| Language |
Translations (or nearest inflections or synonyms, in parentheses) |
| Al Arabiya
| حَفِيظ (conservator, curator, curators, custodian, custodians), مُوَالٍ (partisan, adherent, adherents, advocate, advocated), حافِظ (custodian, conservator, curator, curators, custodians), نَصِير (adherent, booster, fan, partisan, sponsor), مُؤَيِّد (backer, confirming, follower, partisan, supporter), مُحَافِظ (conservative, fogy, governor, Tory, caretaker). Additional references: Al Arabiya, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Al Fus-Ha
| حَفِيظ (conservator, curator, curators, custodian, custodians), مُوَالٍ (partisan, adherent, adherents, advocate, advocated), حافِظ (custodian, conservator, curator, curators, custodians), نَصِير (adherent, booster, fan, partisan, sponsor), مُؤَيِّد (backer, confirming, follower, partisan, supporter), مُحَافِظ (conservative, fogy, governor, Tory, caretaker). Additional references: Al Fus-Ha, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Albanian
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Albanian, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Annamese
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Annamese, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Arabic
| حَفِيظ (conservator, curator, curators, custodian, custodians), مُوَالٍ (partisan, adherent, adherents, advocate, advocated), حافِظ (custodian, conservator, curator, curators, custodians), نَصِير (adherent, booster, fan, partisan, sponsor), مُؤَيِّد (backer, confirming, follower, partisan, supporter), مُحَافِظ (conservative, fogy, governor, Tory, caretaker). Additional references: Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Arnaut
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Arnaut, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Balgarski
| привърженик (adherent, believer, follower, hanger-on, henchman), поддръжник (adherent, advocate, backer, expounder, partisan). Additional references: Balgarski, Bulgaria, Greece, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Balgarski (transliteration)
| privʺrzhenik (adherent, believer, follower, hanger-on, henchman), poddrʺzhnik (adherent, advocate, backer, expounder, partisan). Additional references: Balgarski, Bulgaria, Greece, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Bohemian
| zastánce (advocate, champion, exponent, protagonist, stickler), příznivec (patron, promoter, backer, favourer, friend), kdo podporuje (upholder). Additional references: Bohemian, Czech Republic, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Brazilian Portuguese
| sustentáculo (buttress, fulfil, prop, sinew, support), protetor (protective, protector, patron, guard, protecting), partidário (adherent, acolyte, adept, friend, partisan), defensor (advocate, defender, defensive, protector, apologist), arrimo (sustain, backer, approach, come close, get closer), apoio (support, base, prop, backing, backup), upholder (upholder). Additional references: Brazilian Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Bulgarian
| привърженик (adherent, believer, follower, hanger-on, henchman), поддръжник (adherent, advocate, backer, expounder, partisan). Additional references: Bulgarian, Bulgaria, Greece, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Bulgarian (transliteration)
| privʺrzhenik (adherent, believer, follower, hanger-on, henchman), poddrʺzhnik (adherent, advocate, backer, expounder, partisan). Additional references: Bulgarian, Bulgaria, Greece, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Cestina
| zastánce (advocate, champion, exponent, protagonist, stickler), příznivec (patron, promoter, backer, favourer, friend), kdo podporuje (upholder). Additional references: Cestina, Czech Republic, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Chinese Simplified
| 抬高者 (upholder), 支持 (support, backing, to back, to be in favor of, to stand by). Additional references: Chinese Simplified, China, Brunei, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Chinese Traditional
| 抬高者 (upholder). Additional references: Chinese Traditional, China, Brunei, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Ching
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Ching, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Corse
| tégniénti (abutting part, be held, hold, holder, holding), difensore (advocate, champion, defender, lawyer, solicitor), difenditore (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, back). Additional references: Corse, France, Italy, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Corsi
| tégniénti (abutting part, be held, hold, holder, holding), difensore (advocate, champion, defender, lawyer, solicitor), difenditore (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, back). Additional references: Corsi, France, Italy, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Corsican
| tégniénti (abutting part, be held, hold, holder, holding), difensore (advocate, champion, defender, lawyer, solicitor), difenditore (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, back). Additional references: Corsican, France, Italy, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Corso
| tégniénti (abutting part, be held, hold, holder, holding), difensore (advocate, champion, defender, lawyer, solicitor), difenditore (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, back). Additional references: Corso, France, Italy, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Corsu
| tégniénti (abutting part, be held, hold, holder, holding), difensore (advocate, champion, defender, lawyer, solicitor), difenditore (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, back). Additional references: Corsu, France, Italy, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Czech
| zastánce (advocate, champion, exponent, protagonist, stickler), příznivec (patron, promoter, backer, favourer, friend), kdo podporuje (upholder). Additional references: Czech, Czech Republic, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Daco-Rumanian
| aderent (adherent, adhesive, clinging, fitted, henchman), adept (adherent, devotee, advocate, backer, champion), sustinator (backer, subsidiaries, subsidiary, upholder), sprijinitor (backer, adherent, ministrant, supporter, sympathizer), partizan (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, bushwhacker), ocrotitor (champion, screening, shielding, upholder), ajutor (help, aid, assistance, succour, succor). Additional references: Daco-Rumanian, Romania, Hungary, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Dari
| پيشه هر (upholder). Additional references: Dari, Iran, Indo-European, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Deutsch
| Erhalter (upholder), Verteidiger (defender, apologist, defenders, pleaders, back), der Erhalter (upholder), der Moralapostel (upholder of moral standards), Upholder-Klasse (Upholder class submarine). Additional references: Deutsch, Germany, Austria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Eesti
| pooldaja (adherent, follower, partisan, supporter, upholder), poolehoidja (supporter, follower, partisan, adherent, seconder). Additional references: Eesti, Estonia, Finland, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Estonian
| pooldaja (adherent, follower, partisan, supporter, upholder), poolehoidja (supporter, follower, partisan, adherent, seconder). Additional references: Estonian, Estonia, Finland, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Français
| défenseur (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, barrister), tenant (holding, holder, attached, keeping, supporter). Additional references: Français, France, Algeria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| French
| défenseur (advocate, defender, lawyer, solicitor, barrister), tenant (holding, holder, attached, keeping, supporter). Additional references: French, France, Algeria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| German
| Erhalter (upholder), Verteidiger (defender, apologist, defenders, pleaders, back), der Erhalter (upholder), der Moralapostel (upholder of moral standards), Upholder-Klasse (Upholder class submarine). Additional references: German, Germany, Austria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Gin
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Gin, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Greek
| υποστηρικτήσ (sponsor, subscriber, backer, bolsterer, patronizer). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Greek (transliteration)
| ipostiriktis (sponsor, subscriber, backer, bolsterer, patronizer). Additional references: Greek, Greece, Albania, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Hanguk Mal
| 지지자 (supporter, prop, stayer, sympathizer, proponent). Additional references: Hanguk Mal, Korea, South, Korea, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Hanguohua
| 지지자 (supporter, prop, stayer, sympathizer, proponent). Additional references: Hanguohua, Korea, South, Korea, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Hebrew
| בויחב האור (upholder). Additional references: Hebrew, Israel, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| High Arabic
| حَفِيظ (conservator, curator, curators, custodian, custodians), مُوَالٍ (partisan, adherent, adherents, advocate, advocated), حافِظ (custodian, conservator, curator, curators, custodians), نَصِير (adherent, booster, fan, partisan, sponsor), مُؤَيِّد (backer, confirming, follower, partisan, supporter), مُحَافِظ (conservative, fogy, governor, Tory, caretaker). Additional references: High Arabic, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| High German
| Erhalter (upholder), Verteidiger (defender, apologist, defenders, pleaders, back), der Erhalter (upholder), der Moralapostel (upholder of moral standards), Upholder-Klasse (Upholder class submarine). Additional references: High German, Germany, Austria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Hochdeutsch
| Erhalter (upholder), Verteidiger (defender, apologist, defenders, pleaders, back), der Erhalter (upholder), der Moralapostel (upholder of moral standards), Upholder-Klasse (Upholder class submarine). Additional references: Hochdeutsch, Germany, Austria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Hungarian
| híve vminek (devotee, to stand for, upholder, adherent), támogató (supporter, supporting, proponent, supportive, adherent). Additional references: Hungarian, Hungary, Austria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Italian
| sostenitore (backer, supporter, seconder, advocate, asserters), fautore (advocate, supporter, backer, mover, promoter). Additional references: Italian, Italy, Croatia, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Ivrit
| בויחב האור (upholder). Additional references: Ivrit, Israel, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Japanese
| 支持者 (supporter, prop, adherent, constituency, subscriber), 擁護者 (champ, protector, advocate, campaigner, champion), 室内装飾業者 (upholsterer, decorator, upholder). Additional references: Japanese, Japan, Taiwan, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Jing
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Jing, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Kinh
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Kinh, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Korean
| 지지자 (supporter, prop, stayer, sympathizer, proponent). Additional references: Korean, Korea, South, Korea, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Latvian
| aizstāvis (advocate, apologist, apostle, attorney, counsel). Additional references: Latvian, Latvia, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Latviska
| aizstāvis (advocate, apologist, apostle, attorney, counsel). Additional references: Latviska, Latvia, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Lettisch
| aizstāvis (advocate, apologist, apostle, attorney, counsel). Additional references: Lettisch, Latvia, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Lettish
| aizstāvis (advocate, apologist, apostle, attorney, counsel). Additional references: Lettish, Latvia, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Magyar
| híve vminek (devotee, to stand for, upholder, adherent), támogató (supporter, supporting, proponent, supportive, adherent). Additional references: Magyar, Hungary, Austria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Maori
| kaitautoko (supporter, advocate, backer, proponent, referee). Additional references: Maori, New Zealand, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Moldavian
| aderent (adherent, adhesive, clinging, fitted, henchman), adept (adherent, devotee, advocate, backer, champion), sustinator (backer, subsidiaries, subsidiary, upholder), sprijinitor (backer, adherent, ministrant, supporter, sympathizer), partizan (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, bushwhacker), ocrotitor (champion, screening, shielding, upholder), ajutor (help, aid, assistance, succour, succor). Additional references: Moldavian, Romania, Hungary, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| New Zealand Maori
| kaitautoko (supporter, advocate, backer, proponent, referee). Additional references: New Zealand Maori, New Zealand, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Parsi
| پيشه هر (upholder). Additional references: Parsi, Iran, Indo-European, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Persian
| پيشه هر (upholder). Additional references: Persian, Iran, Indo-European, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Persian (Farsi)
| پيشه هر (upholder). Additional references: Persian (Farsi), Iran, Indo-European, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Polish
| podpora (support, cantilever, prop, abutment, backbone), przestrzegać (abide, observe, obey, admonish, forewarn), promować (promote, advance, brevet, cap, doctor), popierać (advocate, support, back, favour, promote), podtrzymywać (uphold, sustain, bear, maintain, steady). Additional references: Polish, Poland, Czech Republic, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Polnisch
| podpora (support, cantilever, prop, abutment, backbone), przestrzegać (abide, observe, obey, admonish, forewarn), promować (promote, advance, brevet, cap, doctor), popierać (advocate, support, back, favour, promote), podtrzymywać (uphold, sustain, bear, maintain, steady). Additional references: Polnisch, Poland, Czech Republic, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Polski
| podpora (support, cantilever, prop, abutment, backbone), przestrzegać (abide, observe, obey, admonish, forewarn), promować (promote, advance, brevet, cap, doctor), popierać (advocate, support, back, favour, promote), podtrzymywać (uphold, sustain, bear, maintain, steady). Additional references: Polski, Poland, Czech Republic, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Portuguese
| sustentáculo (fulfil, prop, sinew, support, supporter), protetor (advocate, calkin, candle holder, clout, defender), partidário (adherent, acolyte, adept, partisan, friend), defensor (defender, advocate, defensive, protector, apologist), arrimo (backer, sustain, approach, come close, get closer), apoio (support, prop, backing, base, hold), upholder (upholder). Additional references: Portuguese, Portugal, Angola, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Romanian
| aderent (adherent, adhesive, clinging, fitted, henchman), adept (adherent, devotee, advocate, backer, champion), sustinator (backer, subsidiaries, subsidiary, upholder), sprijinitor (backer, adherent, ministrant, supporter, sympathizer), partizan (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, bushwhacker), ocrotitor (champion, screening, shielding, upholder), ajutor (help, aid, assistance, succour, succor). Additional references: Romanian, Romania, Hungary, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Rumanian
| aderent (adherent, adhesive, clinging, fitted, henchman), adept (adherent, devotee, advocate, backer, champion), sustinator (backer, subsidiaries, subsidiary, upholder), sprijinitor (backer, adherent, ministrant, supporter, sympathizer), partizan (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, bushwhacker), ocrotitor (champion, screening, shielding, upholder), ajutor (help, aid, assistance, succour, succor). Additional references: Rumanian, Romania, Hungary, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Ruotsi
| upprätthållare (conservator, conservators, upholder). Additional references: Ruotsi, Sweden, Finland, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Russian
| сторонник (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, pro). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Russian (transliteration)
| storonnik (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, pro). Additional references: Russian, Russia, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Russki
| сторонник (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, pro). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Russki (transliteration)
| storonnik (partisan, adherent, advocate, backer, pro). Additional references: Russki, Russia, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Serbian (transliteration)
| pristalica (adherent, disciple, abolitionist, advocate, backer), pomagač (assistant, abetter, abettor, accessary, accessory), podupirač (bracket, buttress, shore, stanchion, strut), branilja (upholder), branilac (apologist, defender, vindicator, advocate, assignee). Additional references: Serbian (transliteration), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Shkip
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Shkip, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Shqip
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Shqip, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Shqiperë
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Shqiperë, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Skchip
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Skchip, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Spanish
| apoyo (backing, support, buttress, countenance, help), el mayor defensor de (clearest upholder), el mayor defensor (clearest upholder), el más claro apoyo (clearest upholder), defensor (zealot, advocate, defender, champion, pleader). Additional references: Spanish, Spain, Mexico, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Svenska
| upprätthållare (conservator, conservators, upholder). Additional references: Svenska, Sweden, Finland, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Swedish
| upprätthållare (conservator, conservators, upholder). Additional references: Swedish, Sweden, Finland, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Tosk
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Tosk, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Turkish
| savunucu (advocate, champion, defender, defensive, apologist), savunan kimse (advocate, advocates, apologist, assertor, defender), korucu (ranger, guard, guards, woodsman, forest watchman), destek (support, backing, bracing, bracket, buttress), dava vekili (barrister, attorney, proctor, counsel, pleader), bekçi (warden, guard, keeper, watchman, warder), kamu düzeninin bekçisi (upholder of public order). Additional references: Turkish, Turkey, Bulgaria, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Ukrainian
| прихильник (adherent, henchman, sympathizer, upholder, apostle), підпірка (stanchion, backing, balk, chock, counterfort). Additional references: Ukrainian, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Ukrainian (transliteration)
| prikhilʹnik (adherent, henchman, sympathizer, upholder, apostle), pіdpіrka (stanchion, backing, balk, chock, counterfort). Additional references: Ukrainian, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Urdu
| اٹھانے والا۔ قائم رکھنے والا۔ تقویت دینے والا ۔حمائتی۔ حامی (upholder). Additional references: Urdu, Pakistan, India, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Viet
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Viet, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Vietnamese
| cái trụ (bearer, bearing, upholder). Additional references: Vietnamese, Viet Nam, China, upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Zhgabe
| përkrahës (abettor, adherent, advocate, allied, ally). Additional references: Zhgabe, Turkey (Europe), upholder. (volunteer & more translations) |
| Source: Eve, based on a combination of meta analysis and graph theory (for near and back translations). |
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