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Definition: Dune |
DuneNoun1. A ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "dune" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references) |
Etymology: Dune \Dune\, noun. [The same word as down: compare to Dutch duin. See Down bank of sand.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Geography | A sand wave of approximately triangular cross section(in a vertical plane in the direction of flow)with gentle upstream slope and steep downstream slope, which travels downstream by the movement of sediment up the upstream slope and the deposition of it on the downstream slope. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geological | A usually asymmetrical hill of wind-deposited sand. (references) |
Public Administration | Ridge or mound of sand or fine loose earth and pulverized rock built up by the wind or by water currents. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
- Alternate meanings: Dune (novel) or Dune (movie)
In physical geography, a dune is a hill of sand built by the wind. Bare dunes are subject to shifting location and size based on their interaction with the wind. The "valley" or trough between dunes is called a slack.
Mesquite Flat dunes in Death Valley
California [larger image]Some coastal areas have one or more sets of dunes running parallel to the shoreline directly inland from the beach. In all such cases the dunes are important in protecting the land against potential ravages by storm waves from the sea. Although the most widely distributed dunes are those associated with coastal regions, the largest complexes of dunes are found inland in dry regions and associated with ancient lake or sea beds.
The most common dune form on Earth (and on Mars) is the crescentic. Crescent-shaped mounds generally are wider than long. The slipface is on the dune's concave side. These dunes form under winds that blow from one direction, and they also are known as barchans, or transverse dunes. Some types of crescentic dunes move faster over desert surfaces than any other type of dune. A group of dunes moved more than 100 meters per year between 1954 and 1959 in China's Ningxia Province; similar rates have been recorded in the Western Desert of Egypt. The largest crescentic dunes on Earth, with mean crest-to-crest widths of more than 3 kilometers, are in China's Taklimakan Desert
Coastal dunes
Dunes form on coasts where the backshore can support and onshore winds encourage the accumulation of sand blown inland from off a beach. Any part of the upper beach, once dry, can lose sand to the wind, especially if the sand is fine, and dune formation proceeds in the direction towards which the predominant wind direction is blowing.Dunes provide privacy and shelter from the wind.
Succession on coastal dunes
As a dune forms, plant succession occurs. The conditions on an embryo dune (is this a made up word?) are harsh, with salt spray from the sea carried on strong winds. The dune is well drained and often dry. Rotting sea weed brought in by storm waves adds enough nutrients to allow pioneer species to colonise the dune. These pioneer species are marram grass, sea wort grass and other sea grasses in England. These plants are well adapted to the harsh conditions of the fore dune, typically having deep roots which reach the water table, rhibozomes which produce nitrogen compounds, and protected stoma, reducing transpiration. The deep roots also bind the sand together, and the dune grows into a fore dune as more sand is blown over the grasses. The grasses add nitrogen to the soil, meaning other, less hardy plants can then colonise the dunes. Typically these are heathers and gorses. These too are adapted to the low soil water content and have small, prickley leaves which reduce transpiration. Heathers add humus to the soil, but have a pH of lower than 7, so make the soil slightly acidic. Heathers are usually replaced by coniferous trees which can tollerate the low pH. Coniferous forests and heathland are common climax communities for sand dune systems.
The fore dune and first yellow dune at Studland, England.Young dunes are called yellow dunes, dunes which have high humus content are called grey dunes. Leeching occurs on the dunes, washing humus into the slacks, and the slacks may be much more developed then the exposed tops of the dunes.
For the snow analogue to a sand dune see sastruga.
References & Links
- The Physics of Blown Sand (1941) by Ralph Bagnold
Examples
Sand dune plains
- (large expanses of dunes)
- Mesquite Flat Dunes, USA
- Western Sahara
Sand dune systems
- (coastal dunes featuring succession)
- Studland, Dorset, England
See Also
- Earth science
- List of landforms
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dune."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Dune (ISBN 0441172717) is a science fiction novel by Frank Herbert. It was awarded the Nebula award in 1965 and tied for the Hugo award in 1966. It was also a huge commercial success and has now sold more than 20 million copies. Dune was followed by five sequels. The Dune saga is considered by many fans of the genre to be the best science fiction epic ever written. It is certainly one of the most popular; Dune is number six in the Internet Top 100 SF/Fantasy list. Dune has been turned into a film made by David Lynch, a mini-series made by the Sci-Fi Channel and a series of computer games.
Warning: Wikipedia contains spoilers.
Introduction
The novel was originally serialized as two shorter works, Dune World and The Prophet of Dune, in Analog, 1963 - 1965.Herbert dedicated the novel to dry-land ecologists.
Themes
The emphasis on ecological and religious ideas and the use of Middle Eastern cultural themes made the novel a provocative departure from previous science fiction.The success of Dune has ensured several sequels. The overall theme for the dune series is the focus on the actions and consequences of superheros.
Frank Herbert says:
This explains the tone for the next three novels to follow: Dune Messiah, Children of Dune and God Emperor Dune.
- "I had this theory that superheroes were disastrous for humans, that even if you postulated an infallible hero, the things this hero set in motion fell eventually into the hands of fallible mortals. What better way to destroy a civilization, society or a race than to set people into the wild oscillations which follow their turning over their critical judgment and decision-making faculties to a superhero?"
The Dune Universe
In the Dune universe, advanced computers are forbidden due to the Butlerian Jihad against thinking machines, and so as a replacement human skills have been developed to an astonishing degree:When a Bene Gesserit acolyte progresses to be a full Reverend Mother, she gains her ancestral memories -- the complete memories of all of her female ancestors. She cannot recall the memories of her male ancestors, and fears the psychic space within her that they inhabit. The Bene Gesserit are conducting a breeding program to develop a superhuman male who will recall both his male memories and his female memories, as well as the ability to see (and thus control) the future. They call him the Kwisatz Haderach.
- Mentats use intensive training to allow themselves to enter a heightened mental state in which they could perform computer-like computations.
- The Spacing Guild use the "spice" drug to enhance their prescient abilities and see a path through folded space, allowing instantaneous travel across the universe.
- The Bene Gesserit is a secretive group of female witches with almost inhuman powers developed through many years of physical and mental conditioning.
Against this background, Dune chronicles the conflict between the aristocratic House Atreides and House Harkonnen, behind whom lurks the power of the Emperor and House Corrino, and the Spacing Guild which has a monopoly on interstellar transport.
On the fringes of the Galaxy are the shape-shifting Tleilaxu and Ix, a planet whose history is lost to the mists of time and society is dominated by technology.
The Fremen are the indigenous population of the planet Arrakis. They are a hardy people, used to the hardship and deprivation of their desert-planet. They await their Messiah because of a legend planted intentionally across the Universe by the Bene Gesserit. The Messiah legend is intended to ease the path of the Kwisatz Haderach when they bring him into being. The division of the Bene Gesserit which is dedicated to religious manipulation is the Missionaria Protectiva.
The Harkonnens are ordered by the Emperor to cede stewardship of the planet Arrakis (known generally as Dune) to the Atreides. The planet Arrakis is extremely arid and inhabited by giant, menacing worms which live under the sand (the Fremen call them Shai-Hulud). The Fremen, adapted to this harsh climate, are obsessed with water and consider the worms holy.
Dune is the sole source of melange, a "spice" that gives limited prescience and prolongs the user's lifespan; with it the Guild Navigators see a path through foldspace, and the Bene Gesserit can enhance their abilities. The spice is the most valuable commodity in the universe and it is found only on Dune. Thus, the planet is the political fulcrum of the Universe.
List of characters
See the list of Characters from the novel.
Synopsis
On the political level Dune is the tale of a political conflict between three noble houses - the House Atredies, the House Harkonnen and the House Corrino. The Corrino Emperor has come to see the Atredies as a threat to his throne. This is for two reasons. Firstly, Duke Leto Atredies is very popular among the noble houses of the Imperium, and has become something of an unofficial leader. Secondly, the House Atredies is in a position where it could potentially undermine the fundamental source of Corrino power. The Corrino's power base is their military strength, their specially trained army - the 'Sardaukar' - who per soldier are five to ten times better fighters than the military forces of the other noble houses. However, Duke Leto Atredies has created a military force which has been trained to a standard equivalent of the Sardaukar, and though comparitively small in number they are potenitally capable of training many others to the same standard. The Corrino's have not ruled the Imperium for so long by ignoring such potential threats to their power base.The Emperor therefore decides that he must destroy House Atreides, and so he decides on a subtle plan. For centuries the House Harkonnen have been ancestral enemies of the Atredies, and so he uses the Harkonnen in his attempt to bring the Atredies down. Naturally the Baron Harkonnen, happily agrees to this because of his hatred for the Atredies, and because it would put the Emperor in his debt.
The plan is a cunning one to trap the Atreides with their own ambition. Realising that the Atredies are next to impregnable on the home planet Caladan, which they have ruled wisely and well for centuries, and thus have an incredibly loyal populace, the Emperor realizes the Atreides need to be lured away from this safety. The Emperor therefore offers them the stewardship of Arrakis, a desert planet which is incredibly important the imperial economy, because it is the only source of the 'Spice', a drug which increases life expectancy threefold, and increases mental abilities. Indeed for the two most important organizations in human space - the Spacing Guild and the Bene Gesserit - spice is required to train their people. The Spacing Guild pilots would be unable to pilot between the stars without spice, and the Bene Gesserit would be unable to access their ancestral memories without it. Obviously then Spice is incredibly valuable, and whoever rules Arrakis, and thus mines the Spice, controls a source of huge power and wealth. Offered this 'wonderful' opportunity by the Emperor, the Atreides have little choice but to accept.
The Atreides do this knowing full well it is a trap. They expect to be attacked by the Harkonnen, and probably disguised Sardaukar troops in the near future. But they walk into the trap for two good reasons: 1) If the refuse this trap, they know future plots are inevitable, and with the Emperor's resources they would be very unlikely to escape them all. 2) They see that if they walk into this trap, there is the potential on Arrakis to not only evade the Emperor's trap, but indeed become virtually impregnable. The Atreides understand how the Emperor's Sardaukar are created, that those troops are all recruited from a hell planet Salusa Secundus, where only the strongest survive the planet and each other, and so the Emperor recruits from a populace that are simply quicker, stronger, fitter, and more dangerous than the people of the civilized worlds of the Empire. On Arrakis, there is an independent people the Fremen, who live in the deep desert, and have been oppressed for thousands of years by the rulers of Arrakis, and also having to deal with an incredibly hostile planet, they have been bred in much the same way as the Sardaukar. When Atredies takes over Arrakis, they hope to befriend the Fremen, and recruit them into their service, and thus they will be able to defeat attacks by the Emperor's Sardaukar. And in the longer term their position would be secured by the immense wealth which could be gained from good stewardship of Arrakis.
The central figure of the book is Paul Atreides, son and heir to Duke Leto Atreides, head of the House Atreides, and Leto's concubine, Jessica, a Bene Gesserit lady. The Bene Gesserit perform many functions in the Empire, Truthsayers(human truth machines), negotiators, advisors, teachers, but all these functions serve one deeper purpose; they are breeding humans trying to improve the humanity. One specific type they are trying to create is the Kwisatz Haderach, a human being who will be aware of both the female and male ancestral memories, plus the prophetic skills of a guild navigator. The Bene Gesserit are close, they believe, to the fruition of their plan, and Paul Atredies is at the heart of it. Jessica, his mother, disobeyed Bene Gesserit orders out of love for Leto Atreides, and gave birth to a boy, Paul. Her express orders had been to produce a girl, who the Bene Gesserit would have mated with a Harkonnen, and they hoped from this union they would produce the Kwisatz Haderach. What this means is that Paul Atreides has resources one would not expect, and possibilities that were unforeseen by everyone.
The Harkonnen attack is more diabolical, and more powerful than the Atreides imagined. The Harkonnens have managed to gain a spy in the Atredies inner household, and in doing so they achieve something unique in Imperium history, they manage to break the 'imperial conditioning' of a Suk doctor, which is believed to make such a person incorruptible. However, the Harkonnens with their gift for cruelty and manipulation have managed to break the Doctor - Yueh - to their will, they many years ago kidnapped Yueh's wife, and use her to manipulate him.
So when the Harkonnen attack, Yueh lowers the defensive shields, and uses gas to disable Leto, Paul and Jessica, leaving the Atreides leaderless and disorganized under the Harkonnen and Sardaukar military onslaught, which is far more powerful than the Atredies ever expected, and the leaderless Atredies army is crushed, with only a few remnants managing to escape.
Paul and Jessica are sent out into the desert to die. Because of the use of truthsayers in the Empire, the Baron Harkonnen needs to be able to say truthfully that he was not (directly) responsible for their deaths. However, this plan misfires and Paul and Jessica manage to kill their captors, and escape into the desert leaving the Harkonnen to believe that they died in a huge desert storm.
Meanwhile Leto Atreides nearly manages to kill the Baron. Yueh realizes that it is likely that the Harkonnens have been playing him for a dupe, and that is wife is probably dead already, sp he plants a poison gas tooth in Leto's mouth, and informs Leto about it. When Yueh hands over Leto, Baron Harkonnen lets Yueh join his wife ... in death. Leto, still suffering from the gas in his system then attempts to kill the Baron when they meet, but misjudges his moment, and is only successful in killing the Baron's advisor and mentat, Piter.
Book one ends in the deep desert. Under the pressure of extremis, and the increased doses of Spice that Paul had been ingesting simply living on Arrakis, some of his powers come to fruition, and his ability to see possible futures explodes into awareness. He sees many things, a way out of his situation, and the restoration of the Atredies, if only he can make contact with the Fremem...and survive.
After a dangerous crossing of the desert, Paul and Jessica manage to meet up with a group of Fremen. Paul and Jessica prove their worth by disarming Fremen in unarmed combat - the weirding way - and the Fremen leader Stilgar gladly accepts them into his tribe because he would like to add that skill to the Fremen people. But during this scuffle Paul disabled a proud Fremen, who takes offence at this 'presumptious' youth, and challenges Paul to a fight to the death. Superficially, this contest between a grown man, and an untried fifteen year old boy would seem grossly unfair, but this boy had been trained by masters of the sword, and he triumphs easily, making his name in the tribe, and also giving him the household of the killed man. At the same time, Paul and Jessica are introduced to the deadly harshness of the Fremen lifestyle, as the Fremen ritually drain the dead man of his water because it is so precious to them. Paul is named 'Usul' by Stilgar as his private name within the tribe, and names himself Paul Maud'dib as his public Fremen name.
Indeed when they return the tribe's sietch, they discover the Fremen Sayaddina is near death, and with the fortuitous arrival of Jessica, a Bene Gesserit lady, they make Jessica their Sayaddina. Jessica, not realizing the consequences of what the Fremen are about to do, accepts to cement her place in the tribe. Halfway through the process she realizes she has made a mistake, that she is involved in a similiar process to how the Bene Gesserit make their own Reverand Mothers who can see genetic memories, and realizes that the baby in her womb will also go through the process. This has truly unfortunate consequences, because it is a Bene Gesserit teaching that the baby will not have the strength to withstand her ancestors and sooner or later their consciousness will be overwhelmed by an ancestor - creating an 'abomination'.
Years pass. Paul Muad'dib learns to be a Fremen, and becomes something of a religious leader among the Fremen. He also meets a young woman, Chani, daughter of Liet, who he has long seen in his dreams, and she becomes his lover. He and his mother train the Fremen of Sietch Tabr, and other Fremen who seek out Paul in his religous guise in the ways of the weirdling way, and advanced Atredies battle tactics. Under his leadership his 'Fedaykin' experience victory after victory. His prestige and aura grow daily.
However, in order to be truly accepted by the Fremen he must become a sandrider. The Fremen have a great secret, they have learned to control the Giant Worms, through the use of 'maker hooks' they have learned to climb aboard worms, and then take control of their course, which enables them to quickly move around the desert. Obviously this is not the safest of tasks, but Paul finally attempts it and succeeds. He is a sandrider at last.
The same day smugglers seek Spice to deep in the desert and the Fremen of Sietch Tabr spring a trap. In the middle of the battle Paul recognises his weapons teacher Gurney Halleck, and calls on him to surrender, and surrender his men. Gurney is overjoyed and overwhelmed in equal measure. He surrenders his men, and joins Paul's service. Among Gurney's men, however, are some Imperial spies who attempt to kill Maud'dib, they are unsuccessful, and they are captured by the Fedaykin. Paul gives secret orders for the spies to be allowed to escape, so they reveal that Paul Atredies still lives on Arrakis. Taking advantage of recruting Gurney Halleck, Paul uses the moment to solve his leadership problem. Since he has become a wormrider many of his followers have expected Maud'dib to challenge Stilgar, his greatest friend among the Fremen, in order to take control of Sietch Tabr. But Paul breaks tradition and in doing so forces Stilgar to do the same, managing to sidestep this issue by proclaiming himself the ruling Duke of Arrakis, and thus taking power without killing his friend.
They return to Sietch Tabr. Gurney is shocked to discover Jessica is still alive, because he believes she was the one that betrayed the Atredies and that Paul does not know, he is about to kill her, when Paul walks in, and manages to stop him, and explains that it was Yueh. Gurney is almost broken by his almost fatal and tragic error, but Jessica forgives him and he is bound even further into Atredies service.
Pauls power among the Fremen grows, but he is still frustrated, he is not all he could be, he cannot control his journeys into the future, much of it is still blank to him. So he takes a truly risky step and takes the spice essence, and so attempts to perform the male equivalent of the Reverand Mother ceremony. Previously to this no man has survived this experience, and it seems he fails also, because he sinks into a coma.
Paul neglects to tell anyone what he is doing, and so many people think he is dead, though others do think he is in a religious trance. His mother, Jessica, does all she can to wake him but fails, so out of desperation she calls Chani from the deep desert to help. Chani, through her more personal knowledge of Pauls dreams and desires, realises what a mad thing Paul has done, and uses Spice Essence, to bring him out of his trance. For Paul no time has passed, and he glories in his new memories, and powers. Now he declares is the time to destroy the Harkonnen.
Paul has a great plan. First he steps up Fremen attacks on the Harkonnens and manages to almost entirely stop the flow of the spice from Arrakis. This forces the Emperor to act, and he comes to Arrakis with all his Sardaukar, and also levies of all the other noble houses, to anihilate the Fremen if necessary in order to get the Spice flowing again.
When the Emperor lands, Paul launches his full attack. Using the secreted family atomics, he blows a hole in the shield wall, and under cover of a huge desert storm attacks using giant worms. The Sardaukar, only half landed on the planet, are unable to withstand the full force of the Fremen, caught as they are in total surprise and the Emperor is forced to call a truce totally surrounded as he is, unable to land all the troops he has in space.
By now the Emperor is aware of who Maud'dib is. He sent a large Sardaukar force into the deep desert for information. Attacking a Sietch, they manage to kill Pauls two children, and capture Alia -Paul's sister - but were driven off from Fremen children and old people and women. In the surprise of Maud'dibs attack, Alia manages to escape, and in the process kill Baron Harkonnen.
Realizing that Muad'dib is not some mad Fremen religious leader gives the Emperor possibilities. Feyd Ruatha Harkonnen, the Barons nephew, and an acclaimed gladiator, challenges Paul to single combat. Paul agrees even knowing that it is possible he will die, but after a hard fight he eventually triumphs.
Paul refuses to take anymore nonsense. He retires the Emperor to Kaitan, by the simple expedience of taking power from the real rulers of the Empire - the Spacing Guild - who control space travel. He threatens to destroy the Spice if they do not ship all the troops home. The Spacing Guild have no choice, the limited powers of prophecy show Paul is capable of it and they send everyone home. The Emperor abdicates and retires to Kaitan, Paul marries (in name only) the Emperor's eldest daughter, and assumes control of the Empire.
He promises the Fremen that he will turn Arrakis into a garden planet, and all seems well in the universe of Paul Atredies.
Artistic works in the Dune universe
The original series
- Dune
- Dune Messiah
- Children of Dune
- God Emperor of Dune
- Heretics of Dune
- Chapterhouse Dune
First Prequel
There is also a prequel trilogy to Dune, known as the Prelude to Dune. It was written by Brian Herbert (son of Frank) and Kevin J. Anderson and based in part on Frank Herbert's notes, found after his death. These books have been extremely successful and have introduced the Dune universe to a new generation of fans. This trilogy is set in the years leading up to the events in Dune.
- Dune: House Atreides
- Dune: House Harkonnen
- Dune: House Corrino
Second Prequel
Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson followed this with a second prequel trilogy called the Legends of Dune This trilogy is set at the beginning of time - in regard to the Dune universe - when Humans and sentient machines fight a devastating war.
- Dune: The Butlerian Jihad
- Dune: The Machine Crusade
- Dune: The Battle of Corrin
Other artistic works based in the Dune universe
- Dune (movie): inspired by Dune
- Dune (miniseries): The Sci-Fi Channel production
- Children of Dune (miniseries): inspired by Dune Messiah and Children of Dune
- Dune (games): games inspired by Dune
- Dune (computer game) – computer game series inspired by Dune
External links
- Official website
- The official website. However, seems more interested in the new books by Brian Herbert and Kevin Anderson rather than Frank Herbert's legacy.
- alt.fan.dune FAQ
- Frequently asked questions and answers compiled by alt.fan.dune
- http://www.houseatreides.com/
- Fan site with excellent messageboard
- http://www.dreamersofdune.com/
- Another excellent fan site.
- Spark Notes
- Detailed examination of Dune by Spark Notes.
- Dune by Frank Herbert
- Review of novel by Nicholas Whyte. Whyte's website includes reviews of many of the Hugo and Nebula winners.
- The Internet top 100 SF Fantasy lists
- The site as maintained and updated these lists since 1997.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dune (novel)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Dune is a 1984 movie directed by David Lynch. It starred Kyle MacLachlan as Paul Atreides and pop-star Sting as Feyd-Rautha.Warning: Wikipedia contains spoilers.
The movie is an adaptation of the first part of a series of novels by Frank Herbert, with elements from the later parts. Lynch originally wanted to create a much longer movie; his first draft was five hours. As the production ran out of money and the producers wanted a format better suited for cinemas, much of the original footage was cut and replaced by narration.
Lynch uses a number of elements from his earlier movies, for example the figure of the Space Guild Navigator, who has a strong resemblance to the alien baby in Lynch's first movie, Eraserhead, which also appeared in The Elephant Man. Another element is the use of low, humming sounds which create unease in spectators when used over a longer period of time.
In financial terms, the movie was a disaster, but has a number of dedicated fans.
The film's chief flaw is its almost total lack of exposition; the audience is presented with a barrage of admittedly fascinating sounds and images, but unless they have read the book few of those sounds and images will make the slightest bit of sense to them.
Dune was recently remade as a three part miniseries for release on cable and rental video/DVD.
External link
- The IMDb entry on Dune
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dune (movie)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A number of games have been based on Frank Herbert's science fiction novel Dune:
- Card game
- 1997 Dune: Eye of the Storm, Five Rings Publishing Group - fanpage
- Board game
- Video games (See also : Dune (computer game) )
- 1992 Dune, Cryo (Mixture between adventure and strategy game)
- 1992 Dune 2, Westwood Studios (first real-time strategy game)
- 1998 Dune 2000, Westwood Studios (remake of Dune 2)
- 2001 Emperor: Battle for Dune, Westwood Studios
- Online-game
- Regent of Dune
- Dune MUD
- Kaitain MUSH
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dune (games)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A number of computer games have been based on Frank Herbert's science fiction novel Dune:
Dune
(Cryo, 1992)Mixture between adventure and strategy game, fairly simple and not very successful. You played Paul Atreides, who learns the ways of the Desert Planet and tries to establish a Fremen army to reclaim his father's fief.
Dune II
(Westwood Studios, 1992)aka
The world's first real-time strategy game, complex and fun to play, was a huge success. You played a commander for one of three parties at war, the Atreides, the Harkonnen or the Ordos (which were invented for the game). Your objective is to wipe out all resistance and to conquer Arrakis.
- Dune II: The Battle for Arrakis
- Dune II: The Building of a Dynasty
Some of the key-elements that first appear in this game:
- Resource-gathering (spice)
- Construction of buildings
- Buildings construct units
- Certain buildings allow the construction of further building types
- Different factions (the Houses), each with their own unit-types
Dune 2000
(Westwood Studios, 1998)Based around the game engine for Red Alert from Westwood Studios, the game is a remake of Dune 2 using then-current technologies. The AI of this game is better than any other game made by Westwood Studios until today.
Emperor: Battle for Dune
(Westwood Studios, 2001)PC.IGN preview 3d engine utilised. Gameplay similar to Command and Conquer series.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dune (computer game)."
Synonym: DuneSynonym: sand dune (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Height | Mount, mountain; hill alto, butte, monticle, fell, knap; cape; headland, foreland; promontory; ridge, hog's back, dune; rising ground, vantage ground; down; moor, moorland; Alp; uplands, highlands; heights; (summit); knob, loma, pena, picacho, tump; knoll, hummock, hillock, barrow, mound, mole; steeps, bluff, cliff, craig, tor, peak, pike, clough; escarpment, edge, ledge, brae; dizzy height. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Dune |
| English words defined with "dune": Elymus arenarius, European dune grass ♦ Leymus arenaria ♦ off-road ♦ Sand hill, sea lyme grass. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "dune": anchored dune ♦ barcan, barchan, barchan dune, barchane, barkan, barkhan ♦ crescentic dune ♦ eolian deposit, established dune ♦ fixed dune ♦ horseshoe dune, Huntingdon ♦ primary succession ♦ seif dune, stabilized dune ♦ wind shadow drift, wind shadow dune ♦ zircon group. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "dune": town. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Dune" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. French (dune). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | How many nights I have sat on a dune just like this; imagining a night just like thiswith my father (Children of Dune; writing credit: Frank Herbert; John Harrison) You will therefore be taken to the Dune Sea, and cast into the pit of Carkoon, the nesting place of the all-powerful Sarlaac (Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi; writing credit: George Lucas; Lawrence Kasdan) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Children of Dune (2003) Dune (1973) Sigui 1971 - la dune d'Idyeli (1971) Dune Bug (1969) La Maison dans la dune (1952) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | 3-D image from NOAA Exclusive Economic Zone Mapping Project Ridge to south of Pioneer Seamount Turbidity currents debouch from Pioneer Canyon, strike ridge, and are deflected Huge dune structures are formed which extend many miles to the south. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Looking from the dune line to the north at Delaware Seashore State Park. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | A vegetation covered dune and coastal wetlands near Vandenburg AFB. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | An aerial view of East Timbalier Island, the Gulf of Mexico is on the right. The sandy brown areas in the middle of the photograph are the newly created marsh and dune habitat. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | A view at the west end of the project site, dune habitat is on the right, marsh habitat is to the left. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Dune beach grass. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
 | Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve. Dune plants like sea oats and railroad vine help to anchor dune systems. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |  | A sand fence is nearly buried as it aids in the retention of the sand dune structure along this Florida coastline. Credit: Tim McCabe. |
 | Sand dune. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |  | Sand dune and shore bird. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Dune fence #2" by Jim Robinson Commentary: "A collection of dune fence photos ** if you download, please leave a comment, I would love to know what I'm doing right or wrong. I'm new at this photog thing." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The fortifications, military establishments, and harbours, of the Islands of Heligoland and Dune shall be destroyed under the supervision of the Principal Allied Governments by German labour and at the expense of Germany within a period to be determined by the said Governments. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Latvia | Exceptions are territories in Latvia's border area, dune areas of the Baltic Sea and Riga gulf and protected areas of other public waters, land of state reserves and land usable for agriculture and forestry. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Dune" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 93.94% of the time. "Dune" is used about 165 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 93.94% | 155 | 25,240 |
| Noun (proper) | 6.06% | 10 | 111,207 |
| Total | 100.00% | 165 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "dune": anchored dune ♦ barchan dune ♦ camphor dune tansy ♦ crescentic dune ♦ Dune Acres ♦ dune buggy ♦ dune cycling ♦ dune infiltration ♦ established dune ♦ european dune grass ♦ fixed dune ♦ horseshoe dune ♦ northern dune tansy ♦ sand dune ♦ stabilized dune ♦ wind shadow dune. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "dune": dune-bedded, dune-buggies, dune-buggy, dune-grass, dune-land, dune-sand, dune-shaped, dune-slack. | |
Ending with "dune": sand-dune. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
dune | 2,079 | great sand dune | 126 |
dune buggy | 1,416 | dune buggy sale | 117 |
sand dune | 749 | dune oregon | 117 |
donita dune | 747 | pajaro dune | 107 |
indiana dune | 493 | dune realty | 105 |
sleeping bear dune | 309 | dune park state warren | 103 |
wild dune | 293 | ocean dune | 102 |
child of dune | 244 | dune buggy part | 101 |
dune 2000 | 244 | dune michigan | 94 |
palmetto dune | 224 | michigan sand dune | 86 |
warren dune | 195 | vw dune buggy | 80 |
wild dune resort | 173 | dune buggys | 79 |
bandon dune | 163 | dune buggy kit | 75 |
emperor battle for dune | 151 | colorado dune sand | 73 |
dune 2000 cheat | 149 | oregon sand dune | 70 |
newport dune | 148 | glamis sand dune | 69 |
beach dune | 131 | dune buggy frame | 68 |
silver lake sand dune | 131 | battle cheat dune emperor | 68 |
indiana dune state park | 128 | dune hill windy | 68 |
dune panama | 127 | glamis dune | 67 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "dune"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | dunë (sand hill), kodër rëre. (various references) | |
Arabic | تل من الرمال, الكثيب. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | дюна (down, sand hill). (various references) | |
Chinese | 沙丘. (various references) | |
Czech | duna. (various references) | |
Danish | dune, klit, banke (hit, knock, strike). (various references) | |
Dutch | duin. (various references) | |
Farsi | تل شنی , توده شن ساحلی , ریگروان . (various references) | |
Finnish | dyyni, särkkä (bank), lentohiekkakinos, hiekkakinos. (various references) | |
French | dune (sand dune). (various references) | |
German | Düne. (various references) | |
Greek | αμμόλοφος (sand dune). (various references) | |
Hebrew | חולית (sand dune), דיונה. (various references) | |
Hungarian | homokdomb, homokbucka (hurst, sand hill), dűne. (various references) | |
Indonesian | guguk, bukit pasir. (various references) | |
Italian | duna. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 砂山 (sand hill). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | すなやま (sand hill), さやま (sand hill). (various references) | |
Korean | 모래 언덕. (various references) | |
Manx | mooiragh (estuary, mariner, maritime), dreeym geinnee. (various references) | |
Norwegian | sandbanke. (various references) | |
Papago | hia (sand dune). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | uneday.(various references) | |
Portuguese | duna (dene). (various references) | |
Romanian | dunã (drift). (various references) | |
Russian | дюна (sand dune, sand hill, sand-dune, sand-hill). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | dina (sand dune). (various references) | |
Spanish | duna (sand dune). (various references) | |
Swedish | dyn (dyne). (various references) | |
Thai | ภูเขาทราย. (various references) | |
Turkish | kumul (down), kum tepeciği (Dene, sand hill). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | дюна (hummock, sandbank). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | cồn cát (dene, sand-hill), đụn cát (dene, down, sand-dune). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | John Chapter 8, Verse 1 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | IhsouV de eporeuqh eiV to oroV twn elaiwn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Iesus autem perrexit in montem Oliveti |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Se hælend for on oliuetes dune. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | But Jhesus wente in to the mount of Olyuete. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And Iesus went vnto mounte Olivete |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Jesus went unto the mount of Olives. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Jesus went to the mount of Olives: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | But Jesus went to the Mountain of Olives. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | John Chapter 8, Verse 1 |
| Cebuano | ¶ apan si Jesus miadto sa Bungtod sa mga Olivo. |
| Chinese | 於 是 各 人 都 回 家 去 了 ． 耶 穌 卻 往 橄 欖 山 去 。 |
| Croatian | A Isus se uputi na Maslinsku goru. |
| Danish | Men Jesus gik til Oliebjerget. |
| Dutch | Maar Jezus ging naar den Olijfberg. |
| Finnish | Mutta Jeesus meni Öljymäelle. |
| French | Jésus se rendit à la montagne des oliviers. |
| German | Jesus aber ging an den Ölberg. |
| Hungarian | Jézus pedig elméne az Olajfák hegyére. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Tetapi Yesus pergi ke Bukit Zaitun. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Tetapi Yesus pergi ke Bukit Zaitun. |
| Korean | 예 수 는 감 람 산 으 로 가 시 다 |
| Latvian | Bet Jçzus aizgâja uz Olîvkalnu. |
| Maori | ¶ Ko Ihu i haere ki Maunga Oriwa. |
| Norwegian | Men Jesus gikk til Oljeberget. |
| Portuguese | Mas Jesus foi para o Monte das Oliveiras. |
| Rumanian | Isus S`a dus la muntele Mqslinilor. |
| Shuar | ¶ Tura Jesuska Uriwiu Náinnium wémiayi. |
| Spanish | Pero Jesús se fue al monte de los Olivos, |
| Swahili | lakini Yesu akaenda kwenye mlima wa Mizeituni. |
| Swedish | Och Jesus gick ut till Oljeberget. |
| Uma | ¶ Tapi' Yesus hilou hi Bulu' Zaitun. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "dune": duneland, dunelands, dunelike, dunes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Dune" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Aduna, Danek, dani, danne, daune, Dauney, dene, dinne, dne, dnem, dnu, dodne, doen, dohne, donay, doneh, donnee, donte, drune, duane, duante, dube, Dubna, Dubno, duen, duende, dufe, duge, Duhne, duin, Duino, dume, D'ume, dumn, duna, Dunai, Dunaj, Dunap, dunav, Dunbeg, dunc, dund, dunde, dunel, Dunem, duner, Duneva, duney, dungee, dunit, D'unix, dunkee, Dunlea, Dunley, Dunner, dunnie, dunnit, dunno, dunp, dunse, dunw, dunze, duqe, dute, duun, duve, duwe, duxe, Duyn, dwurnik, edunet, oune, Udn, une, vune, wune. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "dune" (pronounced duw"n) |
| 3 | d uw" n | cardoon. |
| 2 | -uw" n | festoon, afternoon, attune, baboon, balloon, bassoon, boon, buffoon, cartoon, cocoon, contrabassoon, coon, croon, galloon, goon, harpoon, hewn, immune, impugn, inopportune, kroon, lagoon, lampoon, loon, maroon, monsoon, moon, noon, opportune, picayune, platoon, pontoon, poon, prune, raccoon, saloon, soon, spoon, strewn, swoon, Toon, tune, tycoon, typhoon. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: nude, unde. | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-n-u" | |
-1 letter: den, due, dun, end. | |
-2 letters: de, ed, en, ne, nu, un. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-n-u" | |
+1 letter: dunce, dunes, endue, indue, nuder, nudes, nudge, nudie, nuked, tuned, undee, under, undue, unfed, unled, unwed, upend. | |
+2 letters: augend, beduin, bundle, bunged, bunked, bunted, burden, burned, debunk, defund, dengue, denude, dudeen, duende, duenna, dunces, dunged, dunite, dunked, dunker, dunned, dunner, dunted, durned, endued, endues, endure, enduro, ensued, enured, fecund, fondue, funded, funked, funned, gerund, gulden, gunned, hunted, induce, indued, indues, inured, junked, louden, lunged, lunted, nodule, nudely, nudest, nudged, nudger, nudges, nudies, nulled, numbed, nurled, nursed, nutted, pruned, punned, punted, refund, ruined, rundle, secund, sendup, sudden, sundae, sunder, sundew, sunned, tunned, turned, unaged, unawed, unbend, unbred, undead, undies, undine, undoer, undoes, undone, undrew, undyed, united, unkend, unlade, unlead, unmade, unread, unshed, untied, unused, upends, upsend, vendue. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Bible Trace 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
