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Definition: Root |
RootAdjective1. Arising from or going to the root; "a radical flaw in the plan". Noun1. The usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground. 2. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed; "thematic vowels are part of the stem". 3. The place where something begins, where it springs into being; "the Italian beginning of the Renaissance"; "Jupiter was the origin of the radiation"; "Pittsburgh is the source of the Ohio River"; "communism's Russian root". 4. A number that when multiplied by itself some number of times equals a given number. 5. The set of values that give a true statement when substituted into an equation. 6. Someone from whom you are descended (but usually more remote that a grandparent). 7. A simple form inferred as the common basis from which related words in several languages can be derived by linguistic processes. 8. The part of a tooth that is embedded in the jaw and serves as support. Verb1. Take root; begin to grow; of plants. 2. Come into existence, originate. 3. Plant by the roots. 4. Dig with the snout; "the pig was rooting for truffles". 5. Take sides with; align oneself with; show strong sympathy for; "We all rooted for the home team"; "I'm pulling for the underdog"; "Are you siding with the defender of the title?". 6. Become settled or established and stable in one's residence or life style; "He finally settled down". 7. Cause to take roots. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "root" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Root n. [Unix] 1. The superuser account (with user name `root') that ignores permission bits, user number 0 on a Unix system. The term avatar is also used. 2. The top node of the system directory structure; historically the home directory of the root user, but probably named after the root of an (inverted) tree. 3. By extension, the privileged system-maintenance login on any OS. See root mode, go root, see also wheel. Source: Jargon File. |
Chemical Industry | The points, as shown in cross section, at which the bottom of the weld intersects the base material surfaces. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geography | Basal part of a fold nappe that was originally linked to its sources or root zone. Source: European Union. (references) |
Language | That part of a word which is left after all inflexional and derivational affixes have been removed. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A meaningful morpheme recurring with affixes or replacives in grammatically different forms. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Math | The distinguished initial or fundamental item of a tree. The only item which has no parent. See the figure at tree. (references) |
Slang | Verb. Source: Unknown. Definition: Sex. Context: Used mostly when guys are around or a girl who doesnt know what it means. Social Source: Riley hall pool junkies. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In music theory, the word inversion has a number of meanings.
When applied to melodies, the inversion of a given melody is the melody turned upside-down - so if the original melody has a rising major third (see interval), the inverted melody has a falling major third. Similarly, in the twelve-tone technique, the inversion of the tone row is the so-called prime series turned upside-down.
When applied to counterpoint, a contrapuntal inversion of two melodies simultaneously being played by two voices is the switching of the melodies between voices, so that the upper-voice melody is now played in the lower voice, and vice versa.
An inverted interval is an interval whose top note has been transposed down an octave, or whose bottom note has been transposed up an octave. When perfect intervals are inverted they remain perfect. When major intervals are inverted they become minor and minor becomes major. Augmented intervals become diminished, and diminished become augmented. Thus the interval of a perfect fifth becomes a perfect fourth, minor second a major seventh.
An inverted chord is a chord which has a note other than its root in the bass. For example, the root position of a triad of C major has the C in the bass:
A triad in root position, therefore, is made up of the root note and a third and a fifth above it.
The first inversion of the same triad has the E, the third of the triad, in the bass:
This means that a triad in first inversion is made up of the root plus a third and a sixth above it. In figured bass, a first inversion is indicated by the number 6.
The second inversion has the fifth, the G, in the bass:
A triad in second inversion, therefore, is made up of the root plus a fourth and a sixth above it. The figured bass notation for this is 64.
The third inversion of a triad cannot be constructed, since a triad has only three notes. Chords of four notes or more, however, can be in their third inversion: the third inversion of a dominant seventh in C major, for example (made up of the notes G, B, D and F) has the seventh, F, in the bass. This gives a chord made up of the root plus a second, fourth and sixth above it. The figured bass notation is accordingly 642.
The terms "root", "first inversion", and "second inversion" may also be applied to chords in which the notes are not closely spaced. For instance, C-G-E, where the E is a major sixth above G, is also considered to be in root position, and more generally, any C major chord in which C is the lowest note is considered to be in root position. Similarly, any C major chord with E on the bottom counts as a first inversion, any C major chord with G on the bottom counts as a second inversion; and analogously for all other chords.
For other meanings of the word inversion, see inversion.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Inversion (music)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
For other meanings of root see root (disambiguation)
In botany, roots form the portions of a plant which generally lie below the level of the soil. Roots normally have a tendency to grow downward in order to reach more nutrients and water which the plant needs to survive.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In Unix style computer operating systems, root is the name of the user who has all rights on permissions in all modes (single or multi user). Normally this is the administrator's account. The user root can do many things an ordinary user cannot, such as changing the ownership of files and binding to a server portIf a person 'has root access' it means that they are able to act as the administrator of that computer.
Additionally it refers to the base of the file system's directory structure. See Root directory.
Furthermore, in a tree data type, the root is the lowest node in the tree.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root (computing)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The word root has a number of meaings:
See also:
- root (biology) - the part of a plant below ground
- root (linguistics) - the core form of a word
- root (mathematics) - value for which a formula is zero
- roots (music) - an early form of American music
- root (computing) - the root of a tree structure is the starting node. Also the privileged Unix user account.
- root (chord) - the tonic chord in a key
- Roots (mini-series)
- Roots (novel)
- Roots of anti-Semitism
- Roots (company) a Canadian clothing company
- The Roots an alternative hip hop group.
- Square root
- Root directory
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root (disambiguation)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In etymology, a root comprises the core form of a word, often in a primitive attestation or even in a reconstruction. Root forms have importance in deducing the structure of language families such as those of Semitic or Dravidian languages.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root (linguistics)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In mathematics, a root (or a zero) of a function f is an element x in the domain of f such that f(x)=0.Consider the equation . 3 is then called a root of f, because f(3)=0.
If the function is mapping from real numbers to real numbers, its zeros are essentially where its graph hits the x-axis.
A substantial amount of mathematics was developed in order to find roots of various functions, especially polynomials. The roots of a quadratic equation could be given by the quadratic formula, and the study of the roots of polynomials of degree 3 led to the discovery of complex numbers.
Many real polynomials don't have a real number as a root, but the Fundamental theorem of algebra states that every polynomial of degree n has n complex roots, counted with their multiplicities.
One of the most important unsolved problems in mathematics concerns the location of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function.
Compare with the concept of a pole.
A root can also describe a number in the form x1/a, such as the square root.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root (mathematics)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In mathematics, a nth root of unity is a complex number z such that zn = 1, where n is a positive integer.
Roots of unity in the complex numbers
For every positive integer n, there are n different n-th roots of unity. For example, the third roots of unity are 1, (−1 +i√3) /2 and (−1 − i√3) /2. In general, the n-th roots of unity can be written as:
for j = 0, ..., n − 1 (see pi and exponential function); this is a consequence of Euler's identity. Geometrically, the n-th roots of unity are located on the unit circle in the complex plane, forming the corners of a regular n-gon.
Providing n is at least 2, these numbers add up to 0, a simple fact that is of constant use in mathematics. It can be proved in any number of ways, for example by recognising the sum as coming from a geometric progression.
Algebraic structure
The nth roots of unity form a group under multiplication of complex numbers. This group is cyclic. A generator of this group is called a primitive n-th root of unity. The primitive n-th roots of unity are precisely the numbers of the form exp(2πij/n) where j and n are coprime. Therefore, there are φ(n) different primitive n-th roots of unity, where φ(n) denotes Euler's phi function.
Cyclotomic polynomials
The n-th roots of unity are precisely the zeros of the polynomial p(X) = Xn − 1; the primitive n-th roots of unity are precisely the zeros of the nth cyclotomic polynomial
where z1,...,zφ(n) are the primitive n-th roots of unity. The polynomial Φn(X) has integer coefficients and is irreducible over the rationals (i.e., cannot be written as a product of two positive-degree polynomials with rational coefficients). The case of prime n, which is easier than the general assertion, follows from Eisenstein's criterion.
Every nth root of unity is a primitive dth root of unity for exactly one positive divisor d of n. This implies that
This formula represents the factorization of the polynomial Xn - 1 into irreducible factors and can also be used to compute the cyclotomic polynomials recursively. The first few are
In general, if p is a prime number, then all pth roots of unity except 1 are primitive pth roots, and we have
- Φ1(X) = X − 1
- Φ2(X) = X + 1
- Φ3(X) = X2 + X + 1
- Φ4(X) = X2 + 1
- Φ5(X) = X4 +X3 + X2 + X + 1
- Φ6(X) = X2 - X + 1
Note that, contrary to first appearances, not all coefficients of all cyclotomic polynomials are 1, −1, or 0; the first polynomial where this occurs is Φ105, since 105=3*5*7 is the first product of three odd primes.
Cyclotomic fields
By adjoining a primitive nth root of unity to Q, one obtains the nth cyclotomic field Fn. This field contains all nth roots of unity and is the splitting field of the nth cyclotomic polynomial over Q. The field extension Fn/Q has degree φ(n) and its Galois group is naturally isomorphic to the multiplicative group of units of the ring Z/nZ.
As the Galois group of Fn/Q is abelian, this is an abelian extension. Every subfield of a cyclotomic field is an abelian extension of the rationals. In these cases Galois theory can be written out quite explicitly in terms of Gaussian periods: this theory from the Disquisitiones Arithmeticae of Gauss was published many years before Galois.
Conversely, every abelian extension of the rationals is such a subfield of a cyclotomic field - a theorem of Kronecker.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root of unity."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Root is a town located in Montgomery County, New York. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 1,752.Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 132.1 km² (51.0 mi²). 131.6 km² (50.8 mi²) of it is land and 0.5 km² (0.2 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 0.41% water.Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there are 1,752 people, 656 households, and 492 families residing in the town. The population density is 13.3/km² (34.5/mi²). There are 755 housing units at an average density of 5.7/km² (14.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 98.06% White, 0.40% African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.23% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. 1.14% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 656 households out of which 33.4% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.0% are married couples living together, 7.9% have a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% are non-families. 19.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.67 and the average family size is 3.08. In the town the population is spread out with 26.7% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 40 years. For every 100 females there are 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 100.9 males. The median income for a household in the town is $38,060, and the median income for a family is $41,927. Males have a median income of $28,073 versus $22,656 for females. The per capita income for the town is $16,206. 11.8% of the population and 8.4% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 17.3% are under the age of 18 and 9.1% are 65 or older.Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Root, New York."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In mathematics, the square root of a non-negative real number x is that non-negative real number which, when multiplied by itself, gives x. The square root of x is denoted by √x. For example, √16 = 4 since 4 × 4 = 16, and √2 = 1.41421... . Square roots are important when solving quadratic equations. Trying to extend the square root function to the negative numbers leads to imaginary numbers and eventually to the field of complex numbers.
The square root symbol was first used during the 16th Century. It has been suggested that it originated as an altered form of lowercase r, representing the Latin "radix" (meaning "root").
Properties
The following important properties of the square root functions are valid for all positive real numbers x and y:
The square root function generally maps rational numbers to algebraic numbers; √x is rational if and only if x is a rational number which, after cancelling, is a fraction of two perfect squares. In particular, √2 is irrational.
- for every real number x (see absolute value)
The square root function also maps the area of a square to its side length.
Suppose that x and a are reals, and that x2=a, and we want to find x. A common mistake is to "take the square root" and deduce that x = √a. This is incorrect, because the square root of x2 is not x, but the absolute value |x|, one of our above rules. Thus, all we can conclude is that |x| = √a, or equivalently x = ±√a.
In calculus, for instance when proving that the square root function is continuous or differentiable or when computing certain limitss, the following identity often comes handy:
It is valid for all non-negative numbers x and y which are not both zero.
The function f(x) = √x has the following graph:
The function is continuous for all non-negative x, and differentiable for all positive x (it is not differentiable for x=0 since the slope of the tangent there is &infin). Its derivative is given by
Its Taylor series about x = 1 can be found using the binomial theorem:
for |x| < 1.
Computing square roots
Calculators
Pocket calculatorss typically implement good routines to compute the exponential function and the natural logarithm, and then compute the square root of x using the identityThe same identity is exploited when computing square roots with logarithm tables or slide rules.
Babylonian method
A commonly used algorithm for approximating √x is known as the "Babylonian method" and is based on Newton's method. It proceeds as follows:This is a quadratically convergent algorithm, which means that the number of correct digits of r roughly doubles with each step.
- start with an arbitrary positive start value r (the closer to the root the better)
- replace r by the average of r and x/r
- go to 2
This algorithm works equally well in the p-adic numbers, but cannot be used to identify real square roots with p-adic square roots; it is easy, for example, to construct a sequence of rational numbers by this method which converges to +3 in the reals, but to -3 in the 2-adics.
An exact "long-division like" algorithm
This method, while much slower than the Babylonian method, has the advantage that it is exact: if the given number has a rational square root, then the algorithm terminates and produces the correct square root after finitely many steps. It can thus be used to check whether a given integer is a square number.Write the number in decimal and divide it into pairs of digits starting from the decimal point. The numbers are laid out similar to the long division algorithm and the final square root will appear above the original number.
For each iteration:
Example: What is the square root of 152.2756?
- Bring down the most significant pair of digits not yet used and append them to any remainder
- If r denotes the part of the result found so far, determine the greatest number y equal to some digit x times (20r + x) that does not exceed the current value. Place new digit x on the quotient line.
- Subtract y from the current value to form a new remainder.
- If the remainder is zero and there are no more digits to bring down the algorithm has terminated. Otherwise continue with step 1.
____1__2._3__4_ | 01 52.27 56 1 x 01 1*1=1 1 ____ __ 00 52 22 2x 00 44 22*2=44 2 _______ ___ 08 27 243 24x 07 29 243*3=729 3 _______ ____ 98 56 2464 246x 98 56 2464*4=9856 4 _______ 00 00 Algorithm terminates: answer is 12.34Although demonstrated here for base 10 numbers, the procedure works for any base, including base 2. In the description above, 20 means double the number base used, in the case of binary this would really be 100. The algorithm is in fact much easier to perform in base 2, as in every step only the two digits 0 and 1 have to be tested. See Shifting nth-root algorithm.
Pell's equation
Pell's equation yields a method for finding rational approximations of square roots of integers.
Continued fraction methods
Quadratic irrationals, that is numbers involving square roots in the form (a+√b)/c, have periodic continued fractions. This makes them easy to calculate recursively given the period. For example, to calculate √2, we make use of the fact that √2-1 = [0;2,2,2,2,2,...], and use the recurrence relationto obtain √2-1 to some specific precision specified through n levels of recurrence, and add 1 to the result to obtain √2.
- an+1=1/(2+an) with a0=0
Square roots of complex numbers
To every non-zero complex number z there exist precisely two numbers w such that w2 = z. The usual definition of √z is as follows: if z = r exp(iφ) is represented in polar coordinates with -π < φ ≤ π, then we set √z = √r exp(iφ/2). Thus defined, the square root function is holomorphic everywhere except on the non-positive real numbers (where it isn't even continuous). The above Taylor series for √(1+x) remains valid for complex numbers x with |x| < 1.
When the number is in rectangular form the following formula can be used:
where the sign of the imaginary part of the root is the same as the sign of the imaginary part of the original number.
Note that because of the discontinuous nature of the square root function in the complex plane, the law √(zw) = √(z)√(w) is in general not true. Wrongly assuming this law underlies several faulty "proofs", for instance the following one showing that -1 = 1:
The third equality cannot be justified. See the so-called proof that 1 equals -1.
However the law can only be wrong up to a factor -1, √(zw) = ±√(z)√(w), is true for either ± as + or as - (but not both at the same time). Note that √(c2) = ±c, therefore √(a2b2) = ±ab and therefore √(zw) = ±√(z)√(w), using a = √(z) and b = √(w).
Square roots of matrices and operators
If A is a positive definite matrix or operator, then there exists precisely one positive definite matrix or operator B with B2 = A; we then define √A = B.
More generally, to every normal matrix or operator A there exist normal operators B such that B2 = A. In general, there are several such operators B for every A and the square root function cannot be defined for normal operators in a satisfactory manner. Positive definite operators are akin to positive real numbers, and normal operators are akin to complex numbers.
Square roots of the first 20 integers
√ 1 = 1
√ 2 ≈1.4142135623 7309504880 1688724209 6980785696 7187537694 8073176679 7379907324 78462
√ 3 ≈1.7320508075 6887729352 7446341505 8723669428 0525381038 0628055806 9794519330 16909
√ 4 = 2
√ 5 ≈2.2360679774 9978969640 9173668731 2762354406 1835961152 5724270897 2454105209 25638
√ 6 ≈2.4494897427 8317809819 7284074705 8913919659 4748065667 0128432692 5672509603 77457
√ 7 ≈2.6457513110 6459059050 1615753639 2604257102 5918308245 0180368334 4592010688 23230
√ 8 ≈2.8284271247 4619009760 3377448419 3961571393 4375075389 6146353359 4759814649 56924
√ 9 = 3
√10 ≈3.1622776601 6837933199 8893544432 7185337195 5513932521 6826857504 8527925944 38639
√11 ≈3.3166247903 5539984911 4932736670 6866839270 8854558935 3597058682 1461164846 42609
√12 ≈3.4641016151 3775458705 4892683011 7447338856 1050762076 1256111613 9589038660 33818
√13 ≈3.6055512754 6398929311 9221267470 4959462512 9657384524 6212710453 0562271669 48293
√14 ≈3.7416573867 7394138558 3748732316 5493017560 1980777872 6946303745 4673200351 56307
√15 ≈3.8729833462 0741688517 9265399782 3996108329 2170529159 0826587573 7661134830 91937
√16 = 4
√17 ≈4.1231056256 1766054982 1409855974 0770251471 9922537362 0434398633 5730949543 46338
√18 ≈4.2426406871 1928514640 5066172629 0942357090 1562613084 4219530039 2139721974 35386
√19 ≈4.3588989435 4067355223 6981983859 6156591370 0392523244 4936890344 1381595573 28203
√20 ≈4.4721359549 9957939281 8347337462 5524708812 3671922305 1448541794 4908210418 51276Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Square root."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The tonic is the first note of a musical scale, and in the tonal method of music composition it is important and fudamental. The triad formed on the tonic note, the tonic chord, is thus the most important chord.In western European tonal music of the 18th and 19th centuries, the tonic center was hierarchically the most important of all the different tone centers which a composer could use in a piece of music, with most pieces beginning and ending on the tonic, usually travelling to the dominant in between.
There can be major scales and minor scales. The tonic remains the same in these two different "modes," for a given key, wheareas scale degrees such as the third degree and the sixth degree are altered in the minor scale.
Howevever, this can be seen another way. Each Minor scale uses exactly the same set of notes (key signature) as some Major scale and vice-versa. The only difference is which of these notes is the tonic. For example, C major and A minor have no sharps or flats. Consequently, the tonic plays an important part in determining why music composed in a minor scale sounds different from music composed in a major scale.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Tonic (music)."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
root | English | Relaxation oscillator optically tuned | Engineering & Technology |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: RootSynonyms: radical (adj), ancestor (n), antecedent (n), ascendant (n), ascendent (n), base (n), beginning (n), etymon (n), origin (n), root word (n), rootage (n), solution (n), source (n), stem (n), theme (n), tooth root (n), pull (v), rootle (v), rout (v), settle (v), settle down (v), side (v), steady down (v), take root (v). (additional references) |
| Antonym: descendant (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Base | Bottom, nadir, foot, sole, toe, hoof, keel, root; centerboard. |
Cause | Rudiment. egg, germ, embryo, bud, root, radix radical, etymon, nucleus, seed, stem, stock, stirps, trunk, tap-root, gemmule, radicle, semen, sperm. |
Location | Verb: place, situate, locate, localize, make a place for, put, lay, set, seat, station, lodge, quarter, post, install; house, stow; establish, fix, pin, root; graft; plant; (insert); shelve, pitch, camp, lay down, deposit, reposit; cradle; moor, tether, picket; pack, tuck in; embed, imbed; vest, invest in. |
Number | Power, root, exponent, index, logarithm, antilogarithm; modulus, base. |
Word | Noun: word, term, vocable; name; phrase; root, etymon; derivative; part of speech; (grammar); ideophone. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Say any word, and I'll tell you how the root of that word is Greek (My Big Fat Greek Wedding; writing credit: Nia Vardalos) The sum of the square roots of any two sides of an isosceles triangle is equal to the square root of the remaining side (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) Root beer (Always; writing credit: Chandler Sprague; David Boehm) I think I need a root canal (Little Shop of Horrors; writing credit: Charles B. Griffith; Howard Ashman) Evil is the root of all money money trees (Gay Purr-ee; writing credit: Chuck Jones; Dorothy Jones) | |
Lyrics | Money is the root of all that kills (I will buy you a new life; performing artist: Everclear) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Square Root of Zero (1963) Root in the Soil (1949) The Root of Evil (1919) Root Into Europe (1992) | |
Song Titles | Virtual Reality (performing artist: Rusted Root) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Note the herpetic lesions on the palmar surface of the left ring finger. Living in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord, under stressful conditions, the herpes viruses migrate along the pathways of peripheral nerve distribution. Credit: CDC. |  | The Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) is the country's critical epidemiology training service, combating the causes of major epidemics. Over the past 50 years, EIS officers have played pivotal roles in combating the root causes of major epidemics. Credit: CDC. |
 | Mangrove root with soft coral (reddish) attached and seagrass below. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Birch Island beach showing gradation of sediment from coarse pebbles to sand as one moves up from the shoreline. Seaweed is evident along "rack" line showing furthest extent of normal high tide. Wildflower seeds float in on algae and take root helping preserve sediment. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Mangroves showing root system below the water surface. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | A crane places root wads in the channel that was constructed as a part of the restoration. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | A root wad is placed in the middle of the pools to slow flow and provide habitat for migrating fish. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Rattlesnake root growing in the sand dunes. Prenanthes trifoliolata. At John's Pond Bog. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
 | Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. The root system of the red mangrove is used as nursing areas by many marine animals. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |  | Coral rock and mangrove shoreline showing mangrove root structure. Credit: Small World. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Root" by Nara Vieira Da Silva Commentary: "A really diferent kind of plant." | "Storm cellar" by Loretta Humble Commentary: "I think it is a storm cellar. Maybe a root cellar. ." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
 | Drill; teeth; tooth; dentist; novocaine; cavity; root canal; plaque; bacteria. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Antoine Rivarol | Familiarity is the root of the closest friendships, as well as the interests hatreds. |
George Washington | Liberty, when it begins to take root, is a plant of rapid growth. |
Henry Fielding | Money is the fruit of evil, as often as the root of it. |
Mira Bai | I went to the root of things, and found nothing but Him alone. |
Plutarch | The very spring and root of honesty and virtue lie in good education. |
Robert Burns | Prudent, cautious self-control, is wisdom's root. |
Soren Kierkegaard | Boredom is the root of all evil--the despairing refusal to be oneself. |
| Far from idleness being the root of all evil, it is rather the only true good. | |
William C. Bryant | Remorse is virtue's root; its fair increase are fruits of innocence and blessedness. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Those who say otherwise, speak as if the prince had a distinct and separate interest from the good of the community, and was not made for it; the root and source from which spring almost all those evils and disorders which happen in kingly governments. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | For the rest, so little do they conceal the reactionary character of their criticism that their chief accusation against the bourgeoisie amounts to this, that under the bourgeois regime a class is being developed, which is destined to cut up root and branch the old order of society. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Tangled Tale | Carroll, Lewis | He says that the square root of 3630, multiplied by 2, equals the length plus the breadth |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | He gathered here and there an herb, or grubbed up a root, and put it into the basket on his arm. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Taking it from its root in the hold to its summit in the clouds, it is sixty fathoms long, and is three feet in diameter at its base |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | So our human life but dies down to its root, and still puts forth its green blade to eternity |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The periodontist puts it in the pockets after scaling and root planing. (references) | |
Evidence regarding primary prevention of root caries is also very limited. (references) | ||
If the root cause goes untreated, this group of patients is at risk of kidney damage. (references) | ||
Business | German government officials continue their efforts to actively root out domestic corruption. (references) | |
Of dentate residents, caries in the crown and the root, and significant plaque and tartar accumulation, are major problems. (references) | ||
The lacklustre inflows of hard capital have been seen as the root cause of unemployment in South Africa, which is thought to be as high as 40 percent. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Philippines | Leaders in both Christian and Muslim communities contend that economic disparities and ethnic tensions, more than religious differences, are at the root of the modern separatist movement that emerged in the early 1970's. Intermittent government efforts to integrate Muslims into political and economic society have achieved only limited success to date. (references) |
Economic History | Vanuatu | Kava root extract exports also have become important recently. (references) |
Estonia | One-third of the standard vocabulary is derived from adding suffixes to root words. (references) | |
Human Rights | Trinidad and Tobago | Despite public speculation about possible political motives, indications are that corruption was at the root of the incident. (references) |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | There was a preliminary inquiry, and the case has been set for the sitting of the High Court in February 2002. In February High Court Judge Ian Mitchell completed a report on prison conditions, in which he asserted that the root causes of the country's prison problems were overcrowding and poor recreational facilities. (references) | |
Political Economy | Pakistan | Democracy has not yet taken root in Pakistan. (references) |
Women | Indonesia | According to reports, FGM practices appear to be increasingly symbolic in nature (for example, a pinprick or the cutting of a ceremonial root). (references) |
Worker Rights | Zambia | In 2000 the Government established an interministerial working group, the National Steering Committee of the National Country Program on Child Labor, to coordinate efforts at addressing the root causes of child labor. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | OVATION, n. n ancient Rome, a definite, formal pageant in honor of one who had been disserviceable to the enemies of the nation. A lesser "triumph." In modern English the word is improperly used to signify any loose and spontaneous expression of popular homage to the hero of the hour and place. "I had an ovation!" the actor man said, But I thought it uncommonly queer, That people and critics by him had been led By the ear. The Latin lexicon makes his absurd Assertion as plain as a peg; In "ovum" we find the true root of the word. It means egg. Dudley Spink |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Rush Limbaugh | In the real world, at least eight Americans were killed when two helicopters took enemy fire in the largest offensive of the five-month war to root terrorists out of Afghanistan. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
George Washington | 1789-1797 | This spirit, unfortunately, is inseparable from our nature, having its root in the strongest passions of the human mind. |
William H. Taft | 1909-1913 | Root before and after his noteworthy visit to that continent, and I sincerely hope that Congress may be induced to see the wisdom of a tentative effort to establish such lines by the use of mail subsidies. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | We have neglected oceanography, saline water conversion, and the basic research that lies at the root of all progress. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Regimes planted by bayonets do not take root. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | To take firm root, Bosnia's fragile peace still needs the support of American and allied troops when the current NATO mission ends in June. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Root" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 93.70% of the time. "Root" is used about 2,141 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 93.7% | 2,006 | 4,296 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 5.79% | 124 | 28,785 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.42% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.09% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,141 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "root" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Root | Last name | 7,000 | 1,834 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "root". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Apharsathchites | N/A | Biblical | Apharsites (from a root meaning) dividing or rending |
| Zeror | N/A | Biblical | Root |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "root": adventitious root ♦ aerating root ♦ ague root ♦ Alum root ♦ Angelica root ♦ Armillaria root disease ♦ Armillaria root rot ♦ Biquadratic root of a number ♦ black root rot fungus ♦ BLOOD ROOT ♦ blueberry root ♦ bowman's root ♦ branch root ♦ briar root block ♦ Brier root ♦ brown root rot fungus ♦ Cahinca root ♦ cainca root ♦ cancer root ♦ celery root ♦ cervical root syndrome ♦ characteristic root ♦ Chay root ♦ chicory root ♦ China root ♦ chocolate root ♦ choy root ♦ Club root ♦ colic root ♦ Coral root ♦ crack root ♦ crested coral root ♦ crinkle root ♦ cube root ♦ Culvers root ♦ Culver's root ♦ derris root ♦ Dragon root ♦ early coral root ♦ Fever root ♦ fir tree root ♦ Flag root ♦ ginseng root ♦ go root ♦ GRAVEL ROOT ♦ hairy root ♦ Hollow root ♦ horseradish root ♦ latent root ♦ lateral root ♦ licorice root ♦ lie at the root of ♦ Lotus root ♦ mandrake root ♦ money is the root of all evil ♦ multiple primary root ♦ musk root ♦ musquash root ♦ nth root ♦ ordeal root ♦ orris root ♦ pale coral root ♦ papoose root ♦ pappoose root ♦ peg root ♦ pepper root ♦ Phytophthora root rot ♦ Phytophthora root rots of conifer seedlings ♦ Plant Root Cap ♦ pleurisy root ♦ pluck up by the root ♦ Premorse root ♦ primary root ♦ prop root ♦ Pythium root rot ♦ rape root ♦ rattlesnake root ♦ red as a beet root ♦ red root ♦ residual root ♦ respiratory root ♦ rheumatism root ♦ root about ♦ root and branch ♦ root around ♦ root away ♦ root barnacle ♦ root bear ♦ root beer ♦ root beer float ♦ root bound ♦ root bridge ♦ root canal ♦ Root Canal Filling Materials ♦ Root Canal Irrigants ♦ Root Canal Preparation ♦ Root Canal Therapy ♦ root cap ♦ Root Caries ♦ root cause ♦ root celery. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "root": root-and-branch, Root-and-branch men, root-assignment, root-ball, root-balled, root-beer, Root-bernstein, root-bound, root-canal, root-cap, root-division, root-eating, root-fibres, root-forms, root-hairs, root-hall, root-hold, root-index, root-indices, root-inducing, root-knot, root-lesion, root-less, root-like, root-means, root-mean-square, root-pattern, root-pruned, root-pulper, root-room, root-rot, root-sort, root-spread, root-stalk, root-stock, root-system, root-tubers, root-word, root-worm, root-wrapped. | |
Ending with "root": bare-root, beet-root, big-root, briar-root, deep-root, ginger-root, grass-root, mallee-root, naked-root, nerve-root, open-root, orange-root, orris-root, re-root, rose-root, snake-root, square-root, tap-root, tommy-root, tree-root, wing-root, yellow-root. | |
Containing "root": coral-root bittercress. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
root | 3,923 | veeder root | 127 |
root canal | 1,223 | root web.com | 125 |
nappy root | 740 | lyrics root rusted | 116 |
brown and root | 699 | brown kellog root | 112 |
the root lyrics | 507 | licorice root | 112 |
rusted root | 395 | tree root | 108 |
root beer | 366 | lyrics nappy root | 108 |
square root | 268 | dandelion root | 96 |
root web | 240 | root seed | 81 |
valerian root | 229 | root blower | 78 |
kellogg brown root | 224 | root words | 78 |
ezsetup lp root | 202 | band root | 74 |
beer root tapper | 193 | root beer recipe | 73 |
grass root | 189 | root beer float | 71 |
ginger root | 186 | golden seal root | 68 |
a and w root beer | 171 | burdock root | 65 |
maca root | 155 | organic root stimulator | 64 |
family root | 153 | biography british channel directory england english family genealogy genealogy genealogy genealogy heraldry history history history irish island isle magazine man manx military origin root scotland scottish surname wales weslh | 64 |
lyrics root seed | 152 | the root | 62 |
root canada | 137 | root candle | 61 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "root"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | wortel (carrot). (various references) | |
Albanian | rrënjos (engraft, enroot, establish, implant, inculcate, instil, instill, plant, root in, strike), rrënjësor (fundamental, radical), rrënjë (base, foothold, radical, radix, stem), zanafillë (beginning, genesis, inception, origin), shkak (account, cause, come off, motivation, motive, occasion, parent, reason, score, spring), gozhdoj (attract, chain, nail, nail down, pin, rivet, Spike), burim (cradle, efflux, font, fount, fountain, fountain-head, mother, origin, parent, principle, provenance, provenience, radix, rill, source, spring, Springhead, wellhead, wellspring). (various references) | |
Arabic | جوهر (core, effect, essence, essential nature, gist, immanence, matter, pith, principle, quiddity, quintessence, soul, substance, taproot), شىء أساسي (basic, requisite), رسخ (embed, entrench, establish, firm, fix, implant, instill, plant, print, stabilize), أصل (ancestry, beginning, birth, derivation, descent, extraction, genealogy, genesis, germ, ingrain, origin, parent, parentage, paternity, pedigree, principle, provenance, provenience, race, rise, seed, source, stock, strain, taproot), إجتث (eradicate, uproot, winkle out), إستأصل (deracinate, enucleate, eradicate, excise, extirpate, grub, stub), إقتلع (displace, extirpate, extract, lift, plow, pluck, pull, take off, tear, tear out, weed out), شجع (animate, cheer, comfort, countenance, cultivate, embolden, encourage, feed, fortify, foster, hearten, inspirit, instigation, invite, nerve, promote, spur, support), جذور, اصل (origin, reason), عرق أصل, تأصل (take root), قلع (gouge, lever, lifting, pull, rip, take off), نقب (burrow, burrowing, comb, delve, drilling, excavation, fish, mine, piercing, pry, quest, rake, ransack, rout out, rummage, scour, scrabble about, scrutinize, sleuth), هتف (acclaim, applaud, blare, cheer, ejaculate, exclaim, whoop, yell), مصدر (beginning, fount, fountain, infinitive, mother, origin, principle, provenance, provenience, source, springhead), ينبوع (font, fount, fountain, well), جذر (origin, partition). (various references) | |
Basque | sustrai. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | ровя със зурла (rootle), кореня се, кореноплодно растение, корен (radical, radix, stub, stump), вкоренявам (impregnate, strike), внедрявам (implant, impregnate, inculcate, instil, introduce, plant), основен тон (fundamental, key note, prime, tonic), приковавам (chain, enchain, immobilize, stud), потомък (child, descendant, heir, issue, offspring, scion, sprout). (various references) | |
Chinese | 根 (basis, radical). (various references) | |
Czech | zakořenit se, základ (basis, foundation, ground-in, pedestal, principle, radical, radix, rudiment), vykořenit (eradicate, extirpate, root up, unroot, uproot), pùvod (ancestry, antecedent, derivation, descent, extraction, nascency, origin, origination, origins, parent, parentage, provenance, source, stock), kořen (radical, stump), fandit (take sides). (various references) | |
Danish | rod (chaos, confusion, disorder, tangle). (various references) | |
Dutch | wortel schieten (strike), wortel (carrot), aanslaan (alarm, bark, dim, get blurred, give tongue, raise the alarm, rebound, salute, sound the alarm, strike, tax). (various references) | |
Esperanto | radiko, enradikiĝi (strike). (various references) | |
Faeroese | rót (turnip), festa rót (strike). (various references) | |
Farsi | پایه (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Buttress, Cantilever, Column, Degree, Ground, Groundwork, Leg, Mark, Measure, Mount, Outrigger, Phase, Pillar, Prop, Sill, Stage, Stalk, Stanchion, Status, Stock, Stratum), غریدن (Boom, Peal, Roar, Rumble, Snort), سرچشمه (Derivation, Fountain, Mother, Original, Principle, Source, Spring, Springhead), زمینه (Background, Base, Basis, Conspectus, Context, Design, Ground, Groundwork, Outline, Sketch, Tendency, Terrain, Theme), اساس (Base, Basis, Bedrock, Cornerstone, Element, Fabric, Ground, Groundwork, Nucleus), ازعددی ریشه گرفتن , اصل (Element, Genuine, Germ, Inception, Maxim, Mother, Motif, Paternity, Point, Principle, Provenance, Quintessence, Real, Stem, Strain), ریشه کن کردن (Uproot), ریشه دارکردن , دادزدن (Bawl, Cry, Roar, Shout), بنیان (Basis, Valence, Warpandwoof), بنیاد (Base, Basis, Institute, Substratum), بن (Anus). (various references) | |
Finnish | juuri (foot, freshly, fully, just, just now, newly, quite). (various references) | |
French | racine (root of the weld, word root), origine, enraciner. (various references) | |
Frisian | woartel (carrot). (various references) | |
German | Wurzel (radical, radix), Stamm (clan, ethnic group, permanent staff, permanent workforce, phylum, race, regular customers, regular team-members, regulars, stem, strain, tribe, troop, trunk). (various references) | |
Greek | ρίζα (radical, tuber). (various references) | |
Guarani | rapo. (various references) | |
Hebrew | מקור (fount, fountain, germ, nib, origin, parent, resource, resources, seed, source, well, wellspring), לחטט (grub, nose, rake, ransack, rummage, scrabble), להשריש (ingrain), להכות שורש, שורש (basis, origin, source), עקר (barren, basis, crux, doctrine, dogma, essence, foundation, futile, gist, impotent, infertile, main, nub, origin, pith, principle, quintessence, sterile, substance, tenet). (various references) | |
Hungarian | gyökér (roots), gyök (heel, radical, residua, residuum). (various references) | |
Icelandic | rót. (various references) | |
Indonesian | akar (source). (various references) | |
Irish | préamh. (various references) | |
Italian | radice (origin, radish, radix, root word, stem). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | リン酸 (loose, loose-leaf, louver, phosphoric acid, red, redhead, revival, roof, roof garden, roof rack, rookie, roots, rouble, rouge, route, route sales, router, routine, routing, to have roots in), 本源 (cause, origin, principle), 根底 (basis, foundation), 根柢 (foundation), 根本 (base, foundation, origin, principle, source), 根源 (origin, source), 根方 (lower part), 根元 (base, foundation, origin, principle, source), 根っこ (stub, stump), 根っ子 (stub, stump), 根子 (stump), 根 , 付け根 (base, crotch, joint). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ルート (route), ねっこ (stub, stump), ねかた (lower part), ねもと (base, foundation, origin, principle, source), つけね (base, crotch, joint, the bid, the offer), ほんげん (cause, origin, principle), こんぽん (base, foundation, origin, principle, source), こんげん (base, foundation, origin, principle, source), こんてい (basis, foundation), ね (cost, first sign of Chinese zodiac, merit, note, price, sleep, sound, value, worth). (various references) | |
Korean | 뿌리 (roots). (various references) | |
Malay | akar. (various references) | |
Manx | reuyrey (delve, dig, dig up, spade), frauaghey, bun-noatey, bunneydys (accidence, basis, foundation, groundwork, origin), bun (base, basis, bottom, derivation, details, dope, end, explanation, eye of storm, foot, foundation, heart, interpretation, news, origin, original, prime, principle, raw material, root cause, sole, source, stem, stool, stump, underneath). (various references) | |
Maori | pakiaka. (various references) | |
Norwegian | rot. (various references) | |
Occitan | rasiga, raiç. (various references) | |
Papiamen | rais. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ootray.(various references) | |
Polish | rdzeń, zakorzenić się (strike), przyjąć się (strike). (various references) | |
Portuguese | raiz (radix, stub), origem (authorship, birth, extraction, fount, fountain, genesis, germ, hand, headquarters, home, incipience, lineage, mint, mother, origin, original, origination, parentage, paternity, principle, radix, source, start, wellspring). (various references) | |
Romanian | rima (rhyme), radical (entirely, jacobin, left, radical, radically), rãdãcinã (base, race, radical, radix), prinde rãdãcini (strike roots, take roots), întemeietori, aprofunda (deepen, fathom, go into long comments, study, think out), aprofundare a unei chestiuni, bazã (alkali, base, bases, basis, bottom, footing, foundation, foundation stone, ground, groundwork, measured mile, sole, support), cauzã (account, bottom, call, cause, consideration, ground, induction, motive, reason, score, subject, wherefore, whys), da peste (come across, come on, come upon, drop across, fall across, grub, hit, knock against, meet, meet with, overbrim, run against smb., strike, stumble across, stumble on), dezrãdãcini, înrãdãcina, origine (ancestry, beginning, birth, blood, cause, commencement, derivation, descent, emanation, etymology, extraction, fountain-head, genesis, growth, origin, origination, parent, parentage, provenance, rise, root stock, source, spring, strain), sursã (beginning, capital, derivation, efflux, fountain, hand, mother, parent, quarry, rise, source, spring, well, wellhead), smulge din rãdãcini (pluck up by the root), stârpi (abolish, destroy, eradicate, uproot, weed out), strãbuni (ancestors, ancestry, parentage, people), strãmoşi (ancestors, ancestry, elder, great-grandfathers, parentage, people), dibui (ferret, find, nose, seize). (various references) | |
Romany | chookoondòori (beet root). (various references) | |
Russian | корнеплод (root crop), корень корневой, корень (radical, radix), коренной (autochthonal, fundamental, molar, radical), корениться, внедрять (embed, engrain, enroot, imbed, implant, impregnate, inculcate, intrude, plant), вершина (acme, apex, apices, culm, mountaintop, nab, peak, pinnacle, summit, tip, top, vertex), прародитель (father, primogenitor), причина (cause, ground, reason, reason for, score, subject, wherefores). (various references) | |
Scottish | meacan (a root, bulb), freumh (lineage, stock), bun (bottom-end, stock). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | korenski (radical), koreni, koren (race, radical, radix), iskoreniti (deracinate, destroy, do away with, eradicate, exterminate, extirpate, root out, root up, unroot, uproot). (various references) | |
Spanish | raíz (base, etymon, origin). (various references) | |
Sranan | rutu. (various references) | |
Swahili | mzizi. (various references) | |
Swazi | ím-phândze. (various references) | |
Swedish | rot (base, loaf, radical). (various references) | |
Tagalog | ugát. (various references) | |
Thai | ส่งเสียงเชียร์, รากในคณิตศาสตร์, รากเหง้า, รากฟัน, รากฐาน (fundamental), รากศัพท์, ราก, หยั่งราก, คุ้ยดินด้วยจมูก, มีกำเนิดจาก. (various references) | |
Turkish | kök (base, etymon, Fang, grass roots, ground form, origin, radical, radical word, radix, rhizo-, stem), akortta temel nota, altında yatan neden, araştırmak (analyse, analyze, cast about, cast around, check up, dig, dig up, drag up, dredge for, dredge up, explore, ferret, ferret about, fish, fish around, forage, fossick, go into, hunt after, hunt out, hunt up, inquire, inquire into, investigate, make a study of, poke, probe, quarry, quest, rake, research, research into, rout, rummage, search, seek, seek after, seek for, shop, shop for, sound, study, sum up, survey), burnu ile eşelemek, deşmek (dig, dig out, dig up, dredge up, exhume, incise, open up, probe), çakmak (be aware of, be ploughed, be plowed, beetle, cotton on to, drive, drive in, flash, flunk, gaslighter, ground, hammer, land, lighter, pitch, ram, rumble, spin, stick, strike, tack, tack down, twig, understand), esas neden, yerleşmek (bed, ensconce oneself, indwell, install oneself, locate, nestle, perch oneself, set, settle, settle down, settle in, shake down, stable, take up one's residence), kök salmak (plant, strike, take root), köken (authorship, basis, bedrock, beginning, birth, derivation, descent, etymon, extraction, genesis, lineage, origin, origination, paternity, pedigree, principle, provenance, radical, seeds, spore, spring, wellhead, wellspring, womb), kökleşmek (take root), kökleştirmek (ingrain), kaynak (authorship, basis, beginning, birth, bottom, chapter and verse, context, font, fount, fountain, fountain-head, fund, genesis, grass roots, headspring, inquiries, origin, parent, paternity, principle, provenance, quarter, reserve, resource, rise, root stock, roots, seeds, source, source material, source of supply, spore, spring, weld, welding, well, wellhead, wellspring, womb), temel (abecederian, back drop, backbone, basal, base, basic, basis, bed, bottom, bread and butter, constitutive, corner stone, elemental, elementary, footing, fortification, foundation, fundament, fundamental, grass roots, ground, ground form, groundwork, guiding, hard pan, keystone, parent, pedestal, primary, principal, rudimental, rudimentary, socle, staple, substratum, substructure, underlying, working), eşelemek (disinter, dredge up, forage, grub, grub up, rout, scratch about). (various references) | |
Turkmen | kцk (basting), dьяp (base, bottom). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | укорінюватися (take root), родоначальник (father, patriarch), корінь (radical, radix, stock), коренеплід (pip), впроваджувати (engrain), основа (backbone, base, basement, bases, basis, bottom, carcass, chain, foot, groundwork, pedestal, pediment, principle, source, substratum, substructure, underlay). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | phá huỷ đi, nguồn gốc (derivation, origin, origination, principle, provenance, provenience), mặt đỏ tía tai hoàn toàn, gốc rễ, gốc căn nguyên, căn bản (primal, primordiality, radically, substance). (various references) | |
Welsh | gwreiddyn (origin), gwreiddio. (various references) | |
Yucatec | mots. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | ur. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | radice, radicem, radices, radicibus, radicis, radicum, radix. (various references) |
| Middle English | 1100-1500 | wroten. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Romans Chapter 15, Verse 12 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai palin hsaiaV legei estai h riza tou iessai kai o anistamenoV arcein eqnwn ep autw eqnh elpiousin |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et rursus Esaias ait erit radix Iesse et qui exsurget regere gentes in eo gentes sperabunt |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | And ongean segð Isaia,"Iessi rot sceal aspringan,sum þe sceal arisan þæt he folca gehwa wealde;hæðenas sculon tohopian on him." |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And eft Isaie seith, Ther schal be a roote of Jesse, that schal rise vp to gouerne hethene men, and hethene men schulen hope in hym. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And in another place Esaias sayth: ther shalbe the rote of Iesse and he that shall ryse ro raygne over the gentyls: in him shall the gentyls trust. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And again, Esaias saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over the Gentiles; in him shall the Gentiles trust. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And again Isaiah saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over the Gentiles; in him shall the Gentiles trust. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And again Isaiah says, There will be the root of Jesse, and he who comes to be the ruler over the Gentiles; in him will the Gentiles put their hope. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Romans Chapter 15, Verse 12 |
| Cebuano | ug dugang pa, si Isaias nagaingon: Motungha ang gamut ni Jese, siya nga maoy mobarug aron sa paghari sa mga Gentil; kaniya managpanglaum ang mga Gentil." |
| Croatian | Izaija opet veli: Pojavit æe se Jišajev izdanak, dignut da vlada narodima, u njemu je nada narodima. |
| Danish | Og atter siger Esajas: "Komme skal Isajs Rodskud og han, der rejser sig for at herske over Hedninger; på ham skulle Hedninger håbe." |
| Dutch | En wederom zegt Jesaja: Er zal zijn de wortel van Jessai, en Die opstaat, om over de heidenen te gebieden; op Hem zullen de heidenen hopen. |
| Finnish | Ja myös Esaias sanoo: "On tuleva Iisain juurivesa, hän, joka nousee hallitsemaan pakanoita; häneen pakanat panevat toivonsa". |
| French | Ésaïe dit aussi: Il sortira d`Isaï un rejeton, Qui se lèvera pour régner sur les nations; Les nations espéreront en lui. |
| German | Und abermals spricht Jesaja: "Es wird sein die Wurzel Jesse's, und der auferstehen wird, zu herrschen über die Heiden; auf den werden die Heiden hoffen." |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Dan ini pula yang dikatakan oleh Yesaya, "Dari keturunan Isai akan muncul seseorang yang akan memerintah bangsa-bangsa; kepada Dialah bangsa-bangsa itu akan berharap." |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Dan sabda Yesaya pula: Bahwa akar Isai itu akan terbit kelak, dan Ialah yang bangkit akan memerintahkan segala orang kafir; maka kepada-Nyalah orang kafir itu berharap. |
| Italian | E a sua volta Isaia dice: colui che sorgerà a giudicare le nazioni: in lui le nazioni spereranno. |
| Maori | E mea ana hoki a Ihaia, Tera e whai pakiaka a Hehe, me tetahi e whakatika ake ana hei rangatira mo nga Tauiwi; ko ia hei tumanakohanga ma nga Tauiwi. |
| Norwegian | Og atter sier Esaias: Det skal komme det Isais rotskudd, han som reiser sig for å herske over hedninger; på ham skal hedningene håpe. |
| Portuguese | E outra vez, diz também Isaías: Haverá a raiz de Jessé, aquele que se levanta para reger os gentios; nele os gentios esperarão. |
| Rumanian | Tot astfel wi Isaia zice: ,,Din Iese va iewi o Rqdqcinq, care se va scula sq domneascq peste Neamuri; wi Neamurile vor nqdqjdui kn El.`` |
| Shuar | Isayassha aarmiayi: "Tawitia Aparí Isai weatriya akupin akiinkiattawai. Niisha Ashí nunkan akupeakui Ashí shuar niiniak shiir Enentáimtusartatui." Tu aarmaiti. |
| Spanish | Y otra vez dice Isaías: Vendrá la raíz de Isaí, y el que se levantará para gobernar a las naciones; y las naciones esperarán en él. |
| Swahili | Tena Isaya asema: "Atatokea mtu katika ukoo wa Yese, naye atawatawala watu wa mataifa; nao watamtumainia." |
| Swedish | Så säger ock Esaias: "Telningen från Jessais rot skall komma, ja, han som skall stå upp för att råda över hedningarna; på honom skola hedningarna hoppas." |
| Uma | Ohe'i wo'o-pidi lolita nabi Yesaya owi. Na'uli': Ngkai muli Isai mpai' mehupa' hadua to mpoparentai-ra to bela-ra to Yahudi. Hi Hi'a toe-mi poncarumakaa-ra." |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "root": rootage, rootages, rooted, rootedness, rootednesses, rooter, rooters, roothold, rootholds, rootier, rootiest, rooting, rootless, rootlessness, rootlessnesses, rootlet, rootlets, rootlike, roots, rootstock, rootstocks, rooty. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "root": alumroot, arrowroot, beetroot, birthroot, bitterroot, bloodroot, cheroot, clubroot, colicroot, disroot, enroot, gingerroot, grassroot, orrisroot, outroot, pinkroot, pokeroot, puttyroot, redroot, roseroot, sheroot, snakeroot, squawroot, taproot, unroot, uproot, wormroot. (additional references) | |
Words containing "root": alumroots, arrowroots, beetroots, birthroots, bitterroots, bloodroots, cheroots, clubroots, colicroots, disrooted, disrooting, disroots, enrooted, enrooting, enroots, gingerroots, grassroots, orrisroots, outrooted, outrooting, outroots, pinkroots, pokeroots, puttyroots, redroots, roseroots, scrootch, scrootched, scrootches, scrootching, sheroots, snakeroots, squawroots, taproots, unrooted, unrooting, unroots, uprootal, uprootals, uprooted, uprootedness, uprootednesses, uprooter, uprooters, uprooting, uproots, wormroots. (additional references) | |
| |
"Root" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: aroot, croot, drooth, froot, groot, Kroto, oret, orft, orhoit, orit, ornot, oro, oroch, orot, Orto, raot, reot, rhot, ro, Roat, roath, Robt, roct, Rodota, roet, roft, roht, roit, roity, Rojo, Rojot, rolot, rolt, romt, roo, roob, rooc, roochy, rooj, rool, rooq, roor, roota, roote, Rooth, rooty, roow, Rooy, roqor, rort, rotc, roth, roto, rotol, roton, rott, rouat, routh, routw, routy, rowo, rowt, ruota, rusot, ruto, rutt, sroot. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "root" (pronounced ruw"t) |
| 3 | r uw" t | Brut, brute, fruit, recruit, reroute, uproot. |
| 2 | -uw" t | acute, astute, boot, Bute, Butte, cahoot, chute, commute, compute, coot, cute, impute, dilute, dispute, disrepute, flute, hoot, jute, loot, lute, moot, mute, newt, permute, pollute, pursuit, refute, repute, salute, scoot, shoot, Shute, subacute, suit, toot. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: roto, toro. | |
| Words within the letters "o-o-r-t" | |
-1 letter: oot, ort, rot, too, tor. | |
-2 letters: or, to. | |
| Words containing the letters "o-o-r-t" | |
+1 letter: motor, ortho, robot, roost, roots, rooty, rotor, rotos, thoro, toros, torot, torso, troop, trooz. | |
+2 letters: agorot, cohort, cooter, croton, doctor, enroot, foetor, footer, forgot, grotto, hooter, hotrod, looter, mooter, motors, octroi, orator, outrow, pronto, proton, ratoon, reboot, retook, retool, robots, roosts, rooted, rooter, rotors, strook, thoron, tooler, tooter, torero, toroid, torose, toroth, torous, torpor, torsos, trogon, troops, unroot, uproot. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Names: Frequency 18. Names: Derived from 19. Expressions 20. Expressions: Internet | 21. Translations: Modern 22. Translations: Ancient 23. Bible Trace 24. Abbreviations | 25. Acronyms 26. Derivations 27. Rhymes 28. Anagrams | 29. Bibliography |
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