Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Harden |
HardenVerb1. Become hard or harder; "The wax hardened". 2. Make hard or harder; "The cold hardened the butter". 3. Harden by reheating and cooling in oil; "temper steel". 4. Make fit; "This trip will season even the hardiest traveller". 5. Cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate; "He was inured to the cold". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "harden" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Synonyms: HardenSynonyms: inure (v), season (v), temper (v). (additional references) |
| Antonym: soften (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Enmity | Verb: be inimical; Adjective: keep at arm's length, hold at arm's length; be at loggerheads; bear malice; fall out; take umbrage; harden the heart, alienate, estrange. |
Hardness | Verb: render hard. Adjective: harden, stiffen, indurate, petrify, temper, ossify, vitrify; accrust. |
Impenitence | Verb: be impenitent; Adjective: steel the heart, harden the heart; die game, die and make no sign, die unshriven, die without benefit of clergy. |
Impulse | Habituate, inure, harden, season, caseharden; accustom, familiarize; naturalize, acclimatize; keep one's hand in; train; (educate). |
Insensibility | Inure; harden the heart; steel, caseharden, sear. |
Strength | Render strong; Adjective: give strength; Noun: strengthen, invigorate, brace, nerve, fortify, sustain, harden, case harden, steel, gird; screw up, wind up, set up; gird up one's loins, brace up one's loins; recruit, set on one's legs; vivify; refresh; refect; reinforce, reenforce; (restore). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Harden yourself against subordinates. (The Ten Commandments; writing credit: J.H. Ingraham; A.E. Southon) Lighten up before your arteries harden. (Akira; writing credit: Katsuhiro tomo) | |
Song Titles | Harden My Heart (performing artist: Quaterflash) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | [Komura A. Harden, M.D.] / P.Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by Scurlock.. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe | Human beings, by change, renew, rejuvenate ourselves; otherwise we harden. |
Theodore Parker | Wealth and want equally harden the human heart, like frost and fire both are alien to human flesh. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Gallstones form when substances in the bile harden. (references) | |
Ultrasonography can be used in infants before the bones of the skull harden and close. (references) | ||
Sealants are painted on as a liquid and quickly harden to form a shield over the tooth. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Harden" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 55.69% of the time. "Harden" is used about 246 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 55.69% | 137 | 27,138 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 44.31% | 109 | 31,132 |
| Total | 100.00% | 246 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "harden" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Harden | Last name | 11,000 | 1,123 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "harden": case harden ♦ Harden City ♦ harden off ♦ harden one's heart ♦ harden oneself ♦ harden the heart ♦ harden up ♦ To harden the neck. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "harden": Harden-jones. | |
Ending with "harden": age-harden, face-harden, Hammer-harden, surface-harden. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
harden furniture | 161 |
marcia gay harden | 141 |
harden | 122 |
harden rich | 78 |
mike harden | 26 |
marcia harden | 21 |
harden my heart | 13 |
ace harden | 13 |
faucet harden | 12 |
johnny harden | 12 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "harden"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | ngurtësoj (congeal, petrify, solidify, stiffen), ngurtësohet, ngrin (ice up), ngrihet (bristle, flow, heave, lift off), mpikset (bind, cake, coagulate, jell, jellify, jelly), kalit (anneal, quench, season, temper, toughen), forcoj (back, bake, brace and bit, cement, consolidate, cultivate, increase the strength, invigorate, potentiate, redouble, reinforce, strengthen, stretch, tighten, toughen), forcohem (bake, become harder, become stronger, deepen), bëhem i pashpirt, ashpërsohem (become harsh, coarsen). (various references) | |
Arabic | نشط (activate, active, animate, bestir oneself, brisk, buoyant, elevate, ginger, hum, invigorate, live, liven, pep up, perk up, pick up, practising, pushing, quick, quicken, reactivate, rekindle, revive, rouse, stimulate, stringent, strong, vivify, waken), قوى (anneal, be fortified, be more powerful, become mighty, become stronger, beefy, boost, brace, cogent, confirm, consolidate, enforce, fasten, fibrous, fortify, freshen, great, grow stronger, hefty, heighten, help, heroic, in power, innervate, intensify, invigorate, nerve, prop, reinforce, sinew, stiffen, strengthen, support, sustain, tighten), قسى (braze, chill, stiffen, tighten, toughen), حجر (congeal, fossilize, petrify, quarantine, scree, sear, send, stone, transfix), تحمل المشاق, صلب (adamant, aguish, callosity, callous, cast iron, concrete, consolidate, corneous, cross oneself, crucifixion, crucify, cruel, firm, horny, inflexible, loin, metallic, out and out, persistent, ramrod, resistant, rigid, robust, sear, solid, solidary, stabile, stark, stiff, stiffen, stubborn, temper, tenacious, tough, unkind, unyielding), إخشوشن (rough, shrivel). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | ставам груб (roughen), стабилизирам се, втвърдявам (cake, calcify, concrete, congeal, cure, fasten, firm, fix, indurate, knit, set, solidify), ожесточавам се, определям се, заяквам (become stronger, blow harder, improve, thrive, toughen), затвърдявам (cement, consolidate, establish, fortify, knock home), закоравявам (indurate), закалявам (anneal, case harden, draw, quench, season, set up, steel, toughen), добивам студен израз. (various references) | |
Chinese | 硬化 (hardened, hardening, sclerosis), 板結 , 使硬化 . (various references) | |
Czech | ztvrdnout (petrify, solidify), ztuhnout (concrete, freeze, petrify, solidify, stiffen), zkalit (trouble), zatvrdit (indurate, steel), otužit. (various references) | |
Danish | stoerre emner gennemhaerder ikke laengere,i enmets indre dannes bainit og perlit (specimens of larger dimensions do not harden through completely: in the center of the specimen bainite is formed and pearlite), kernehaerdning for at kornforfine kernematerialet (harden the core to refine the microstructure of the core), cementere (to face harden), blindhaerdning for at fastlaegge kernestyrken (blank harden to ascertain the strength of the core), belægge med stål (to face harden). (various references) | |
Dutch | temperen (annealing, blend, mingle, mix, moderate, shuffle, temper), stalen (of steal, steal, temper), harden (abide, curing, endurance training, endure, hardening, setting, temper, tempering, toughening). (various references) | |
Esperanto | hardi (temper). (various references) | |
Faeroese | herða (temper). (various references) | |
Farsi | ماسیدن (Congeal, Jell), مشکل کردن , تبدیل به جسم جامدکردن , سخت کردن (Intensify, Ossify), سخت شدن . (various references) | |
Finnish | terästää (steel), paaduttaa, kovettaa, koveta (become hard, become solid), koventaa (increase, make harder, make heavier), karkaista (temper, to face harden), karaista (inure, steel, steel one's heart, temper). (various references) | |
French | durcir (to harden), tremper (to harden), endurcir. (various references) | |
German | härten (baking, curing, harden up, hardening, hardnesses, indurate, quenching, severities, temper, to cure, to indurate, toughen), verhärten (hardening, to face harden), stählen (inure, season, temper, toughen), abhärten (harden oneself, inure, temper, toughen, toughen up). (various references) | |
Greek | σκληρύνω (calcify, petrify, steel, stiffen, toughen), σκληραίνω (temper, to quench, toughen). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לקשות (be difficult, be harsh, solidify), לחסם (forge, temper), ל"תקשות (ossify, set, toughen), ל"תחשל (become forged), ל"קשיח (stiffen, toughen), ל"קשות (stiffen, toughen), לסמר (nail, rivet, stiffen). (various references) | |
Hungarian | megkeményedik (to cake, to concrete, to consolidate, to get hard, to grow hard, to harden, to stiffen, to toughen), megkeményít (stiffen, to harden, to sear, to sere, to stiffen, to toughen, toughen), megerõsít (approve, attach, beef up, brace, confirm, consolidate, corroborate, defilade, depose, fasten, fix, fortify, homologate, man, reinforce, strengthen, underpin, uphold, verify, vouch). (various references) | |
Indonesian | menjadi keras, membajakan (stell), gembleng (forge, train, united, welded into). (various references) | |
Irish | cruaigh. (various references) | |
Italian | rassodare (bind), indurirsi (bake, stiffen, toughen), indurire (case harden, endurance training, hardening, stiffen, toughen). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 固める (to fortify, to freeze, to harden). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | し"る (to harden, to stiffen), ねりかためる (to harden by kneading), ひかたまる (to dry and harden), ふみしめる (to harden by treading, to step firmly), つち'かためる (to harden earth into a mass), かたまる (to become certain, to become firm, to harden, to solidify), かためる (to fortify, to freeze, to harden), か"" (acclamation, completely drying up, dry and harden, jubilation, lagoon, salt lake), やき'いれる (to discipline, to harden, to temper, to torture). (various references) | |
Korean | 강하게 하십시". (various references) | |
Manx | creoiaghey (anneal, hardening, stiffen). (various references) | |
Maya | dzu'uychah (to harden). (various references) | |
Norwegian | herde, gjøre hard. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ardenhay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | endurecer (bronze, cake, coarsen, indurate, sear, set, stiffen, to face harden, toughen). (various references) | |
Romanian | se întãri (cake, firm, intensify, recover tone, steady, stiffen, toughen), oţeli (reinforce, steel, strengthen, temper), cãli (anneal, attemper, caseharden, chill, indurate, steel, strengthen, temper), învârtoşa (caseharden), întãri (bind, bond, brace, bracket, confirm, consolidate, corroborate, enforce, entrench, fix, fortify, indurate, invigorate, nerve, recruit, reinforce, screw, season, stay, steady, steel, stiffen, strengthen, stress, tone up), înãspri (aggravate, embitter, roughen, sharpen, steel, worsen), împietri (caseharden, palsy, sear, stone). (various references) | |
Russian | твердеть (be hardened, caseharden, concrete, stales). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | stvrdnuti (bake, indurate), očvrsnuti (enure, inure, solidify), ščvrsnuti. (various references) | |
Spanish | endurecerse (cake, pack, stiffen, toughen, toughen up), endurecer (bake, bind, cake, inure, ossify, sear, set, stiffen, toughen, toughen up). (various references) | |
Swedish | hårdna (get hard), härda sig. (various references) | |
Thai | ทำให้ใจแข็ง, ทำให้แข็ง. (various references) | |
Turkish | yükselmek (arise, ascend, be in the ascendant, be in the ascendent, climb, develop, escalate, flow, gain, get one's promotion, go up, heighten, improve, Louden, nose up, rear up, rise, scale up, soar, steepen, step up, sublime, swell, tower, upheave, upsurge, work one's way up), sertleştirmek (anneal, cure, indurate, sharpen, size, solidify, steel, stiffen, temper, toughen), sertleşmek (become hard, become tough, freshen, freshen up, get a hard on, have a hard on, indurate, solidify, stiffen, temper, tighten, tighten up, toughen), sağlamlaştırmak (cement, consolidate, consolidation, fasten down, firm, make fast, make firm, reinforce, secure, solidify, stabilize, strengthen), pekiştirmek (cement, consolidate, establish, firm, impact, intensify, reinforce, solidify, stiffen), katılaştırmak (concrete, deaden, fixate, indurate, ossify, sear, sinter, solidify, stiffen, toughen), kapılmak (abandon oneself, be drawn to smb., be overcome by, be overcome with, be possessed by, be possessed with, be seized with, be taken with, fall in, give free rein to, give rein to, give way, sink into, slide into, surrender), duygusuzlaştırmak (deaden, indurate, numb), duygusuzlaşmak (callous), denge kurmak, artmak (accrete, accrue, advance, ascend, augment, be left, be left over, deepen, duplicate, go up, heighten, increase, mount up, multiply, remain, rise, scale up, soar, step up, swell, wax), alıştırmak (accommodate, accustom, addict, adjust, attune, break in, condition, conform, dovetail, enure, exercise, familiarize, habituate, inure, regrind, school, season, train), acımasızlaşmak. (various references) | |
Turkmen | gatamak (grow stale), bekemek (strengthen). (various references) | |
Ukranian | робити твердим (braze, solidify), озлоблятися, закріпляти (allocate, anchor, back, belay, clamp, dog, secure), загартовувати. (various references) | |
Welsh | caledu (dry). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | congelo, corrobora, corroborandum, corroborari, corroborasset, corroboratusque, corroboravit, corroboret, dora, dura, durantur, durare, duratur, duro, firma, firmabat, firmabis, firmabit, firmabitur, firmabo, firmaboque, firmans, firmantur, firmaret, firmas, firmasti, firmat, firmata, firmati, firmatum, firmatur, firmaverit, firmaverunt, firmavit, firmavitque, firmentur, firmetur, firmo. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Hebrews Chapter 3, Verse 8 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Mh sklhrunhte taV kardiaV umwn wV en tw parapikrasmw kata thn hmeran tou peirasmou en th erhmw |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nolite obdurare corda vestra sicut in exacerbatione secundum diem temptationis in deserto |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | As in wraththing, lijk the dai of temptacioun in desert; |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Harden not youre hertes after the rebellyon in the daye of temptacion in the wildernes |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness: |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Be not hard of heart, as when you made me angry, on the day of testing in the waste land, |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Hebrews Chapter 3, Verse 8 |
| Bulgarian | А против кои негодува четиридесет години? Не против ония ли, които съгрешиха, и чиито трупове паднаха в пустинята? |
| Cebuano | ayaw ninyo pagahia ang inyong mga kasingkasing ingon niadtong pagpangsupil nila batok kanako, sa adlaw sa pagpanulay didto sa kamingawan, |
| Chinese | 就 不 可 硬 著 心 、 像 在 野 惹 他 發 ' 、 試 探 他 的 時 候 一 樣 ． |
| Croatian | ne budite srca tvrda kao u Pobuni, kao u dan iskušenja u pustinji |
| Danish | da forhærder ikke eders Hjerter, som det skete i Forbitrelsen, på Fristelsens Dag i Ørkenen, |
| Dutch | Zo verhardt uw harten niet, gelijk het geschied is in de verbittering, ten dage der verzoeking, in de woestijn; |
| Finnish | älkää paaduttako sydämiänne, niinkuin teitte katkeroituksessa, kiusauksen päivänä erämaassa, |
| French | N`endurcissez pas vos coeurs, comme lors de la révolte, Le jour de la tentation dans le désert, |
| German | so verstocket eure Herzen nicht, wie geschah in der Verbitterung am Tage der Versuchung in der Wüste, |
| Haitian Creole | pa kenbe tèt ak li, menm jan zansèt nou yo te fè l', lè yo te chache kont ak Bondye a, tankou lè, nan dezè a, yo te vle wè jouk ki bò Bondye ye ak yo. |
| Hungarian | Meg ne keményítsétek a ti szíveteket, mint az elkeseredéskor, a kísértés ama napján a pusztában, |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | janganlah kamu berkeras kepala, seperti leluhurmu, ketika mereka memberontak terhadap Allah, dan menguji Allah di padang pasir. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | janganlah kamu mengeraskan hatimu seperti pada masa Penggusaran, pada hari pencobaan di padang belantara itu, |
| Italian | non indurite i vostri cuori come nel giorno della ribellione, il giorno della tentazione nel deserto, |
| Korean | 노 하 심 을 격 동 하 여 광 야 에 서 시 험 하 던 때 와 같 이 너 희 마 음 을 강 퍅 케 하 지 말 라 |
| Latvian | Neapcietiniet savas sirdis kâ sarûgtinâjuma un kârdinâðanas dienâ tuksnesî. |
| Maori | Kaua e whakapakeketia o koutou ngakau, kei pera me o te whakatoinga, i te ra o te whakamatautauranga i te koraha: |
| Modern Greek | μη σκληρυνητε τας καρδιας σας ως εν τω παραπικρασμω κατα την ημεραν του πειρασμου εν τη ερημω, |
| Norwegian | da forherd ikke eders hjerter som ved forbitrelsen, på fristelsesdagen i ørkenen, |
| Portuguese | não endureçais os vossos corações, como na provocação, no dia da tentação no deserto, |
| Rumanian | nu vq kmpietriyi inimile, ca kn ziua rqzvrqtirii, ca kn ziua ispitirii kn pustie, |
| Russian | ОЕ ПЦЕУФПЮЙФЕ УЕТ"Е" ЧБЫЙИ, ЛБЛ ЧП ЧТЕНС ТП ПФБ, Ч "ЕОШ ЙУЛХЫЕОЙС Ч ХУФЩОЕ, |
| Shuar | nakittsuk shiir anturkatarum. Israer-shuar yaunchu aents atsamunam wekainiak Yus taman nakitrar Yúsan nekapsar akajkarmiayi. |
| Spanish | no endurezcáis vuestros corazones como en la provocación, en el día de la prueba en el desierto, |
| Swahili | msiifanye mioyo yenu kuwa migumu kama wazee wenu walivyokuwa wakati walipomwasi Mungu; kama walivyokuwa siku ile kule jangwani, |
| Swedish | mån I icke förhärda edra hjärtan, såsom när de förbittrade mig på frestelsens dag i öknen, |
| Thai | อย่าให้จิตใจของท่านแข็งกระ"้างไปอย่างในครั้งกบฏนั้น เหมือนอย่างในวันที่ถูกท"ลองในถิ่นทุรกัน"าร |
| Ukrainian | не робіть затверділими ваших сердець, як під час нарікань, за дня випробовування на пустині, |
| Uma | neo' nipakatu'a nono-ni hewa ntu'a-ni owi, to nakeni nabi Musa malai ngkai tana' Mesir. Ntu'a-ni owi mposapuaka Alata'ala pai' rasori-i hi papada to wao' raponciloi-ki kamosabara-na. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "harden": hardened, hardener, hardeners, hardening, hardenings, hardens. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "harden": reharden, superharden. (additional references) | |
Words containing "harden": rehardened, rehardening, rehardens, superhardened, superhardening, superhardens. (additional references) | |
| |
"Harden" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: carden, Cheryden, haden, hafde, haldyn, Hardden, hardner, Hardon, hardoon, Hardup, haredi, hareen, haren, hearde, Hebridena, heden, heeden, Henden, herdin, heredem, Herend, Hergen, hersen, herten, hordein, horten, Hradec, Hujredin, hurdian, Khaldun, marden, Nardin, rarden, sarsden, yarden. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "harden" (pronounced hÄ"rdun) |
| 5 | -Ä" r d u n | garden, pardon. |
| 4 | -r d u n | cordon, Jordan, warden. |
| 3 | -d u n | abandon, bedridden, beholden, broaden, burden, deaden, downtrodden, embolden, forbidden, gladden, golden, hidden, Holden, laden, leaden, Linden, Loden, Louden, madden, maiden, menhaden, Myrmidon, olden, overburden, overridden, prekindergarten, prostaglandin, redden, ridden, sadden, sodden, Soldan, sudden, tendon, unburden, widen, wooden. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-d-e-h-n-r" | |
-1 letter: denar, hared, heard, redan. | |
-2 letters: dare, darn, dean, dear, earn, hade, haed, haen, hand, hard, hare, head, hear, herd, hern, nard, near, nerd, rand, read, rend, rhea. | |
-3 letters: and, ane, are, dah, den, ear, edh, end, era, ern, had, hae, hen, her, nae, nah, rad, rah, ran, red. | |
-4 letters: ad, ae, ah, an, ar, de, ed, eh, en, er, ha, he, na, ne, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d-e-h-n-r" | |
+1 letter: endarch, handier, handler, hardens, herdman, ranched, unheard. | |
+2 letters: adherend, adherent, adhering, anchored, antherid, branched, chandler, cranched, dakerhen, endarchy, forehand, freehand, handlers, handover, hangared, hankered, hardened, hardener, hardline, hardness, hardnose, harkened, herdsman, inarched, neatherd, orphaned, overhand, redshank, rehandle, rehanged, reharden, swanherd, unhaired, unharmed, unshared, unthread, verandah. | |
+3 letters: adherence, adherends, adherents, anhydride, anhydrite, antherids, apprehend, archfiend, chagrined, chandlers, chandlery, chlordane, craunched, dakerhens, forehands, garnished, greenhead, hagridden, handlebar, handovers, handpress, handsomer, handwrite, handwrote, harangued, hardeners, hardening, hardiment, hardiness, hardnoses, harnessed, harpooned, harshened, headliner, hearkened, heartened, heartland, heralding, herniated, hindrance, hoarsened, husbander, hydrangea, hydrazine, inearthed, neatherds, nephridia, overhands, philander, printhead, rechanged, redshanks, rehandled, rehandles, rehardens, rhodamine, sharpened, swanherds, tarnished, threadfin, threading, uncharged, uncharted, underhand, unearthed, unhandier, unreached, unthreads, varnished, verandahs. | |
+4 letters: achondrite, adherences, adherently, admonisher, anhydrides, anhydrites, antheridia, apprehends, archdeacon, archfiends, backhander, barehanded, beforehand, blandisher, brandished, brandishes, chagrinned, chairmaned, chandelier, chaperoned, chargehand, chlordanes, coanchored, decahedron, disenthral, dishearten, dragonhead, dunderhead, earthbound, enchiridia, encroached, endarchies, enravished, enthralled, enwreathed, fatherland, forehanded, franchised, freehanded, garnisheed, greenheads, handlebars, handworker, handwrites, hardenings, hardhanded, hardiments, hardnesses, harmonised, harmonized, headhunter, headliners, headspring, headstrong, heartlands, heavenward, hexahedron, hibernated, highlander, hindrances, hinterland, husbanders, hydrangeas, hydrazines, hydrophane, hydroplane, inbreathed, ingathered, inthralled, ironhanded, landholder, longhaired, maidenhair, merchanted, motherland, nephridial, octahedron, overhanded, overhandle, panhandler, parenthood, pathfinder, pentahedra, philanders, printheads, radiophone, rainwashed, rebranched, rehandling, rehardened, relaunched, rhodamines, scherzando, springhead, subtrahend, threadfins, threatened, unanchored, unbranched, underneath, unfathered, unhampered, unheralded, unravished, unthreaded, unwreathed, verandahed, wardenship. | |
+5 letters: achondrites, admonishers, antheridial, antheridium, apprehended, archdeacons, backhanders, blackhander, blandishers, brainwashed, cantharides, chairmanned, chandeliers, chandleries, chargehands, chlorinated, decahedrons, dehydrating, dehydration, diachronies, disenthrall, disenthrals, disheartens, downhearted, dragonheads, draughtsmen, dreadnought, dunderheads, fatherlands, grandfather, grandmother, grandnephew, haggardness, handbreadth, handcrafted, handicapper, handpresses, handworkers, handwringer, handwritten, handyperson, harbingered, hardinesses, harebrained, headhunters, headsprings, heavenwards, heparinized, hexahedrons, highlanders, hindquarter, hinterlands, husbandries, hydralazine, hydrogenase, hydrogenate, hydrophanes, hydroplaned, hydroplanes, icosahedron, ironhearted, kindhearted, landholders, lionhearted, maidenhairs, merchandise, merchandize, monographed, motherlands, neanderthal, nearsighted, octahedrons, openhearted, overhanding, overhandled, overhandles, panhandlers, parenthoods, pathfinders, pentahedral, pentahedron, philandered, philanderer, philodendra, radiophones, rechanneled, refashioned, rehardening, rehumanized, rehydrating, rehydration, reinhabited, rethreading, roundheaded, scherzandos, servanthood, shorthanded, springheads, subtrahends, superharden, tetrahedron, threadiness, thunderclap, thunderhead, transhipped, transshaped, unchartered, undercharge, underhanded, ungarnished, unharnessed, unharvested, unrehearsed, untarnished, unthreading, unvarnished, unweathered, wardenships, wrongheaded. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)48 61 72 64 65 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).... .- .-. -.. . -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001000 01100001 01110010 01100100 01100101 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)H a r d e n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0048 0061 0072 0064 0065 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)426784707180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Names: Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Translations: Ancient 15. Bible Trace 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Orthography 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
