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Definition: Era |
EraNoun1. A period marked by distinctive character or reckoned from a fixed point or event. 2. A major division of geological time; an era is usually divided into two or more periods. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
"Era" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a lady mistress". |
Date "era" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1550. (references) |
Etymology: Era \E"ra\, noun; plural Eras. [from Late Latin expression aera an era, in earlier usage, the items of an account, counters, plural of aes, aeris, brass, money. See Ore.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Era n. Syn. epoch. Webster's Unabridged makes these words almost synonymous, but `era' more often connotes a span of time rather than a point in time, whereas the reverse is true for epoch. The epoch usage is recommended. Source: Jargon File. |
Industry | A strong, white, wild silk from East India, Assam, and Pakistan, yielded by the Attacus ricini silkworm. It is uneven and coarse and resembles Tussah silk. . . . Also spelled -- or --. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | The formal geochronologic unit next in order of magnitude below an eon, during which the rocks of the corresponding erathem were formed; e.g., the Paleozoic Era, the Mesozoic Era, and the Cenozoic Era. Each of these includes two or more periods, during each of which a system of rocks was formed. Long-recognized Precambrian Eras are the Archeozoic (older) andProterozoic (younger). (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In baseball statistics, the earned run average (denoted by ERA) is the mean of earned runs given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by multiplying the number of earned runs allowed by nine, and dividing by the number of innings pitched.Henry Chadwick is credited with first devising the statistic. It caught on as a measure of pitching effectiveness after relief pitching came into vogue in the 1900s. Prior to the 1900s, every pitcher was expected to pitch a complete game (and, in fact, for many years afterward). After pitchers like Otis Crandall and Charlie Hall made names for themselves as relief specialists, gauging a pitcher's effectiveness became more difficult using the traditional method of tabulating wins and losses. The National League first kept official earned run average statistics in 1912 (the statistic was called "Heydler's Statistic" for a while, after then-NL secretary John Heydler), with the American League following suit afterward.
Modern-day baseball encyclopedias give ERAs for earlier years, of course, but these were computed after the fact. Negro League pitchers are often rated by "RA", or total runs allowed, since the statistics available for Negro League games did not always distinguish between earned and unearned runs.
As with batting average, the value of a good ERA varies from year to year. In the 1910s, a good ERA was below 2.00 (two earned runs allowed per nine innings). In the late 1920s and 1930s, as might be expected, a good ERA was below 4.00; only a pitcher of the caliber of Dazzy Vance or Lefty Grove would post an ERA under 3.00 consistently during those years. In the 1960s, sub-2.00 ERAs returned. Today, an ERA under 4.00 is again considered exceptional, although pitchers like Pedro Martinez and Greg Maddux stand out today as Grove and Vance did in their day.
The all-time single-season record for lowest ERA in a season is 0.86, set by Tim Keefe in 1880. The modern record is 1.12, set by Bob Gibson in 1968. The lowest single-season ERA of an active pitcher is 1.56, achieved by Greg Maddux in 1994. The career record is 1.82, held by Ed Walsh, and the active player with the lowest career ERA is Pedro Martinez with an ERA of 2.62 through the 2002 season.
In modern baseball, an ERA under 2.00 is considered exceptional and is rare. An ERA between 2.00 and 3.00 is also considered great and is only achieved by the best pitchers in the league. ERA between 3.00 and 4.00 is above-average. An ERA between 4.00 and 5.00 is average; the majority of pitchers have an ERA in this range. An ERA above 5.00 is generally considered below-average, and a pitcher with an ERA above 6.00 for a prolonged period of time is usually in danger of losing his job.
It can be misleading to judge relief pitchers solely on their ERA, since a pitcher is responsible only for the runs scored by batters who reach base off them. If a relief pitcher enters the game, with his team leading by one run and with 2 outs in the inning, with the bases loaded, and gives up a single which scores two runs, he is not charged with those runs. If he retires the next batter, his ERA for that game would be 0.00, despite having surrendered the lead.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Earned run average."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
See also: ERA (disambiguation page).An era is a (usually lengthy) period of time with common characteristics. For example: -- the Biblical era, the Roman era, the Elizabethan era, the Victorian era . Era is also popularly used to denote the passing of shorter periods, such as the Big Band era, Disco era. Something like the death of Frank Sinatra is called the end of an era. (see also: period)
In Geology, era refers to four well defined time spans covering the history of the Earth. From oldest to youngest, these are the Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras.
Calendar era
In a calendar, the era is the date from which years in the calendar are counted. For example, in the Gregorian and Julian calendars, dates are measured from the beginning of the Christian era. There are many different calendar era systems. Some are listed below along with the abbreviations. (see also: History of Dating in the Christian World)
- CE - meaning Common Era, which is used in the Gregorian calendar to mean the same thing as A.D., but without the religious connotation. Year 1 is the beginning of the Christian era.
- A.D. - for the Latin Anno Domini, meaning in the year of the Lord. Years are counted from the beginning of the Christian Era. A.D. is used in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The years are equivalent to years in the Common Era.
- Note: Years are numbered the same in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, but the calendars are not identical. To distinguish between them, O.S. and N.S. were often added to the date, especially during the 17th and 18th centuries, when both calendars were in common use. O.S. or Old Style was used for the Julian calendar. N.S. or New Style was used for the Gregorian calendar.
- A.C., B.C. and B.C.E. - for the Latin Ante Christum, the English Before Christ and Before Common Era, respectively. In all cases, years count backward from the year 1 A.D. or, equivalently, 1 CE. Note that there is no year "0". (Note: There is a year 0 if negative numbers are used, so that the year -25 CE is the same as the year 26 BCE)
- A.U.C. - for the Latin Ab Urbe Condita, meaning from the founding of the city. Used in the Roman calendar, which began with the founding of Rome. The beginning of the Christian era was 753 A.U.C., so that the year 2003 C.E. is the same as the year 2756 A.U.C.
- A.M. - for the Latin Anno Mundi, meaning year of the world. This is used in the Hebrew calendar which counts years from the creation of the world, which is assumed to have taken place in the year 3761 B.C.E.
- A.H. - for the Latinized Anno Hegirae, meaning years since the Hijrah, Prophet Muhammad's migration from Makkah to Madinah in September 622 C.E., which is taken to be the beginning of the Muslim era. This is used in the Islamic calendar. (Note that, since the Islamic calendar is a lunar calendar, years are shorter than years in solar calendars.)
- Japanese eras began with the ascension of an emperor. The most recent eras are:
- Meiji Era began in 1868. (the emperor was Mutsuhito)
- Taisho Era began in 1912. (the emperor was Yoshihito)
- Showa Era began in 1926 (the emperor was Hirohito)
- Heisei Era began in 1989 (the emperor is Akihito)
- Chinese era names or Nian Hao
- Bahá'i Era (abbreviated B.E.) - beginning 21 March 1844 CE. Used in the Bahai calendar.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Era."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
ERA is an abbreviation for several different things, including:
- the Equal Rights Amendment, a proposed, but unratified, Constitutional amendment in United States
- Earned run average, a baseball statistic
- Engineering Research Associates, a pioneering computer firm from the 1950s
- Academy of European Law Trier
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "ERA."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Era name was an East Asian imperial practice of numbering years in an emperor's reign. It originated as a motto or slogan chosen by a the emperor. Different East Asian countries utilized slightly different systems:
- Chinese era name
- Japanese era name
- Korean era name
- Vietnamese era name
External link
- Comparative timeline of Chinese, Japanese and Korean historical events
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Era name."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. year name) is a common calendar scheme used in Japan to count years. For example, 2003 is Heisei 15 years.Like similar systems in East Asia, the era name system was originally derived from Chinese Imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent from the Chinese or Korean calendar systems. Unlike other similar systems, the Japanese era name is still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers.
Sometimes an era name is expressed with the first letter of romanized name. For example, S55 means Showa 55 years. With 64 years, Showa is the longest era as of 2003.
Modern Era Names
With the modernization of Japan after the ascension of the Meiji Emperor and now under current Japanese law since 1979, it has become practice to change era names only upon occasion of imperial succession. Also, the deceased emperor will thereafter be referred to as his corresponding era name posthumously. Under current law, only males can assume the throne.
In the Japanese language, the current emperor on the throne is almost always referred to as Tennō Heika (天皇陛下, His Majesty the Emperor) or rarely and less formally as Kinjō Tennō (今上天皇, current emperor) and even more rarely, if ever by his name Akihito. To call the current emperor by the current era name Heisei even in English would be a faux pas as it is will be his posthumous name. This causes great confusion not only in other languages, but also for Japanese as he is known throughout the world only as Akihito. Also, his father the 124th emperor is called Hirohito throughout the world, but is always called the Showa Emperor in Japan.
In modern practice, the first year of a reign (元年 gannen) starts immediately upon the emperor's ascension to the throne, but always ends on December 31st. Subsequent years follow the Western calendar. Consequently, 1989 is known as both "Showa 64" and "Heisei 1", although technically Showa 64 ended on January 7th with Hirohito's death.
Historic Era Names
Historically however, prior to the Meiji Restoration, era names were changed on many different occasions such as celebration, major political incidents, natural disasters, and so on, but the emperors posthumous name never took the name of an era. Incidently, on modern official papers, those who were born prior to the Meiji era did not write the era name in which they born, but wrote Edo period (though now no one born over 130 years ago in that time period is still alive now).
Conversion table for eras to Gregorian calendar years:
- 645 大化 Taika
- 650 白雉 Hakuchi
- 686 朱鳥 Shuchou
- 701 大宝 Taihou
- 704 慶雲 Keiun
- 708 和銅 Wadou
- 715 霊亀 Reiki
- 717 養老 Yourou
- 724 神亀 Jinki
- 729 天平 Tenpyou
- 749 天平感宝 Tenpyou-kanpou
- 749 天平勝宝 Tenpyou-shouhou
- 757 天平宝字 Tenpyou-houji
- 765 天平神護 Tenpyou-jingo
- 767 神護景雲 Jingo-keiun
- 770 宝亀 Houki
- 781 天応 Ten'ou
- 782 延暦 Enryaku
- 806 大同 Daidou
- 810 弘仁 Kounin
- 824 天長 Tenchou
- 834 承和 Shouwa
- 848 嘉祥 Kajou
- 851 仁寿 Ninju
- 854 斉衡 Saikou
- 857 天安 Tennan
- 859 貞観 Jougan
- 877 元慶 Genkei
- 885 仁和 Ninna
- 889 寛平 Kanpyou
- 898 昌泰 Shoutai
- 901 延喜 Engi
- 923 延長 Enchou
- 931 承平 Shouhei
- 938 天慶 Tengyou
- 947 天暦 Tenryaku
- 957 天徳 Tentoku
- 961 応和 Ouwa
- 964 康保 Kouhou
- 968 安和 Anna
- 970 天禄 Tenroku
- 973 天延 Ten'en
- 976 貞元 Jougen
- 978 天元 Tengen
- 983 永観 Eikan
- 985 寛和 Kanna
- 987 永延 Eien
- 988 永祚 Eiso
- 990 正暦 Shouryaku
- 995 長徳 Choutoku
- 999 長保 Chouhou
- 1004 寛弘 Kankou
- 1012 長和 Chouwa
- 1017 寛仁 Kannin
- 1021 治安 Jian
- 1024 万寿 Manju
- 1028 長元 Chougen
- 1037 長暦 Chouryaku
- 1040 長久 Choukyuu
- 1044 寛徳 Kantoku
- 1046 永承 Eishou
- 1053 天喜 Tengi
- 1058 康平 Kouhei
- 1065 治暦 Jiryaku
- 1069 延久 Enkyuu
- 1074 承保 Jouhou
- 1077 承暦 Shouryaku
- 1081 永保 Eihou
- 1084 応徳 Outoku
- 1087 寛治 Kanji
- 1094 嘉保 Kahou
- 1096 永長 Eichou
- 1097 承徳 Joutoku
- 1099 康和 Kouwa
- 1104 長治 Chouji
- 1106 嘉承 Kajou
- 1108 天仁 Tennin
- 1110 天永 Ten'ei
- 1113 永久 Eikyuu
- 1118 元永 Gen'ei
- 1120 保安 Houan
- 1124 天治 Tenji
- 1126 大治 Daiji
- 1131 天承 Tenshou
- 1132 長承 Choushou
- 1135 保延 Houen
- 1141 永治 Eiji
- 1142 康治 Kouji
- 1144 天養 Ten'you
- 1145 久安 Kyuuan
- 1151 仁平 Ninpei
- 1154 久寿 Kyuuju
- 1154 久寿 Kyuuju
- 1156 保元 Hougen
- 1159 平治 Heiji
- 1160 永暦 Eiryaku
- 1161 応保 Ouhou
- 1163 長寛 Choukan
- 1165 永万 Eiman
- 1166 仁安 Ninnan
- 1169 嘉応 Kaou
- 1171 承安 Shouan
- 1175 安元 Angen
- 1177 治承 Jishou
- 1181 養和 Youwa
- 1182 寿永 Juei
- 1184 元暦 Genryaku
- 1185 文治 Bunji
- 1190 建久 Kenkyuu
- 1199 正治 Shouji
- 1201 建仁 Kennin
- 1204 元久 Genkyuu
- 1206 建永 Ken'ei
- 1207 承元 Jougen
- 1211 建暦 Kenryaku
- 1213 建保 Kempou
- 1219 承久 Joukyuu
- 1222 貞応 Jouou
- 1224 元仁 Gennin
- 1225 嘉禄 Karoku
- 1227 安貞 Antei
- 1229 寛喜 Kanki
- 1232 貞永 Jouei
- 1233 天福 Tenpuku
- 1234 文暦 Benryaku
- 1235 嘉禎 Katei
- 1238 暦仁 Ryakunin
- 1239 延応 En'ou
- 1240 仁治 Ninji
- 1243 寛元 Kangen
- 1247 宝治 Houji
- 1249 建長 Kenchou
- 1256 康元 Kougen
- 1257 正嘉 Shouka
- 1259 正元 Shougen
- 1260 文応 Bun'ou
- 1261 弘長 Kouchou
- 1264 文永 Bun'ei
- 1275 建治 Kenji
- 1278 弘安 Kouan
- 1288 正応 Shouou
- 1293 永仁 Einin
- 1299 正安 Shouan
- 1302 乾元 Kengen
- 1303 嘉元 Kagen
- 1306 徳治 Tokuji
- 1308 延慶 Enkyou
- 1311 応長 Ouchou
- 1312 正和 Shouwa
- 1317 文保 Bunpou
- 1319 元応 Gen'ou
- 1321 元亨 Genkou
- 1324 正中 Shouchuu
- 1326 嘉暦 Karyaku
- 1329 元徳 Gentoku
- 1331 元弘 Genkou
- 1334 建武 Kenmu
- 1336 延元 Engen
- 1340 興国 Koukoku
- 1346 正平 Shouhei
- 1370 建徳 Kentoku
- 1372 文中 Bunchuu
- 1375 天授 Tenju
- 1381 弘和 Kouwa
- 1384 元中 Genchuu
- 1390 明徳 Meitoku
- 1394 応永 Ouei
- 1428 正長 Shouchou
- 1429 永享 Eikyou
- 1441 嘉吉 Kakitsu
- 1444 文安 Bunnan
- 1449 宝徳 Houtoku
- 1452 享徳 Kyoutoku
- 1455 康正 Koushou
- 1457 長禄 Chouroku
- 1460 寛正 Kanshou
- 1466 文正 Bunshou
- 1467 応仁 Ounin
- 1469 文明 Bunmei
- 1487 長享 Choukyou
- 1489 延徳 Entoku
- 1492 明応 Meiou
- 1501 文亀 Bunki
- 1504 永正 Eishou
- 1521 大永 Daiei
- 1528 享禄 Kyouroku
- 1532 天文 Tenmon
- 1555 弘治 Kouji
- 1558 永禄 Eiroku
- 1570 元亀 Genki
- 1573 天正 Tenshou - the name was suggested by Oda Nobunaga
- 1592 文禄 Bunroku
- 1596 慶長 Keichou
- 1615 元和 Genna
- 1624 寛永 Kan'ei
- 1644 正保 Shouhou
- 1648 慶安 Keian
- 1652 承応 Jouou
- 1655 明暦 Meireki
- 1658 万治 Manji
- 1661 寛文 Kanbun
- 1673 延宝 Enpou
- 1681 天和 Tenna
- 1684 貞享 Joukyou
- 1688 元禄 Genroku
- 1704 宝永 Houei
- 1711 正徳 Shoutoku
- 1716 享保 Kyouhou
- 1736 元文 Genbun
- 1741 寛保 Kanpou
- 1744 延享 Enkyou
- 1748 寛延 Kan'en
- 1751 宝暦 Houreki
- 1764 明和 Meiwa
- 1772 安永 An'ei
- 1781 天明 Tenmei
- 1789 寛政 Kansei
- 1801 享和 Kyouwa
- 1804 文化 Bunka
- 1818 文政 Bunsei
- 1830 天保 Tenpou
- 1844 弘化 Kouka
- 1848 嘉永 Kaei
- 1854 安政 Ansei
- 1860 万延 Man'en
- 1861 文久 Bunkyu
- 1864 元治 Genji
- 1865 慶応 Keio
- 1868 明治 Meiji - Mutsuhito, the Meiji Emperor
- 1912 大正 Taisho - Yoshihito, the Taisho Emperor
- 1926 昭和 Shouwa - Hirohito, the Showa emperor
- 1989 平成 Heisei - Akihito, the reigning emperor
External Links
Japanese resources:See also: calendar, Japanese calendar, era name
- http://www.meijijingu.or.jp/intro/qa/13.htm
- http://www2.plala.or.jp/kamkamkam/gimon6/gimon66/297.htm
- http://www.koubunken.co.jp/Pense/2000/02.html
- Comparative timeline of Chinese, Japanese and Korean historical events
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Japanese era name."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
ERA | Danish | Electric response audiometry | Electrical Engineering, Medicine |
ERA | Dutch | "evoked response"-audiometrie | Electrical Engineering, Medicine |
ERA | English | Europan Renal Association | N/A |
ERA | French | Audiométrie électroencéphalographique | Electrical Engineering, Medicine |
ERA | German | ERA-Audiometrie | Electrical Engineering, Medicine |
ERA | Italian | Audiometria a risposte evocate | Electrical Engineering, Medicine |
ERA | Spanish | Audiometría electroencefalográfica | Electrical Engineering, Medicine |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: EraSynonyms: epoch (n), geological era (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Instantaneity | Noun: chronometry, horometry, horology; date, epoch; style, era. |
Period | Noun: period, age, era; second, minute, hour, day, week, month, quarter, year, decade, decenniumm lustrum, quinquennium, lifetime, generation; epoch, ghurry, lunation, moon. |
Time | Era, epoch; time of life, age, year, date; decade; (period); moment; (instant). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Yes, it's a delightful Hindu concoction simmered to perfection by one of the great soup artisans in the modern era. (Seinfeld; writing credit: Andreas Lenze; Bea Schmidt) Oh dammit, George, that whole era is dead (Smiley's People; writing credit: John Hopkins; John Le Carré) My dad's from that era when you lived to 50, your heart exploded and that was that (Titus; writing credit: Karl-Heinz Käfer) Of all the Basic Applied Economic Principles of Capitalism in the Post-Industrial Era Seminars in the world, you had to walk into mine (Family Ties; writing credit: Marissa Garrido; Raimundo Lopes) | |
Lyrics | But I'll stay fitted, new era committed (Take A Look Around; performing artist: Limp Bizkit) The ending of an era and the turning of a page (My Next Thirty Years; performing artist: Tim McGraw) Era legera e come un fairy (Clementine; performing artist: Tom Lehrer) | |
Movie/TV Titles | La Colt era il suo Dio (1972) Como Era Freak (1972) Era Uma Vez... Amanhã (1972) Como Era Gostoso o Meu Francês (1971) Grande Era a Cidade Grande (1971) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Using recombinant DNA technology, a transgenic mouse has been engineered whose bone marrow is protected from the toxic effects of chemotherapy by expression of the MDR 1 gene. This animal system allows rapid screening of drugs which inhibit the multidrug transporter and heralds a new era of using transgenic animals for pharmacologic screening. Multidrug resistance resulting from expression of an energy-dependent drug efflux pump encoded by the human MDR gene is a major impediment to effective cancer therapy. Credit: Jeannie Kelly (artist). | A new golden era of space exploration and discovery began April 24, 1990 with the launch and ... Credit: NASA. | ||
![]() | Enjoying the gazebo at the Key West Garden Club gardens at the West Martello, a part of the Civil War era defenses of Key West on the south side of the island. Credit: America's Coastlines. | ![]() | Spectacular vines at the Key West Garden Club gardens at the West Martello, a part of the Civil War era defenses of Key West on the south side of the island. Note the adult arm on the right side of the photo for scale of vegetation. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
![]() | Some digestive biscuits from another era at Scott's Hut Point shelter. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. | ![]() | Figure 1. A drilled roller (round boulder) used as a sounding weight. Figure 2 . Ordinary sounding lead weight, sometimes attaining many kilograms. The lead dates from the Christian era. The trapezoidal form with a recess for tallow and acquiring bottom samples dates from a few centuries back. In this form, millio ns of sounding were made. Fig. 3. French sounding lead used in many expeditions. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
![]() | A colonial era library in a cathedral at Lima. Credit: Small World. | ![]() | From the era of witch doctor to the era of physician. / WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by Paul Almasy.. |
![]() | [Anesthesia: "A new era in tooth pulling"]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. | ![]() | Line engraving published in "Harper's Weekly", 1861, depicting the conversion of the ferry boat New Era into a "timberclad" gunboat, circa September-October 1861. The ship was renamed Essex later in the year. Credit: NAVY. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
![]() | ![]() |
| "Civil war era dance" by Loretta Humble Commentary: "Civil war era dances performed in the great room at the Cook Center, Corsicana, TX." | "Russian known hero<(?)" by Karoly Feher Commentary: "This is one of the last monument of the II. world war infected by the soviet era in Hungary. Strange but it's renovated and there are some flowers always there." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
| A heavy Romantic era work quite reminiscent of a Chopin composition. | Tenor saxophone feature in a style typical of the mid-1960's jazz era. | ||
| Staccato excerpt for piano performed in a high Classical era style. . | |||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Theodore Roosevelt | It is essential that there should be organization of labor. This is an era of organization. Capital organizes and therefore labor must organize. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | Like all that pertains to crime, it seemed never to have known a youthful era. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | All people of common sense agreed that the era of revolutions had been for ever closed by King Louis XVIII |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | In the modern era, scientists have added the tools of genetics to traditional methods of developmental neuroscience research. (references) | |
Feiken DR, Schuchat A, Kolczak M, et al. Mortality From Invasive Pneumococcal Pneumonia in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance, 1995-1997. American Journal of Public Health. (references) | ||
Although there is increasing rhetoric about the need for more client-directed care, the likelihood of providing such opportunities in an era of constrained resources seems small. (references) | ||
Business | But German-American ties extend back to the colonial era. (references) | |
The new era of real estate development can be divided into three periods. (references) | ||
It is certain that the new era of deregulated telephony will see an increased specialization in services. (references) | ||
Children | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Nonetheless, children continue to suffer disproportionately from the societal stress of the postwar era. (references) |
Russia | Families with children with disabilities received extremely low state subsidies that have not changed to reflect inflation since the Soviet era. (references) | |
Bulgaria | Policies and public attitudes prevalent during the Communist era, which separated mentally and physically disabled persons, including very young children from the rest of society, have persisted. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Yugoslavia | These stations were given advantageous frequencies during the Milosevic era. (references) |
Macedonia | In 2000 the Government proposed a draft law on information to replace existing regulations from the Communist era. (references) | |
Kazakhstan | The Government accords special treatment to ethnic Kazakhs and their families who fled during Stalin's era and wish to return. (references) | |
Economic History | Japan | The postwar era brought Japan unprecedented prosperity. (references) |
Moldova | Moldovans feel no cold war era prejudices toward Americans. (references) | |
Philippines | This period was the era of conversion to Roman Catholicism. (references) | |
Human Rights | Turkmenistan | The court system has not been reformed since the Soviet era. (references) |
Armenia | The military legal system operates essentially as it did during the Soviet era. (references) | |
Nicaragua | There were no reports of political violence against any citizens returning from civil war era self-imposed exile. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Indonesia | According to a law derived from colonial era practices, all subsurface mineral resources belong to the Government. (references) |
Angola | Property laws inherited from the colonial era protected the power of large landholders and threatened the existence of traditional communities. (references) | |
Minorities | Latvia | Owing to the Russification policy pursued during the Soviet era, ethnic Latvians constitute only 56 percent of the population, and 78 percent of citizens. (references) |
Political Economy | Palau | Members of the Olbiil Era Kelulau are elected for 4-year terms. (references) |
Ghana | The NPP government recently repealed the criminal libel law that dated back to the colonial era. (references) | |
NICARAGUA | Expropriations from the Sandinista era remain an impediment to investment, as land titling is often unclear. (references) | |
Political Rights | Palau | No women were elected to the Olbiil Era Kelulau in the 2000 election. (references) |
Indonesia | The legislative branch, which had no independence during the Soeharto era, has moved forcefully to establish its independence from the executive branch. (references) | |
Armenia | In October the first national census since the Soviet era was held; however, the results were unavailable at year's end, which has raised political concerns about the integrity of the process. (references) | |
Trade | Japan | In Japan, credit evaluation is heavily asset-based, and real estate is still favored as collateral despite the collapse of "bubble" era valuations. (references) |
Mexico | Mexico has entered a new era with the concessioning of sea and airports, railroads, satellite communications, power generation plants, and natural gas distribution systems. (references) | |
Travel | Thailand | The revelation of what Westerners regard as rampant graft, corruption, and favoritism as an integral part of Thai business and political practice, and the recognition of the great cost to society these actions have caused in the wake of the financial crisis, is causing many Thais to openly criticize, for the first time, the behavior of the privileged and powerful . Previously referred to euphemistically as "the Thai way," such favoritism was not necessarily tolerated, but not directly challenged . The new economic and social era in the making holds promise of also being fairer and more transparent . (references) |
Women | Kenya | Maendeleo Ya Wanawake, the nation's best known women's rights and welfare organization, was established as a nonpolitical NGO during the colonial era, but is aligned closely with the ruling party. (references) |
Worker Rights | New Zealand | Under the ERA, employment relationships are based on contracts. (references) |
Namibia | The apartheid era disadvantaged non-white citizens in terms of wages and standards of living. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Rush Limbaugh | The feminists really lost out forever when the ERA never went anywhere, and they've been bitter ever since. |
Victoria Principal | I come from an era where I had to do it by the seat of my pants, but I've very grateful that I'm having the opportunity to mentor younger women and nurture them and see them explore areas that weren't necessarily open to me. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | We are beginning a new era in our Government. |
Calvin Coolidge | 1923-1929 | Already we have sufficiently rearranged our domestic affairs so that confidence has returned, business has revived, and we appear to be entering an era of prosperity which is gradually reaching into every part of the Nation. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | There are many new responsibilities for us as we enter into this new international era. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | After a period of confrontation, we are entering an era of negotiation. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | In an era where the strategic nuclear forces are in rough equilibrium, the risks of conflict below the nuclear threshold may grow more perilous. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | The Act is designed to inaugurate a new era of Federal and State partnership in the planning and provision of mental health services. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | So, with all the creative energy at our command, let us begin an era of national renewal. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | Nineteen Forty-Five provided the common frame of reference the compass points of the postwar era we've relied upon to understand ourselves. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | I say again, the era of big government is over. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | And with the support of Congress, we will continue to work to provide the resources school need to fund the era of reform. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Era" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.14% of the time. "Era" is used about 2,153 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 98.14% | 2,113 | 4,115 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.86% | 40 | 54,274 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,153 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "era" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Era | First name Female | 4,000 | 1,590 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Hong Kong | Era Information & Entertainment Ltd. | United Kingdom | ERA Group PLC |
| USA | New Era of Networks Inc | ||
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
1. Era, TX |
Expressions using "era": archaeozoic era ♦ archean era ♦ Archeozoic era ♦ cenozoic era ♦ christian era ♦ common Era ♦ era of prosperity ♦ geological era ♦ glacial era ♦ mark an era ♦ mesozoic era ♦ modern era ♦ Mohammedan Era ♦ New Era ♦ palaeozoic era ♦ paleozoic era ♦ Preoterozoic era ♦ prohibition era ♦ the nuclear era ♦ the vulgar era ♦ usher in a new era. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "era": ERA-923, era-provincial, Era-wacc. | |
Ending with "era": post-era, pre-era, reagan-era. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
era | 2,448 | bramka era sms | 79 |
era real estate | 853 | era fm | 73 |
new era | 678 | era fazira | 71 |
era realty | 569 | nueva era | 70 |
new era hat | 481 | banner era | 67 |
new era cap | 438 | era mortgage | 62 |
era radio | 250 | romantic era | 61 |
victorian era | 229 | paleozoic era | 60 |
era gsm | 180 | new era baseball cap | 59 |
era lancaster new | 174 | mesozoic era | 57 |
bradford era | 167 | era music rentak terkini | 57 |
era geologicas | 166 | era reality | 55 |
era realtor | 161 | renaissance era | 54 |
era sms | 161 | era geológicas | 53 |
era aviation | 160 | era music | 52 |
kentucky new era | 139 | airline era | 52 |
progressive era | 107 | era.ericsson.se future mail man soli | 50 |
era pl | 107 | treasure from a bygone era | 47 |
era mass | 90 | era lyrics | 47 |
elizabethan era | 82 | bramka era | 45 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "era"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | tydperk (age, epoch). (various references) | |
Albanian | erë (blow, Flavor, flavour, odor, odour, scent, smack, smell, time, whiff, wind), epokë (age, chapter, cycle, day, epoch, period, time). (various references) | |
Arabic | فترة (epoch, interval, period, phase, qualifying period, season, spell, stage, term, time, while), حدث هام يستهل به عهد ما, زمان (epoch, time), عهد (ally, covenant, date, epoch, pact, period, pledge, promise, rule, testament, time), عصر (age, compress, compressing, crush, date, eon, epoch, period, press, ream, squeeze, strain, time, update, wring), التاريخ, دهر (aeon, age, eon, epoch). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | ера (period), епоха (age, chapter, date, epoch, period). (various references) | |
Chinese | 紀 (age, discipline, order, period, record), 時代 (age, epoch, period), 时代 (Eras), 年代 (a decade of a century, age, period), 代 (age, dynasty, generation, geological era, period, replace, substitute), 世 (age, generation, life, lifetime, world). (various references) | |
Czech | vìk (age), údobí (period, span), éra. (various references) | |
Danish | epoke (age, epoch). (various references) | |
Dutch | tijdsgewricht (epoch), tijdperk (epoch), týdsgewricht (age, epoch), týdrekening, týdperk (age, epoch), jaartelling (element, fragment, item, particle). (various references) | |
Esperanto | erao, epoko (age, epoch). (various references) | |
Faeroese | tíðarvend (age, epoch), tíðarbil (stadium, stage), skeið (class, course, spoon). (various references) | |
Farsi | مبدا (Offset, Offspring), تاریخ (Date, History), عهد (Avow, Clause, Covenant, Pact, Promise, Testament, Time, Vow, Word), عصرتاریخی (Epoch), عصر (Afternoon, Age, Epoch, Period), اغازتاریخ , دوره (Age, Career, Circuit, Epoch, Periphery, Set, Space, Stadium, Stretch, Term). (various references) | |
Finnish | ajanjakso (age, epoch, period), aikakausi (age, epoch, period). (various references) | |
French | époque. (various references) | |
German | epoche (age, epoch, period). (various references) | |
Greek | εποχή (age, epoch, season, time). (various references) | |
Hebrew | תור (course, epoch, line, queue, turn), תקופה (age, cycle, epoch, period, season, space, stage, streak, term, time), עת (age, period, season, term, time), דור (age, epoch, generation), ספירה (count, counting, numeration, score). (various references) | |
Hungarian | korszak (age, cycle, epoch, period, storm and stress, time), éra. (various references) | |
Indonesian | era, zaman (age), masa (epoch, period, season, tense, term), kala (epoch, period, time), abad (age, centanary, century, epoch, time). (various references) | |
Italian | era (age, Eon, he had, he was, it was), epoca (age, days, epoch, period, time). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 防衛費 (defense costs), 紀元 (A.D.), 紀元 (A.D.), 時代 (epoch, period), 時代 (epoch, period), 年代 (age, date, period), 世紀 (century), 世紀 (century). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ねんだい (age, date, period), きげん (A.D., beginning, humour, mood, origin, period, rise, temper, term), ぼうえいひ (defense costs), せいき (animation, century, Christian era, consciousness, essence, established, formal, genital, happen, legal, legitimate, life, life energy, occurrence, prosperous period, regular, sanity, soberness, spirit, take place, true character, true heart, true spirit, verve, vigor, vitality), じだい (epoch, land rent, period, subserviency to the stronger, the next era). (various references) | |
Korean | 기원 (Eras). (various references) | |
Manx | rey (failure). (various references) | |
Norwegian | tidsalder, æra. (various references) | |
Papiamen | époka (age, epoch). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | eraay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | era (age, date, period, period of time), época (age, date, epoch, estate, period, tide, time). (various references) | |
Romanian | erã (period), epocã (aeon, age, date, day, epoch, period, time), vreme (age, date, day, tide, time, times, weather, while), timp (age, beat, course, cycle, date, day, distance, epoch, hour, length, period, season, tense, term, time, weather, while), perioadã (age, cycle, date, day, distance, epoch, lapse, period, repetend, season, stadium, stage, streak, term, tide, time). (various references) | |
Russian | эра (aeon, era 1). (various references) | |
Scottish | annaladh. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | era, vek (age, century, life, time), doba (period). (various references) | |
Spanish | era (age, Eon, it was, threshing floor). (various references) | |
Swedish | era (age, your), tidevarv (age). (various references) | |
Thai | ยุค (generation). (various references) | |
Turkish | tarih hesabı, tarih başlangıcı, devir (age, alienation, assignation, assignment, cession, circle, circulation, circumvolution, currency, cycle, disposal, epoch, Eyre, grant, gyration, period, release, Rev, revolution, rotation, rounder, spin, take over, transfer, transference, turnover), çağ (age, epoch, period, time, times), çığır. (various references) | |
Turkmen | era (r), zaman (epoch, time). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ера (aeon, day, epoch), доба (age, date). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | thời đại (aeon, day, eon, time). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | aera, aeris, aetas, aetate, aetatem, aetates, aetatis, tempus temporis. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "era": eradiate, eradiated, eradiates, eradiating, eradicable, eradicate, eradicated, eradicates, eradicating, eradication, eradications, eradicator, eradicators, eras, erasabilities, erasability, erasable, erase, erased, eraser, erasers, erases, erasing, erasion, erasions, erasure, erasures. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "era": antisera, archentera, bursera, caldera, camera, chelicera, chimaera, chimera, cholera, ciguatera, cocinera, coelentera, coleoptera, cordillera, diptera, drosera, entera, ephemera, etcetera, fatshedera, foraminifera, genera, gerbera, glomera, guayabera, habanera, hetaera, hymenoptera, lepidoptera, macrolepidoptera, mesentera, microlepidoptera, monstera, opera, orthoptera, phylloxera, primavera, riviera, sclera, sera, subgenera, tapadera, tempera, tessera, tuatera, vera, vinifera, viscera, womera, wommera, woomera. (additional references) | |
Words containing "era": accelerando, accelerandos, accelerant, accelerants, accelerate, accelerated, accelerates, accelerating, acceleratingly, acceleration, accelerations, accelerative, accelerator, accelerators, acerate, acerated, acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholinesterases, acierate, acierated, acierates, acierating, adulterant, adulterants, adulterate, adulterated, adulterates, adulterating, adulteration, adulterations, adulterator, adulterators, aerate, aerated, aerates, aerating, aeration, aerations, aerator, aerators, ageratum, ageratums, agglomerate, agglomerated, agglomerates, agglomerating, agglomeration, agglomerations, agglomerative, aliteracies, aliteracy. (additional references) | |
| |
"Era" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Ayra, berra, eaa, eai, eao, eara, Earac, earp, eary, eba, ebra, eca, ecra, ecre, ecri, eda, edax, edr, edra, edre, eea, Eeac, eeza, efa, efra, ega, egab, egap, egay, egray, eha, eja, Ejaz, Eka, Ekram, ema, ena, enr, enra, enri, eoa, epa, eqa, erac, erad, erah, erai, eraj, eral, eram, eran, erao, Erap, eraq, erar, erat, erau, eravi, erax, eray, Erb, erba, erbal, ercan, erd, erea, ereb, ereg, erel, erem, erev, erex, erey, erez, Erfal, Ergay, erh, eri, eria, erian, erib, erif, erii, erj, erk, Erka, Erkan, erl, erm, ero, erol, eroo, erp, erq, erra, erraa, erram, erran, erray, erre, Errep, Errh, erri, errif, errm, errt, erru, ersa, ersay, ert, erta, Ertan, eru, erum, erun, erv, erva, erw, erx, Erz, erza, Erzan, esa, etr, etra, etre, eua, eura, Euram, eurax, Eurgah, euri, evra, ewa, exa, exr, exrat, exro, Eya, eza, ezra, gera, herra, ieru, iqa, irra, jera, Jeraj, Jerma, jerrak, kera, lera, merra, neri, Nerja, nra, oera, oraa, orra, Qra, rra, Uera, ura, urra, verra, vra, werra, Xebra, Yedra, yerba, Yerxa, zera. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "era" (pronounced e"ru or i"ru) |
| 3 | e" r u | caldera, chimera, guayabera, mascara, naira, para, Primavera, Riviera, Sierra, Terra, Vera. |
| 2 | -r u | Abracadabra, algebra, angora, aura, Aurora, Bora, bravura, Camorra, candelabra, caracara, carbonara, Cobra, coloratura, contra, copra, curragh, datura, dura, Euro, extra, fedora, Flora, fora, genre, hombre, Hora, hydra, infra, Laura, Libra, lira, lire, Louvre, macabre, Madeira, mantra, menorah, Moira, Mora, Mudra, Mura, oeuvre, okra, opera, Ora, orchestra, Pachysandra, Pandora, pellagra, Penumbra, Sabra, Sacra, Samsara, Senora, sera, spectra, supra, sura, Tetra, tiara, Torah, tundra, ultra, umbra, urethra, vara, vertebra, zebra. |
| 3 | i" r u | lira, lire, Madeira, sera. |
| 2 | -r u | Abracadabra, algebra, angora, aura, Aurora, Bora, bravura, caldera, Camorra, candelabra, caracara, carbonara, chimera, Cobra, coloratura, contra, copra, curragh, datura, dura, Euro, extra, fedora, Flora, fora, genre, guayabera, hombre, Hora, hydra, infra, Laura, Libra, Louvre, macabre, mantra, mascara, menorah, Moira, Mora, Mudra, Mura, naira, oeuvre, okra, opera, Ora, orchestra, Pachysandra, Pandora, para, pellagra, Penumbra, Primavera, Riviera, Sabra, Sacra, Samsara, Senora, Sierra, spectra, supra, sura, Terra, Tetra, tiara, Torah, tundra, ultra, umbra, urethra, vara, Vera, vertebra, zebra. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: are, ear. | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-r" | |
-1 letter: ae, ar, er, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-r" | |
+1 letter: acre, aero, aery, ager, aper, area, ares, arse, aver, bare, bear, brae, care, dare, dear, earl, earn, ears, eras, eyra, fare, fear, frae, gear, hare, hear, lear, mare, near, pare, pear, race, rage, rake, rale, rape, rare, rase, rate, rave, raze, read, real, ream, reap, rear, rhea, sear, sera, tare, tear, urea, vera, ware, wear, yare, year. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Quotations: Speeches 15. Usage Frequency 16. Names: Frequency | 17. Names: Company Usage 18. Cities 19. Expressions 20. Expressions: Internet | 21. Translations: Modern 22. Translations: Ancient 23. Abbreviations 24. Acronyms | 25. Derivations 26. Rhymes 27. Anagrams 28. Bibliography |
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