Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Tillage |
TillageNoun1. Land that is worked by plowing and sowing and raising crops. 2. The cultivation of soil for raising crops. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "tillage" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1532. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Environment | Plowing, seedbed preparation, and cultivation practices. (references) |
Food & Agriculture | The mechanical manipulation of the soil to improve its physical condition as a habitat for plants, to improve aeration and temperature conditions and to produce a firm seedbed. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Tillage can also mean the land that is tilled.
Modern agriculture has greatly reduced the use of tillage for weed control. Through the use of herbicides and no-till planters crops can be grown for several years without any tillage. This practice has greatly reduced soil erosion and improved the quality of the environment by reducing the total tonnage of soil that is washed into streams and blown into the air to produce dust.
Tillage and its effects are now a modern agricultural science carefully researched by universities across the planet which have disproven many of the ideas put forth by the passages quoted below.
The following text is taken from the Household Cyclopedia of 1881:
Tillage is an operation whereby the soil is either cleared from noxious weeds, or prepared for receiving the seeds of plants cultivated by the husbandman. When this operation is neglected, or even partially executed. the soil becomes foul, barren, and unproductive; hence, upon arable farms, tillage forms the prominent branch of work; and, according to the perfection or imperfection with which it is executed, the crops of the husbandman, whether of corn or grass, are in a great measure regulated.
Tillage, in the early ages, was performed by hand labor; but, in modern times, the plough has been the universal instrument used for executing this necessary and important branch of rural work. In no other way can large fields be turned over because the expense of digging with the spade, the only other method of turning over the ground, would much exceed any profit that can be reaped.
Stones lying above or below the surface are the most formidable obstruction to perfect tillage. On stony ground, the work is not only imperfectly executed, but in many cases the implement is broken to pieces, and a considerable portion of time lost before it is repaired and put in order. The removal of stones, therefore, especially of such as are below the surface, ought to be a primary object with every agriculturist; because a neglect of this kind may afterwards occasion him considerable loss and inconvenience.
To drain the ground, in other words, to lay it dry, also facilitates tillage exceedingly; for ploughing cannot be performed with advantage where either the surface or subsoil is wet.
The only sure and certain way by which the soil is cleaned or rendered free of weeds, is by ploughing in the summer months, when the ground is dry, and when, by the influence of the sun and air, the weeds may be destroyed with facility. Seldom at any other period is the soil much benefitted by ploughing, unless so far as a seed-bed is thus procured for the succeeding crop; and though the situation or state of the ground, when these intermediate ploughings are bestowed, is of importance in judging of their utility, yet the radical process of summer fallow cannot, by any means, be altogether dispensed with. Though, if the winter and spring ploughings are executed under favorable circumstances, and plenty of manure is at hand, it may be delayed for a greater number of years than is otherwise practicable, if good husbandry is to be maintained.
Without summer fallow, or, which is the same thing, without working the ground in the summer months, perfect husbandry is unattainable on all heavy or cold soils, and upon every variety incumbent on a close or retentive bottom.
To keep his land clean will always be a principal object with every good farmer; for if this is neglected, in place of carrying rich crops of grain or grass, the ground will be exhausted by crops of weeds. Where land is foul, every operation of husbandry must be proportionately noneffective; and even the manures applied will, in a great measure, be lost.
The necessity of summer fallow depends greatly upon the nature and quality of the soil; as, upon some soils, a repetition of this practice is less frequently required than upon others. Wherever the soil is incumbent upon clay or till, it is more disposed to get foul, than when incumbent upon a dry gravelly bottom; besides, wet soils, from being ploughed in winter, contract a stiffness which lessens the pasture of artificial plants, and prevents them from receiving sufficient nourishment. When land of a dry gravelly bottom gets foul, it may easily be cleaned without a plain summer fallow; single crops, such as turnips, etc., may be substituted in its place, which, when drilled at proper intervals admit of being ploughed as often as necessary; whereas wet soils, which are naturally unfit for carrying such crops, must be cleaned and brought into good order by frequent ploughings and harrowings during the summer months.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Tillage."
Synonyms: TillageSynonyms: cultivated land (n), tilled land (n), tilth (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Agriculture | Noun: agriculture, cultivation, husbandry, farming; georgics, geoponics; tillage, agronomy, gardening, spade husbandry, vintage; horticulture, arboriculture, floriculture; landscape gardening; viticulture. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Tillage |
| English words defined with "tillage": Aration, Aratory ♦ Gainage, Geoponical ♦ in kind ♦ Plougland ♦ Thwaite, To improve on ♦ Worn land. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "tillage": Alternative agriculture, Ash farming ♦ Burn-beating ♦ Carbon sequestration, Conservation tillage, Crop residue, cultural control ♦ duckfooting ♦ Gully erosion ♦ Integrated Pest Management ♦ Minimum tillage ♦ No Till ♦ protective stake ♦ SOIL SCIENTIST ♦ TEST TECHNICIAN, tillage operations, to cultivate, turn space. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Young corn plants stand tall above the soyban residue from the previous year's crop. This conservation tillage method helps retain moisture and reduce erosion. Credit: Tim McCabe. |  | Terraces and conservation tillage work together to control erosion on a farm in Plymouth County in northwest Iowa. Credit: Gene Alexander. |
 | This farm in northwest Iowa uses conservation buffers, terraces, conservation tillage, a farmstead windbreak, and other practices in a complete conservation system. Credit: Lynn Betts. |  | A 'living snowfence' windbreak, also known as a conservation buffer, is used along with conservation tillage in northern Iowa to reduce soil and snow blowing. Credit: Lynn Betts. |
 | NRCS offers one-on-one help to landowners on their farms to plan for conserving their soils. Conservation plans are the basis for complete protection of a farm. One of the practices available is conservation tillage, the practice of leaving the past year. Credit: Lynn Betts. |  | Terraces, buffers, and conservation tillage are among the practices being used by Shelby County, Iowa farmers in a water quality improvement project to benefit a nearby lake. Credit: Tim McCabe. |
 | An extensive farmstead windbreak, terraces, grassed waterways, conservation buffers and conservation tillage combine to protect this farm in Woodbury County in western Iowa. Credit: Lynn Betts. |  | Using Global Positioning System in the field and conservation tillage and precision application of fertilizer, pesticides and herbicides. Northern Louisiana. Credit: Bob Nichols. |
 | A Missouri NRCS employee checks the status of a corn crop planted using conservation tillage. Credit: Norm Klopfenstein. |  | Conservation Tillage. Credit: USDA. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Daniel Webster | When tillage begins, other arts follow. The farmers therefore are the founders of human civilization. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Bread, wine and cloth, are things of daily use, and great plenty; yet notwithstanding, acorns, water and leaves, or skins, must be our bread, drink and cloathing, did not labour furnish us with these more useful commodities: for whatever bread is more worth than acorns, wine than water, and cloth or silk, than leaves, skins or moss, that is wholly owing to labour and industry; the one of these being the food and raiment which unassisted nature furnishes us with; the other, provisions which our industry and pains prepare for us, which how much they exceed the other in value, when any one hath computed, he will then see how much labour makes the far greatest part of the value of things we enjoy in this world: and the ground which produces the materials, is scarce to be reckoned in, as any, or at most, but a very small part of it; so little, that even amongst us, land that is left wholly to nature, that hath no improvement of pasturage, tillage, or planting, is called, as indeed it is, waste; and we shall find the benefit of it amount to little more than nothing. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | In recent years, investment in modern tractors, tillage equipment, harvesters and irrigation systems has been growing rapidly, with many farms importing directly from foreign manufacturers. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Tillage" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 86.36% of the time. "Tillage" is used about 22 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 86.36% | 19 | 80,337 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 9.09% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.55% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 22 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "tillage": garden tillage ♦ tillage operations. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "tillage": no-tillage, zero-tillage. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
tillage | 19 |
agriculture tillage | 10 |
conservation tillage | 8 |
company list tillage | 7 |
tillage tool | 6 |
equipment tillage | 6 |
machine minimum tillage | 4 |
ridge tillage | 4 |
seller tillage | 3 |
drill farm planter plow tillage | 3 |
attachment tillage | 3 |
conservation picture tillage | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "tillage"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | landbou (agriculture, farming), akkerbou (agriculture, farming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | tokë e lëruar, lëvrim (combing, cultivation), lërim (earthing, ploughing, plowing, tilth), agrikulturë (agriculture, farming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | فلاحة (ploughing), حراثة (cultivation, culture, plowing, tilth), أرض محروثة (plough, plow). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | оран (furrow, ploughing, ploughing-time, tilth), обработване на земята (farming, tilth), обработена земя (tilth), полевъдство (grain-producing, husbandry). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 耕种 (Cultivate, Cultivated, Cultivating, Cultivation, tilled, tilling). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | orba (tilth). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | stubpløjning (surface tillage), skrælpløjning (surface tillage), reduceret jordbehandling (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), overfladebehandling (finishing, minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), overfladebearbejdning (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), jordbearbejdning:opdyrkning (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), jordbearbejdning (soil conservation, soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | stoppelploegen (surface tillage), stoppelen (surface tillage), oppervlakkige bewerking van de grond (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), landbouw (agriculture, farming), grondbewerking (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), bewerking (adaptation, adjustment, cultivation, operation, process, surgical operation), bebouwing (cultivation), akkerbouw (agriculture, farming), agricultuur (agriculture, farming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | kultivado (cultivation), agrikulturo (agriculture, farming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | muokkaus (conditioning, editing, forming, shaping, soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), maanmuokkaus (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | travail superficiel du sol (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface tillage, tilling), travail du sol (tillage operations, tilling), préparation superficielle (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface tillage, tilling), labourage (tilth), labour léger (surface tillage), labour, guéret, guère, façons superficielles (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface tillage, tilling), déchaumage (surface tillage), culture, agriculture. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | lânbou (agriculture, farming), bou (agriculture, construction, farming, farmland). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Ackerbau (agriculture, farming, husbandry, husbands, tilth), Bodenbestellung. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | καλλιέργεια (crop, cultivation, culture, farming), γεωργία (agriculture, husbandry), επιφανειακή καλλιέργεια (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), επιφανειακή κατεργασία του εδάφους (minimum tillage, ripping, scarifying, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), ελαφρύ όργωμα (surface tillage). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hawaiian | agrikulturë (agriculture, farming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | עבו" "א"מ" (cultivation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | mûvelés (culture). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | preparazione superficiale del terreno (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), lavoro del terreno (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), lavori superficiali del terreno (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), lavori della terra (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), lavori del terreno (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), lavorazione del suolo (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), coltivazione (cultivation, culture, farming, growing), aratura superficiale (surface tillage), aratura leggera (surface tillage). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 경작지 (Farmland). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | errooid (cultivation, ploughmanship). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | kultivo (cultivation), agrikultura (agriculture, farming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | illagetay agricultura (agriculture, farming cost, husbandry). (various references) teren cultivat, plugãrit (ploughing), plugãrie (husbandry), pãmânt cultivat, agriculturã (agriculture, farming, husbandry). (various references) обработка почвы (tilth), пахание. (various references) oranje (ploughing, tilth), obrađivanje (cultivation). (various references) trabajo del suelo (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), labranza mínima (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling), labranza (farming, husbandry), laboreo del suelo (soil cultivation, soil working, tillage operations, tilling), labor superficial (surface tillage), labor ligera (surface tillage), cultivo superficial (minimum tillage, shallow tillape, subsurface tillage, surface cultivation, surface tillage, tilling). (various references) odling (cultivation, culture, farm, farming, growth, incubation). (various references) pagsasaka (agriculture, farming), agrikultura (agriculture, farming). (various references) การไถนา. (various references) toprağı sürme (tilth), tarım (agrarian, agricultural, agriculture, cultivation, farming, growing, husbandry, tilth), işlenmiş toprak (tilth). (various references) sьrьm, юьdьgдr (field). (various references) оранка (arable, ploughing, plowing), оброблена земля. (various references) việc c y cấy tr"ng trọt đất tr"ng trọt. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | agricultio, agricultura. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Proverbs Chapter 13, Verse 23 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Dikaioi poihsousin en ploutw eth polla adikoi de apolountai suntomwV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Multi cibi in novalibus patrum et alii congregantur absque iudicio |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Manye metis in the newid feeldis of fadris; and to othere men thei ben gedered withoute dom. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Much food is in the tillage of the poor: but there is that is destroyed for want of judgment. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Much food is in the tillage of the poor: but there is that is destroyed for want of judgment. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | There is much food in the ploughed land of the poor; but it is taken away by wrongdoing. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Proverbs Chapter 13, Verse 23 |
| Cebuano | ¶ Daghan ang makaon diha sa binaulan nga yuta sa kabus; Apan adunay pagalaglagon tungod sa pagkawalay-justicia. |
| Croatian | Izobilje je hrane na krèevini siromaškoj, a ima i tko propada s nepravde. |
| Danish | På Fattigfolks Nyjord er rigelig Føde, mens mangen rives bort ved Uret. |
| Dutch | Het ploegen der armen geeft veelheid der spijze; maar daar is een, die verteerd wordt door gebrek van oordeel. |
| Finnish | Köyhien uudiskyntö antaa runsaan ruuan; mutta moni tuhoutuu, joka ei oikeudessa pysy. |
| French | Le champ que défriche le pauvre donne une nourriture abondante, Mais tel périt par défaut de justice. |
| German | Es ist viel Speise in den Furchen der Armen; aber die Unrecht tun, verderben. |
| Haitian Creole | ¶ Jaden malere bay kont manje. Men, lenjistis fè l' mouri grangou. |
| Hungarian | Bõ étele lesz a szegényeknek az új törésen; de van olyan, a ki igazságtalansága által vész el. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Tanah kosong dapat menghasilkan banyak makanan untuk orang miskin; tetapi ketidakadilan menyebabkan tanah itu tidak dikerjakan. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Dari pada perusahaan ladang orang miskin keluarlah banyak rezeki, tetapi suatu kekayaan boleh dihabiskan oleh kurang hemat-hemat. |
| Italian | Il potente distrugge il podere dei poveri e c'è chi è eliminato senza processo. |
| Maori | ¶ He nui te kai kei te ngakinga a nga rawakore; tera ia te mea e ngaro ana i te kore o te tikanga pai. |
| Norwegian | De fattiges nyland gir meget føde; men mangen rykkes bort fordi han ikke gjør det som rett er. |
| Portuguese | Abundância de mantimento há, na lavoura do pobre; mas se perde por falta de juízo. |
| Rumanian | Ogorul pe care -l desyelinewte sqracul dq o hranq kmbelwugatq, dar mulyi pier din pricina nedreptqyii lor. - |
| Spanish | En el campo arado de los pobres hay abundancia de comida, pero es arrasada cuando no hay derecho. |
| Swedish | De fattigas nyodling giver riklig föda, men mången förgås genom sin orättrådighet. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "tillage": tillages. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "tillage": intertillage. (additional references) | |
Words containing "tillage": intertillages. (additional references) | |
| |
"Tillage" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: millage, talage, Tilade, Tilla, tillages, tolagee, tolagol. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "tillage" (pronounced 'Till"age'): Abusage, Accourage, Adage, Adjustage, Alloyage, Amperage, Appendage, Arrearage, Berthage, Blindage, blockage, Boatage, Bondage, Borage, Bordage, Bossage, Breakage, Brewage, Buoyage, Burgage, Careenage, Cartage, Centage, Checkage, Chiefage, Clearage, Cloudage, Clownage, Coinage, Corage, Cordage, Corkage, Costage, Couage, Courage, Cranage, Crimpage, Cuinage, Encourage, Endamage, Escheatage, Floodage, Floorage, flowage, Foldage, Fraughtage, freightage, Frequentage, frontage, fruitage. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-g-i-l-l-t" | |
-1 letter: aiglet, gallet, gelati, ligate, taille, telial. | |
-2 letters: agile, aglet, glial, ileal, legal, legit, telia. | |
-3 letters: alit, egal, gait, gale, gall, gate, gelt, geta, gill, gilt, glia, ilea, late, lati, leal, lilt, lite, tael, tail, tale, tali, tall, teal, tela, tell, tile, till. | |
-4 letters: age, ail, ait, ale, all, alt, ate, eat, ell, eta, gae. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-g-i-l-l-t" | |
+1 letter: legalist, legality, ligulate, tillages. | |
+2 letters: allegiant, allergist, argillite, colligate, eightball, fellating, galleting, genitally, gladliest, legalists, legislate, litigable, metalling, treillage. | |
+3 letters: allegation, allegorist, allergists, argillites, collegiate, colligated, colligates, eightballs, epiglottal, galleryite, illegality, integrally, lateraling, leafleting, legalistic, legalities, legislated, legislates, legislator, lightplane, obligately, tasselling, teaselling, teazelling, tramelling, travelling, treillages. | |
+4 letters: aiguillette, allegations, allegorists, alleviating, alloantigen, candlelight, colligative, decollating, enthralling, ethological, etiological, falteringly, gallantries, galleryites, gallivanted, gametically, genetically, genitivally, hatchelling, inelegantly, lamplighter, lateralling, leafletting, legislating, legislation, legislative, legislators, legislature, lightplanes, metallizing, palletising, palletizing, reallotting, tagliatelle, theological, trammelling, vestigially. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)54 69 6C 6C 61 67 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)- .. .-.. .-.. .- --. . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010100 01101001 01101100 01101100 01100001 01100111 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)T i l l a g e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0054 0069 006C 006C 0061 0067 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)54757878677371 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Bible Trace 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 辭典 , 辞典 , 字引 , 辞林 , 字書 , ディーゼル電気車 , 言海 , 辞彙 , 辞書 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; vertaal, transmetoj, transferoj, نقل من لغة إلى أخرى, ترجم الأفكار الي أعمال, ترجم, بهج لأقصى حد, преправям от старо, премествам, обяснявам, изяснявам, тълкувам, прибирам в рая, превеждам, кърпя, traduir, 翻译, 翻譯 , 翻 , 繙 , přenést, přeložit, překládat, oversætte, vertalen, translateren, overzetten, týða, kääntää, traduire, übersetzen, μεταφράζω, לתר'ם, fordít, þýða, tradurre, トランスフォー 断層 , トランスレート , 번역하십시", chyndaa, oversette, tradusí, tłumaczyć, traduzir, traduce, переводить, prevoditi, prevesti, preneti, traducir, översätta, tercüme yapmak, tercüme etmek, переміщувати, пояснювати, перекладатися, перекладати, trosi, for translate; 翻译, siirros, translation, übersetzend, μετάφραση, תר'ום, traslazione, 번역, tãlmãcire, traductorio, traduciendo, översättandet, översätter, for Translating; transferues, المترجم, الترجمان, преводач, 译者, překladatel, kodeomsætter, omregner, isolertransformer, skilletransformer, omsætter, Oversætter, oversætterprogram, oversaetter, kääntäjä, Traducteur, Übersetzer, Mεταφραστής, μετασχηματιστής απομονώσεως, μεταβιβαστής, μεταφράστησ, μεταφραστής, αποκωδικοποιητής, מתר'ם, תור'מן, fordító, traduttore, 訳者 , 翻訳者 , 翻訳家 , トランスフォー 断層 , トランスレーター , トランスレータ , ほ"やくしゃ, ほ"やくか, やくしゃ, 통역, glareyder, chyndaader, tradutor, tãlmaci, translator, traducãtor, tãlmãcitor, переводчик, tumač, traductor, um-húmushi, översättare, tercüman, транслятор, гравірувальник, перекладач, cyfieithydd, for translator; Engels, anglezët, anglez, gjuhë zngleze, anglishte, anglisht, الإنجليزية, الأنكليزي, إنكليزي, ترجمة إنكليزية, اللغة الإنكليزية, английски език, английски, англичаните, anglès, Ingles, 英语, 英國 , 英文 , 英 , 英語 , anglicky, anglan, inglise, enskt, englantia, englantilainen, anglais, Ingelsk, englisch, εγγλέζοσ, αγγλικόσ, angle, angleze, א 'לית, angol, ensku, enskur, enska, Béarla, inglese, 영국, oluzungu, luzungu, englesch, anglisy, Inggris, Sostynagh, Sostnagh, Baarlagh, english, inglês, anglés, inglestataq, inglesta, englezesc, английский, Igilisi, beurla, engleski, englez, engleski jezik, angleško, ingiriisi, ingiriisiga, sekgowa, inglés, kiingereza, sí-Ngísi, engelsk, peret‘ne, เกี่ยวกับประเทศอังกฤษ, ชาวอังกฤษ, าษาอังกฤษ, sekgoa, ingiltere, ingiliz, Íngílízce, ingilizce, Íngílíz, ýngilizce, англійський, англійці, англійська мова, Saesneg, ngale, isilungu, isiNgisi, for English; Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, الألبانية, الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian; Arabies, arabishte, العربية, عربي, اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic; asturiano, for asturian; aimará, aimara, for aymara; Baskies, Bask, واحد من الباسكيين, الباسكي, Vascu, жакетче, баскски език, баскски, баска, Basko, 巴斯克 , 巴斯克語 , baskiskur, baskiskt, Basque, Baskysk, baskisch, baske, baszk, Bascais, basco, バスに乗る , バスク , Bascish, Bascagh, basc, баскский, баск, baskijski jezik, baskijski, baskijac, vascuence, vasco, bask'lar veya bask dili ile ilgili, bask kabilesinden kimse, футерування, баскський, облицювання, блузка у талію, for Basque; Beier, 巴法力亚, bavarois, bayer, βαυάροσ, bajorországi, bajor, bavarese, Baveyragh, bávaro, bavarski, bavarac, bajersk, bavyera, bavyeralı, баварський, баварець, for Bavarian; μαυροπόδαροσ, for blackfoot; breizhat, 不列"尼人, Breton, Bretone, 브리타니 사람, Britaanagh, Bretonagh, Britaanish, bretão, Llydaweg, for Breton; Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, البلغارية, بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian; каталонски, каталонец, catal , katalánský, Katalaansk, katalanisch, katalane, katalanin, katalán, catalano, catalão, catalan, каталонский, Katalana, katalonski, katalonac, catalán, katalansk, katalonyalı kimse, katalonyalı, katalonya veya dili ile ilgili, katalonya lehçesi, for catalan; Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese; ضارب للإصفرار, корнуолски език, корнуолски, 康沃", cornwallština, cornwallský, cornique, kornisch, aus cornwall, carnwalli nyelvjárás, corwaldi kelta, della cornovaglia, Kernowish, Kernowagh, Cornish, Cornagh, relativo cornualha, dialeto da cornualha, limbã din cornwall, din cornwall, корнуоллский язык, корнуоллский, stanovnik kornvala, kornvalski, córnico, från cornwall, kornisk, cornwall ile ilgili, корнуольський, корнійська мова, Cernyweg, for cornish; Kroaties, хърватски, Croasyano, 克羅地亞語 , chorvatský, kroatiskt, croate, Kroätysk, kroatisch, horvát, croato, croácio, croata, croat, хорватский, hrvatski, hrvat, de croacia, kroatisk, hırvat, хорватська мова, хорватський, хорватка, хорват, for Croatian; Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, تشيكي, اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech; Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish; Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch; الاسبرانتو لغة دولية, Esperantu, есперанто, 世界语, esperanton, espéranto, εσπεράντο, אספר טו, eszperanto, eszperantó, エスキモー犬 , エスペラント , эсперанто, Eseperano, esperanto, Kiesperanto, าษาที่ประ"ิษฐ์ขึ้นเพื่อใช้เป็น าษากลางในการสื่อสารระหว่างประเทศ ซึ่งรากศัพท์ส่วนใหญ่, esperanto dili, tiếng etperantô, for esperanto; Ests, Est, estonez, من أبناء إستونيا, أستونيه, أستونى, Estoniu, естонски, естонец, естонски език, Estonyano, 爱沙尼亚, estonský, ester,estlænder, Estlander, Estlands, eesti, estonianskt, virolainen, estonien, Estysk, Este, Εσθονός, észt, estone, Estoinagh, estônio, estoniano, estónio, eston, эстонец, эстонский, Esotonia, estonski, estonac, estonski jezik, estonio, estländare, ชาวเอสโตเนีย, เกี่ยวกับประชาชน าษาหรือวั'นธรรมของเอสโตเนีย, าษาเอสโตเนีย, for Estonian; 费罗族, føroyskur, färöisk, färöbo, for Faeroese; Farsi, Parsi, persiskt, Fasi, for Farsi; Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish; فلمنكي, الفلمنكية لغة, الأرنب الفلمنكي, фламандски, фламандски език, 佛蘭'語 , 佛兰'语, vlámský, vlaams, Flaamsk, flandrisch, flämisch, פלמי, flamand, flamand nyelv, fiammingo, "랑"르, Flandrynish, Flandrynagh, flamengo, фламандский, flamanski jezik, flamanski, flamenco, flamländsk, flaman diline ait, flaman dili, flaman, фламандська мова, фламандський, Fflemeg, for flemish; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Fries, фризийски, фризиец, Frison, Frysk, Friese, fríz, frisone, Freeshlannish, Freeshlannagh, frisão, frizian, фризский, фриз, frizijac, frizijski, frisio, fris, frizye'li kimse, frizye'li, frizye dili, frizye ile ilgili, фризький, фризька мова, for Frisian; Galicies, Gallegu, Galasyano, 利西亚人, Gallicisch, galisiskt, galicien, Galisysk, galego, galega, galicisch, galizisch, galizier, galicier, galiziano, galéc, Kalisia, gallego, galicia'ya ait, galicia'lı kimse, галісі"ць, галичанин, for Galician; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek; guarani, for guarani; Criollu haitianu, Chabacano, haitiskt, crioulo haitiano, for Haitian Creole; Hawaïes, Hawaianu, Hawayano, 夏威夷, Hawaiaans, hawaiien, hawaiisch, hawaiinerin, hawaiiner, hawaiano, virar esquerda, hawaiisk, hawaiian, คนฮาวาย, าษาฮาวาย, hawaii'ye ait, hawaii'li, hawaii, гавайський, гава"ць, гавайська мова, for Hawaiian; Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, يهودي, عبري, اليهودية, اللغة العبرية, العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, іврит, "врейський, "врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew; Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, الهنغاري, مجري, هنغاري, المجري, اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian; Yslands, islandez, إيسلندي, исландски, 冰岛, islandský, islandsk, Ýslands, islandais, isländisch, ισλανδικόσ, izlandi nyelv, izlandi, íslensku, íslenskar, íslenskur, íslenskan, islandese, Eeslynnish, Eeslynnagh, islandês, islândes, исландский, islandski, islandés, isländsk, izlanda'ya ait, izlandaca, izlanda, ісландська мова, ісландський, tiếng băng đảo, for Icelandic; Indonesies, indonezian, الماليزي أحد أبناء ماليزيا, اللغة الأندونيسية, Indonesiu, индонезийски език, индонезийски, 印度尼西亚语, 印度尼西亞語 , indonéský, indonéština, indonésan, indoneser, Indonesisch, Indisch, Indonesiër, indonesiskt, indonesialainen, indonésien, Yndonesysk, Indonesier, Ινδονήσιος, indonéz, indonesiano, インドネシア語 , インドネシア", 인도네시아, Indoneesagh, indonésio, indonésia, индонезийский, индонезиец, Indtasisian, indonezijski, indonežanin, indonesio, indones, Indonesyo, endonezya'ya ait, endonezyalı, endonezya dili, endonezya, індонезі"ць, індонезійський, індонезійська мова, індонезійка, người In-ddô-nê-xi-a tiếng In-ddô-nê-xi-a, for Indonesian; Iers, irlandez, الأيرلنديون, إيرلندي, اللغة الأيرلندية, ирландска стока, сприхавост, келтски език, ирландски език, ирландски, ирландец, Irlandano, 爱"兰, irský, irština, írskt, irlantilainen, irlandais, Iersk, irisch, ιρλανδόσ, ιρλανδικόσ, אירי, אירל "י, ír, gaelach, irlandese, Yernagh, Erinagh, Airihi, irlandês, irisação, irlandezi, ирландский, irski jezik, irski, irci, irlandés, irländsk, ชาวไอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับชนชาติ าษาและวั'นธรรมไอร์แลน"์, าษาไอร์แลน"์, irlandalı, irlandaca, ірландський, ірландська мова, ірландський народ, Gwyddelig, for Irish; Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, شخص إيطالي, اللغة الإيطالية, الإيطالي, إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian; korean, كوري شمالي, اللغة الكورية, كوري جنوبي, كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean; lombard, банкер, ломбардец, лихвар, банкерски, italský teolog, lombardisch, lombarde, lombardin, lombardiai, lombardo, ростовщик, ломбардский, лангобард, банкир, lombardski, lombarđanin, langobardisk, langobard, for lombard; oluganda, for Luganda; lëtzebuergesch, for Luxembourgish; Македонски, Македонец, 马其顿语, Makedonský, Macedonisch, macédonien, Mazedonisch, Mazedonier, όακεδόνασ, όακεδονικόσ, maqedon, Macedóniai, macedón, Macedone, 마케도니아, Masseydoanagh, macedónio, Macedonean, Македонский, makedonski, makedonski jezik, makedonac, Macedónico, Macedonisk, Macedonier, ชาวมาเซอะโ"เนีย, Makedonya, Makedonya'lı, Македонський, Македонець, for Macedonian; madagaskar, малгашки език, мадагаскарец, мадагаскарски, patřící republice malagasy, madagasker, Malagassische, Malagassiër, madagaskarilainen, Madagassin, Madagasse, Μαλγάσιος, madagaszkári, malgascio, malagasy, malgaxe, málaga, малагасийский, малагасиец, malagasi, madagaskarski, madagaskarac, malgache, madagascarí, madagask, ชาว Madagascar, madagaskar'lı, madagaskar dili, малагасійський, мадагаскарський, мальгашка, мальгаш, малагасійська мова, for malagasy; Slams, Maleis, malajas, малайски, малайски език, 馬來 , malais, malaiisch, malaie, Malaye, malaiin, maláj, malese, Yn Valay, malaio, malaxar, malaiez, малайский, малаец, malajski jezik, malajski, malajac, malayo, malajisk, malayalı, malaya, malaya dili, мала"ць, малайська мова, малайський, малайка, người Mã lai tiếng Mã lai, for Malay; gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx; Maori, 毛利人, Maori-taal, maori bennszülött, citrusfélék betegsége, új-zélandi bennszülött, マオリ族 , マオリぞく, Маори, язык Маори, maor, Maorí, ชาวเมารี เป็นชนพื้นเมืองของนิวซีแลน"์, Yeni Zelanda Yerlisi, Yeni Zelanda Yerli Dili, Мова Маорі, Маорі, for Maori; маи, привидност, илюзия, mayasprache, マネーフロー分析 , マヤ , maia, เผ่าอินเ"ียนแ"ง, สิ่งลวงตา, maya, maya dili, мова майя, майя, for maya; mohok, фигура при пързаляне с кънки, индианец мохаук, hasonélű táncfordulat, egy indián törzs neve, モノカルボン酸 , モホーク , maometano, индеец-могавк, mohikanac, ชนชาวเผ่าอินเ"ียนแ"งเผ่าหนึ่ง, าษาอินเ"ียนแ"ง, for mohawk; Noorweegs, Noor, Noors, نرويجى, النرويجية, النرويجى, اللغة النروجية, Noruegu, норвежки, норвежка, норвежки език, Norwedyan, 挪威语, norský, nordmand, norskur, norskt, norjalainen, Norvégien, Noarsk, Noar, Noarweechsk, Norweger, Νορβηγός, νορβηγόσ, νορβηγικόσ, norvegjez, norvég, Norðmaður, norvegese, 노르웨이, Norlannish, Loghlynish, Loghlynagh, Norlannagh, norsk, noruechi, Norweg, norueguês, norvegian, norvegianã, норвежец, норвежский, norveški jezik, norvežanin, norveški, noruego, norrman, Norveçce, norveççe, norveç, norveçli, Norveçlí, норвезька мова, норвезький, норвежці, норвежець, người Na-uy tiếng Na-uy, Norwyeg, for Norwegian; anglishtja e bastarduar, إنجليزي مبسط, англо-китайски жаргон, sabir, σπασμένα αγγλικά, keleti kikötők tört angolsága, pidgin english, "サの斜" , "ジンイングリッシュ , trivial, пиджин-инглиш, kreolska verzija engleskog jezika, inglés macarrónico, pidginengelska, uzakdoğuda konuşulan ingilizce ile karışık dil, for pidgin english; Pools, polonisht, polak, përmirësoj, صقل, هذب, حك, بولندي, جلو, جلا, جود, أنهاه بسرعة, رقة, حسن, نظف بشدة, لمع الجلد, لمع, ورنشة, مادة ملمعة, تهذيب, مسح, اللغة البولندية, دهان الأحذية, Polacu, лъскавина, лъскам се, лъскам, лакирам, лак, изисканост, полиране, полирам, политура, подобрявам, изтънченост, изглаждам, излъскване, полски, гланц, елегантност, лустро, шлифовам, полски език, шлифовка, поправям, излъскам, блясък, Polandino, 磨光 , 琢磨 , 波蘭語 , "亮剂, 劖 , polština, polský, pudsemiddel til fodtoej, polermiddel, politur, polere, schoensmeer, pussa, pólska, pólskur, kiillottaa, polir, Poalsk, polieren, στίλβωση, στιλβώνω, λουστράρω, פול י, פול ית, לצחצח, ל"בריק, לשפשף, לשוף, צחצוח, למרוק, לטוש, ל"ב"יק, לתמרט, ללטש, למרק, למרוט, lengyel, lucentezza, 光沢 , すい"う, ポーランド", とぎ, たくま, せ"れ", "うたく, みがき, 광택, cur sollyssid er, gloasey, Polynnish, scooirey, follid, gloas, gloasaghey, sollyssid, polako, pòlshi, pòlesh, polski, polonés, polonez, polon, полировать, полировка, польский, польский язык, лоск, обделать, глянец, отделка, вычистить, snasaich, lìomh, pasta za cipele, polirati, politirati, politura, poljski, poljski jezik, polaco, limpiar, polera, polsk, parlaklık, perdah, polonya dili, perdahlamak, parlatma, parlatmak, polonyalı, Polonyali, polonya, політура, поліровка, полірування, полірувати, польський, польська мова, обтісувати, робити вишуканим, лиск, шліфувати, тонкість, vẻ thanh nhã, nước láng nước đánh bóng, nước bóng, vẻ tao nhã, llathru, caboli, gloywi, for Polish; Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese; provansal, провансалски, провансалец, provence-i, provenzale, provençal, прованский, provansalski jezik, provansalski, provenzal, provensalsk, провансалець, прованський, провансальська мова, провансальський, for provencal; qheshwata, qheshwallata, limba quechua, indian din tribul quechua incaş, quechua, for Quechua; Roemeen, rumun, Rumanu, румънски език, румънски, румънец, Romanyan, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, rumenskt, romanialainen, roumain, Roemeensk, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, romanés, român, румын, румынский, rumunski, rumunski jezik, rumano, rumänsk, румунська мова, румун, румунський, румунка, for Romanian; cigan, الغجري, цигански език, цигански, циганин, romština, bohémien, γύφτοσ, αθίγγανοσ, τσιγγάνοσ, roma, zingaro, zingaresco, lingua degli zingari, Romanee, Romanish, rom, цыганский, цыган, romski, romano, romani, ชาวยิปซี, çingeneler, çingenece, çingene, циганська мова, циганка, циган, циганський, for romany; Russies, Rus, الروسية, روسي, اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian; самоански, самоанец, самоански език, samoanisch, samoaner, người Xa-mô-a tiếng Xa-mô-a, for samoan; Skots, skocez, шотландски, 苏 兰, skotský, Schots, skotskur, skotlantilainen, écossais, schottisch, σκωτσέζικο, σκωτικόσ, skót, skozur, scozzese, 스"틀랜", Albinagh, escocês, scoţian, шотландский, škotski jezik, škotski, škotlanđani, escocés, skotsk, iskoçyalı, шотланський, шотландці, шотландський діалект, for Scottish; 塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, for Serbo-Croatian; сицилиански, сицилианец, 西西里人, sicilský, Siciliaans, sicilien, Sizilianer, σικελόσ, σικελικόσ, szicíliai, 시 리아, Shisslagh, siciliano, sicilian, сицилийский, житель сицилии, sicilijski, sicilijanski, sicilijanac, siciliansk, sicilianare, sicilyalı, sicilya, сицилійський діалект, сицилійський, сицилі"ць, for sicilian; Sloween, Slloven, Словенец, 斯洛文尼亚语, Slovinský, Slovinec, Slovinština, slovener, Sloveen, slovenialainen, Slovène, Slowenin, Slowene, Σλοβένος, Szlovén, Sloveno, 슬로 니아 사람, Sloveanagh, Esloveno, Slovenesc, Sloven, slovenački, slovenske, slovensko, Slovence, Словенець, Словенський, for Slovene; сомалийски, сомалиец, езикът сомали, Somalisch, Somaliër, somalialainen, Somalien, Somalier, Σομαλός, somalo, 소말리, somaliano, somali, soomaali, somalí, сомалійський, мова сомалі, сомалі"ць, for somali; Sotho-taal, Sotho, sutu, sí-Sûtfu, umSuthu, isiSuthu, for Sotho; Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, اللغة الأسبانية, الأسبانية, أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish; 斯"希裡語 , 斯"希裡 , Swahili-, Swahili, szuahéli nyelv, szuahéli, スワ'リ語 , スワ'リ", suaíli, soahili, Siuahili, suajili, kiswahili, ชาวแอฟริกาตะวันออก, суахілі, for Swahili; swazilænder, swazimaalainen, Swasi, swazi, suazilandês, suazilandés, suazi, sí-Swati, swaziländare, isiSwati, for Swazi; Sweeds, suedez, اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish; Tagalu, tagalòg, Filipaina, tagalog, สมาชิกของชาวมลายูในเกาะลูซอนของฟิลิปปินส์, าษาอินโ"นีเซียที่ใช้กันในฟิลิปปินส์, for Tagalog; Tahitiaans, Tahitiaan, tahitisch, tahitianer, tahitiano, tahitili, tahiti dili, tahiti, for Tahitian; Tailandes, 泰國 , 泰文 , 泰国, 泰 , thailænder, Thailander, Thai, Thais, thailendskt, thaimaalainen, Thaïlandais, thailändisch, Thailänder, Ταϊλανδός· Ταϊλανδέζος, tailandese, 泰語 , たい", 타이 말, tailandês, tailandés, thailändare, ที่เกี่ยวกับประเทศไทย, าษาไทย, เกี่ยวกับคนไทย, คนไทย, Taylandlı, Tayland Dili, Tayland, Tai Dili, Та"ць, Тайська Мова, Тайський, for Thai; Tswana, Tswana-taal, sí-Tjwána, setswana, umTswana, for Tswana; Turks, turk, تركي أحد أبناء تركيا, اللغة التركية, Turcu, турски, турски език, Turko, 土耳其, 土耳其語 , tureètina, turecký, turkist, turkkilainen, turque, turc, Turksk, türkisch, τούρκικοσ, טורקי, török, Yn Turkish, Turkagh, turcesc, турецкий, turski jezik, turski, turco, turkisk, türk, türkçe, турецька мова, турецький, tiếng Thổ nhĩ kỳ, for Turkish; Тюркменски Език, turkmener, Turkmeen, Turkmeense, turkmenistanilainen, Turkmène, Turkmene, Turkmenin, Τουρκομάνος, turkmeno, turcomano, turquemeno, turquemene, turkmenistanier, for Turkmen; 乌克兰, for Ukranian; Vietnamees, vietnamez, vietnamisht, виетнамски език, виетнамски, Vietnamis, 越南語 , 越南 , 越南语, vietnamský, vietnamka, vietnamec, vietnamština, vietnameser, vjetmanskt, vietnamilainen, vietnamien, Fjetnameesk, vietnamese, vietnamesisch, Vietnamesin, 'ιετναμέζος, vietnami, vietnámi, ベトナ 人 , ベトナ じ", 트남, vietnamita, вьетнамский, vijetnamski jezik, vijetnamski, vijetnamac, vietnames, vietnam, vietnamlı, vietnam dili, в'"тнамець, в'"тнамський, người Việt nam tiếng Việt, for Vietnamese; Wallies, i uellsit, gjuha e uellsit, shkel premtimin, populli i uellsit, ik pa paguar, ويلزي, الولزية لغة إقليم ويلز, تهرب من دفع الرهان, не си плащам дълга, измъквам се от задължение, уелски език, уелски, 威"士, 威爾士語 , waleština, waleský, Wels, valisiskt, gallois, walisisch, δεν πληρώνω τα οφειλόμενα, ουάλλοσ, ουαλλικόσ, walesi, Breatnais, gallese, Bretnagh, galês, gallés, limba velşã, din ţara galilor, velş, уэльский, velški jezik, podvaliti, velški, velšanin, galés, walesisk, galler ile ilgili, sözünü tutmamak, gal dili, bahisleri ödemeden kaçmak, şartları yerine getirmemek, ödemeden kaçmak, у"льський, валлійська мова, валлійці, валлійський, не віддати гроші, Cymreig, for Welsh; jalofo, wolof, for wolof; Xhosa, Xhosa-, sí-Choza, isiXhosa, umXhosa, for Xhosa; Zoeloe, Zuluano, Zoeloetaal, sulumál, Zoulou, ζουλού, zulu, zulù, Soolooish, Sooloo, zulo, zolo, зулусский, Sulu, zulu jezik, zulú, sí-Zulu, zulu-, เผ่าซูลูในแอฟริกา, zulu dili, zulu kabilesinden kimse, zulu kabilesi, зулуський, зулус, зулуська мова, umZulu, isiZulu, for Zulu; |
