Virgin Mary

  

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Virgin Mary

Definition: Virgin Mary

Virgin Mary

Noun

1. The mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics.

2. Bloody Mary without alcohol.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

 

Specialty Definition: Blessed Virgin Mary

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)


Blessed Virgin Mary
A traditional Catholic picture displayed sometimes in homes. It is sometimes displayed as part of a set. For accompanying image, see the Sacred Heart.

The Blessed Virgin Mary, sometimes shortened to The Blessed Virgin, is a traditional title specifically used by Roman Catholics, Anglo-Catholics and others to describe Mary, the mother of Jesus. It carries with it a belief not merely in the virginity of Mary, but of her continuing role within the church and in the life of ordinary catholics, for which Roman Catholicism in the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church (21 November 1964) passed during the Second Vatican Council granted her the title Advocate, Auxiliatrix, Adjutrix, and Mediatrix.

The Blessed Virgin Mary in Catholicism

Whereas many branches of christianity see Mary largely as a historical figure, Catholicism focuses on her as a living entity who can intercede with her son, Jesus Christ, on behalf of humanity. Marian devotions play a key part in the ritual and liturgy of Roman Catholicism, through feast days, special prayers and hymns. Her centrality in Catholic theology has been stressed by popes and saints thoughout the centuries. According to St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090 - 1153): "[Mary is called] the gate of heaven, because no one can enter that blessed kingdom without passing through her" while St. Bonaventure (1221 - 1274) wrote: "As the moon, which stands between the sun and the earth, transmits to this latter whatever it receives from the former, so does Mary pour out upon us who are in this world the heavenly graces that she receives from the divine sun of justice."

The Rosary

The most famous Marian prayer is the Rosary, a form of mantra in which an Our Father, ten Hail Marys and a Glory Be to the Father (together forming a 'decade of the Rosary') are repeated five times, to be followed by a prayer called the 'Hail Holy Queen' and the 'Litany'.

Other famous Marian prayers include the 'Magnificat'. Marian hymns include 'O Mary, we Crown Thee With Blossoms Today' and the 'Ave Maria'. The month of May is usually seen within traditional Roman Catholicism as a marian month.

Apparitions

The central role of Mary in the beliefs of Roman Catholicism is reflected in the fact that many Roman Catholic churches contain side altars dedicated to the Virgin Mary (see image below). Roman Catholicism also celebrates the Blessed Virgin Mary through major religious sites where it is claimed apparitions or appearances of the Virgin have occurred, often with claims by witnesses that messages to humanity were delivered. Among the most famous such sites of the alleged apparitions approved by the Roman Catholic Church are


Photograph of alleged Apparition in Zeitun, Egypt
Photograph claiming to show an apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Egypt in 1968. It was supposedly witnessed by Christian, Moslems and President Abdul Nasser, as well as captured by newspaper photographers and Egyptian television. Investigations by among others the Coptic Church and the police could find no explanation for the phenomenon. No devise was found within a radius of fifteen miles capable of projecting the image, while the sheer number of photographs from independent sources suggests that no photographic manipulation was involved.

Among the most famous unapproved sites of alleged apparitions are

Papal Marian Apparitions

It has also been claimed that apparitions were experienced by a number of popes, including Pope Leo XIII in 1884, Pope Pius XII at various stages during his papacy, and Pope John Paul II in 1981, while he recovered from an assassination attempt which occurred on the anniversary of the Fatima apparition. John Paul II's particular devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary is indicated in his coat of Arms (see below), which contains a large letter 'M'. He has also visited many of the most famous alleged apparition sites, notably Fatima, Lourdes and Knock.

Third Secret of Fatima


Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II
John Paul II's Coat of Arms contains the letter 'M' to indicate his devotion to Mary
Witnesses to these 'apparitions' claimed that the Blessed Virgin Mary urged humanity to repent from sinful ways and issued predictions as to events that would happen to humanity if repentance did not happen. The most famous such preduction is known as the Third Secret of Fatima, which the Vatican was accused of suppressing, due to the disturbing nature of its contents, which have been claimed to fortell among others a nuclear war, the deposition of the pope, the assassination of a pope, or the replacement of a pope by an imposter.1 The Vatican insists that the Third Secret refers to none of the above and released what it claimed was the full version. However it has never denied rumours that Pope John XXIII supplied the details of the Third Secret, which unlike the version published by Pope John Paul II included the description of a nuclear war, to Nikita Khrushchev (First Secretary2 of the USSR Communist Party), Harold Macmillan (Prime Minister of the United Kingdom) and John F. Kennedy (President of the United States) to influence them during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

One 'visionary', Sister Lucia, who on May 13, 1917 as a child states that she witnessed the Fatima apparition above a holmoak tree in Cova da Iria near Fatima, Portugal. In 1929 at Ponteverda, she claims to have experienced another 'visit' from the Blessed Virgin Mary, who told her:

Look, my daughter, at my Heart encircled by these thorns with which men pierce it at every moment by their blasphemies and ingratitude. You, at least, strive to console me, and so I announce: I promise to assist at the hour of death with the grace necessary for salvation all those who, with the intention of making reparation to me, will, on the first Saturday of five consecutive months, go to confession, receive Holy Communion, say five dacades of the beads, and keep me company for fifteen minutes while meditating on the fifteen mysteries of the rosary.

The Immaculate Conception


The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven
Catholic dogma proclaimed under papal infallibility by Pope Pius XII in 1950
In December 1854 Pope Pius IX controversially proclaimed the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception, finally concluding a debate that had existed within Catholic christianity from the earliest times, namely was Mary conceived with sin (a Maculate Conception, ie, did she possess Original Sin which according to the Book of Genesis had been bestowed on humans for disobeying God in the Garden of Eden, and which could only be lifted by Baptism), or conceived without sin (an Immaculate Conception), a special honour given on account of her status as the 'Mother of God'. Theologians, popes and Religious Orders had argued the issue for centuries. Pope Pius IX concluded the debate with his dogmatic decision, stating that "the Blessed Virgin Mary in the first instance of her conception was preserved exempt from all stain of original sin by a singular privilege and grace granted by God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race." (Ineffabilis Deus, issued on 8 December 1854). It was subsequently claimed that the Blessed Virgin Mary during her first appearance in Lourdes on 11 February 1858 announced to Bernadette Soubiroux "I am the Immaculate Conception". The term Immaculate Conception is also widely used within Catholicism to refer to the Virgin Mary.

Dogma of the Assumption

In 1950, using Papal Infallibility, in his encyclical Munificentissimus Deus Pope Pius XII proclaimed the Dogma of the Assumption, in which he stated that 'at the end of her earthly course, Mary was assumed into heavenly glory, body and soul'. He stated that "holy writers who ... employed statements and various images and analogies of Sacred Scripture to illustrate and to confirm the doctrine of the Assumption..." He also stated that he was relying both on scripture and on 'apostolic tradition'. As an infallible pronouncement, the Dogma of the Assumption is thus a mandatory belief for Roman Catholics. No pope since has issued an infallible dogma.

Mary as 'co-redeemer'


Side altar to the Blessed Virgin Mary
in St. Mary's Pro-Cathedral in Dublin
Some Catholics in the late twentieth century urged Pope John Paul II to infallibly declare Mary a co-redeemer (co-redemptrix) with Jesus. Professor Mark Miravalle of the Franciscan University in Steubenville in the United States launched a petition to urge Pope John Paul to make such a move, by designation Mary as Co-Redemptrix [co-redeemer], Mediatrix [mediator] of All Graces, and Advocate for the People of God. More than six million signatures were gathered from 148 countries. Signaturies included Mother Theresa of Calcutta, Cardinal John O'Connor of New York, 41 other cardinals and 550 bishops. However such a proposal was also heavily criticised by many catholics who suggested that only Christ could be a redeemer and that such an act would drive a wedge in relationships with other apostolic tradition christian faiths, notably the Orthodox faith and Anglicanism, neither of whom would accept such a designation. Though both Pope Pius XI in 1935 and Pope John Paul II himself in 1985 did use the word co-redemptrix to refer to Mary, no formal infallible dogma supporting such a designation has been issued, notwithstanding the petition.

Accusations of Idolatry

Many non-catholic christians have accused Roman Catholicism of idolatry in its focusing on Mary rather than on Jesus Christ. Some religious fundamentalists have accused Roman Catholics of adoring the Virgin Mary, in breach of the Ten Commandments, which condemn keeping 'false gods'. Roman Catholics insist that such claims mis-understand the nature of their devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary, which they argue does not involve any form of adoration but merely focuses on the Virgin Mary as the Mother of Christ, who in the view of generations of Roman Catholic theologans and saints is a living embodiment of motherhood and womanhood, whom they believe can intercede with her son for the good of humanity.

Marian Titles & Feast Days


Our Lady of Lourdes
frequently displayed image
commemorating Lourdes 'Apparition'
Among the most prominent Marian feast days in the Roman Catholic Calendar are


See also:

Footnotes

1 Some conservative catholics claim that Pope Paul VI was replaced by an imposter, supposedly an Italian actor, in 1972. Some websites claim a series of apparitions in New York by the Blessed Virgin took place in the 1970s confirming the 'switch', with the real Pope Paul kept drugged in the Vatican Palace, thus fulfilling what they claim is the real Third Secret of Fatima. However few give such claims, or the claims about the apparitions, much credence.
2 The office was later called General Secretary. 
External links



Our Lady of Perpetual Help 
a famous mediæval icon


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Mary, the mother of Jesus
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

In Christianity, Mary is the mother (by God) of Jesus Christ and the betrothed of Joseph. Mary is mentioned by name in each of the Gospels except the Gospel of John.
It is generally agreed that she was a young woman when she first became a mother, and that she died between 3 and 15 years after the crucifixion of Jesus. Christian theology holds that Jesus was a virgin birth. She is often called the Virgin Mary, Mother of God, Our Lady (Notre Dame, Nuestra Señora), Theotokos, or Madonna, in addition to being given many other titles.  She is also widely known to Catholics as St. Mary, Mother of the Church, Queen of All Saints, Queen of Angels, and Queen of Heaven.


Christian Tradition

Little is known of her personal history from the New Testament.  Her purported genealogy is given in Luke 3. According to Luke, she was of the tribe of Judah and the lineage of David (Ps. 132:11; Luke 1:32). She was cousin by marriage to Elisabeth, who was of the lineage of Aaron (Luke 1:36).  According to the Gospel of James (which, though not considered part of the New Testament, contains biographical material about Mary widely accepted by Orthodox and Catholic Christians) she was the daughter of Joakim and Anna. Before Mary's conception, Anna had been barren, and her parents were quite old when she was conceived.  They took her to live in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hanna took Samuel to the Temple as recorded in the Old Testament (Tanakh, Hebrew Bible).










While she resided at Nazareth with her parents, while betrothed to Joseph, the angel Gabriel announced to her that she was to be the mother of the promised Messiah while remaining a virgin (Luke 1:35). After this she went to visit her cousin Elisabeth, who was living with her husband Zacharias (probably at Juttah, Josh. 15:55; 21:16, in the neighbourhood of Maon), at a considerable distance, about 100 miles, from Nazareth. Immediately on entering the house she was saluted by Elisabeth as the mother of her Lord, and then forthwith gave utterance to her hymn of thanksgiving (Luke 1:46-56; comp. 1 Sam. 2:1-10). (This hymn is commonly known as the Magnificat.) After three months Mary returned to Nazareth to her own home. Joseph was told in a dream (Matt. 1:18-25) of her condition, and took her to his own home. Soon after this the decree of [[Augustus Caesar|
Augustus]] (Luke 2:1) required that they should proceed to Bethlehem (Micah 5:2), some 80 or 90 miles from Nazareth; and while they were there they found shelter in the inn provided for strangers (Luke 2:6, 7). But as the inn was crowded, Mary had to retire to a place among the cattle, and there she brought forth her son, who was called Jesus (Matt. 1:21), because he was to save his people from their sins. This was followed by the presentation in the temple, the flight into Egypt, and their return in the following year and residence at Nazareth (Matt. 2). Mary apparently remained in Nazareth for thirty uneventful years. During these years only one event in the history of Jesus is recorded, viz., his going up to Jerusalem when twelve years of age, where he was found among the doctors in the temple (Luke 2:41-52).  Probably also during this period Joseph died, for he is not mentioned again.

Mary was also present at the inauguration of Jesus' public ministry when, at the marriage in Cana, her intercession led to the first public miracle performed by Jesus (John 2:1-11). After this point, there is little mention of Mary in the Gospels until we find her at the cross along with her sister Mary, and Mary Magdalene, and Salome, and other women (John 19:26). Mary cradling the dead body of her son is a common motif in art, called a piet .

Of the roughly 100 people in the upper room after the Ascension on the day of Pentecost, she is one of the handful who are named (Acts 1:14). From this time she wholly disappears from the historical biblical accounts, although it is held by many Christians that she is again portrayed as the heavenly Woman of Revelation (Revelation 12.1).  

Her death is not recorded in Scripture. According to Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox tradition, between three and fifteen years after Christ's Ascension, in either Jerusalem or Ephesus, she died while surrounded by the apostles. Later when the apostles opened  her tomb, they found it empty and concluded that she had been bodily assumed into Heaven. (A tomb in Jerusalem is attributed to Mary, but it was unknown until the 6th century.)


Beliefs


Immaculate Conception of Mary

The Immaculate Conception is a doctrine unique to the Roman Catholic Church, and is rejected by both Eastern Orthodoxy and by Protestantism, albeit for very different reasons.


Veneration of Mary

Both Catholics and Orthodox Christians venerate Mary by praying to her: kneeling in front of her images (statues, in the case of most Catholics, and icons in the case of the Orthodox), and entreating her aid.  Both Catholics and Orthodox make a clear distinction between such veneration (which is also due to the other saints) and worship, which is due to God alone.  Mary, they point out, is not in herself divine, and has only such powers to help as are granted to her by God in response to her prayers.  Roman Catholicism distinguishes three forms of honour: "latria", due only to God, and usually translated by the English word adoration; "hyperdulia", accorded only to the Blessed Virgin Mary, usually translated simply as veneration; and "dulia", accorded to the rest of the saints, also usually translated as veneration. 

Others, both Christians and non-Christians, reject the distinction between veneration and worship, and consider all these practices to be idolatry or unlawful worship.  

Even some early Protestants venerated Mary.  Martin Luther said Mary is "the highest woman", that "we can never honour her enough", that "the veneration of Mary is inscribed in the very depths of the human heart", and that we should "wish that everyone know and respect her".  Veneration of Mary was later, not primarily but secondarily, rejected as a result of iconoclasm and disbelief in human mediators (intercessors).


Virgin Birth of Jesus

The Apostles Creed and Nicene Creed both refer to Mary as "the Virgin Mary". This alludes to the belief that Mary conceived Jesus through the action of God the Holy Spirit, and not through normal intercourse with Joseph or anyone else. That she was a virgin at this time is affirmed by Eastern Christianity, Roman Catholicism and by many Protestants (though not by all Protestants).

Historic Christianity, including modern-day Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy, teaches that she was a virgin before, during, and after giving birth to Jesus. Islam also takes this position, which is stated explicitly in the Qur'an.  Some Protestants also hold this view, while many others believe that she was a virgin when she gave birth to Jesus, but that she later was not and had other children with Joseph the Betrothed. Catholics and Orthodox explain references to Jesus' brothers as either cousins, or as half brothers who were Joseph's children by a prior marriage.

Persons who are neither Christians nor Muslims generally doubt that Mary was a virgin when she gave birth to Jesus.

The Gospel of Matthew describes Mary as a virgin who fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah 7:14.  The passage in Isaiah, in the Hebrew Masoretic Text, stated that a young woman would give birth to the Messiah. Some scholars believe that the Greek language Septuagint, which the author of Matthew would have used as his Bible, mistranslated the Hebrew word for young woman, "almah", into the Greek word "parthenos", meaning virgin.  This suggests that the origin of the belief that Mary was a virgin derived from an attempt by Matthew at describing the fulfillment of a prophecy that was actually not made. However, many scholars find evidence that the Septuagint was translated from a different Hebrew text that has since been lost, based on comparisons between existing Masoretic texts, Septuagint texts, Dead Sea Scrolls, and some Samaritan texts. If so, then it is impossible to compare the Septuagint with the Hebrew text its translators used, and it remains possible that the Septuagint has an equally valid translation of Isaiah's prophecy.

In the academic community, controversy surrounds the interpretation of this passage. According to almost all non-Christian biblical scholars, many liberal Christian biblical scholars, and also according to Jewish tradition, the prophecy only describes events during the rule of King Ahaz of Judea. The prophet is giving information to the King about an event that will soon be made known to him. The text is clearly not about someone being born centuries later. However, soon after the development of Christianity a new way to read this text was born, one in which Isaiah was not only giving prophetic comfort to his peers, but was also cryptically forecasting the coming Messiah.

St. Irenaeus of Lyons observed in the second century that the Jews themselves translated the word "virgin" well before the time of Jesus; he attributes the translation "young woman" to Theodotian the Ephesian and Aquila of Pontus, both Jewish proselytes who published new translations of the Tanakh in the second century. Thus the universal acceptance of it in the Jewish community as meaning "young woman" apparently came about in response to the development of Christianity. Irenaeus reinterprets many prophecies by David, Moses, and Daniel as also predicting a virgin birth, and demonstrates why the messiah could not be born of Joseph (Against Heresies, Book III, Chapter 21.). Jews and Christians have disagreed about the interpretation of these and other prophecies since the birth of Christianity.


Perpetual Virginity

That Mary remained a virgin after the birth of Jesus has been accepted by most Christians until comparatively recent times.  Of the early fathers of the Church, only Tertullian seems to have questioned the teaching.  Both the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches insist on it, as do Muslims.  The most prominent leaders of the Reformation, Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin also defended the perpetual virginity of Mary against those who questioned it.

Later generations of Protestants, however, abandoned the traditional teaching, citing references to "brothers" of Jesus Christ in the New Testament.  Defenders of the teaching, including John Calvin, have pointed out that Aramaic, the language spoken by Christ and his disciples, lacked a specific word for "cousin," so that the word "brother" was used instead.


Dormition and Assumption

The belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary was formally declared to be dogma by Pope Benedict XIV in the encyclical De Festis B.V.M.; Roman Catholics must therefore hold the doctrine as being necessary to salvation.  Pope Pius XII, in Munificentissimus Deus [1], reiterated "We pronounce, declare, and define it to be a divinely revealed dogma: that the Immaculate Mother of God, the ever Virgin Mary, having completed the course of her earthly life, was assumed body and soul into heavenly glory."  The establishment of this dogma as "necessary to salvation" is widely taken to be an example of the Pope's invoking papal infallibility. The Feast of the Assumption is celebrated on August 15.

At the time that this dogma was promulgated, there was a strong sentiment among many Catholics that the immaculately conceived and sinless Mother of God would not have suffered death (which is "the wages of sin"), but was instead taken up alive into heaven like Elijah the Prophet.  For this reason, the dogma was deliberately so worded ("when the course of her earthly life was finished") as to allow faithful Catholics to believe either hypothesis: that Mary was assumed bodily into heaven without dying, or that her incorrupt body was assumed into heaven after her death. 

Judging from the sources quoted in Munificentissimus Deus, Pius XII himself almost certainly rejected the notion of Mary's "immortality" (the idea that she never suffered death) in favor of the more widely accepted understanding that her assumption took place after her physical death.

The tradition of the Eastern Orthodox Church holds that Mary died, and that after her death and burial, she was resurrected and taken up bodily into heaven.  This two-fold event is celebrated as the Dormition ("falling asleep") of the Theotokos. The Feast of the Dormition is celebrated on August 15, and is preceded by a fourteen day fast from meat and dairy products, the third longest fast of the liturgical year after Great Lent and Winter Lent.  Despite the great importance of this feast in the Orthodox liturgical calendar, it is not, as in the Catholic Church, considered a matter of dogma, since it has not been formally defined by any ecumenical council accepted by the Orthodox.

For Orthodox and Catholics alike, Mary's assumption is seen as a concrete and present instance of the resurrection of the body; a belief asserted by virtually all Christians in the creeds, yet often replaced in the popular imagination by a more shadowy spiritual immortality.


Theotokos

At the Third Ecumenical council, the Council of Ephesus, it was decided that it was entirely appropriate to refer to Mary as the Theotokos, a Greek word which can be translated as "God bearer" or "Mother of God."  This was to emphasize that Mary's child, Jesus Christ, was in fact God.  She is often referred to as "Theotokos" in Eastern Orthodox hymns. She is also one of the most highly venerated saints in both the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Church; several major feast days are devoted to her each year. (See Liturgical year.) Protestants have generally been less enthusiastic about the cult of the Virgin than their Catholic and Orthodox cousins, often arguing that if too much attention is focussed on Mary, there is a danger of detracting from the worship due to God alone.

Some non-Christians, particularly followers of Wicca, link Mary to the Earth Mother of various Neo-pagan traditions.  Some Buddhists have even been known to link Mary to Kwan-Yin of various Chinese Buddhist faiths.


See also


External Link


Further reading


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Virgin Mary
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The term Virgin Mary has a several different meanings:


This is a disambiguation page, that is, one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name. If you followed a link here, you might want to go back and fix that link to point to the appropriate specific page.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Virgin Mary."
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Virgin Mary (cocktail)
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Virgin Mary is the name of a popular non-alcoholic cocktail. It is a Bloody Mary made without vodka. Therefore, it is essentially tomato juice, possibly with extra spices.

This cocktail is named after Mary, the mother of Jesus, by analogy with the fact that the Bloody Mary was named after Mary I of England.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Virgin Mary (cocktail)."
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Synonym: Virgin Mary
Synonym: bloody shame (n). (additional references)
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Crosswords: Virgin Mary
English words defined with "Virgin Mary": Annunciation, Annunciation Day, Ave Maria, Ave Mary ♦ Deiparous ♦ Hail Mary, Hyperdulia ♦ Immaculate Conception ♦ lady chapel, Lady Day, Lady Mass, Ladykin, Little Office ♦ Madonna, Magnificat, March 25, Marian, Mariolater, Mariolatry, Mary ♦ Our Lady ♦ pieta ♦ Socinianism, Stabat Mater ♦ The Blessed Virgin, The Virgin. (references)
Specialty definitions using "Virgin Mary": Breaking a Stick ♦ Collyridians ♦ Dying Sayings ♦ Joachim ♦ Knight of the Bleeding Heart ♦ Loretto ♦ Maiden Lane, Mattan ♦ Nose Literature ♦ Pagan Works of Art, Pieta', Pigs, Public-house Signs ♦ Relics ♦ Santa Casa ♦ Virgin Mary's Guard. (references)
Etymologies containing "Virgin Mary": Maidmarian. (references)
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Modern Usage: Virgin Mary
DomainUsage
Screenplays
You goddamned communist heathen, you had best sound off that you love the Virgin Mary, or I'm gonna stomp your guts out (Full Metal Jacket; writing credit: Gustav Hasford; Michael Herr)
In the quiet words of the Virgin Mary come again (Snatch.; writing credit: Guy Ritchie)
Lord, place the steel of the Holy Spirit in my spine and the love of the Virgin Mary in my heart (Gangs of New York; writing credit: Jay Cocks)
The virgin Mary speaks to me. She says you must go to Tiffany (The Osbournes; writing credit: Liliana Abud; Jaime García Estrada)
It means like, Virgin Mary. It means they think you look like a goody-goody (Gilmore Girls; writing credit: Povl Erik Carstensen; Sebastian Dorset)
Movie/TV Titles
Intimate Portrait: Virgin Mary (1996)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
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Commercial Usage: Virgin Mary
DomainTitle
Books
  • Alone of All Her Sex: Myth and Cult of Virgin Mary (reference)
  • Divine Mirrors: The Virgin Mary in the Visual Arts (reference)
  • Mary: The Virgin Mary in the Life and Writings of John Henry Newman (reference)
  • Mary's House: The Extraordinary Story Behind the Discovery of the House Where the Virgin Mary Lived and Died (reference)
  • The Virgin Mary and the Priesthood (reference)
    (more book examples)
  
Theater & Movies
  • Intimate Portrait: Virgin Mary (reference)
  • The Virgin Mary in Art (Renaissance to Reformation) (reference)
    (more DVD examples; more video examples)
  
Music
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
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Image Slideshow: Virgin Mary
Photos:
Virgin Mary
More pictures...
Illustrations:
Virgin Mary
More pictures...
Computer Images:
Virgin Mary
More pictures...
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Photo Album: Virgin Mary
ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit
A statue of the Virgin Mary on Isla Gorgona. Credit: Small World.
Statue by Michelangelo Buonarotti of the Virgin Mary holding dead body of Jesus Christ. Credit: Library of Congress.
Saint, possibly Virgin Mary, standing on cloud surrounded by cherubs. Credit: Library of Congress.
Franciscan Monastery, 14th and Quincy Sts. N.E. Virgin Mary statue in niche to right of metal fence. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.
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Use in Literature: Virgin Mary
TitleAuthorQuote
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
Joyce, James
On the wall of his bedroom hung an illuminated scroll, the certificate of his prefecture in the college of the sodality of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
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Expressions: Virgin Mary
Expressions using "Virgin Mary": the virgin mary ♦ visitation of the blessed virgin mary. Additional references.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Virgin Mary
The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
virgin mary
1,280
virgin mary picture
81
virgin mary apparition
76
blessed virgin mary
69
sighting of the virgin mary
63
virgin mary statue
26
virgin mary appearance
18
little office of the blessed virgin mary
13
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
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Modern Translation: Virgin Mary
Language Translations for "Virgin Mary"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Arabic 
  
‏السيدة مريم العذراء. (various references)
   
Finnish
  
neitsyt Maria (the Virgin Mary). (various references)
   
French
  
visitation de la vierge (visitation of the blessed virgin mary). (various references)
   
German
  
jungfrau maria. (various references)
   
Greek 
  
βαγγελίστρα, παρθένοσ μαρία. (various references)
   
Irish
  
muire (the Virgin Mary). (various references)
   
Japanese Kanji 
  
聖母  (emperor's mother). (various references)
   
Japanese Katakana 
  
せいぼ (emperor's mother, end of the year, one's real mother, year-end gift). (various references)
   
Manx
  
Laa'l Moirrey Toshee (Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary). (various references)
   
Pig Latin
  
irginvay arymay.(various references)
   
Portuguese
  
virgem maria. (various references)
   
Russian 
  
богородица (Our Lady). (various references)
   
Scottish
  
Oigh Muire (The Virgin Mary). (various references)
   
Serbo-Croatian
  
bogorodica (madonna). (various references)
   
Turkish
  
meryem ana (holy virgin, Madonna, Maria, Mary, our lady, the virgin mary, virgin mother). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.
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Ancestral Language Translations: Virgin Mary
LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern
Virgo. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
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Bible Trace: Virgin Mary
LanguageDateSource1 Corinthians Chapter 7, Verse 28
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintEan de kai ghmhV ouc hmarteV kai ean ghmh h parqenoV ouc hmarten qliyin de th sarki exousin oi toioutoi egw de umwn feidomai

Latin405VulgateSi autem acceperis uxorem non peccasti et si nupserit virgo non peccavit tribulationem tamen carnis habebunt huiusmodi ego autem vobis parco

Middle English1395WyclifBut if thou hast takun a wijf, thou hast not synned; and if a maidun is weddid, sche synnede not; nethelesse siche schulen haue tribulacioun of fleisch.
Renaissance English1526TyndaleBut and yf thou take a wyfe thou synnest not. Lykwyse if a virgin mary she synneth not. Neverthelesse soche shall have trouble in their flesshe: but I faver you.
Jacobean English1611King JamesBut and if thou marry, thou hast not sinned; and if a virgin marry, she hath not sinned. Nevertheless such shall have trouble in the flesh: but I spare you.
Victorian English1833WebsterBut if thou marry, thou hast not sinned: and if a virgin marry, she hath not sinned. Nevertheless, such will have trouble in the flesh; but I spare you.

Basic English1964OgdenIf you get married it is not a sin; and if an unmarried woman gets married it is not a sin. But those who do so will have trouble in the flesh. But I will not be hard on you.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
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Matched Bible Translations: Virgin Mary
Language1 Corinthians Chapter 7, Verse 28
CebuanoApan kon ugaling mangasawa ka man, dili ikaw makasala; ug kon ang dalaga mamana, siya dili makasala. Ngani sila nga mga minyo mahisangko sa mga kalibug nga kalibutanon, ug buot ko unta nga luwason kamo gikan niini.
CroatianAli ako se i oženiš, nisi sagriješio; i djevica ako se uda, nije sagriješila. Ali takvi æe imati tjelesnu nevolju, a ja bih vas rado poštedio.
DanishMen om du også gifter dig, synder du ikke; og om en Jomfru gifter sig, synder hun ikke; dog ville sådanne få Trængsel i Kødet. Men jeg skåner eder.
DutchMaar indien gij ook trouwt, gij zondigt niet; en indien een maagd trouwt, zij zondigt niet. Doch dezulken zullen verdrukking hebben in het vlees; en ik spare ulieden.
FinnishMutta jos menetkin naimisiin, et syntiä tee; ja jos neitsyt menee naimisiin, ei hänkään tee syntiä; mutta ne, jotka niin tekevät, joutuvat kärsimään ruumiillista vaivaa, ja siitä minä tahtoisin teidät säästää.
FrenchSi tu t`es marié, tu n`as point péché; et si la vierge s`est mariée, elle n`a point péché; mais ces personnes auront des tribulations dans la chair, et je voudrais vous les épargner.
GermanSo du aber freist, sündigst du nicht; und so eine Jungfrau freit, sündigt sie nicht. Doch werden solche leibliche Trübsal haben; ich verschonte euch aber gern.
Haitian CreoleSi l' ta vle marye tou, li mèt; li p'ap fè ankenn peche. Konsa tou, si yon jenn fi vle marye, li pa fè peche pou sa. Men, moun k'ap marye yo pral gen kont traka yo nan lavi a. Mwen pa ta renmen wè sa rive yo.
HungarianDe ha veszel is feleséget, nem vétkezel; és ha férjhez megy is a hajadon, nem vétkezik ; de az ilyeneknek háborúságuk lesz a testben. Én pedig kedveznék néktek.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariTetapi kalau Saudara kawin, itu bukan dosa. Begitu juga kalau seorang gadis kawin, tidak berarti ia berdosa. Hanya, mereka yang kawin itu akan menghadapi banyak kesusahan. Dan saya ingin Saudara terhindar dari kesusahan-kesusahan itu.
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaTetapi jikalau engkau kawin, tiadalah engkau berdosa, dan jikalau seorang perawan kawin, tiadalah ia berdosa. Tetapi orang yang sedemikian itu akan ditimpa oleh kesukaran dirinya. Maka aku ini sayangkan kamu.
MaoriOtiia ki te marena koe, kahore ou hara; a ki te marena te wahine, kahore ona hara. Otiia tera e pa mai he whakararu i te kikokiko ki taua hunga pena: heoi me ata hanga ahau ki a koutou.
NorwegianMen om du også gifter dig, synder du ikke, og om jomfruen gifter sig, synder hun ikke; men de som det gjør, vil få trengsel for sitt kjød, jeg derimot vil spare eder.
PortugueseMas, se te casares, não pecaste; e, se a virgem se casar, não pecou. Todavia estes padecerão tribulação na carne e eu quisera poupar-vos.   
RumanianKnsq, dacq te knsori, nu pqcqtuiewti. Dacq fecioara se mqritq, nu pqcqtuiewte. Dar fiinyele acestea vor avea necazuri pqmkntewti, wi eu aw vrea sq vi le cruy.
Russianч ТПЮЕН, ЕУМЙ Й ЦЕОЙЫШУС, ОЕ УПЗТЕЫЙЫШ; Й ЕУМЙ "ЕЧЙ"Б ЧЩК"ЕФ ЪБНХЦ, ОЕ УПЗТЕЫЙФ. оП ФБЛПЧЩЕ 'Х"ХФ ЙНЕФШ УЛПТ'Й  П  МПФЙ; Б НОЕ ЧБУ ЦБМШ.
ShuarTura nuatkumka Tunáa Túratsme. Nuwasha iniurtukka niisha Tunáa Túrachuiti. Túrasha nuatnaikiaru itiurchatan ti Wáinkiartatui ju nunkanam. Nú itiurchatnumia wi uwemtikraintjai.
SwahiliLakini ikiwa utaoa hutakuwa umetenda dhambi; na msichana akiolewa hatakuwa ametenda dhambi. Hao watakaooana watapatwa na matatizo ya dunia hii, lakini mimi ningependa hayo yasiwapate ninyi.
SwedishOm du likväl skulle gifta dig, så syndar du icke därmed; ej heller syndar en jungfru, om hon gifter sig. Dock komma de som så göra att draga över sig lekamliga vedermödor; och jag skulle gärna vilja skona eder.
UmaAga ane hadua kabilasa doko' motobinei, uma wo'o-hawo napojeko' -ki. Pai' ane hadua toronaa doko' motomanei, uma wo'o napojeko' -ki. Aga toe-wadi: tauna to ncamoko bate mporata kasusaa' hi rala dunia' toi. Pai' konoa-ku bona neo' -koi narumpa' kasusaa' toe.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
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Anagrams: Virgin Mary
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
Words within the letters "a-g-i-i-m-n-r-r-v-y"
-2 letters: arriving, marrying.
-3 letters: marring, varying, yirring.
-4 letters: aiming, airing, arming, grainy, margin, maying, mayvin, miring, raring, raving, raying, riming, riving, vimina, virgin.
-5 letters: angry, animi, gamin, garni, gnarr, grain, gravy, grimy, inarm, invar, iring, mangy, marry, marvy, mavin, mingy, rainy, rangy, ravin, virga, vying.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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INDEX
 1. Definition 
 2. Synonyms 
 3. Crosswords 
 4. Usage: Modern 		 5. Usage: Commercial 
 6. Images: Slideshow 
 7. Images: Photo Album 
 8. Quotations: Fiction 		 9. Expressions 
 10. Expressions: Internet 
 11. Translations: Modern 
 12. Translations: Ancient 		 13. Bible Trace 
 14. Anagrams 
 15. Bibliography 


  
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