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Definition: Wine |
WineNoun1. Fermented juice (of grapes especially). 2. A red as dark as red wine. Verb1. Drink wine. 2. Treat to wine; "Our relatives in Italy wined and dined us for a week". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "wine" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Satire | WINE, n. Fermented grape-juice known to the Women's Christian Union as "liquor," sometimes as "rum." Wine, madam, is God's next best gift to man. Source: Devil's Dictionary. |
Bible | Wine The common Hebrew word for wine is _yayin_, from a root meaning "to boil up," "to be in a ferment." Others derive it from a root meaning "to tread out," and hence the juice of the grape trodden out. The Greek word for wine is _oinos_, and the Latin _vinun_. But besides this common Hebrew word, there are several others which are thus rendered. (1.) Ashishah (2 Sam. 6:19; 1 Chr. 16:3; Cant. 2:5; Hos. 3:1), which, however, rather denotes a solid cake of pressed grapes, or, as in the Revised Version, a cake of raisins. (2.) 'Asis, "sweet wine," or "new wine," the product of the same year (Cant. 8:2; Isa. 49:26; Joel 1:5; 3:18; Amos 9:13), from a root meaning "to tread," hence juice trodden out or pressed out, thus referring to the method by which the juice is obtained. The power of intoxication is ascribed to it. (3.) Hometz. See VINEGAR. (4.) Hemer, Deut. 32:14 (rendered "blood of the grape") Isa. 27:2 ("red wine"), Ezra 6:9; 7:22; Dan. 5:1, 2, 4. This word conveys the idea of "foaming," as in the process of fermentation, or when poured out. It is derived from the root _hamar_, meaning "to boil up," and also "to be red," from the idea of boiling or becoming inflamed. (5.) 'Enabh, a grape (Deut. 32:14). The last clause of this verse should be rendered as in the Revised Version, "and of the blood of the grape ['enabh] thou drankest wine [hemer]." In Hos. 3:1 the phrase in Authorized Version, "flagons of wine," is in the Revised Version correctly "cakes of raisins." (Comp. Gen. 49:11; Num. 6:3; Deut. 23:24, etc., where this Hebrew word is rendered in the plural "grapes.") (6.) Mesekh, properly a mixture of wine and water with spices that increase its stimulating properties (Isa. 5:22). Ps. 75:8, "The wine [yayin] is red; it is full of mixture [mesekh];" Prov. 23:30, "mixed wine;" Isa. 65:11, "drink offering" (R.V., "mingled wine"). (7.) Tirosh, properly "must," translated "wine" (Deut. 28:51); "new wine" (Prov. 3:10); "sweet wine" (Micah 6:15; R.V., "vintage"). This Hebrew word has been traced to a root meaning "to take possession of" and hence it is supposed that tirosh is so designated because in intoxicating it takes possession of the brain. Among the blessings promised to Esau (Gen. 27:28) mention is made of "plenty of corn and tirosh." Palestine is called "a land of corn and tirosh" (Deut. 33:28; comp. Isa. 36:17). See also Deut. 28:51; 2 Chr. 32:28; Joel 2:19; Hos. 4:11, ("wine [yayin] and new wine [tirosh] take away the heart"). (8.) Sobhe (root meaning "to drink to excess," "to suck up," "absorb"), found only in Isa. 1:22, Hos. 4:18 ("their drink;" Gesen. and marg. of R.V., "their carouse"), and Nah. 1:10 ("drunken as drunkards;" lit., "soaked according to their drink;" R.V., "drenched, as it were, in their drink", i.e., according to their sobhe). (9.) Shekar, "strong drink," any intoxicating liquor; from a root meaning "to drink deeply," "to be drunken", a generic term applied to all fermented liquors, however obtained. Num. 28:7, "strong wine" (R.V., "strong drink"). It is sometimes distinguished from wine, c.g., Lev. 10:9, "Do not drink wine [yayin] nor strong drink [shekar];" Num. 6:3; Judg. 13:4, 7; Isa. 28:7 (in all these places rendered "strong drink"). Translated "strong drink" also in Isa. 5:11; 24:9; 29:9; 56:12; Prov. 20:1; 31:6; Micah 2:11. (10.) Yekebh (Deut. 16:13, but in R.V. correctly "wine-press"), a vat into which the new wine flowed from the press. Joel 2:24, "their vats;" 3:13, "the fats;" Prov. 3:10, "Thy presses shall burst out with new wine [tirosh];" Hag. 2:16; Jer. 48:33, "wine-presses;" 2 Kings 6:27; Job. 24:11. (11.) Shemarim (only in plural), "lees" or "dregs" of wine. In Isa. 25:6 it is rendered "wines on the lees", i.e., wine that has been kept on the lees, and therefore old wine. (12.) Mesek, "a mixture," mixed or spiced wine, not diluted with water, but mixed with drugs and spices to increase its strength, or, as some think, mingled with the lees by being shaken (Ps. 75:8; Prov. 23:30). In Acts 2:13 the word _gleukos_, rendered "new wine," denotes properly "sweet wine." It must have been intoxicating. In addition to wine the Hebrews also made use of what they called _debash_, which was obtained by boiling down must to one-half or one-third of its original bulk. In Gen. 43:11 this word is rendered "honey." It was a kind of syrup, and is called by the Arabs at the present day dibs. This word occurs in the phrase "a land flowing with milk and honey" (debash), Ex. 3:8, 17; 13:5; 33:3; Lev. 20:24; Num. 13: 27. (See HONEY.) Our Lord miraculously supplied wine at the marriage feast in Cana of Galilee (John 2:1-11). The Rechabites were forbidden the use of wine (Jer. 35). The Nazarites also were to abstain from its use during the period of their vow (Num. 6:1-4); and those who were dedicated as Nazarites from their birth were perpetually to abstain from it (Judg. 13:4, 5; Luke 1:15; 7:33). The priests, too, were forbidden the use of wine and strong drink when engaged in their sacred functions (Lev. 10:1, 9-11). "Wine is little used now in the East, from the fact that Mohammedans are not allowed to taste it, and very few of other creeds touch it. When it is drunk, water is generally mixed with it, and this was the custom in the days of Christ also. The people indeed are everywhere very sober in hot climates; a drunken person, in fact, is never seen", (Geikie's Life of Christ). The sin of drunkenness, however, must have been not uncommon in the olden times, for it is mentioned either metaphorically or literally more than seventy times in the Bible. A drink-offering of wine was presented with the daily sacrifice (Ex. 29:40, 41), and also with the offering of the first-fruits (Lev. 23:13), and with various other sacrifices (Num. 15:5, 7, 10). Wine was used at the celebration of the Passover. And when the Lord's Supper was instituted, the wine and the unleavened bread then on the paschal table were by our Lord set apart as memorials of his body and blood. Several emphatic warnings are given in the New Testament against excess in the use of wine (Luke 21:34; Rom. 13:13; Eph. 5:18; 1 Tim. 3:8; Titus 1:7). Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of drinking wine, forebodes joy and consequent friendships. To dream of breaking bottles of wine, foretells that your love and passion will border on excess. To see barrels of wine, prognosticates great luxury. To pour it from one vessel into another, signifies that your enjoyments will be varied and you will journey to many notable places. To dream of dealing in wine denotes that your occupation will be remunerative. For a young woman to dream of drinking wine, indicates she will marry a wealthy gentleman, but withal honorable. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Food & Agriculture | Beverage made by the partial or complete fermentation of the juice of fresh grapes. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Wine A magnum of wine is two quarts; a tappit-hen of wine or rum is a double magnum; a jeroboam of wine or rum is a double "tappit-hen"; and a rehoboam (q.v.) is a double jeroboam. Wine The French say of wine that makes you stupid, it is vin d'âne; if it makes you maudlin, it is vin de cerf (from the notion that deer weep); if quarrel-some, it is vin de lion; if talkative, it is vin de pie; if sick, it is vin de porc; if crafty, it is vin de renard; if rude, it is vin de singe. (See below.) Win of ape (Chaucer). "I trow that ye have drunken win of ape"- i.e. wine to make you drunk; in French, vin de singe. There is a Talmud parable which says that Satan came one day to drink with Noah, and slew a lamb, a lion, a pig, and an ape, to teach Noah that man before wine is in him is a lamb, when he drinks moderately he is a lion, when like a sot he is a swine, but after that any further excess makes him an ape that senselessly chatters and jabbers. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Madeira is a fortified wine made on in the Madeira islands of Portugal, and is prized equally for drinking and cooking; the later use including the dessert plum in madeira.The method of vinification is similar to that employed in other parts of Portugal, but the method employed for hastening the maturation of the wine is peculiar and characteristic.
This consists in subjecting the wine, in buildings called estufas specially designed for this purpose, to a high temperature for a period of some months. This process is meant to duplicate the effect of a long sea voyage of the barrels through tropical climates. Madeira was originally unfortified, but the addition of grape spirits increased its ability to survive long voyages.
The temperature varies from 100° to 140° F. according to the quality of the wine, the lower temperature being used for the better wines. The buildings in which this process is carried out are built of stone and are divided into compartments heated by means of hot air derived from a system of stoves and flues.
Much of the characteristic flavor of Madeira is due to this practice, which hastens the mellowing of the wine and also tends to check secondary fermentation inasmuch as it is, in effect, a mild kind of pasteurization. Furthermore, the wine is deliberately exposed to air, causing it to oxidize. The resulting wine has a color not unlike a tawny port. Wine tasters sometimes describe an oxidized wine as being "maderized."
Exposure to extreme temperature and oxygen accounts for its stability; an opened bottle of Madeira will survive unharmed for a considerable time, up to a year. Properly sealed in bottles, Madeira is one of the longest lasting wines; Madeiras have been known to survive over 150 years in excellent condition. It is not uncommon to see Madeiras pushing the century mark for sale at stores that specialize in rare wine.
Before the advent of artificial refrigeration, Madeira wine was particularly prized in areas where it was impractical to construct wine cellars (such as parts of the southern United States) because unlike many other fine wines it could survive being stored over hot summers without significant damage. A favorite of Thomas Jefferson, it was held in high enough esteem to be used to toast the Declaration of Independence.
There are four major types of Madeira: Malmsey, Boal, Verdelho, and Sercial, the latter two being drier. Occaisonally one sees Terrantez. Madeira may be sold as a vintage wine with a specific year, or a solera wine with a minimum age, such as 10 years.
Madeira wine is prominently featured in the Flanders & Swann song "Have Some Madiera, M'Dear".
See also: Malmsey
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Madeira wine."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
''This article is about the beverage. There is another article on the software.''
Wine is an alcoholic beverage typically made from fermented fruit, usually grapes. The word come from Latin vinum, meaning vine.
Wine grape species
Wine is usually made from Vitis vinifera grapes from Europe. It can also be made from from Vitis labrusca, and hybrids of the two. Vitis labrusca, Vitis aestivalis, Vitis rupestris, Vitis rotundifolia and Vitis riparia are native North American grapes usually used for eating or grape juice but sometimes for wine, like Concord wine. Hybrids of vinifera with other species were originally developed to combine American hardiness and resistance to phylloxera with European flavor. Although only rarely used in traditional wine regions, hybrids are planted in substantial numbers in cool-climate viticultural areas.
Regional wine names
There are many types, kinds, and classifications of wine. Historically, wines have been known by names reflecting their origin, and sometimes style: Bordeaux, Rioja, and Chianti are all effectively trade names, reflecting the most popular wines produce by the named region. These "appellations" (as they are known in French) frequently dictate not only where the grapes in a wine were grown, but also which grapes went into the wine and how they were vinified. The appellation system is strongest in the European Union, but a related system, the American Viticulture Area, restricts the use of certain regional labels in America, such as Napa Valley and Willamette Valley. See wine producing regions for more examples.These historical designations can be confusing. For example, in the European Union, wine labeled "Champagne" must be made from grapes grown and fermented in the Champagne region of France. The United States (except Oregon) and Canada complicate this system by allowing the use of some European appellations as generic wine names:
In the U.S. these terms are known as semi-generics.
- Bordeaux
- Bourgogne (Burgundy)
- Champagne
- Chianti
- Asti
Some blended wines are marketing terms, and use of the name is governed by trademark or copyright law rather than a specific wine law.
- Meritage is generally a Bordeaux-style blend of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot, and may also include Cabernet Franc, Petit Verdot, and Malbec.
Varietal wines
As vintners and consumers have become aware of the characteristics of individual varieties of wine grapes, wines have also come to be identified by varietal names. Varietal wines are made primarily from a single variety of grape. In the U.S., the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau regulations specify a minimum varietal content of 75% of the labeled grape, for Vitis vinifera wines, and 51% for Vitis labrusca wines. There is no restriction on the identity of the balance. Many states in the United States require specific compositions to qualify for sale under a particular varietal labels. For example, in Oregon, wines subject to its regulation must be identified by the grape varietal from which it was made, and must contain at least 95% of that varietal.Some Vitis vinifera varietal wine examples:
Some hybrid varietals:
- Alicante Bouschet
- Barbera / Barberà
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cabernet Franc
- Carignane / Cariñena / Carignano
- Carmenere
- Chardonnay
- Chenin Blanc
- Dolcetto
- Gamay
- Garnatxa / Grenache / Garnacha
- Gewürztraminer
- Marsanne
- Merlot and White Merlot
- Moscato / Moscatell / Moscatel / Muscat
- Mourvedre / Mataro
- Nebbiolo
- Petite Sirah
- Pinot Blanc
- Pinot Noir
- Pinot Grigio / Pinot Gris
- Pinotage
- Riesling
- Roussanne
- Sangiovese
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Shiraz (also known as Syrah in France)
- Tempranillo
- Viognier
- Xarel·lo / Xarello
- Zinfandel and White Zinfandel
The major Vitis labrusca varietal wines:
- Aurore
- Baco noir
- Chambourcin
- Chancellor
- De Chaunac
- Marechal Foch
- Seyval Blanc
- Vidal Blanc
- Vignoles
The Vitis aestivalis
- Catawba
- Concord
- Delaware
- Niagra
- Ives
- Norton / Cynthiana - One of the few native North American grape species which can be used to make wine without the "foxy" attributes of labrusca.
Vintage and style
Wines may be classified by year of harvest (vintage). Vintage wines are generally made from grapes of a single year's harvest of a single variety, and so are dated. Many wines improve in flavor as they age and so wine enthusiasts often save bottles of a favorite vintage wine to enjoy in a few years' time. For most types of wine, the best-quality grapes and the most care in winemaking are employed on vintage wines - thus, they are generally more expensive than non-vintage varieties. Whilst a vintage wine is generally made in a single batch and thus each bottle from a particular vintage will taste the same, climactic factors tend to change the character of vintage wines grown from the same vines somewhat from year to year. Good vintages, particularly of premium grapes, therefore often sell for much more than average years. Some vintage wines are only made in better-than-average years. Conversely, wines such as White Zinfandels, which don't age well, are made to be drunk immediately and are not labeled with a vintage year.Wines may also be classified by vinification methods: sparkling, still, fortified, rosé, etc.
The colour of wine is determined by the presence or absence of the grape skin during fermentation, since most wine grapes have clear juice. Grapes with colored juice are known as teinturiers. Red wine is made from red (or black) grapes, but its red colour is bestowed by the skin being left in during fermentation. White wine can be made from any colour of grape, but the skin is not left in during fermentation. A white wine made from a very dark grape may appear pink or "blush" (Blush Wine). Rosé is a compromise between red and white - the skin of red grapes is left in for a short time during fermentation.
Fortified wines are often sweeter, always more alcoholic wines that have had their fermentation process stopped by the addition of a spirit such as Brandy:
Wines may also classified by their primary impression on the drinker's palate. Wines may be described as dry, off-dry, fruity, or sweet, for example. Specific flavors such as cherry, vanilla (usually from vinification in new oak barrels), new-mown grass, brine, raisin and dozens of others may also be sensed, at least by an experienced taster, due to the highly complex mix of organic molecules such as esters that a fully vinted wine contains.
- Marsala
- Madeira
- Sherry
- Port
Collectable wine
At the highest end, rare, super-premium wines are amongst the most expensive of all foodstuffs, and outstanding vintages from the best vineyards may sell for thousands of dollars per bottle. Red wines, at least partly because of their greater shelf life, are typically the most expensive. Such wines are often at their best years or sometimes decades after bottling.Many exclusive wines come from France, but California, Germany, and Australia also have some world-class wines in both quality and price. Secondary markets for these wines have consequently developed, as well as specialised facilities for post-purchase storage for people to "invest" in wine. The most common wines purchased for investment are Bordeaux and Port. Many wine writers have decried the trend, as it has pushed up prices to the point that few people will consider drinking such valuable commodities, and consequently they are kept in bottles undrunk where the eventually deteriorate into a substance very much like red wine vinegar in taste (and desirability).
Country wine
Country wines or fruit wines are made from anything that can be fermented, from flowers like dandelion (with added sugar), to berries, appless, stone fruits, vegetables, and even root crops like potatoes. Wine not made from grapes is generally qualified by the name of its major ingredient, for example, apple wine, palm wine or elderberry wine. Mead is sometimes called honey wine.Brandy is a distilled wine.
History
Wine was (like beer) known to be produced by the Babylonians about 5000BC and is one of the first known Biological engineering tasks, where the biological process of fermentation is used in a process.
Medical implications
The health effects of wine (and alcohol in general) are the subject of considerable ongoing debate and study. In the U.S., a boom in red wine consumption was touched off in the 1990s by 60 Minutes and other news reports on the French paradox.It now seems clear that a glass of wine daily does reduce mortality for those over the age of 35 or so. Sadly, this effect tails off, and significantly larger amounts show a negative impact on mortality. Compounds known as resveratrols are found in larger amounts in red wine, and there is some evidence that these are especially beneficial. Wine marketers have responded to the demand for healthy wines by producing wines (both red and white) with elevated levels of resveratrol.
Other studies have concluded both that wine is the best form of alcohol to consume, and alternately that the only important ingredient is ethanol.
Wine Quotations
- "... good company, good wine, good welcome, can make good people." -- William Shakespeare, Henry VIII.
- "Good wine is a necessity of life for me." -- Thomas Jefferson.
- "In vino veritas." -- a proverb (Latin for "In wine, truth") quoted by Alcibiades in Plato's Symposium.
- "Sorrow can be alleviated by good sleep, a bath and a glass of wine." -- Thomas Aquinas.
- "There is a devil in every berry of the grape." -- Koran.
- "WINE n. Fermented grape-juice known to the Women's Christian Union as "liquor," sometimes as "rum." Wine, madam, is God's next best gift to man. -- Ambrose Bierce, The Devil's Dictionary.
See also
- How to make wine
- Wine producing regions
- Cold Duck
- Commandaria
- Cooking Wine
- Dessert Wine
- Fume Blanc- typically a new world version of Pouilly Fume
- ice wine
- Liebfraumilch - A German wine
- May wine
- Pouilly-Fuisse- a white wine from the Burgundy region made from the chardonnay grape
- Pouilly-Fumé- a white wine from the Loire made from Sauvignon Blanc
- Retsina - A resinated Greek wine
- Sauterne
- Sangria Spanish: Red wine with fruit juices
- Spritzer
- Winefat
- Wine-press
- Wine Shorle German: red or white wine with soda water
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Wine."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
WINE is the name of a project that allows computers running a Unix operating system to run programs designed for the Microsoft Windows API. The name was derived from a recursive acronym "Wine Is Not an Emulator". Technically speaking, the claim made by this acronym is true, but to many of its users, Wine behaves much like an emulator, leading to the alternative expansion of the acronym as "WINdows Emulator." Wine is a free project, and as of March 2002 it is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License.
The Wine project began in 1993 and is still in development. The project probably orginated out of discussions on comp.os.linux, and the first working code was created by Eric Youngdale and Bob Amstadt. The reason Wine is not an emulator is that emulators tend to duplicate the whole environment a program runs in, including the simulation of a particular CPU architecture. Wine, instead, implements what could be called a compatibility layer, which provides an alternative to the Windows-specific libraries that windows programs call.
As of early 2003, Wine runs many well known programs, such as Lotus Notes and some versions of Microsoft Office, with varying levels of accuracy and stability. The use of native Microsoft Windows DLLs greatly increases the number of applications which can be run successfully. The involvement of Corel helped the project, chiefly employing for a time one of Wine's main coders, Alexandre Julliard, as well as providing other programmers. This help was motivated by Corel's porting of its own suite of office programs to Linux. However, due to financial difficulties, the effort has now stopped, and Corel has withdrawn their support.
Other organizations have made efforts to commercially support Wine, including CodeWeavers and TransGaming Technologies. CodeWeavers has developed Wine specifically for running Microsoft Office, and markets their version under the name CrossOver Office. TransGaming produces a version of Wine tailored towards running Windows games, and markets WineX on a subscription basis. The official Wine development is more directed towards a correct implementation of the Windows API as a whole, and lags somewhat behind in these areas.
The project has been time-consuming and difficult for developers, at least partially because of incomplete documentation of the Win32 API. Whilst most of the Win32 API functions are documented, there are areas such as file formats and protocols where Microsoft specifications do not exist, as well as undocumented low level functions. Consequently, the Wine team have had to reverse engineer some function calls and file formats, for example in the area of thunking.
Other projects which have incorporated WINE source code include Rewind (a BSD licensed fork of WINE) and ReactOS (an attempt at making a Windows NT compatible operating system).
External links
- Wine Development HQ
- CodeWeavers
- TransGaming Technologies
- WINE newsgroup (Google's web interface)
- Rewind
- ReactOS
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "WINE."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
WINE | English | Wine International Network Executive | Education |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: WineSynonyms: vino (n), wine-colored (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Drunkenness | Noun: drunkenness; Adjective: intemperance; drinking; Verb: inebriety, inebriation; ebriety, ebriosity; insobriety; intoxication; temulency, bibacity, wine bibbing; comtation, potation; deep potations, bacchanals, bacchanalia, libations; bender. |
Drink; alcoholic drinks; blue ruin, grog, port wine; punch, punch bowl; cup, rosy wine, flowing bowl; drop, drop too much; dram; beer; (beverage); aguardiente; apple brandy, applejack; brandy, brandy smash; chain lightning, champagne, gin, ginsling; highball, peg, rum, rye, schnapps, sherry, sling, uisquebaugh, usquebaugh, whisky, xeres. | |
Food | Wine, spirits, liqueur, beer, ale, malt liquor, Sir John Barleycorn, stingo, heavy wet; grog, toddy, flip, purl, punch, negus, cup, bishop, wassail; gin; (intoxicating liquor); coffee, chocolate, cocoa, tea, the cup that cheers but not inebriates; bock beer, lager beer, Pilsener beer, schenck beer; Brazil tea, cider, claret, ice water, mate, mint julep; near beer. beer, non-alcoholic beverage. |
Prediction | Coscinomancy; by a suspended ring, Dactyliomancy; by dots made at random on paper, Geomancy; by precious stones, Lithomancy; by pebbles, Pessomancy; by pebbles drawn from a heap, Psephomancy; by mirrors, Catoptromancy; by writings in ashes, Tephramancy; by dreams, Oneiromancy; by the hand, Palmistry, Chiromancy; by nails reflecting the sun's rays, Onychomancy; by finger rings, Dactylomancy; by numbers, Arithmancy; by drawing lots, Sortilege; by passages in books, Stichomancy; by the letters forming the name of the person, Onomancy, Nomancy; by the features, Anthroposcopy; by the mode of laughing, Geloscopy; by ventriloquism, Gastromancy; by walking in a circle, Gyromancy; by dropping melted wax into water, Ceromancy; by currents, Bletonism; by the color and peculiarities of wine, Oenomancy. |
Refrigerator | Noun: refrigerator, refrigeratory; frigidarium; cold storage, cold room, cold laboratory; icehouse, icepail, icebag, icebox; cooler, damper, polyurethane cooler; wine cooler. |
Unskillfulness | Mistake; take the shadow for the substance; (credulity); bark up the wrong tree; be in the wrong box, aim at a pigeon and kill a crow; take the wrong pig by the tail, get the wrong pig by the tail, get the wrong sow by the ear, get the dirty end of the stick; put the saddle on the wrong horse, put a square peg into a round hole, put new wine into old bottles. |
Vindication | Phrase: "honi sot qui mal y pense"; "good wine needs no bush." |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Some place warm, a place where the beer flows like wine, where beautiful women instinctively flock like the salmon of Capistrano (Dumb and Dumber; writing credit: Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly, and Bennett Yellin.) Ah yes, but no more 1966. Lets splurge! Bring us some fresh wine! The freshest you've got - this year (The Jerk; writing credit: Carl Reiner, written by Steve Martin and Carl Gottlieb.) I like to drink wine more than I used to. (The Godfather; writing credit: Francis Coppola and Mario Puzo. Based on the novel by Mario Puzo.) All right, but apart from the sanitation, medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, the fresh water system and public health, what have the Romans ever done for us (Life of Brian; writing credit: Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin.) I'm talkin' about a place where the beer flows like wine, where the women instinctively flock like the salmon of Capistrano (Dumb & Dumber; writing credit: Peter Farrelly; Bennett Yellin) | |
Lyrics | Red, red wine (Red Red Wine; performing artist: UB40) How his kisses taste sweet like wine (Invisible Man; performing artist: 98 Degrees; writing credit: Dane DeViller, Sean Hosein, and Steve Kipner) The wine was bled (Like A Stone; performing artist: AUDIOSLAVE) I drank your wine (Last Night; performing artist: Az Yet) Turning holy water into wine (EYES WITHOUT A FACE; performing artist: Billy Idol) | |
Clever | My books are water; those of the great geniuses are wine -- everybody drinks water. (references; author: Mark Twain) Age is important only if you're cheese and wine. (references; author: unknown) I love cooking with wine. Sometimes I even put it in the food. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Last of the Summer Wine (1973) Wine of India (1970) Women and Women Wine (1969) Noon Wine (1966) Women and Bong Wine (1951) | |
Song Titles | Kisses Sweeter Than Wine (performing artist: Jimmy Rogers) Sweet Cherry Wine (performing artist: Tommy James and the Shondells) Red, Red Wine (re-issue) (performing artist: UB40) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | District Conservationist Edward Romero working with a landowner raising grapes for wine in Arriba County, New Mexico. Credit: Jeff Vanuga. |  | Coca Wine. : For Fatigue of Mind and Body. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | [A person holding a bottle of wine in an automobile]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Wine-trucks at the wine market] / A. Castaigne. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | I'm glad you enjoyed it, Pip said as he watched the food and wine disappear. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | "Red" wine. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Huge wicker baskets filled with bottles of champagne in wine cellar, Champagny, France--Man holding bottle of champagne and two U.S. Army Nurses listening to shop talk of the proprietor of the winery. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Nine Nazi soldiers around two tables tasting Thüringian wine at opening ceremonies in Thüringen-Haus in Berlin. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Old wine press, John Bartram Park (Bartram's Gardens), Philadelphia, Pa. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Mouquin Restaurant & Wine Co., Sixth Avenue, New York, N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Wine rack" by Kevin Hillabolt Commentary: "A picture of our dusty wine rack." | "Girl drinking wine" by Marco De Moulin Commentary: "Girl drinking wine." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Alcaeus | Wine is a peep-hole on a man. |
Colin Powell | Bad news isn't wine. It doesn't improve with age. |
Hokekyo Sho | At the third cup, wine drinks the man. |
John Gay | From wine what sudden friendship springs! |
John Milton | Lords are lordliest in their wine. |
Robert Herrick | Outdid the meat, outdid the frolic wine. |
Robert Louis Stevenson | Wine is bottled poetry. |
The Bible | Wine that maketh glad the heart of man. |
Thomas Fuller | Wine hath drowned more men than the sea. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Magna Carta | 1215 | Let there be one measure of wine throughout our whole realm; and one measure of ale; and one measure of corn, to wit, "the London quarter"; and one width of cloth (whether dyed, or russet, or "halberget"), to wit, two ells within the selvedges; of weights also let it be as of measures. (reference) |
John Locke | 1690 | Bread, wine and cloth, are things of daily use, and great plenty; yet notwithstanding, acorns, water and leaves, or skins, must be our bread, drink and cloathing, did not labour furnish us with these more useful commodities: for whatever bread is more worth than acorns, wine than water, and cloth or silk, than leaves, skins or moss, that is wholly owing to labour and industry; the one of these being the food and raiment which unassisted nature furnishes us with; the other, provisions which our industry and pains prepare for us, which how much they exceed the other in value, when any one hath computed, he will then see how much labour makes the far greatest part of the value of things we enjoy in this world: and the ground which produces the materials, is scarce to be reckoned in, as any, or at most, but a very small part of it; so little, that even amongst us, land that is left wholly to nature, that hath no improvement of pasturage, tillage, or planting, is called, as indeed it is, waste; and we shall find the benefit of it amount to little more than nothing. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | During a further period of thirty months after the expiration of the first six months, this provision shall continue to be applied exclusively with regard to products which, being comprised in Section A of the First Category of the German Customs Tariff of December 25, 1902, enjoyed at the above-mentioned date (July 31, 1914) rates conventionalised by treaties with the Allied and Associated Powers, with the addition of all kinds of wine and vegetable oils, of artificial silk and of washed or scoured wool whether or not they were the subject of special conventions before July 31, 1914. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | But Mr. Elton had only drunk wine enough to elevate his spirits, not at all to confuse his intellects |
Through the Looking-Glass | Carroll, Lewis | I heard him then, for I had just Completed my design To keep the Menai bridge from rust By boiling it in wine. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | But the cuisine degenerated and became execrable, the wine, which had always been bad became frightful |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | It only made you feel a little sickish on account of the smell of the wine. |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | Give me a cup of wine. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | The smell from the ferment is not the rich odor of wine, but the smell of decay and chemicals |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | Sometimes we received wine and victuals from below, which were drawn up by pulleys |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Laser treatment is available to lighten and/or remove port wine stains. (references) | |
Ask your doctor if and how much beer, wine, or other alcoholic beverages you can drink during treatment. (references) | ||
The convulsions usually appear on the side of the body opposite the port wine stain and vary in severity. (references) | ||
Business | Recent trends have indicated that beer consumption per capita is decreasing, while wine is increasing. (references) | |
As a comparison between beer and wine consumption in Australia, the current per capita consumption of beer is 94 liters and wine around 19.7 liters. (references) | ||
Brazil is second to the U.S. in this market area. France leads in presses and crushing machinery used in the manufacture of wine, cider and fruit juices. (references) | ||
Economic History | Korea | Wine imports are increasing rapidly. (references) |
Ireland | The Irish wine market continues to grow. (references) | |
Ireland | U.S. wine exports to Ireland continue to grow. (references) | |
Political Economy | Moldova | The leading exports are foodstuffs, wine, tobacco, clothing, and footwear. (references) |
Georgia | Key exports are scrap metal, manganese, wine, mineral water, and agricultural products. (references) | |
TAIWAN | Taiwan will phase out the monopoly in wine and beer production after it accedes to the WTO. (references) | |
Trade | Ukraine | On some sorts of wine (champagne, sparkling wine) rates were lowered. (references) |
Barbados | Examples of excise tax rates are as follows: Sparkling Wine US$1.75 per liter. (references) | |
Turkey | Private traders may import wine through TEKEL only for use in hotels and restaurants. (references) | |
Travel | Egypt | Local and imported bottled water, both still and sparkling, is available, as are locally produced wine and beer. (references) |
Australia | Australia is winning international wine awards and its wine industry's export earnings are growing exponentially. (references) | |
Australia | Country towns often stage annual agricultural, food and wine festivals, and ethnic groups hold their own celebrations. (references) | |
Women | Ghana | The tribunal ruled that the woman had to compensate the teacher with a portion of rum, a pot of palm wine, and $6 (2,000 cedis). (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | EXCESS, n. In morals, an indulgence that enforces by appropriate penalties the law of moderation. Hail, high Excess -- especially in wine, To thee in worship do I bend the knee Who preach abstemiousness unto me -- My skull thy pulpit, as my paunch thy shrine. Precept on precept, aye, and line on line, Could ne'er persuade so sweetly to agree With reason as thy touch, exact and free, Upon my forehead and along my spine. At thy command eschewing pleasure's cup, With the hot grape I warm no more my wit; When on thy stool of penitence I sit I'm quite converted, for I can't get up. Ungrateful he who afterward would falter To make new sacrifices at thine altar! |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | Screw-off cap for company, boxed wine for leisure. |
Don Rickles | Yeah, it was. I don't remember the script, because you're always at the bar drinking peach wine, you know, going, to Yugoslavia. Long live Yugoslavia. |
Louise Ashby | I didn't drink or do anything for four years, and recently I spoke to my doctor and I said, do you think I can have the occasional glass of wine, and he said absolutely. So I have the occasional drink. |
Martha Stewart | You have to grow the rice. You have to make the rice wine vinegar to put in the rice. You have to catch the fish. You have to learn how to cut it up. It's a lot more complicated than it looks. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Wine" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.65% of the time. "Wine" is used about 6,275 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.65% | 6,253 | 1,554 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.33% | 21 | 76,261 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.02% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 6,275 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "wine" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Wine | Last name | 1,000 | 7,502 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "wine". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Ahian | N/A | Biblical | Brother of wine |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Australia | First Wine Fund Ltd. | United Kingdom | Majestic Wine plc |
| USA | Beringer Wine Estates Holdings, Inc. | ||
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "wine": "petillant" wine ♦ a bottle of the local wine ♦ a drop of wine ♦ a suspicion of wine ♦ a wine merchant ♦ a wine of quality ♦ adam's wine ♦ addicted to wine ♦ aged wine ♦ altar wine ♦ aperitif wine ♦ Apple wine ♦ artificially made wine ♦ barley wine ♦ Birch wine ♦ blush wine ♦ bordeaux wine ♦ bottle of wine ♦ bread and wine ♦ burgundy wine ♦ buzz wine ♦ by the color and peculiarities of wine ♦ California wine ♦ canary wine ♦ cape wine ♦ chateau wine ♦ coloured wine ♦ concrete oil of wine ♦ connoisseur of wine ♦ dessert wine ♦ drink wine ♦ Dry wine ♦ elderberry wine ♦ Ethereal oil of wine ♦ fine wine ♦ flat wine ♦ flowers of wine ♦ fortified wine ♦ fruit wine ♦ Ginger wine ♦ glass of wine ♦ good wine needs no bush ♦ gooseberry wine ♦ greenish coloured wine ♦ head space in a bottle of wine ♦ Heavy oil of wine ♦ High wine ♦ house wine ♦ in wine ♦ jug wine ♦ just a drop of wine ♦ kind of wine ♦ Lager wine ♦ licence to serve wine ♦ light wine ♦ Low wine ♦ maker of fortified wine ♦ mass wine ♦ matured wine ♦ may wine ♦ medicated wine ♦ medicinal wine ♦ mineral matter or wine ♦ mixed wine ♦ mulled and spiced wine ♦ mulled wine ♦ new wine ♦ new wine in old bottles ♦ new Zealand wine berry ♦ of wine ♦ oil of wine ♦ over a bottle of wine ♦ over the walnuts and the wine ♦ pale wine ♦ palm wine ♦ perl wine ♦ pink wine ♦ port wine ♦ put new wine into old bottles ♦ rape wine ♦ red wine ♦ retsina wine ♦ rhenish wine ♦ Rhine wine ♦ Rhone wine ♦ rice wine ♦ rich wine ♦ rosé wine ♦ rose wine ♦ sacramental wine ♦ seasoned wine ♦ small wine ♦ sops in wine ♦ sops of wine ♦ sparkling wine ♦ sparkling wine in stacks ♦ spiced wine ♦ spirit of wine ♦ spirits of wine ♦ stained wine ♦ stand a bottle of wine. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "wine": wine-and-cheese, wine-bar, wine-bars, wine-based, wine-bibber, wine-bibbing, wine-bidder, wine-bottle, wine-bottles, wine-breath, wine-brokers, wine-buff, wine-cellar, wine-cellars, wine-colored, wine-coloured, wine-conscious, wine-cooler, wine-cured, wine-dark, wine-drenched, wine-drinkers, wine-drinking, wine-exporting, wine-filled, wine-flagons, wine-flushed, wine-glass, wine-glasses, wine-glassful, wine-god, wine-growers, wine-growing, wine-harvest, wine-importing, wine-jar, wine-jars, wine-labels, wine-licensing, wine-like, wine-list, wine-lovers, wine-loving, wine-maker, wine-makers, wine-maker's yeast, wine-making, wine-mark, wine-merchant, wine-merchants, wine-numbed, wine-offerings, wine-olive-wheat, wine-pouch, Wine-press, wine-producers, wine-producing, wine-product, wine-production, wine-rack, wine-red, wine-resistant, wine-shipper, wine-shippers, wine-shipping, wine-shop, wine-shops, wine-skin, wine-smelling, wine-soaked, wine-sort, wine-stained, wine-stains, wine-swilling, wine-table, wine-tasting, wine-tastings, wine-tinged, wine-vat, wine-vinegar, wine-waiter, wine-wise. | |
Ending with "wine": made-wine, port-wine. | |
Containing "wine": liver-and-wine-roll, port-wine stain. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
wine | 9,996 | wine recipe | 650 |
french wine | 5,704 | wine glasses | 648 |
italian wine | 4,445 | wine club | 556 |
california wine | 3,315 | wine basket | 542 |
california wine tour | 2,750 | wine label | 510 |
wine rack | 2,176 | charles shaw wine | 502 |
wine country | 2,157 | red wine | 464 |
fine wine | 2,010 | wine online | 417 |
oregon wine | 1,880 | california red wine | 404 |
german wine | 1,458 | wine gift | 390 |
washington wine | 1,335 | wine enthusiast | 371 |
food and wine | 1,194 | wine tasting | 367 |
wine making | 1,133 | wine refrigerator | 353 |
wine country california | 1,025 | wine month | 340 |
wine spectator | 979 | wine bottle | 328 |
wine australia | 932 | wine storage | 327 |