Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Proxy |
ProxyAdjective1. Acting as substitute for another. Noun1. A person authorized to act for another. 2. A power of attorney document given by shareholders of a corporation authorizing a specific vote on their behalf at a corporate meeting. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "proxy" was first used: 14th century. (references) |
Note: Proxy \Prox"y\, noun; plural Proxies. [Contr. from procuracy. Compare to Proctor.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definition |
Census | An interview in which the respondent is not a member of the household being enumerated. The respondent might be a neighbor or some other knowledgeable person. (references) |
Finance | Proxy or authorization to vote. Source: European Union. (references) |
| (l) the authority or power to act for another. (2) a document giving such authority. (3) the person authorized to act for another. (references) | |
Health | A person authorized to decide or act for another person, for example, a person having durable power of attorney. (references) |
Law | A person acting in place of another. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Proxy."
Synonyms: ProxySynonyms: deputy(a) (adj), proxy(a) (adj), placeholder (n), procurator (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Deputy | Noun: deputy, substitute, vice, proxy, locum tenens, badli, delegate, representative, next friend, surrogate, secondary. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Proxy |
| English words defined with "proxy": internecine ♦ Procuracy, Procuration, Proxies, Proxyship ♦ voting right, voting stock. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "proxy": Address Resolution Protocol ♦ bastion host ♦ dendroclimatology ♦ firewall machine ♦ Posted county price, proxy ARP, proxy gateway, proxy server. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "proxy": Prox. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Lyrics | She's loving by proxy, no give and all take ((I Just) Died In Your Arms; performing artist: Cutting Crew) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Murder by Proxy (1954) Foxy by Proxy (1952) Respectable by Proxy (1920) Proxy Husband (1919) Widow by Proxy (1919) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | ![]() | [Army Nurses bury by proxy Hitler and Tojo]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The void in the heart does not accommodate itself to a proxy. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Another form of advance directive is called a durable power of attorney for health care decisions or a health care proxy. (references) | |
In these instances, proxy indices-including other biological markers or modeled estimates of seroincidence based on behavioral outcomes-can be used to estimate the effects of prevention programs on seroincidence. (references) | ||
Business | According to IDC, anti-virus solutions accounted for 54.5% of the security market in 1999. This figure will decrease to 46.8% in 2002. Additionally, demand for firewalls and proxy servers should decrease 33.1% to 27.1%, and from 3.3% to 2.7%, respectively during the same period. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Kazakhstan | Clients of the two largest Internet providers, Kaztelecom and Nursat, periodically were blocked from direct access to the opposition Evrasia Web site, although access was still available through proxy servers. (references) |
Bahrain | A government-controlled proxy prohibits user access to sites considered to be antigovernment or anti-Islamic. (references) | |
United Arab Emirates | In most cases, the proxy server does not appear to block news services, political expression unrelated to radical Islam, or material originating from specific countries. (references) | |
Political Rights | Niger | The societal practice of husbands' voting their wives' proxy ballots effectively disenfranchises many women. (references) |
Tajikistan | There were reports of the inflation of voter turnout and proxy voting in all three districts. (references) | |
Tajikistan | Irregularities in a number of constituencies including proxy voting, unsealed ballot boxes, stuffed ballot boxes, votes added in favor of a particular party, lack of consistency between the sum of votes counted and the number of ballots issued, discrepancies between votes considered invalid during the count and the final result sheet, and blank copies of protocols signed before the counting of ballots and filled in with pencil during the count. (references) | |
Trade | Switzerland | The reasons for the rejection were many and varied, but the opposition was successful in casting the vote as a proxy decision on future EU membership and instinctive fears of abandoning neutrality, ceding sovereignty to Brussels, and an unwanted influx of foreigners prevailed. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Proxy" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Proxy" is used about 349 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 349 | 15,301 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "proxy": be proxy for ♦ by proxy ♦ Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy ♦ proxy ARP ♦ proxy fight ♦ proxy gateway ♦ proxy server ♦ proxy signature ♦ proxy vote ♦ stand proxy. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "proxy": Munchausen-by-proxy. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
proxy | 3,812 | messenger msn problem proxy realm | 68 |
proxy server | 1,438 | proxy setting | 68 |
hlr proxy | 1,357 | bypass proxy | 68 |
proxy list | 490 | proxy checker | 64 |
free proxy | 370 | multi proxy | 62 |
free proxy server | 336 | munchausen syndrome by proxy | 61 |
anonymous proxy | 256 | outwar proxy | 61 |
proxy hunter | 181 | proxy software | 56 |
anonymous proxy list | 135 | public proxy server | 53 |
cgi proxy start using | 129 | public proxy | 51 |
free proxy list | 115 | mega proxy | 50 |
anonymous proxy server | 103 | anonymous proxy free | 50 |
cgi proxy | 99 | sock proxy | 48 |
auth proxy realm type | 86 | filter killer proxy | 47 |
free public proxy server | 82 | health care proxy | 45 |
clicker proxy | 82 | analogx proxy | 44 |
by munchausen proxy | 78 | proxy scanner | 43 |
web proxy | 77 | irc proxy | 41 |
win proxy | 75 | microsoft proxy server | 40 |
proxy server list | 70 | proxy plus | 38 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "proxy"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | prokurë, përfaqësim (representation), i pajisur me prokurë (procurator), i autorizuar (authorized, canonic, canonical, entrusting), fuqi (capacity, energy, exponent, force, intensity, lustiness, might, output, potency, power, ratio, strength, vigor, vigour), autorizim (authorization, commission, permission, permit, procuration, warranty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | مفوض (authorized, commissioned, commissioner, delegate, deputy, mandatary), نيابة (replacement, representation, substitution), وكالة (agency, commission, dealership, procuration), وثيقة (bill, deed, document, instrument, paper, record, script), تفويض (authorization, commission, delegacy, delegation, deputation, mandate, power of attorney, procuration, warrant, warranty), الوكيل (attorney, fiduciary, representative). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | чрез заместник, чрез пълномощник (by procuration), заместник (alternate, deputy, lieutenant, pinch hitter, replacement, secondary, stand by, stand in, sub, substitute, succedaneum, successor, surrogate, vice, vicegerent), пълномощно (commission, letter of attorney, procuration, trust deed, warrant), пълномощник (agent, assignee, attorney, commissary, deputy, employer, factor, mandatary, mandatory, procurator, vicegerent), пълномощие (authority, commission, deputation), делегация (delegacy, delegation, mission). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 代理人 (Proxies, surrogate). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | plnomocník, plná moc (power, power of attorney, retainer, warrant), zastupování, zástupce (agent, alternate, deputy, lawyer, procurator, representative, substitute). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | stedfortræder (alternate), fuldmagt (act of delegation, authority, delegation, letter of attorney, power of attorney). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | procuratie, volmachtsakte, volmachtbrief (letter of attorney), volmacht (authorization, mandate), gevolmachtigde (nominee, representative). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | نماینده (Agent, Delegate, Deputation, Deputy, Doer, Envoy, Exponent, Indicator, Representation, Representative, Symptomatic), وکیل (Agent, Attorney, Deputy, Lieutenant), وکالتنامه , وکالت (Advocacy, Agency, Attorney, Bar, Deputation, Proctorship), بنمایندگی دیگری رای دادن . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | valtuutettu asiamies, valtakirja (credentials, power of attorney). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | pouvoir, fondé de pouvoir (procurator). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | vertretung (agency, holding, legation, replacement, representation, representational party, representativeness, substitute, supporting), Stellvertretung (by deputy), stellvertreter (agent, attorney, attorney in fact, deputy, locum, replacement, representative, surrogate, understudy). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | έγγραφο εξουσιοδότησης, πληρεξούσιοσ (attorney, deputy, plenipotentiary, procurator), πληρεξούσιο έγγραφο, πληρεξούσιο (mandate), πληρεξουσιότησ (full powers), πληρεξουσιότητα (full powers), υποκατάστατη μεταβλητή, εξουσιοδότηση (authorisation, authorization, delegation, fiat, warrant, warranty), εντολοδόχοσ (assignee, representative). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מיופ" כח (accredited, authorized, empowered, plenipotentiary), בא כח (agent, attorney, delegate, representative, spokesman). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | meghatalmazott (accredited, commissioned, commissioner, delegate, mandatory, substitute, trustee), megbízott (accredited, agent, assign, commissioned, commissioner, deputy, emissary, mandatary, mandatory, Proctor, representative, trustee, vakeel, vicarious), helyettes (acting, alternate, assistant, deputy, fill in, lieutenant, locum tenens, stand-in, substitute, supply, surrogate, vicar, vice). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | procura (attorney, power of attorney). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | プレヤデス星団 (PD, Pleiades cluster, prelude, prerelease, probe, professional, program, program analyzer, program director, programmer, programming), 名代 (fame, representative, well-known), "任状 (commission), 代行者 (agent), 代理者 (agent, alternate, attorney, deputy, representative, substitute), 代理人 (agent, alternate, attorney, deputy, representative, substitute), 代理 (acting, agency, agent, alternate, attorney, deputy, representation, substitute), 代人 (agent, deputy, representative, substitute), 代" , 代り (alternate, compensation, deputy, relief, second helping, substitute), 代わり (alternate, compensation, deputy, relief, second helping, substitute), 代え (substitute). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | プロキシ , かわり (a replacement, a turn, alteration, alternate, an exchange transaction, change, compensation, deputy, difference, relief, second helping, strangeness, substitute), かえ (alteration, change, changing, rate of exchange, substitute), いに"じょう (commission), みょう い (representative), いに" (acting official, adult, agency, agent, deputy, representative, substitute), いい" (signing by proxy), い"うしゃ (agent), いりしゃ (agent, alternate, attorney, deputy, representative, substitute), いりに" (agent, alternate, attorney, deputy, representative, substitute), いり (acting, agency, agent, alternate, attorney, deputy, imperial palace, representation, substitute). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 대리권 (Proxies). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | ynnydee (assignee, commissary, locum tenens, procurator, substitute), shagh-teiyder, meoirys (mayorship). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | oxypray procuração (commission, power of attorney, procuration, warrant). (various references) reprezentat (figured), mandatar (mandatory, representative), mandat (commission, innings, mandate, seat, warrant, writ), delegat (authorized, commissary, delegate, deputy, mandatory, representative, substitute), delegaţie (autorization, commission, delegacy, delegation, deputation, legation, mission, representation), împuternicit (attorney, commissary, commissioner, mandatory, representative), împuternicire (commission, delegacy, deputation, letter of attorney, mandate, power of attorney, procuration, vicarious power, warrant, warrant of attorney). (various references) уполномоченный (assignee, authorised, commissioner), сделанный (done, made), доверенный (fiduciary, trust), доверенность (commission, empowerment, letter of attorney, letter of authority, poa, power of attorney, procuration). (various references) punomoćstvo, zastupnik (agent, assignee, defender, locum tenens, mandatary, pleader, representative, spokesman), zastupanje. (various references) procuración (procuration, procuratory, procurement), poderhabiente, poder (ability, ascendancy, authority, be able, be able to, can, capability, capacity, dominion, ennoblement, know how, may, might, mightiness, power, power of attorney, puissance, sway, to be able, warrant), variable sustitutiva, apoderado (agent, assignee, attorney, attorney in fact, procurator, representative). (various references) ombud (agent, attorney, attorneys, delegate, representative), fullmakt (commission, letters of appointment, power of attorney, procuration, warrant, warrent). (various references) vekillik (delegacy, guardianship, ministry, representation, trusteeship), vekil (administrator, alternate, assignee, attorney, commissary, commissioner, delegate, deputy, lieutenant, locum, locum tenens, minister, nominee, representative, stand in, substitute, supply, surrogate, vicar, vice, vice gerent), vekâletname (letter of attorney, power of attorney, procuration, trust deed, warrant, warrant of attorney), vekâlet (mandate, power of attorney, procuration, succession). (various references) уповноважений (assignee, authorized, commissary, mandatory, syndic), заступництво (auspices, favour, patronage, pleading, protection, protectorate, protectorship, push, shelter), повірений (attorney, mandatory, procurator, solicitor), повноваження (authority, warrant), доручення (authorization, delegation, errand, mandate, message, mission, procurance, procuration, procuratory). (various references) sự uỷ quyền người đại diện, sự uỷ nhiệm, người thay mặt (deputy, procurator), do uỷ quyền. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | procuratio. (various references) |
| Medieval Latin | 700-1500 | procuratia. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Misspellings | |
"Proxy" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: aprox, croxy, froxy, paroxy, pordy, poxi, poxie, poxy, prax, praxie, preux, prex, prexy, prixy, Procys, prody, profy, progy, proux, prowy, proxcy, proxi, proxie, proxyi, proxys, prudy, prxoy, roxy, ruxy, troxy. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "proxy" (pronounced prÄ"ksē) |
| 4 | -Ä" k s ē | boxy, doxie, doxy, epoxy, foxy, Moxie, oxy. |
| 3 | -k s ē | apoplexy, folksy, galaxy, heterodoxy, hydroxy, maxi, Nixie, orthodoxy, pixie, sexy, taxi, waxy. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "o-p-r-x-y" | |
-1 letter: oryx, ropy. | |
-2 letters: oxy, pox, pro, pry, pyx. | |
-3 letters: op, or, ox, oy, yo. | |
| Words containing the letters "o-p-r-x-y" | |
+1 letter: peroxy. | |
+3 letters: paroxysm, prolixly, pyroxene, xylocarp. | |
+4 letters: expiatory, expletory, paroxysms, prolixity, proximity, pyridoxal, pyroxenes, pyroxenic, pyroxylin, xerophily, xerophyte, xylocarps, xylograph. | |
+5 letters: auxotrophy, expiratory, expository, oropharynx, paroxysmal, phylloxera, praxeology, protoxylem, proximally, pyridoxals, pyridoxine, pyroxenite, pyroxenoid, pyroxylins, thixotropy, xerography, xerophytes, xerophytic, xylographs, xylography. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Fiction 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Translations: Ancient 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.