)

The player who is first in the batting order for a given team.

;lead off (base running)

When a base runner steps off of the base in order to reduce the distance to the next base, before a pitch is thrown.

;load the bases

When base runners are caused to exist on all bases (first, second, and third base).

;outside corner

Over the edge of home plate away from the batter, used to describe the location of pitches.

;pitch out

A pitch that is so far outside that it can't be hit. The catcher catches the pitch standing to allow a quick throw to try picking off a runner.

;safety squeeze

A squeeze play in which the runner on third waits for the batter to lay down a successful bunt before breaking for home. Contrast this with the suicide squeeze.

;setup man

A relief pitcher who is consistently used immediately before the closer.

;seventh-inning stretch

The period between the top and bottom of the seventh inning, when the fans present traditionally stand up to stretch their legs. In recent years, a sing-along of the song "Take Me Out to the Ball Game" has become part of this tradition, a practice most associated with Chicago broadcaster Harry Caray.

;shoestring catch

When a fielder, usually an outfielder, catches a ball just before it hits the ground, and remains running while doing so.

;slice foul

When a fly ball or line drive starts out over fair territory, then curves into foul territory due to aerodynamic force caused by spinning of the ball, imparted by the bat.

;sophomore jinx

The tendency for players to follow a good rookie season with a less-spectacular one. (This term is used outside the realm of baseball as well.) Two of the most notorious examples are Joe Charboneau and Mark Fidrych.

;squeeze play

A tactic used to attempt to score a runner from third on a bunt. There are two types of squeeze plays: suicide squeeze and safety squeeze.

;suicide squeeze

A squeeze play in which the runner on third breaks for home on the pitch, so that, if the batter does not lay down a bunt, then the runner is an easy out. Contrast this with the safety squeeze.

;Texas Leaguer

A weakly hit fly ball that drops in for a single.

;top of the inning

The first half of an inning, during which the visiting team bats.

;up the middle

On the field very close to second base, used to describe the location of batted balls.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Baseball jargon."

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Jargon

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

simple:Jargon

The term jargon can be used for:

1. a specialised vocabulary of a profession, or similar group, see: technical terminology.
2. a dialect, a heavy distortion of common language, deviant from the official language of a state.
3. an idiomatic language used by a small group of people or even a single person, often with a touch of humour or irony. This idiomatic language may appear vague and alienated to outsiders. It may be used disparagingly toward others. (See for example lamer.)
4. statements about something made in a routine manner, without deeper analysis of the subject.

Examples of jargon

• Buzzwords
• Slang

See also: Variety (linguistics), Colloquialism, Argot

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Jargon."

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Jargon File

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The Jargon File is a famous compendium of hacker slang (jargon). It is available from many locations on the Internet, including ESR's website.

The original Jargon File was a collection of hacker jargon from technical cultures including the MIT AI Lab, the Stanford AI lab (SAIL), and others of the old ARPANET AI/LISP/PDP-10 communities including Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN), Carnegie-Mellon University (CMU), and Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI).

The Jargon File (hereafter referred to as 'jargon-1' or 'the File') was begun by Raphael Finkel at Stanford in 1975. From this time until the plug was finally pulled on the SAIL computer in 1991, the File was named AIWORD.RF[UP,DOC] there. Some terms in it date back considerably earlier (frob and some senses of moby, for instance, go back to the Tech Model Railroad Club at MIT and are believed to date at least back to the early 1960s). The revisions of jargon-1 were all unnumbered and may be collectively considered 'Version 1'.

In 1976, Mark Crispin, having seen an announcement about the File on the SAIL computer, FTPed a copy of the File to MIT. He noticed that it was hardly restricted to 'AI words' and so stored the file on his directory as AI:MRC;SAIL JARGON.

The file was quickly renamed JARGON > (the '>' caused versioning under ITS) as a flurry of enhancements were made by Mark Crispin and Guy L. Steele Jr Unfortunately, amidst all this activity, nobody thought of correcting the term 'jargon' to 'slang' until the compendium had already become widely known as the Jargon File. Perhaps the term 'jargon' gave the compendium faux seriousness.

Raphael Finkel dropped out of active participation shortly thereafter and Don Woods became the SAIL contact for the File (which was subsequently kept in duplicate at SAIL and MIT, with periodic resynchronizations).

The File expanded by fits and starts until about 1983; Richard Stallman was prominent among the contributors, adding many MIT and ITS-related coinages.

In Spring 1981, a hacker named Charles Spurgeon got a large chunk of the File published in Stewart Brand's "CoEvolution Quarterly" (issue 29, pages 26-35) with illustrations by Phil Wadler and Guy Steele (including a couple of the Crunchly cartoons). This appears to have been the File's first paper publication.

A late version of jargon-1, expanded with commentary for the mass market, was edited by Guy Steele into a book published in 1983 as "The Hacker's Dictionary" (Harper & Row CN 1082, ISBN 0-06-091082-8). The other jargon-1 editors (Raphael Finkel, Don Woods, and Mark Crispin) contributed to this revision, as did Richard M. Stallman and Geoff Goodfellow. This book (now out of print) is hereafter referred to as `Steele-1983' and those six as the Steele-1983 coauthors.

Shortly after the publication of Steele-1983, the File effectively stopped growing and changing. Originally, this was due to a desire to freeze the file temporarily to facilitate the production of Steele-1983, but external conditions caused the `temporary' freeze to become permanent.

The AI Lab culture had been hit hard in the late 1970s by funding cuts and the resulting administrative decision to use vendor-supported hardware and software instead of homebrew whenever possible. At MIT, most AI work had turned to dedicated LISP Machines. At the same time, the commercialization of AI technology lured some of the AI Lab's best and brightest away to startups along the Route 128 strip in Massachusetts and out West in Silicon Valley. The startups built LISP machines for MIT; the central MIT-AI computer became a TWENEX system rather than a host for the AI hackers' beloved ITS.

The Stanford AI Lab had effectively ceased to exist by 1980, although the SAIL computer continued as a Computer Science Department resource until 1991. Stanford became a major TWENEX site, at one point operating more than a dozen TOPS-20 systems; but by the mid-1980s most of the interesting software work was being done on the emerging BSD Unix standard.

In April 1983, the PDP-10-centered cultures that had nourished the File were dealt a death-blow by the cancellation of the Jupiter project at Digital Equipment Corporation. The File's compilers, already dispersed, moved on to other things. Steele-1983 was partly a monument to what its authors thought was a dying tradition; no one involved realized at the time just how wide its influence was to be.

By the mid-1980s the File's content was dated, but the legend that had grown up around it never quite died out. The book, and softcopies obtained off the ARPANET, circulated even in cultures far removed from MIT and Stanford; the content exerted a strong and continuing influence on hacker language and humor. Even as the advent of the microcomputer and other trends fueled a tremendous expansion of hackerdom, the File (and related materials such as the Some AI Koans in Appendix A) came to be seen as a sort of sacred epic, a hacker-culture Matter of Britain chronicling the heroic exploits of the Knights of the Lab. The pace of change in hackerdom at large accelerated tremendously -- but the Jargon File, having passed from living document to icon, remained essentially untouched for seven years.

A new revision was begun in 1990, which contained nearly the entire text of a late version of jargon-1 (a few obsolete PDP-10-related entries were dropped after careful consultation with the editors of Steele-1983). It merged in about 80% of the Steele-1983 text, omitting some framing material and a very few entries introduced in Steele-1983 that are now also obsolete.

The new version cast a wider net than the old Jargon File; its aim was to cover not just AI or PDP-10 hacker culture but all the technical computing cultures wherein the true hacker-nature is manifested. More than half of the entries now derive from Usenet and represent jargon now current in the C and Unix communities, but special efforts have been made to collect jargon from other cultures including IBM PC programmers, Amiga fans, Mac enthusiasts, and even the IBM mainframe world.

Eric S. Raymond maintains the new File with assistance from Guy L. Steele Jr. . This article is based in part on the "Revision History" section of the Jargon File. The Jargon File is in the public domain.

External links

• Jargon File Resources
• Jargon File Revision History

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Jargon File."

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List of lumberjack jargon

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Stewart Holbrook was a lumberjack-turned-writer whose first book was Holy Old Mackinaw: A Natural History of the American Lumberjack (ISBN 1112559892). That book, first published in 1938, includes a Loggers Dictionary which defines some of the jargon of the lumberjack. The following list is excerpted from that and other sources:

• Barber chair: a tree which splits upward along the grain during falling.
• Batteau: a type of boat used on river drives in the eastern United States
• Birling: the game of logrolling
• Branding ax: a tool used for marking ownership of a log
• Buck: to cut a tree into lengths after it has been felled
• Bucker: one who saws trees into logs
• Bullcook (also known derogatorily as the crumb boss): a boy who performs chores around camp, such as sweeping up the bunkhouse, cutting wood for fuel, filling wood boxes, and feeding the livestock
• Cayuse: a horse or pony (a Chinook term)
• Conks: fruiting bodies of fungus in rotting wood
• Corks: short, sharp spikes set in the soles of shoes
• Crotch line: a device for loading logs onto railroad cars
• Crown fire: a forest fire that reaches into the tops of trees
• Deacon seat: a bench, made from a large log split lengthwise, running the length of a bunkhouse
• Dehorn: a term for an alcoholic beverage, particularly moonshine, borrowed from the jargon of the Wobblies
• Donkey: a stationary multiple drum machine, powered by steam until the prevalence of the combustion engine
• Drag day: the point in the work month when a man can get an advance on his wages
• Driving pitch: high water suitable from driving logs down a river
• Duplex: a stationary engine that both assembles (yards) and loads logs
• Gandy dancer: a pick-and-shovel man
• Gin pole: a short spar, used for loading and unloading logs
• Gyppo: contract work (or worker), measured by the inch or bushel for example, or by the mile in the case of a truck driver
• Hardtack outfit: a company running a logging camp which provides substandard food (derived from the cheap and long-lasting cracker or bread of the same name)
• Hayburner: a horse
• Highball: to hurry
• Hiyu: plenty, large, enough
• Homeguard: a long-time employee of a company
• Hoot-nanny: a small device used to hold a crosscut saw while sawing a log from the bottom up
• Ink slinger: a logging camp timekeeper
• Iron burner: the camp blacksmith
• Jagger: a sliver of wire
• Jerk wire: a line attached to the whistle on a yarding donkey, by which a young man (a punk) blows starting and stopping signals
• King snipe: the boss of a track-laying crew
• Klooch: a woman (Chinook)
• Long logger: a logger working in the fir and redwood country of the Western U.S., where logs were often cut in lengths up to 40 feet
• Macaroni: sawdust
• Memaloose: dead, or death (Chinook)
• Mulligan car: a railroad car where lunch is served
• Nosebag: a lunch bucket
• Nosebag show: a camp where the midday meal is taken to the woods in lunch buckets
• Packing a balloon: carrying one's blankets
• Packing a card: to be a member of a union, such as the Wobblies
• Peavey (also known as cant dog): a tool with a sharp point and a movable hook on it, used on a river to create leaverage when moving floating logs
• Pecker pole: a small tree, often found in the understory of old growth
• Potlatch: a social gathering (a Chinook term)
• Pulaski: a thick-handled tool with oval eye used as a combination axe and hoe, named after its inventor
• Schoolmarm: a log or tree that is forked, stable in river driving because it does not roll easily
• Short staker (or boomer): a worker who quits after earning a small sum
• Skidroad: formerly the path over which oxen pulled logs; it came to mean the part of a city where loggers congregate
• Skookum: strong, stout, brave (Chinook)
• Snoose: damp snuff or chewing tobacco
• Snubber: a device for braking sleighs as they descend steep hills
• Sougan: a heavy woolen blanket
• Swedish fiddle: a crosscut saw
• Tillicum: a Chinook term used also by loggers to mean a man, ordinarily a friend
• Tin pants: waterproof clothing worn by loggers in the rainy Pacific Northwest
• Tyee logger: from the Chinook term meaning a chief, hence the head of a logging operation

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of lumberjack jargon."

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Poker jargon

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The large and growing jargon of poker includes many terms. This set of pages contains brief glosses of most of the popular terms you may encounter in text or over the table. If more than a brief gloss is required, there may be a link to a more complete article on the topic. Though space is not an issue here, the list has been trimmed to primarily those poker-specific terms one might find in poker texts or in common use in casinos. Not included here are those terms whose meanings are obvious or not specifically poker-related, those that are too regional, and those that are just obvious variations of words covered here. Various poker hands have been given many names, and these are listed in Slang poker hand names. Names of games are covered in the description of each game under Poker variants. Finally, this is not meant to be formal dictionary; precise usage details and multiple closely related senses are ommitted here in favor of concise treatment of the basics.

Alphabetical listing of poker jargon

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Poker jargon."

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Technical terminology

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Technical terminology is the specialised vocabulary of a profession or of some other activity to which a group of people dedicate significant parts of their lives (for instance, hobbies). Sometimes technical terminology is termed jargon.

Techical terminology exists in a continuum of "formality". Precise technical terms and their definitions are formally recognised, documented, and taught by educators in the field, and are similar to slang. The boundaries between formal and slang jargon, as in general English, are quite fluid, with terms sliding in and out of recognition. The relationship between formal and informal technical vocabularies is discussed in the Jargon File (which is a collection of informal jargon relating to the hacker community).

Technical terminology evolves due to the need for experts in a field to communicate with precision and brevity, and is thus unavoidable and desirable, but this often has the (usually) undesired effect of excluding those who are unfamiliar with the particular specialized language of the group. This can cause difficulties as, for example, when a patient is unable to follow the discussions of medical practitioners, and thus cannot understand their own condition and treatment. It also causes difficulties where professionals in different but related fields use different sets of specialized language and thus cannot understand each other's work - for instance, substantial amounts of duplicated research occur in cognitive psychology and human-computer interaction partly because of such difficulties. However the terms of technical terminology are used to express a great deal of information in a compact form. This makes it possible for professionals to speak to each other without having to exhaustively describe each concept; they can simply use the terms whose defintions are already known in the profession.

The term 'jargon' can, and often does, have pejorative connotations, particularly when aimed at "business culture". The marketing and public relations industries are particularly relevant here, and have made substantial contributions to the ever expanding lexicon of jargon that permeates the global business environment.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Technical terminology."

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Synonyms within Context: Jargon

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Commercial Usage: Jargon

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Use in Literature: Jargon

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Usage Frequency: Jargon

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Jargon

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Jargon

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Modern Translation: Jargon

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Ancestral Language Translations: Jargon

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Derivations & Misspellings: Jargon

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Rhyming with "Jargon"

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Anagrams: Jargon

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