Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Training |
TrainingNoun1. Activity leading to skilled behavior. 2. The result of good upbringing (especially knowledge of correct social behavior); "a woman of breeding and refinement". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "training" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Electrical Engineering | The training of the muscles and organs of the body by means of systematic exercise. Source: European Union. (references) |
Food & Agriculture | The pruning, shaping and supporting of vines, particularly of young vines, according to a definite plan. Source: European Union. (references) |
Military & Defense | Systematic instruction and programs of activities and learning for the purpose of acquiring skills for particular jobs. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
.Boxing training is a training method that has been often called by medical doctors, boxing trainers and writers alike, one of the most spartan forms of sports training.A boxer's training depends largely on the point in their career at which she or he is situated. If the boxer is just a beginner, it consists of learning how to hit the punching bag, the speed bag and the crazy bag as well as doing shadow boxing in front of a mirror, skipping, sit ups, push ups, back pull ups, pull ups and jogging every day, as well as an occasional practice bout inside the ring might be enough.
But for the amateur or professional boxer preparing for a competition or bout, that training might also include getting up at 5 am to jog, flying to a far away place to get isolated during 2 or more months before the fight, dieting, doing the same gym routine as a beginner, only that twice every day, getting to the fight city two weeks before the fight to get used to the location's climate, and, in the most extreme cases, stopping to eat anything solid before the official weigh-in ceremony or bingeing on a lot of food after it. In some very extreme cases, boxers have been forced to stop eating solid food up to three days before the weigh-in ceremony, in order to make weight for the fight. Sometimes, if a boxer doesn't make the weight agreed for on the first weight-in, he or she might go to a sauna or to jog with a jacket to sweat and lose the extra pounds. While fighters often go sightseeing in the places they go to for fights, they usually prefer to leave most sightseeing activities to the day after the fight, where they usually still have one full day free before returning home. They prefer to wait until then, because the days before the fight they want to keep training to keep the good shape and make sure they will have the right weight during the weight-in.
These methods are used to keep them in a good physical condition and to prevent them from getting hurt or killed during fights. In the last 30 years, new training methods, along with rules by the IBF, WBA, WBC and WBO, new technology and medical reforms have helped diminish boxing fight casualties.
Basic boxing training equipment includes:
- Heavy Bag Gloves: Created to prevent the hands from getting hurt while hitting the heavy bag, these gloves are lighter than boxing gloves, reducing the risk of wrist injury while hitting the Heavy bag.
- Boxing Gloves: Contrary to popular belief, these were designed to protect the boxer's hands, not the opponent's head. But because they are used in real boxing fights, they are also essential in practice fights.
- Boxing headgear: Used to protect boxers from receiving an unnecessarily damaging blow during a practice bout, and also used in the amateur boxing ranks.
- Mouthpiece: to protect the boxer's teeth and tongue in all types of bouts, including practice bouts.
- Skipping rope: Used to improve footwork and agility, and for aerobic fitness.
- Focus Pads: Worn on the trainers hands for boxer to strike and practice combinations.
- The Heavy Bag: Used to teach young boxers where exactly to hit an opponent and for all kinds of boxers to practice their combinations.
- The Speed Bag: Used to improve hand speed and hand-eye coordination.
- The Crazy Bag: The Crazy Bag is hooked up by two thin ropes to the gym's ceiling and floor, and because of that, it moves around easily, giving the boxer good equipment for target practice and timing.
- The Medicine Ball: Usually used by trainers to throw at the boxer's stomach, so that they can learn to take a body punch well.
- The Mirror: Used by boxers to do shadow boxing.
- The Ring: When boxers are training, used to stage practice bouts.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Boxing training."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A trainer is a training aircraft used to develop piloting, navigational or weapon-aiming skills in flight crew.They have two or more crew seats. Civilian pilots are normally trained in a light aircraft that may be modifed from a type primarily built for recreational or aerobatic flying. Some such aircraft, often adapted to withstand more rigorous flight conditions, are often utilised to train military pilots. Some air forces contract-out training activities to private companies, or arrange for military officers to train using aircraft provided and maintained by a private business.
Fouga Magister jet trainer of the Belgian Air Force. The Magister first flew in 1952 with deliveries beginning in 1956.
Data: crew - student and instructor, max speed 650km/h (404mph), length 10.0m (33ft 0in), wingspan 11.4m (37ft 5in).
Larger version
Some military training aircraft are twin-seat versions of combat aircraft types (ground-attack or interceptor) and some of these are capable of rapid conversion in times of emergency to a reconnaissance or combat role. For smaller air forces, such adaptability can have important economic benefits. This convertibility brings with it political risks, in recent years the sale of Hawk aircraft by British Aerospace to Indonesia has, for example, been highly contentious.
A minority of military training aircraft, such as the Vickers Varsity or HS125 Dominie were developed from light transport designs to train several navigators at the same time. As these navigational trainees are normally learning how to navigate using instruments, they can be seated at consoles within the aircraft cabin and do not require a direct view of the landscape over which the aircraft is flying. The operators of airborne weapons or radar-related systems can be similarly trained, either in training aircaft or in an operational aircraft during training flights.
As the costs of developing aircraft have risen in real terms, partly due to the increased sophistication of systems and safety features, so it has become much less likely that aircaft will be designed specifically for the training role. Classic training types were the De Havilland Tiger Moth, the North American Texan (Harvard in some countries) and the De Havilland Chipmunk. Some jet trainers, such as the Aermacchi MB-326, Folland Gnat, Fouga Magister and British Aerospace Hawk, have become famous through their use by national formation aerobatic teams. Early jet aerobatic teams tended to use combat types such as the Hawker Hunter, English Electric Lightning, and North American F-100 Super Sabre. As air forces became subject to stronger economic pressures and their combat fleets were scaled-down, it made sense for most national teams to change to lighter training types. A few aircraft modifications may be needed to enable coloured smoke to be emitted during aerial displays for visual effect, but essentially these airframes remain valuable to perform their pilot training function.
For reasons of safety and efficiency, much training is now carried out on simulators that can be positioned in buildings on the ground. A different simulator may be required to simulate each specific type of aircraft that the trainee hopes to fly.
A "trainer" is also the name given by young people to a type of fashionable padded sports shoe. Strangely, the more importance the owner attaches to the brand of trainer worn, the less likely he or she is to participate in any sport. This trainer also has a military value; if one is removed after being worn for more than ten hours the resulting smell may be used to keep your enemies at some distance.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Trainer."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Training refers traditionally and meaningfully to what many folk now grandiloquently term professional development.Educational training tends to the vocational or practical and relates to specific useful skills. It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at technical colleges or polytechnics.
Sporting training appears more mechanistic: planned suites of regimes develop specific skills or muscles with a view to peaking at a particular time. A specialized field of training often used in sports is autogenic training.
Training & Development is the field concerned with workplace training.
In meteorology, training is when a successive series of showers or thunderstorms moves repeatedly over the same area, usually causing some form of flooding, especially flash floods. Often, this happens when a line of rain or storms forms along a stationary front, and moves down the length of the front, while the front is stalled. It is named so because this is similar to the way train cars move down a track in a line, over and over the same point, without the track moving.
In military, training means to drill and keep in shape in case of deployment orders (i.e. the same as exercise, only it's for military units). Also, in an archaic sense, it means to get on trains to transfer from one area of a continent to another (the term was used this way mainly in the American Civil War).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Training."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| TR | English | Training | Military & Defense |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: TrainingSynonyms: breeding (n), education (n), grooming (n), preparation (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Impulse | Training; (education); seasoning, second nature, acclimatization; knack; |
Preparation | Training; (education); inurement; (habit); novitiate; cooking, cookery; brewing, culinary art; tilling, plowing, sowing; semination, cultivation. |
Teaching | Qualification, preparation; training, schooling; Verb: discipline; excitation. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Well, I'm sure there have been marvelous advances in the industry, but surely you must have some sort of training program (American Beauty; writing credit: Alan Ball) She's got no training for this (Mission: Impossible II; writing credit: Bruce Geller; Ronald D. Moore) Years of Academy training wasted (Toy Story; writing credit: John Lasseter; Andrew Stanton) We hear you have been training furiously (Die Another Day; writing credit: Neal Purvis) Now remember, it's your first day of training. So listen to your teacher and no fighting (Mulan; writing credit: Robert D. San Souci; Rita Hsiao) | |
Clever | Training is everything. The peach was once a bitter almond; cauliflower is nothing but cabbage with a college education. (references; author: Mark Twain) Sex Education Delayed, Teachers Request Training (references; author: unknown) Sleeping on the job: I’m in the management training program. (references; author: unknown) Sign on a church bulletin board: Planning to go to Heaven? Get your flight training here. (references; author: unknown) When riding a dead horse (government), try providing additional funding and or training to increase the dead horse's performance. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Basic Training (1971) Visual Training (1969) Training for Trouble (1947) Goodrich Dirt at the Training Camp (1917) Training a Tightwad (1913) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
| ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | In December 2002, CDC Clinicians trained state licensed vaccine administers how to deliver smallpox vaccine safely and efficiently. Once training was completed, they provided additional smallpox vaccine administration training in their home states. Credit: CDC. |  | The Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is the country's critical epidemiology training service, combating the causes of major epidemics. Over the past 50 years, EIS officers have played pivotal roles in combating the root causes of major epidemics. Credit: CDC. |
 | Bell Lunar Landing Training Vehicle (LLTV). Credit: NASA. |  | NASA Astronauts Desert Survival Training. Credit: NASA. |
 | Training Liberians to conduct triangulation Combined operations party of George Morris. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | First order level observations in Brazil Special training mission of Joseph Lushene. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Scientists during survival training exercise prior to debarking for South Pole. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Preparing a shelter in the snow during survival training. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
 | Diver training with a full face mask and underwater communications. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP). |  | First all female saturation team in training for TEKTITE, 1970. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP). |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Training Room" by Vi Xs Commentary: "Training Centre." | "Chairs" by Muid Latif Commentary: "My company's training room/ lecturer class." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Horace Mann | Teaching isn't one-tenth as effective as training. |
Jean Jacques Rousseau | The training of children is a profession, where we must know how to waste time in order to save it'' |
Nancy Reagan | I must say that acting was good training for the political life that lay ahead of us. |
Virgil | Enter on the way of training while the spirits in youth are still pliable. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
US Constitution | 1791 | Clause 1: The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; Clause 2: To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; Clause 3: To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; Clause 4: To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; Clause 5: To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures; Clause 6: To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States; Clause 7: To establish Post Offices and post Roads; Clause 8: To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries; Clause 9: To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court; Clause 10: To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations; Clause 11: To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water; Clause 12: To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years; Clause 13: To provide and maintain a Navy; Clause 14: To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces; Clause 15: To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions; Clause 16: To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress; Clause 17: To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, byCession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings;--And Clause 18: To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. (reference) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | That culture, the loss of which he laments, is, for the enormous majority, a mere training to act as a machine. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | These employees and officials may not be assembled for military training. (reference) |
Brown v. Board of Education | 1954 | Today it is a principal instrument in awakening the child to cultural values, in preparing him for later professional training, and in helping him to adjust normally to his environment. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Cloisters, although beneficial in the first training of modern civilisation, cramped its growth, and are injurious to its development |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | It requires a training such as the athletes underwent, the steady intention almost of the whole life to this object |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | You and your helper need training. (references) | |
Training to increase the number of TB researchers. (references) | ||
These training materials hopefully reflect these goals. (references) | ||
Business | A bulk of these sales is to the training institutions. (references) | |
A special opportunity lies in the field of IT training. (references) | ||
About 60 percent of training courses are “in-company” courses. (references) | ||
Children | Chad | Several local NGO's provide skills training to the deaf and blind. (references) |
Belgium | Regional and community programs provide other assistance, such as job training. (references) | |
Russia | Bereg runs a shelter and offers training programs to children and social workers. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Armenia | Border officials have little training on asylum issues. (references) |
Eritrea | Students were sent to active duty or military training. (references) | |
Belarus | Their only alternative is to send seminarians to a Kiev seminary for training. (references) | |
Economic History | Belarus | Crossborder training programs. (references) |
Uk | It has just launched a travel agent training program. (references) | |
Japan | As a market, Japan is a very demanding training ground. (references) | |
Human Rights | Turkey | Police and Jandarma also receive human rights training. (references) |
Panama | The 10 custodians were training coworkers at year's end. (references) | |
Mexico | The CEDHJ has been cooperating with SEDENA on training for 4 years. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Guatemala | Interpreters were concentrated in former conflict areas of the country; more interpreters were in training. (references) |
Minorities | Estonia | Some ethnic Russian representatives have asked for free language training. (references) |
Estonia | An EU program reimburses language training costs for those who pass the examination. (references) | |
Political Economy | Congo | North Korean advisers provided training to government troops. (references) |
CZECH REPUBLIC | Training efforts are underway to correct the situation and address these concerns. (references) | |
Mexico | The IFE provides technical support and training to state and local electoral authorities. (references) | |
Political Rights | Congo | Rebel authorities reportedly began training police forces. (references) |
Belarus | Lukashenka repeatedly criticized the organization as a mechanism for recruiting spies and for training revolutionaries. (references) | |
Argentina | For most of the year, there was one female cabinet-level official--the Minister of Labor, Employment, and Human Resources Training. (references) | |
Trade | Luxembourg | It includes documentation controls, and worker training. (references) |
Morocco | The reform program also calls for upgrading staff skills through on-the-job training and short-term courses. (references) | |
Kuwait | Priority sectors include education, management and training; manufacturing; assembly for processing; and services. (references) | |
Travel | Mexico | Most private Mexican doctors have U.S. training and speak English. (references) |
Trinidad | Doctors and dentists in most specialties, many with overseas training, are available and inexpensive. (references) | |
Colombia | Colombian business people tend to be well-educated (often with some training in the U.S.) and professional. (references) | |
Women | Venezuela | As of August, 56 women were in training at the Army's military academy. (references) |
Botswana | Young women do not have access to military or national service training. (references) | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | A total of 540 persons received such training, including 450 police officers. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Cambodia | The MOSALVY is hampered by inadequate resources, staff, and training. (references) |
Egypt | Preemployment training for children under the age of 12 is prohibited. (references) | |
South Africa | There has not been any specialized training for dealing with trafficking victims. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Al Sharpton | The one thing I would do is make sure that household heads can make a decent living. We must deal with training and job development. Many people must have the underpinnings to be able to feed a family to keep a family together. |
Bob Jones | Well, of course individuals at home do. When a young person comes to Bob Jones University he's coming, as it were, to a boot camp. We're training servants of Christ for his army, if you will. |
John McCain | I agree. And the fact is that Osama bin Laden, when he had sanctuary in terrorist camps, training camps, where he was able to train thousands of people, was a tremendous threat. |
John Miller | Yeah, I went through the federal government's training course for first responders to turn them into hazmat technicians to focus on chemical and biological warfare, which actually turned out to be interesting timing. |
Marla Hanson | I'm taking a break and I'm trying to concentrate on an acting career, which will of course take some training and some time, and I'm going to give myself the time to do that. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | To help those least fortunate of all, I am recommending a new public welfare program, stressing services instead of support, rehabilitation instead of relief, and training for useful work instead of prolonged dependency. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | Through programs passed by the Congress, job training is being given tonight to more than a million Americans in this country. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | Under the plan, I ordered first a substantial increase in the training and equipment of South Vietnamese forces. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | This proposal is embodied in two bills, The Work and Training Opportunities Act and The Social Welfare Reform Amendments Act. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | I hope we can work together as we did last year in enacting the landmark Job Training Partnership Act. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Last year, Congress passed a law enabling workers to get a skills grant to choose the training they need. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | So long as training camps operate, so long as nations harbor terrorists, freedom is at risk. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Training" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 82.24% of the time. "Training" is used about 10,124 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 82.24% | 8,326 | 1,159 |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 17.25% | 1,746 | 4,818 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.51% | 52 | 47,145 |
| Total | 100.00% | 10,124 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| USA | Firearms Training Systems, Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "training": accelerated training ♦ adult vocational training ♦ Annette Martin training ♦ apprenticeship training ♦ approved training ♦ assertiveness training ♦ Atlantean Healing Ray Training ♦ Autogenic Training ♦ basic combat training ♦ basic training ♦ be in training ♦ be out of training ♦ boot training ♦ Celestial Training ♦ certified physical training instructor ♦ combat training ♦ combined training exercise ♦ commercial training ♦ Computer User Training ♦ continuation training ♦ continued training ♦ continuing vocational training ♦ counsellor in training ♦ craft training ♦ Department of Employment,Education and Training ♦ drug influence recognition training ♦ Fan training ♦ field training ♦ foremanship training ♦ further training ♦ go into training ♦ Horizontal training ♦ improve one's training standard ♦ individual training ♦ industrial training ♦ initial training ♦ Inservice Training ♦ International Military Education and Training ♦ job economic training ♦ job training ♦ jungle training ♦ laboratory training ♦ LeShan psychic training ♦ level of training ♦ Living Energy Training ♦ Living Yoga Training ♦ mandatory minimum requirements for the training and qualifications of masters,officers and ratings of oil tankers ♦ manpower training ♦ military training ♦ modular training ♦ mountain training ♦ Naval Training C ♦ occupational training ♦ officer's training ♦ officer's training corps ♦ on the job training ♦ operational training ♦ period of training ♦ personal adjustment training ♦ Physical Education and Training ♦ physical training ♦ physical training college ♦ physical training master ♦ Police Support Group Headquarters and Training Wing ♦ practical training ♦ practical training period ♦ preemployment training program ♦ preflight training ♦ premilitary training ♦ primary school teacher training course ♦ professional training ♦ program for the training of researchers ♦ Quenouille training ♦ ranger training ♦ Reserve Officers Training Corps ♦ scientific and technical education and training ♦ secondary school teacher training course ♦ sensitivity training ♦ Sensitivity Training Groups ♦ specialized training ♦ speech training ♦ spring training ♦ staff training ♦ Statutory Training for Offshore Rigs Medics ♦ teacher training college ♦ teacher's training ♦ teachers training college ♦ Toilet Training ♦ trade training ♦ training aeroplane ♦ training aids ♦ training camp ♦ training center ♦ training centre ♦ training college ♦ training course for secondary school teachers ♦ training course for teachers of physical education ♦ Training day ♦ training depot ♦ training dike ♦ training film. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "training": training-board, training-camp, training-courses, training-ground, training-intermediate, training-of, training-oriented, training-records, training-scheme, training-school, training-shoes, training-the, training-therapist. | |
Ending with "training": cross-training, dog-training, house-training, potty-training, pre-training, teacher-training, toilet-training, weight-training. | |
Containing "training": education-training-employment, toilet-training-indeed. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
dog training | 8,737 | online training | 619 |
puppy training | 4,527 | java training | 610 |
training | 4,152 | hunting dog training | 577 |
computer training | 3,030 | emt training | 567 |
weight training | 2,885 | dog obedience training | 546 |
house training a dog | 2,809 | personal training | 545 |
unix training | 2,094 | restaurant training | 516 |
job training | 1,777 | computer based training | 498 |
potty training | 1,726 | training software | 471 |
puppy house training | 1,473 | safety training | 452 |
horse training | 1,387 | training and development | 451 |
strength training | 1,328 | employee training | 431 |
management training | 1,013 | mcse training | 409 |
marathon training | 1,012 | hr training | 397 |
on line training | 977 | html training | 394 |
microsoft training | 860 | weight training program | 389 |
basketball training | 685 | toilet training | 384 |
it training | 657 | customer service training | 380 |
sales training | 632 | soccer training | 372 |
leadership training | 623 | pilot training | 371 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "training"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | ushtrim (discipline, drill, exercise, practice), stërvitje (coaching, discipline, dressage, drill, drilling, exercise, practice, workout), përgatitje (arrangement, preparation, preparative, provision), kualifikim (background, qualification, qualifications), formim (building up, construction, cultivation, education, formation, forming, moldiness, molding, mouldiness, moulding, shaping). (various references) | |
Arabic | فترة تدريبية (institute), تمرين (coaching, drill, pack drill, practice, student teaching), توجيه (control, directing, direction, guidance, leading, orientation, steering), ترويض (domestication, schooling, taming), تدريب (coaching, discipline, drilling, exercise, practice, schooling, traineeship), تدرب (drill, exercise, intern, practice, practise, train, work out). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | тренировка (drill, drilling, exercise, practice, schooling, workout), квалификация (background, efficiency, experience, qualification, timber), обучение (education, exercise, grounding, instruction, teaching, tuition, tutelage), подготвяне (instruction, preparation, preparing), подготовка (equipment, lead up, prelude, preparation, preparative, run up, schooling, set out). (various references) | |
Chinese | 训练 (Up-train), 訓練 (drill, exercise, train), 修養 (accomplishment, self-cultivation). (various references) | |
Czech | trénink, zácvik, výcvik (drill, education, schooling), výchova (education, nurture, upbringing), instruktáž. (various references) | |
Danish | træningssko (trainer, training shoe), teoretisk uddannelse (theorical training), traeningsfly (instruction aircraft, trainer, training aircraft), TWI-kurser (training within industry, TWI courses), teknologisk uddannelse (technological training), hærdelse (endurance training, hardening), Fællesskabets handlingsprogram til styrkelse af efter-og videreuddannelse (Community action programme for the development of continuing vocational training, FORCE), Fællesskabshandlingsprogram for sundhedsfremme,sundhedsoplysning,sundhedsundervisning og sundhedsuddannelse som led i indsatsen inden for folkesundhed (education and training within the framework for action in the field of public health, information, Programme of Community action on health promotion), faglig uddannelse (industrial training, occupational training, vocational education, vocational training), fjernundervisning (distance education, distance learning, distance study, distance teaching, distance training), Erhvervsuddannelsespolitik (Vocational training policy), Generaldirektorat XXII-Uddannelse og Ungdomsanliggender (Directorate-General XXII-Education, Training and Youth), militært øvelsesområde (drill-ground, military training grounds), hærdning (curing, endurance training, hardening, quenching), Handlingsprogram for erhvervsuddannelse af unge og forberedelse af unge til arbejds-og voksenlivet (Action programme for the vocational training of young people and their preparation for adult and working life, PETRA), Handlingsprogram for gennemførelse af en erhvervsuddannelsespolitik i Det Europæiske Fællesskab (Action programme for the implementation of a European Community vocational training policy, LEONARDO DA VINCI(1995-1999)), kredsloebstraening (circulatory training), læreplan (educational curriculum, school curriculum, school subjects, subjects taught, teaching curriculum, training curriculum), laeretid (apprenticeship, apprenticeship schemes, apprenticeship system, apprenticeship training, craft training, trade training), laerlingeforhold (apprenticeship, apprenticeship schemes, apprenticeship system, apprenticeship training, craft training, trade training), fremmedsprogsundervisning (language training, linguistic training), en boreingenioer er ansvarlig over for borelederen for,at alle selskabets regler og forskrifter saavel for arbejde som for vedligeholdelse af boreriggen overholdes;han har ogsaa ansvaret for alle uddannelsesprogrammer og for planlaegning af og tilsyn med (are obeyed;he is responsible also for all training programmes and planning and supervising a drilling programme from the start(spud-in)to completion, both for operation and maintenance of the drilling rig, the drilling engineer is responsible to the drilling superintendent for ensuring that all company rules and regulations), blæretræning (bladder-training, training for regular bladder habits), centrum for undervisning i kultur spiselige svampe (training centre for the cultivation of edible fungi), datamatstøttet specialisering (computer-assisted skill training, computer-assisted training), datamatstoettet traening (computer-assisted skill training, computer-assisted training), Det raadgivende Udvalg for Jordemoderuddannelse (Advisory Committee on the Training of Midwives), direkte ansvarlige for tilbuddene (association administering training provision), dobbeltskudstiltrækning (angular branches training, two branches training), Europæisk uddannelsesår-livslang uddannelse (European Year of Life-long Education and Training, EYLL), efteruddannelse (adult education, continuation training, continued training, continuing education, further training, recurrent education, rehabilitation, retraining, updating training), bedside undervisning (bedside training), erhvervsfaglig uddannelse (vocational training), erhvervsmæssig efter-og videreuddannelse (continuing education, continuing vocational training), erhvervsuddannelse (industrial training, occupational training, vocational education, vocational training), at udvikle udveksling af overordnet personel og teknikere,isaer gennem uddannelsesvirksomhed (particularly through training activities, to develop exchanges of professional staff and technicians), arbejdsmaessig oplaering (industrial training, occupational training, vocational education, vocational training), organisationer,som repraesenterer brede kredse af unge mennesker,der arbejder,er i laere eller er under uddannelse (organizations which represent wide circles of young people working, training or undergoing education), Anden fase af Fællesskabets handlingsprogram for erhvervsuddannelse Leonardo da Vinci (LEONARDO DA VINCI II, Second phase of the Community vocational training action programme Leonardo da Vinci), efter-og videreuddannelse (adult vocational training, continuing vocational training), undervisningsbedrift (licensed master farm, training farm), Uddannelses-, udvekslings- og samarbejdsprogram vedrørende asyl, indvandring og passage af de ydre grænser (exchanges and cooperation in the field of asylum, immigration and crossing of external borders, ODYSSEUS, Programme of training), Uddannelses-, udvekslings- og samarbejdsprogram vedrørende identitetspapirer (exchanges and cooperation in the field of identity documents, Programme of training, SHERLOCK), uddannelseskoordinator (training co-ordinator), uddannelseskurs til søs (training at sea, training courses at sea), uddannelsesprogram (educational curriculum, school curriculum, school subjects, subjects taught, teaching curriculum, training curriculum), udstyr til undervisningsanstalter (equipment of training establishments), modulopbygget uddannelse (modular training), undervisning til den voksne befolkning (training of self-taught adults), støtte til uddannelsesinvestering (support for investment in training), undervisningsmateriale (courseware, educational aids, educational software, teaching aids, teaching equipment, teaching software, teachware, training aids). (various references) | |
Dutch | training, scholing, opleiding (breeding, education), kweken (breed, bring up, cultivate, educate, grow, raise). (various references) | |
Finnish | treenaus, valmennus, opetus (education, instruction, lesson, moral, teaching), koulutus (education, schooling), kasvatustapa, kasvatus (breeding, education, growing, raising, rearing, upbringing), harjoitus (drill, exercise, practice, rehearsal), harjoittelu (practice), harjaantuneisuus (experience), dresyyri. (various references) | |
French | instruction, formation (traineeship), entraînement (physical training). (various references) | |
German | Erziehung (breeding, bringing up, education, nurture, upbringing), Ausbildung (cultivation, development, discipline, education, formation, instruction, off the job training, schooling, shaping). (various references) | |
Greek | προπόνηση (coaching, training session, workout), εκπαίδευση (education). (various references) | |
Hebrew | תרגיל (drill, etude, exercise, practice), תרגול (drill, exercise, practice, rehearsal), חנוך (accustoming, breeding, education, schooling, upbringing), התעמלות (drilling, exercise, gymnastics, p.e., p.t.), התאמנות (practising), הכשרה (preparation, qualification, qualifications, validation), הדרכה (briefing, direction, guidance, guidence, instruction, teaching, tuition, tutorage, tutorship), הרגלה (accustoming, familiarizing, habituating), טרינינג (sport suit, track suit). (various references) | |
Hungarian | kiképzés (arms drill, drill, drilling, indoctrination, shaping, training of new recruit), edzés (coaching, induration, practice, scrimmage, tempering, workout). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pelajaran (lesson, subject), latihan (exercise, practice, rehearsal), kedisiplinan (discipline), gemblengan (discipline). (various references) | |
Italian | istruzione (apprenticeship, culture, direction, directions, doctrine, education, egalitarianism, instruction, instructions, learning, schooling, statement), educazione (behavior, breeding, civility, courtesy, cultivation, culture, education, instruction, manners, politeness, raising, upbringing). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 鍛錬 (disciplining, forging, hardening, tempering). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | くんれん (practice), ちょうきょう (breaking), てならし (exercise, practice), とうや (cultivation, education, that night, tonight), じっしゅう (net income or profits or pay, practice), けんしゅう (exchange of sake cups, studying two lines together), けいこ (practice, study), ようせい (application, claim, demand, development, elf, fairy, larva, larvae, positivity, premature death, request, sprite), れんせい (binary star, drilling), れんま (cultivation, practice), こうしゅう (bad breath, Canton, Guangzhou, halitosis, short course, the public), いくせい (cultivation, nurture, promotion, rearing), かんよう (common, crucial, cultivation, customary, essential, forbearance, fostering, generosity, government business, governmental porcelain furnace, importance, lobe of the liver, official use, tolerance, vital), ちょうれん (military drill), くんとう (discipline, education, the Order of Merit), たんせい (cultivation, diligence, effort, graceful, handsome, noble, pains, painting, red and blue, shapely, sigh, sincerity, unisexual, working earnestly), きょういく (education), きょうせい (blackmail, coercion, compulsion, correction, enforcement, extortion, great, lovely voice, low singing voice, magnificent, obligation, paragenesis, persistent demand, reform, remedy, splendid, student teacher, symbiosis), きょうしゅう (assault, charming and coy, homesickness, instruction, nostalgia, violent attack), しゅうよう (accommodation, admission, adoption, culture, custody, entering, expropriation, following, housing, reception, seating, self-discipline), しゅうれん (astringency, contraction, convergence, culture, discipline, drill, extraction, heavy taxation, practice), しゅうぎょう (ascetic practice, discipline, employment, end of school, end of work, learning, pursuit of knowledge, shameful occupation, starting work, studying), しゅぎょう (ascetic practice, discipline, learning, pursuit of knowledge, studying), しこみ (preparation, stocking up), しつけ (basting, breeding, discipline, home discipline, rice planting, tacking, upbringing), したならし (preparatory activity), トレーニング , たんれん (disciplining, forging, hardening, tempering), せいれん (honesty, integrity, purity and unselfishness, refining, scouring, smelting, temper, tempering). (various references) | |
Korean | 훈련 (Disciplining, schooling). (various references) | |
Manx | ynsaghey (educate, instruct, learn, master; training, pedagogy, teach, train, tutor), lhong ynsee (training ship), lheiltys (exercise, gymnastics, motion, physical training). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ainingtray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | treino (drilling, exercise, nurture), treinamento (coaching, exercise), instrução (coaching, directions, discipline, education, instruction, learning, lesson, literacy, notice, schooling, teaching, tuition), formação da vinha, exercício (assignment, exercise, practice, prosecution, workout), educação (accomplishments, acquirements, breeding, courtesy, discipline, education, mannerliness, nurture, politeness, quiet manner, urbanity), ato de treinar, ato de apontar, adestramento (dressage, nurture). (various references) | |
Romanian | pregãtire (efficiency, fix up, grounding, preparation, priming, provision, savvy), instrucţie militarã (drill), instrucţie (education, examination, instruction, literacy, practice, schooling, teaching, tuition), formaţiune (system, trend), formaţie (conception, formation, stratum, system, trend), educaţie (breeding, education, schooling, upbringing), dresurã, dresaj, şcoalã (school, schoolhouse, schooling, tuition), antrenare (entrainment, zest), antrenament (absorbing, drill, practice, spar, workout). (various references) | |
Russian | тренировка (exercise, workout, work-out), готовить подготовка, воспитание (breeding, education, nurture, unbringing, upbringing), обучение (drill, drilling, indoctrination, instruction, learning by insight, nurture, schooling, teaching, tirocinium, tuition, tutelage, tutoring), дрессировка. (various references) | |
Scottish | oilean , eilean, oilean (education, instruction, nurture), eilean (an Island, island). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | treniranje (drilling, retraining), trening (drill, warming up, working out, workout), vežbanje (exercising, practicing), staž (experience, internship), sprema (qualifications, set out), obuka (instruction), dresura (dressage). (various references) | |
Spanish | adiestramiento (square drill), formación (array, assembly, education, filing, formation, making, molding, moulding), entrenamiento (coaching, exercise, practice, practicing, practising, workout). (various references) | |
Swedish | utbildning (education, qualification), träning (coaching, knock up, knock-up, practice). (various references) | |
Turkish | staj süresi (probation period, probationary), idman (exercise, physical jerks, practise, workout), egzersiz (exercise, practice, setting-up exercises), eğitim (education, instruction, instructional, practice, schooling), ders (class, example, lecture, lesson, morals, object lesson, one in the eye, subject, teaching), antrenman, alıştırma (breaking in, exercise, familiarization, green run, practice), öğretme (indoctrination, teaching), çalıştırma (actuation, employment, operating, operation, operational, starting), çalışma (action, exercise, gear, job of work, labor, labour, practice, praxis, priming, running, starting, study, work, working, workout). (various references) | |
Turkmen | tьrgenleюik. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | тренування (ageing, coaching, workout), тренувальний, виховання (breeding, education, nurture, upbringing), навчальний (academic, educational, instructional), підготовка (background, preparation, preparative). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự rèn luyện, sự nhắm bắn, sự dạy dỗ. (various references) | |
Welsh | hyfforddiant (instruction), hyfforddiadol, addysgiaeth (instruction). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | cultu, cultui, cultum, cultura, culturae, culturam, cultus, disciplina, disciplinae, disciplinam, exercitatio, exercitiis, palaestra. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Proverbs Chapter 29, Verse 17 |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Erudi filium tuum et refrigerabit te et dabit delicias animae tuae |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Lerne thi sone, and he shal refreshen thee; and he shal yiue delices to his soule. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest; yea, he shall give delight unto thy soul. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Correct thy son, and he shall give thee rest; yes, he shall give delight to thy soul. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Give your son training, and he will give you rest; he will give delight to your soul. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Proverbs Chapter 29, Verse 17 |
| Cebuano | ¶ Sawaya ang imong anak, ug siya magahatag kanimo ug pahulay; Oo, siya magahatag ug kalipay sa imong kalag. |
| Croatian | Ukori sina svoga, i zadovoljit æe te i dati radost duši tvojoj. |
| Danish | Tugt din Søn, så kvæger han dig og bringer din Sjæl, hvad der smager. |
| Dutch | Tuchtig uw zoon, en hij zal u gerustheid aandoen, en hij zal uw ziel vermakelijkheden geven. |
| Finnish | Kurita poikaasi, niin hän sinua virvoittaa ja sielullesi herkkuja tarjoaa. |
| French | Châtie ton fils, et il te donnera du repos, Et il procurera des délices à ton âme. |
| German | Züchtige deinen Sohn, so wird er dich ergötzen und wird deiner Seele sanft tun. |
| Haitian Creole | ¶ Korije pitit gason ou lan, li p'ap ba ou tèt chaje. L'a fè kè ou kontan. |
| Hungarian | Fenyítsd meg a te fiadat, és nyugodalmat hoz néked, és szerez gyönyörûséget a te lelkednek. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Didiklah anakmu, maka ia akan memberikan ketentraman kepadamu, dan menjadi hiburan bagimu. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Ajarilah anakmu, maka iapun akan menjadikan kesenanganmu, bahkan, iapun akan mendatangkan kesukaan kepada hatimu. |
| Italian | Correggi il figlio e ti farà contento e ti procurerà consolazioni. |
| Maori | ¶ Pakia tau tama, a ka whai okiokinga koe i a ia; ae ra, he ahuareka tana e homai ai ki tou wairua. |
| Norwegian | Tukt din sønn, så skal han bli dig til glede og vederkvege din sjel! |
| Portuguese | Corrige a teu filho, e ele te dará descanso; sim, deleitará o teu coração. |
| Rumanian | Pedepsewte-yi fiul, wi el kyi va da odihnq, wi kyi va aduce desfqtare sufletului. - |
| Russian | оБЛБЪЩЧБК УЩОБ ФЧПЕЗП, Й ПО ДБУФ ФЕВЕ РПЛПК, Й ДПУФБЧЙФ ТБДПУФШ ДХЫЕ ФЧПЕК. |
| Spanish | Corrige a tu hijo, y te dará reposo; él dará satisfacciones a tu alma. |
| Swedish | Tukta din son, så skall han bliva dig till hugnad och giva ljuvlig spis åt din själ. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "training": trainings. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "training": constraining, detraining, distraining, entraining, housetraining, mistraining, overstraining, overtraining, pretraining, restraining, retraining, straining. (additional references) | |
| |
"Training" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: traiding, traiing, Trainant, trainin, traininng, trainning, traning, traurig, Trianons, triazine, trining. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "training" (pronounced trā"ning) |
| 6 | t r ā" n i ng | constraining, overtraining, restraining, retraining, straining. |
| 5 | -r ā" n i ng | draining, raining, refraining, reigning, reining. |
| 4 | -ā" n i ng | abstaining, ascertaining, attaining, campaigning, caning, chaining, complaining, containing, detaining, disdaining, entertaining, explaining, feigning, gaining, maintaining, obtaining, ordaining, pertaining, regaining, remaining, retaining, staining, sustaining, waning. |
| 3 | -n i ng | apportioning, abandoning, adjoining, adjourning, aligning, assigning, auctioning, auditioning, awakening, awning, ballooning, banning, bargaining, battening, beckoning, beginning, bemoaning, binning, blackening, bludgeoning, boning, branning, brightening, brining, broadening, Browning, burdening, burgeoning, burning, Canning, captioning, careening, cartooning, cautioning, championing, chaperoning, cheapening, christening, churning, cleaning, cloning, clowning, coarsening, cocooning, coining, combining, commissioning, concerning, conditioning, condoning, confining, conning, convening, Corning, couponing, crooning, crowning, cunning, cushioning, dampening, darkening, dawning, deadening, deafening, declining, decommissioning, deepening, defining, demeaning, Denning, designing, determining, dining, Dinning, discerning, disciplining, disheartening, disillusioning, divining, donning, Downing, droning, drowning, Dunning, Durning, earning, enjoining, enlightening, envisioning, evening, examining, fanning, fashioning, fastening, fattening, fawning, fining, finning, flattening, freshening, frightening, frowning, functioning, gardening, ginning, glistening, governing, greening, grinning, groaning, gunning, happening, hardening, hastening, headlining, heartening, heightening, honing, Horning, housecleaning, imagining, imprisoning, impugning, inning, intertwining, intervening, intoning, ironing, jawboning, jettisoning, joining, Kenning, leaning, learning, leavening, lengthening, lessening, lightening, lightning, likening, lining, listening, loaning, loosening, machining, maddening, malfunctioning, Manning, margining, meaning, mentioning, midmorning, mining, moaning, morning, motioning, mourning, opening, opining, orphaning, outlining, overrunning, overturning, owning, panning, pardoning, partitioning, penning, petitioning, phoning, pining, pinning, planning, poisoning, positioning, postponing, preening, preplanning, provisioning, pruning, quarantining, questioning, quickening, rationing, realigning, reasoning, reassigning, reawakening, reckoning, reclining, reconditioning, redefining, redesigning, redlining, reexamining, refining, rejoining, relearning, reopening, repositioning, rerunning, resigning, returning, rezoning, ripening, ruining, running, saddening, sanctioning, scanning, screening, seasoning, sectioning, sharpening, shining, shortening, shunning, sickening, signing, sinning, siphoning, slackening, softening, spanning, spawning, spinning, spurning, stationing, stiffening, stoning, straightening, streamlining, strengthening, stunning, summoning, sunning, sweetening, swooning, tanning, telephoning, thickening, thinning, threatening, tightening, toning, toughening, tuning, turning, twining, underlining, undermining, underpinning, unquestioning, unreasoning, vacationing, Vining, warning, weakening, weaning, whining, whitening, widening, wining, winning, worsening, yawning, yearning, zoning. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-g-i-i-n-n-r-t" | |
-1 letter: airting, ingrain, raining, ranting, trining. | |
-2 letters: airing, anting, gratin, rating, taring, tining, tiring. | |
-3 letters: garni, giant, grain, grant, iring, riant, tragi, train. | |
-4 letters: agin, airn, airt, anti, gain, gait, girn, girt, gnar, gnat, gran, grat, grin, grit, inia, inti, ragi, rain, rang, rani, rant, ring, tain, tang, tarn, ting, trig. | |
-5 letters: ain, air, ait, ani. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-g-i-i-n-n-r-t" | |
+1 letter: arointing, intrigant, nitrating, rationing, retaining, ruinating, straining, trainings, urinating. | |
+2 letters: astringing, brigantine, curtaining, detraining, entraining, herniating, indurating, inearthing, infracting, ingrafting, instarring, intragenic, intreating, intrigants, intriguant, marinating, notarizing, pertaining, repainting, resinating, retraining, ruminating, tarnishing, transiting. | |
+3 letters: antiforeign, brigantines, brominating, criminating, denigrating, denigration, distraining, fornicating, fractioning, germinating, germination, gratineeing, handwriting, hibernating, inbreathing, incarnating, incurvating, inebriating, infuriating, ingathering, innervating, integrating, integration, interacting, interfacing, interlacing, interlaying, inthralling, intriguants, itinerating, marginating, margination, mistraining, narcotizing, orientating, originating, origination, patronising, patronizing, pretraining, printmaking, reanimating, reanointing, reattaining, reinflating, reinstating, reobtaining, resignation, restraining, straitening, terminating, transfixing, transpiring, tyrannising, tyrannizing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Quotations: Speeches 15. Usage Frequency 16. Names: Company Usage | 17. Expressions 18. Expressions: Internet 19. Translations: Modern 20. Translations: Ancient | 21. Bible Trace 22. Abbreviations 23. Acronyms 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
