Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Sunflower |
SunflowerNoun1. Any plant of the genus Helianthus having large flower heads with dark disk florets and showy yellow rays. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "sunflower" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1854. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Literature | Sunflower (The). Clytie, a waternymph, was in love with Apollo, but meeting no return, she died and was changed into a sunflower, which still turns to the sun through its daily course. "The sunflower turns on the god, when lie sets, The same look which she turned when he rose." T. Moore: (Believe me if all those endearing young charms). "I will not have the mad Clytie, Whose head is turned by the sun." Hood. What we call a sunflower is the Helianthus, so called, not because it follows the sun, but because it resembles a picture sun. A bed of these flowers will turn in every direction, regardless of the sun. The Turnsole is the Heliotropium, quite another order of plants. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Sunflower
'' Enlarge sunflowers image
More images''Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Helianthus Species: annuus Binomial name Helianthus annuus The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a large (to 3 m) annual plant in the Family Asteraceae with a flower head (inflorescence) as much as 30 cm (1 ft) across and notable for turning to face into the sun. Sunflowers are native to the Americas, and were domesticated around 1000 B.C. Francisco Pizarro found the Incas venerating the sunflower as an image of their sun god, and gold images of the "flower" as well as seeds were taken back to Europe early in the 16th century. Helianthus is from the Greek for "sunflower".
What is called the flower is actually a head (formerly composite flower) of numerous flowers crowded together. The outer flowers are the ray florets and can be yellow, maroon, orange, or other colors. These flowers are sterile. The flowers that fill the circular head inside the ray flowers are called disc florets. The arrangement of florets within this cluster is such that each is separated from the next by approximately the golden ratio, producing a pattern of spirals where the number of left spirals and the number of right spirals are successive Fibonacci numbers. The disc florets mature into "seeds". However, what we commonly call the seeds are actually the fruit (an achene) of the plant, with the true seeds encased in an inedible husk. Sunflower "whole seeds" (fruit) are sold as snacks, especially in the United States and Europe, and as food for birds.
Sunflower oil, extracted from the seeds, is used for cooking (but is less cardiohealthy than olive oil) and is used to produce biodiesel, for which it is less expensive than the olive product. The meal remaining after the seeds have been processed for oil is used as a livestock feed. Some recently developed varieties have drooping heads. These varieties are less attractive to gardeners growing the flowers as ornamentals, but appeal to farmers, because they reduce bird damage and losses from some plant diseases.
The sunflower is the state flower of the U.S. state of Kansas.
The Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosa) is related to the sunflower. The Mexican sunflower is Tithonia rotundifolia. False sunflower refers to plants of the genus Heliopsis.
References
- Shosteck, Robt. 1974. Flowers and Plants. An International Lexicon with Biographical Notes. Quadrangle/The New York Times Book Co. 329 p.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Sunflower."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Sunflower County is a county located in the U.S. State of Mississippi. As of 2000, the population is 34,369. Its county seat is Indianola6.Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,832 km² (707 mi²). 1,797 km² (694 mi²) of it is land and 35 km² (13 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.90% water.Demographics
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 34,369 people, 9,637 households, and 7,314 families residing in the county. The population density is 19/km² (50/mi²). There are 10,338 housing units at an average density of 6/km² (15/mi²). The racial makeup of the county is 28.88% White, 69.86% Black or African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.48% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. 1.30% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 9,637 households out of which 38.40% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.30% are married couples living together, 28.40% have a female householder with no husband present, and 24.10% are non-families. 21.20% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.70% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.01 and the average family size is 3.50. In the county the population is spread out with 27.90% under the age of 18, 14.00% from 18 to 24, 30.30% from 25 to 44, 18.10% from 45 to 64, and 9.70% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 30 years. For every 100 females there are 115.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 120.00 males. The median income for a household in the county is $24,970, and the median income for a family is $29,144. Males have a median income of $26,208 versus $19,145 for females. The per capita income for the county is $11,365. 30.00% of the population and 24.60% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 39.50% are under the age of 18 and 24.10% are 65 or older.Cities and towns
*Doddsville
*Drew
*Indianola
*Inverness
*Moorhead
*Ruleville
*SunflowerSource: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Sunflower County, Mississippi."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Sunflower is a town located in Sunflower County, Mississippi. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 696.Geography
Sunflower is located at 33°32'43" North, 90°32'15" West (33.545397, -90.537595)1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.0 km² (0.4 mi²). 1.0 km² (0.4 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there are 696 people, 229 households, and 166 families residing in the town. The population density is 671.8/km² (1,719.3/mi²). There are 242 housing units at an average density of 233.6/km² (597.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 27.87% White, 71.26% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 0.43% from two or more races. 0.14% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 229 households out of which 36.2% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.9% are married couples living together, 25.8% have a female householder with no husband present, and 27.5% are non-families. 24.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 12.7% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.04 and the average family size is 3.69. In the town the population is spread out with 30.7% under the age of 18, 14.5% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 15.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 29 years. For every 100 females there are 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 79.9 males. The median income for a household in the town is $21,842, and the median income for a family is $23,750. Males have a median income of $22,143 versus $21,458 for females. The per capita income for the town is $12,176. 39.5% of the population and 30.7% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 52.6% are under the age of 18 and 35.1% are 65 or older.Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Sunflower, Mississippi."
Synonym: SunflowerSynonym: helianthus (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Sunflower |
| English words defined with "sunflower": aster family, Asteraceae ♦ common sunflower, Compositae, Compound flower ♦ Discoid flower ♦ family Asteraceae, family Compositae ♦ genus Tithonia ♦ Helianthus angustifolius, Helianthus annuus, Helianthus petiolaris ♦ inseminate, inward-developing ♦ Jerusalem artichoke ♦ mirasol ♦ Palea, prairie sunflower ♦ ray floret, ray flower, Receptacular ♦ seed, sough, sow, sow in, sunchoke, sunflower oil, sunflower-seed oil, swamp sunflower ♦ Turnsole. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "sunflower": Clytie, Cottonseed Oil Assistance Program ♦ Linola ♦ milk gowan, Misnomers ♦ Oilseed crops ♦ Section 32, Sunflower Oil Assistance Program. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "sunflower": Helianthoidea. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | One sunflower, embarrassing the Tax Man tax. (Popeye; writing credit: Jules Feiffer; E.C. Segar) | |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. The Sunflower Star Star, Pycnopodia helianthoides, is found on a variety of subtidal bottoms and in extremely low intertidal zones from Unalaska Island, Alaska, to Baja California, Mexico. The largest, heaviest, and quickest moving sea star, it measures up to 90 cm in diameter. Color ranges from orange to purplish. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |  | Cotton field in Sunflower County in the Mississippi Delta. Credit: Lynn Betts. |
 | Conservationist in Sunflower County, Mississippi discuss a landowner's plan to restore wetlands adn grasslands among cotton fields to improve water quality and wildlife habitat. Credit: Lynn Betts. |  | Rich sources of copper: oysters, beef or lamb liver, Brazil nuts, blackstrap molasses, cocoa, and black pepper. Good sources: lobster, nuts and sunflower seeds, green olives, and wheat bran. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Keith Weller.. |
 | Sunflower Helianthus annulusWildflower. Credit: Roger Rosentreter. |  | A sunflower seed head (spent) in the John Day River area. Credit: John Craig. |
 | Smith School, a little country school near Sunflower, Mississippi--Teacher giving out grapefruit from Lake Wales, Florida, donated to the Red Cross. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Side of sharecropper's cabin near Pace, Mississippi. Background photo for Sunflower Plantation. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Barn of sharecropper near Pace, Mississippi. Background photo for Sunflower Plantation. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Sunflower plants. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Bee on sunflower" by Dominik Daniluk Commentary: "Bee on sunflower." | "Fake Sunflower" by Krista Commentary: "Close-up of a fake sunflower." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Jean Paul Richter | Every friend is to the other a sun, and a sunflower also. He attracts and follows. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | They find that selling sunflower oil in bulk to the world, which can be bottled in any country, offers slim margins since commodity prices of ordinary oils apply. (references) | |
Facing this position, farmers may well decide to switch from maize to other summer crops (e.g. sunflower, canola flower, and sorghum), that may stimulate the growth of other types of machinery outside the traditional maize equipment. (references) | ||
Wheat, grain sorghum, groundnuts, sunflower seed, sugar cane, tobacco, hay and cotton, together with maize, are the most important field crops, while wine grapes, deciduous fruit, citrus, sub tropical fruit and vegetables are the main horticultural products. (references) | ||
Economic History | Mauritius | Soya bean oil constituted 85%, sunflower oil 12%, palm olein the remainder. (references) |
Ukraine | Cargill has opened a +ACQ-50 million sunflower seed processing plant near Donetsk. (references) | |
Ukraine | Here domestically produced sunflower seeds are crushed for use in oil, food and soaps. (references) | |
Trade | Bulgaria | Currently products subject to temporarily duty free quotas are insecticides and fungicides, paper and pulp, wheat and sunflower oil. (references) |
Moldova | WESTNIS has 50 percent of the company's equity and purchased Massey Ferguson combines for harvesting peas, barley, wheat, soy, beans, sunflower, and corn, as well as bailer for straw. (references) | |
Bulgaria | In principle, the purpose of registration is to monitor the movement of some "sensitive" goods such as textiles and metals, or of food products which have been in short supply on the domestic market for a certain period: some types of meat, dairy products, sunflower and vegetable oils. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Sunflower" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 88.71% of the time. "Sunflower" is used about 62 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 88.71% | 55 | 45,713 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.84% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 3.23% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 3.23% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 62 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
1. Sunflower, MS (town, FIPS 71600) |
Expressions using "sunflower": alpine sunflower ♦ common sunflower ♦ desert sunflower ♦ giant sunflower ♦ Jerusalem artichoke sunflower ♦ Maximilian's sunflower ♦ mexican sunflower ♦ prairie sunflower ♦ showy sunflower ♦ Sunflower County ♦ sunflower oil ♦ sunflower seed ♦ sunflower seed oil ♦ sunflower State ♦ swamp sunflower ♦ tall sunflower ♦ the sunflower state ♦ tickseed sunflower ♦ woolly sunflower. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "sunflower": sunflower-seed, sunflower-seed oil. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
sunflower | 4,820 | sunflower pic | 33 |
sunflower seed | 1,048 | field of sunflower | 32 |
van gogh sunflower | 758 | davids seed sunflower | 31 |
sunflower oil | 694 | sunflower bouquet | 29 |
sunflower picture | 329 | grow sunflower | 26 |
sunflower rug | 274 | game sunflower | 25 |
sunflower bank | 95 | sunflower art | 25 |
sunflower tattoo | 86 | sunflower bedding | 24 |
david sunflower seed | 81 | sunflower decoration | 24 |
growing sunflower | 75 | sunflower background | 24 |
sunflower photo | 75 | graphic sunflower | 23 |
sunflower wallpaper | 55 | planting sunflower | 23 |
game state sunflower | 52 | decor sunflower | 21 |
setting sunflower | 52 | mexican sunflower | 21 |
sunflower clipart | 50 | drawing sunflower | 20 |
sunflower plant | 47 | poem sunflower | 19 |
sunflower painting | 45 | pattern sunflower | 19 |
dodge sunflower | 40 | sunflower wedding | 19 |
sunflower broadband | 38 | cake sunflower | 17 |
sunflower clip art | 36 | sunflower curtain | 17 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "sunflower"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | luledielli. (various references) | |
Arabic | عباد الشمس (turnsole), دوار الشمس. (various references) | |
Blackfoot | naató'saapistsisskitsi. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | слънчоглед. (various references) | |
Chinese | 葵花 , 葵 , 向日葵. (various references) | |
Czech | sluneènice (sun-flower). (various references) | |
Danish | solsikke. (various references) | |
Dutch | zonnebloem. (various references) | |
Esperanto | sunfloro, helianto. (various references) | |
Farsi | گیاه افتاب گرا. (various references) | |
Finnish | auringon-kukka, auringonkukka. (various references) | |
French | tournesol. (various references) | |
Frisian | sinneblom. (various references) | |
German | Sonnenblume (sun flower). (various references) | |
Greek | ηλιοτρόπιο (heliotrope, litmus), ηλίανθος, ήλιοσ (Sol, sun), ήλιος (sun). (various references) | |
Hebrew | שמשיה (parasol, sunshade), חמנית. (various references) | |
Hungarian | napraforgó (heliotrope, turnsole). (various references) | |
Indonesian | bunga matahari. (various references) | |
Italian | girasole. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 葵花 , 向日葵 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | きか (curiosity, geometry, mechanization, naturalization, troops under one's command, under ones command, under the banner, vaporization, word of respect added to the adressee's name on a letter, you, your home), ひまわり. (various references) | |
Korean | 해바라기. (various references) | |
Manx | lus ny greiney. (various references) | |
Papago | hihwai. (various references) | |
Papiamen | zòneblum. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | unflowersay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | girassol (litmus, turnsole). (various references) | |
Romanian | floarea-soarelui. (various references) | |
Russian | подсолнух подсолнечный, подсолнух, подсолнечник. (various references) | |
Sepedi | sonopolomo. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | suncokret (heliotrope, turnsole). (various references) | |
Spanish | tornasol (litmus), girasol. (various references) | |
Swedish | solros. (various references) | |
Thai | ดอกทานตะวัน. (various references) | |
Turkish | günebakan (helianthus), gündöndü (helianthus), ayçiçeği (helianthus), ayçíçeğí. (various references) | |
Turkmen | gьnebakar. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | соняшник. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | Helianthus, Helianthus annuus L. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "sunflower": sunflowers. (additional references) | |
| |
"Sunflower" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: sufflower, suflower, sunfoower. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "sunflower" (pronounced su"nflou'er) |
| 5 | -n f l ou' er | coneflower, cornflower. |
| 4 | -f l ou' er | bellflower, cauliflower, mayflower, safflower, wallflower, wildflower. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-f-l-n-o-r-s-u-w" | |
-2 letters: flowers, fowlers, ourself, reflown, reflows, sulfone, unswore, wolfers. | |
-3 letters: enrols, ensoul, felons, flours, flower, fluors, fouler, fowler, frowns, loners, lowers, nerols, owners, reflow, resown, rouens, rowels, rowens, slower, woeful, wolfer, worsen. | |
-4 letters: enols, enows, enrol, euros, felon, ferns, flews, floes, flour, flown, flows, flues, fluor, fores, fouls, fours, fowls, froes, frons, frown, frows. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-f-l-n-o-r-s-u-w" | |
+1 letter: sunflowers, underflows. | |
+3 letters: counterflows, wrongfulness. | |
+4 letters: sorrowfulness, wonderfulness. | |
+5 letters: worshipfulness, wrongfulnesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Usage Frequency 12. Cities | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
