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Definition: Irregular |
IrregularAdjective1. Contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice; "irregular hiring practices". 2. (of solids) not having clear dimensions that can be measured; volume must be determined with the principle of liquid displacement. 3. Not occurring at expected times. 4. Used of the military; not belonging to or engaged in by regular army forces; "irregular troops"; "irregular warfare". 5. Deviating from what is usual or common or to be expected; often somewhat odd or strange; "these days large families are atypical"; "highly irregular behavior". 6. Lacking continuity or regularity; "an irregular worker"; "employed on a temporary basis". 7. Of a surface; not level or flat; "walking was difficult on the irregular cobblestoned surface". 8. Used of independent armed resistance forces; "guerrilla warfare"; "partisan forces". 9. Independent in behavior or thought; "she led a somewhat irregular private life"; "maverick politicians". Noun1. A member of an irregular armed force that fights a stronger force by sabotage and harassment. 2. Merchandise that has imperfections; usually sold at a reduced price without the brand name. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "irregular" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Food & Agriculture | Of a forest, crop or stand, constituted of trees whose crowns are at various levels and the canopy very uneven; the trees are generally uneven-aged. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The Hubble sequence is a classification of galaxy types developed by Edwin Hubble in 1936. It is also called the tuning-fork diagram as a result of the shape of its graphical representation. Galaxy types are divided as follows:
/ S0 Sa Sb Sc E0 ... E7 Ir \\ SB0 SBa SBb SBc where E0 to E7 are elliptical galaxies, S0 and SB0 are transitional types, Sa to Sd are spiral galaxies, SBa to SBd are barred spiral galaxies, and Ir are irregular galaxies.
- Elliptical galaxies have an ellipsoidal form, with a fairly even distribution of stars throughout. The number gives the degree of eccentricity: E0 galaxies are nearly spherical, while E7 are greatly flattened.
- Lenticular galaxies (S0 and SB0) appear to have a disk-like structure with a central spherical bulge projecting from it. They do not show any spiral structure.
- Spiral galaxies have a central bulge and an outlying disk containing spiral arms. The arms are centered around the bulge, and vary from tightly wound (Sa) to very loose (Sc and Sd). The latter also have less pronounced central bulges.
- Barred spiral galaxies have a similar sort of spiral structure to spiral galaxies, but instead of emanating from the bulge, the arms project out from the ends of a "bar" running through the bulge, like ribbons on either end of a baton. Again, SBa to SBd refer to how "tightly wound" these arms are.
- Irregular galaxies show no clearly discernable or regular shape, and therefore, they do not fit into this simple Hubble classification sequence.
Known Properties of Galaxies Galaxy Type Mass (Solar Masseses) Luminosity (Solar Luminosity) Diameter (kpc) Stellar Populations Percentage of Observed Galaxies
Spiral and Barred Spiral 109 to 1011 108 to 1010 5-250 disk: Population I
halo:Population II77%
Elliptical 105 to 1013 105 to 1011 1-205 Population II 20%
Irregular 108 to 1010 107 to 109 1-10 Population I 3%
Hubble based his classification on photographs of the galaxies through the telescopes of the time. He originally believed that elliptical galaxies were an early form, which might later evolved into spirals; our current understanding suggests that the situation is roughly opposite, however, this early belief left its imprint in the astronomers' jargon, who still speak of "early type" or "late type" galaxies according to whether a galaxy's type appears to the left or to the right in the diagram.
More modern observations of galaxies have given us the following information about these types:
From this, astronomers have constructed a theory of galaxy evolution which suggests that ellipticals are, in fact, the result of collisions between spiral and/or irregular galaxies, which strip out much of the gas and dust and randomize the orbits of the stars. See galaxy formation and evolution.
- Elliptical galaxies are generally fairly low in gas and dust, and are composed mostly of older stars.
- Spiral galaxies generally have plentiful supplies of gas and dust, and have a broad mix of older and younger stars.
- Irregular galaxies are fairly rich in gas, dust, and young stars.
Elliptical Galaxies examples Name Right Ascension Declination Hubble Type
M49 (NGC 4472) 12h 29.8m 8° 00' E4
M59 (NGC 4621) 12h 42.0m 11° 39' E3
M60 (NGC 4649) 12h 43.7m 11° 33' E1 M84 (NGC 4374) 12h 25.1m 12° 53' E1 M86 (NGC 4406) 12h 26.2m 12° 57' E3 M89 (NGC 4552) 12h 35.7m 12° 33' E0 M110 (NGC 205) 00h 40.4m 41° 41' E6
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Hubble sequence."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In contrast to regular verbs, irregular verbs are those verbs that fall outside the standard patterns of conjugation in the languages in which they occur. They mostly exist as remnants of historical spellings and conjugations.
English Irregular verbs
The irregularity of English verbs refers to its inconsistency in forming predictable past participles and/or past tenses. For all irregular verbs beside to be, other conjunctions and inflections follow the same rules of spelling as the regular verbs.
English irregular verbs are native; they originate in Old English. In contrast, loanwords are regular. However, not all native English verbs are irregular.
There are about 250 irregular English verbs, and they can be classified in a number of different ways:
There are fewer strong verbs and irregular verbs in modern English than there were in Old English. The force of analogy tends to reduce the number of irregular verbs over time. On the other hand, contraction and sound changes can increase their number. Most of the strong verbs were regular, in that they fell into a conventional plan of conjugation, in Old English; there are so few of them left in contemporary English that they seem irregular to us.
- The remaining strong verbs, which display ablaut among their several tenses. E.g. ride/rode/ridden. These verbs are inherited from the parent Germanic language, and ultimately, from Indo-European. Many strong verbs have a past participle in -en or -n rather than -ed.
- Weak verbs that have been subjected to sound changes over the course of the history of English that have rendered them irregular. Many of these acquired a long vowel in the present stem, but kept a short vowel in the preterite and past participle. E.g. hear/heard/heard
- Weak verbs that have been the subject of contractions. E.g. have/had/had
- Weak verbs that end in a final -t or -d that made the addition of the weak suffix -ed seem redundant. E.g. cost/cost/cost
- A handful of surviving preterite-present verbs. These can be distinguished from the rest because their third person simple present singular (the he, she, or it form) does not take a final -s. These are the remnants of what was once a fairly large Indo-European class of verbs that were conjugated in the preterite or perfect tense with present tense meaning. All of the surviving verbs of this class are auxiliary verbs or quasi-auxiliaries. E.g. can/could/could
- Verbs that contain suppletive forms, which form one or more of their tenses from an entirely different root. Be is one of these, as is go/went/gone.
- A number of verbs whose irregularity is chiefly due to the peculiarities of English spelling; e.g., lay/laid/laid
- Past tense ending -ed written phonetically when devoiced to -t; e.g. burn/burnt/burnt (which also has a regular conjugation with a [d] pronunciation.)
Common irregularities include:
- Change whatever existing vowel to [O], orthographically represented by ou or au, e.g.
- beseech -> besought
- bring -> brought
- buy -> bought
- catch -> caught
- seek -> sought
- teach -> taught
- think -> thought
- Change whatever existing vowel to [oU] (American English) or [@U] (British English), orthographically represented by o with a word-final e, e.g.
Then, to form past participle, add nasal suffix -en, e.g., broke -> broken
- break -> broke
- choose -> chose
- freeze -> froze
- speak -> spoke
- steal -> stole
- No change, e.g., bet, bid, burst, cast, cost, cut, fit, hit, hurt, knit, let, put, quit, rid, set, shed, shit, shut, split, spread, sweat, thrust, wed, wet.
List of irregular English verbs:
The present tense comes first, next the preterite, and the past participle comes last:
See also : Wiktionary list of irregular verbs.
- awake awoke awoken
- be (was, were) been
- bear bore born/borne
- beat beat beaten
- become became become
- begin began begun
- bend bent bent
- beset beset beset
- bet bet bet
- bid bid bid
- bind bound bound
- bite bit bitten
- bleed bled bled
- blow blew blown
- break broke broken
- breed bred bred
- bring brought brought
- broadcast broadcast broadcast
- build built built
- burn burned/burnt burned/burnt
- burst burst burst
- buy bought bought
- can could could
- cast cast cast
- catch caught caught
- choose chose chosen
- cling clung clung
- come came come
- cost cost cost
- creep crept crept
- cut cut cut
- deal dealt dealt
- dig dug dug
- dive dived/dove dived
- do did done
- draw drew drawn
- dream dreamt dreamt
- drive drove driven
- drink drank drunk
- eat ate eaten
- fall fell fallen
- feed fed fed
- feel felt felt
- fight fought fought
- find found found
- fit fit fit
- flee fled fled
- fling flung flung
- fly flew flown
- forbid forbade forbidden
- forget forgot forgotten
- forego forewent foregone
- forgive forgave forgiven
- forsake forsook forsaken
- freeze froze frozen
- get got got/gotten
- give gave given
- go went gone
- grind ground ground
- grow grew grown
- hang hung hung
- have had had
- hear heard heard
- hide hid hidden
- hit hit hit
- hold held held
- hurt hurt hurt
- keep kept kept
- kneel knelt knelt
- knit knit knit
- know knew known
- lay laid laid
- lead led led
- leap leaped/leapt leaped/leapt
- learn learned/learnt learned/learnt
- leave left left
- lend lent lent
- let let let
- lie lay lain
- light lit lighted
- lose lost lost
- make made made
- may might might
- mean meant meant
- meet met met
- misspell misspelt misspelt
- mistake mistook mistaken
- mow mowed mowed/mown
- overcome overcame overcome
- overdo overdid overdone
- overtake overtook overtaken
- overthrow overthrew overthrown
- owe owed owed
- pay paid paid
- plead (pleaded/pled) (pleaded/pled)
- prove proved (proved/proven)
- put put put
- quit quit quit
- read read read
- rid rid rid
- ride rode ridden
- ring rang rung
- rise rose risen
- run ran run
- saw sawed sawed/sawn
- say said said
- see saw seen
- seek sought sought
- sell sold sold
- send sent sent
- set set set
- sew sewed sewed/sewn
- shake shook shaken
- shall should should
- shave shaved shaved/shaven
- shear sheared sheared/shorn
- shed shed shed
- shine shone shone
- shoe shoed shoed/shod
- shoot shot shot
- show showed showed/shown
- shrink shrank shrunk
- shut shut shut
- sing sang sung
- sink sank sunk
- sit sat sat
- sleep slept slept
- slay slew slain
- slide slid slid
- sling slung slung
- slit slit slit
- smite smote smitten
- sow sowed sowed/sown
- speak spoke spoken
- speed sped sped
- spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt
- spend spent spent
- spill spilled/spilt spilled/spilt
- spin spun spun
- spit spit/spat spit
- split split split
- spread spread spread
- spring sprang sprung
- stand stood stood
- steal stole stolen
- stick stuck stuck
- sting stung stung
- stink stank stunk
- stride strode stridden
- strike struck struck
- string strung strung
- strive strove striven
- swear swore sworn
- sweep swept swept
- swell swelled swelled/swollen
- swim swam swum
- swing swung swung
- take took taken
- teach taught taught
- tear tore torn
- tell told told
- think thought thought
- thrive thrived/throve thrived
- throw threw thrown
- thrust thrust thrust
- tread trod trodden
- understand understood understood
- uphold upheld upheld
- upset upset upset
- wake woke woken
- wear wore worn
- weave wove woven
- wed, wed/wedded, wed
- weep wept wept
- wind wound wound
- will would would
- win won won
- withhold withheld withheld
- withstand withstood withstood
- wring wrung wrung
- write wrote written
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Irregular verb."
Synonyms: IrregularSynonyms: atypical (adj), guerilla(a) (adj), guerrilla(a) (adj), maverick (adj), temporary (adj), underground (adj), unorthodox (adj), unpredictable (adj), guerilla (n), guerrilla (n), insurgent (n), second (n). (additional references) |
| Antonym: regular (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Combatant | Irregular, guerilla, partisan, condottiere; franctireur, tirailleur, bashi-bazouk; vietminh, vietcong; shining path; contras; huk, hukbalahap. |
Disorder | Adjective: disorderly, orderless; out of order, out of place, out of gear; irregular, desultory; anomalous; (unconformable); acephalous, deranged; aimless; disorganized; straggling; unmethodical, |
Distortion | Adjective: distorted; Verb: out of shape, irregular, asymmetric, unsymmetric, awry, wry, askew, crooked; not true, not straight; on one side, crump, deformed; harelipped; misshapen, misbegotten; misproportioned, ill proportioned; ill-made; grotesque, monstrous, crooked as a ram's horn; camel backed, hump backed, hunch backed, bunch backed, crook backed; bandy; bandy legged, bow legged; bow kneed, knock kneed; splay footed, club footed; round shouldered; snub nosed; curtailed of one's fair proportions; stumpy; (short); gaunt; (thin); bloated; scalene; simous; taliped, talipedic. |
Excitability | Noun: excitability, impetuosity, vehemence; boisterousness; Adjective: turbulence; impatience, intolerance, nonendurance; irritability; (irascibility); itching; (desire); wincing; disquiet, disquietude; restlessness; fidgets, fidgetiness; agitation; (irregular motion). |
Irregularity of recurrence | Dj. irregular, uncertain, unpunctual, capricious, desultory, fitful, flickering; rambling, rhapsodical; spasmodic; immethodical, unmethodical, variable. |
Multiformity | Adjective: polymorphous, multiform, multifold, multifarious, multigenerous, multiplex; heterogeneous, diversified, dissimilar, various, varied, variform; manifold, many-sided; variegated, motley, mosaic; epicene, indiscriminate, desultory, irregular; mixed, different, assorted, mingled, odd, diverse, divers; all manner of; of every description, of all sorts and kinds; et hoc genus omne; and what not? de omnibus rebus et quibusdam aliis. |
Nonuniformity | Adjective: diversified varied, irregular, uneven, rough; multifarious; multiform; of various kinds; all manner of, all sorts of, all kinds of. |
Unconformity | Adjective: uncomformable, exceptional; abnormal, abnormous; anomalous, anomalistic; out of order, out of place, out of keeping, out of tune, out of one's element; irregular, arbitrary; teratogenic; lawless, informal, aberrant, stray, wandering, wanton; peculiar, exclusive, unnatural, eccentric, egregious; out of the beaten track, off the beaten track, out of the common, out of the common run; beyond the pale of, out of the pale of; misplaced; funny. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Irregular |
| English words defined with "irregular": on an irregular basis. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "irregular": Gram-Positive Asporogenous Rods, Irregular ♦ irregular weir. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "irregular": Unordinate. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Irregular" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Portuguese (atypical, bumpy, catchy, crenelated, disorderly, erratic, fitful, inequable, informal, inordinate, irregular, jagged, jaggy, jerky, joggly, jolty, knockabout, lacerated, lawless, occasional, ragged, rough, rugged, scratchy, snatchy, spotty, unequable, unequal, uneven, wayward), Spanish (aberrant, abnormal, fitful, irregular, uneven). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | From where I sat it looked as though you were conjugating some irregular verbs (To Catch a Thief; writing credit: David Dodge; John Michael Hayes) The asteroid has an irregular shape but we've calculated its length from end to end to be approximately 137 km. (Stargate SG-1; writing credit: Robert C. Cooper; Brad Wright) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
References | |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Shown is a PET scan (positron emission tomography) of a 62 year old man with a brain tumor classified as a grade III astrocytoma. The PET scan displays an increased glucose metabolic rate shown by the irregular bright white area in the center of the scan. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. | This large (7 by 11 mm) macular lesion displays an irregular, scalloped border, which is indistinct in some areas. In addition to hues of tan and brown, several pink areas (arrows) are present. The presence of pink colors in the macular portion of a melanocytic nevus is quite distinctive for dysplastic nevi. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. | ||
B. anthracis Colony Characteristics: A. 2-5mm overnight at 35 degrees centigrade without carbon dioxide B. Non-hemolytic, non-pigmented, dry ground glass surface, edge irregular with comma projections, “Medusa Head”. Credit: CDC. | Yersinia pestis grows well on most standard laboratory media, after 48-72 hours, grey-white to slightly yellow opaque raised, irregular “fried egg” morphology; alternatively colonies may have a “hammered copper” shiny surface. Credit: CDC. | ||
An illustration depicting a lateral view of a Mansonia mosquito with a blunt abdomen, short palpus, irregular pattern of the mesonotum and broad, bi-colored wing scales. Credit: CDC. | Syphilitic aortitis causes markedly irregular wrinkling of the tunica intima, producing the so-called "tree-bark" effect. Note that there are several arteriosclerotic plaques also present. Credit: CDC. | ||
The elastic fibers of the tunica media are swollen, irregular and fragmented. A fibrous plaque is replacing the elastic fibers in one area; Elastic stain technique; magnification 450X. Credit: CDC. | In this image two gummas are seen in this liver specimen. At the lower periphery, one is seen as a firm, white, somewhat irregular nodule. The other is hemorrhagic and largely necrotic. Credit: CDC. | ||
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has imaged a variety of galaxies with normal, irregular and ... Credit: NASA. | ![]() | Medium deep survey image of irregular and peculiar galaxies. Credit: NASA. | |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Play | Caption |
| Waver; changeful; fluctuating; fluid; inconstant; indecisive; irregular; irresolute; irresponsible; kaleidoscopic; mercurial; mobile; movable; mutable; permutable; protean; restless; reversible; revocable; shifting; skittish; spasmodic; transformable; tra. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Thomas Otway | Clocks will go as they are set, but man, irregular man, is never constant, never certain. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | When the governor, however intitled, makes not the law, but his will, the rule; and his commands and actions are not directed to the preservation of the properties of his people, but the satisfaction of his own ambition, revenge, covetousness, or any other irregular passion. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | She had an undulating, but, oftentimes, a sharp and irregular movement |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | And look at the stars through the irregular outlines of his fruit trees |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | On a table near the door were two photographs in frames and between them a long roll of paper bearing an irregular tail of signatures |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | The shore is irregular enough not to be monotonous |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Arrhythmia--An irregular heartbeat. (references) | |
Been diagnosed or treated for an irregular heartbeat. (references) | ||
Sudden death--Cardiac arrest caused by an irregular heartbeat. (references) | ||
Business | The Chilean customer is beginning to become aware of "consumer rights", and it is more common that unhappy clients report irregular situations, unsatisfactory service, defective products, and deceptive propaganda to SERNAC, Servicio Nacional del Consumidor (National Consumer Service). (references) | |
The high number of eligible beneficiaries, irregular government subsidies, poor management and a giant budget deficit have all overwhelmed PAMI's capacity to operate for years and have resulted in the poor financing of current services and inability to repay its service providers (doctors, clinics, labs, etc.). (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Egypt | Members of the syndicates have reported that Islamists have used irregular electoral techniques, such as physically blocking polling places and limiting or changing the location of polling sites. (references) |
Lithuania | Over the last few years, irregular immigration decreased dramatically due to improved border control, stricter laws against human smuggling, and more effective detention and return of migrants to their countries of origin. (references) | |
Economic History | Algeria | Algeria's weather is irregular from year to year. (references) |
Human Rights | Yemen | Enforcement of the law is irregular and in some cases nonexistent, particularly in cases involving security offenses. (references) |
Cambodia | In September the Prime Minister ordered the rearrest of an acquitted suspected rapist, on the ground that his release was irregular. (references) | |
Costa Rica | Irregular enforcement of property rights and duplicate registrations of title have damaged the real property interests of many who believe they hold legitimate title to land. (references) | |
Political Economy | THAILAND | Customs Procedures: The Thai Customs Department enjoys considerable autonomy and some of its practices appear arbitrary and irregular. (references) |
Liberia | There also are numerous irregular security services attached to certain key ministries and parastatal corporations, the responsibilities of which appear to be defined poorly. (references) | |
Congo | Renewed civil conflict broke out in August 1998 and continued throughout the south until the end of 1999 between forces supporting Sassou, which included Angolan allies, Rwandan Hutu militiamen, and irregular fighters of Chadian and Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) nationality, and southern rebel groups supporting Lissouba, which included Cocoye militiamen operating in the Bouenza, Niari, and Lekoumou regions, and Ninja and Nsiloulou militiamen operating principally in southern Pool region. (references) | |
Political Rights | Guinea | When the victorious PUP councils could not agree on who should be appointed to leadership positions, President Conte named several mayors himself, in a move that observers criticized widely as unconstitutional and irregular. (references) |
Trade | Guatemala | All institutions that perform intermediary functions must be authorized by the Superintendence of Banks, but compliance has been irregular. (references) |
Bulgaria | Other major concerns are irregular implementation of Bulgaria's 1997 public procurement law and privatization procedures, and protection of U.S. intellectual property rights. (references) | |
Travel | Yemen | Water supplies can also be irregular. (references) |
Women | Panama | There are credible reports of irregular hiring practices based upon age and "appearance." A 1998 law reiterates protections laid out in the Constitution and prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex. (references) |
Worker Rights | Uruguay | At the ILO's governing meeting in June, the Association of Bank Employees of Uruguay brought allegations against the government concerning antiunion dismissals, threats of dismissal, and irregular denouncement of a collective agreement. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | OCCASIONAL, adj. Afflicting us with greater or less frequency. That, however, is not the sense in which the word is used in the phrase "occasional verses," which are verses written for an "occasion," such as an anniversary, a celebration or other event. True, they afflict us a little worse than other sorts of verse, but their name has no reference to irregular recurrence. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | The irregular and convulsive character of the war upon the shores has been extended to the conflicts upon the ocean. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Irregular" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 99.73% of the time. "Irregular" is used about 743 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 99.73% | 741 | 9,171 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.27% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 743 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "irregular": irregular air motions ♦ irregular conjugation ♦ irregular entry ♦ irregular heartbeat ♦ irregular motion ♦ irregular outer edge ♦ irregular sea ♦ irregular uppercase letter ♦ irregular verb ♦ irregular verbs ♦ irregular weir ♦ old or irregular conjugation ♦ on an irregular basis. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "irregular": irregular-looking, irregular-shaped, irregular-sided. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "irregular"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | i parregullt (abnormal, erratic, inconsistent, incorrect, out), i çrregullt (anomalous, disorderly, erratic, fitful, formless, messy, tumultuary, unkempt, untidy), që nuk bën pjesë në trupat e rregullta. (various references) | |
Arabic | متفاوت (different, disparate, dissimilar, mixed, uneven), متقطع (broken, casual, choppy, cut off, disconnected, discontinuous, fitful, fretful, intermission, intermittent, interrupted, occasional, remittent, spasmodic, sporadic, torn apart, uneven), مخالف للقواعد, وعر (broken, bumpy, hairy, impassable, jolty, lumpy, malaise, mountainous, precipitous, ragged, rough, rugged, sharp, steep, tight), غير منتظم (patchy, unequal), غير نظامي (casual, infrequent), غير قياسي (atypical), جندي غير نظامي, الشاذ (exceptional), شاذ (aberrant, anomalous, atypical, bastard, bizarre, eccentric, erratic, exotic, extraordinary, extravagant, far fetched, freak, intriguing, monstrous, moonstruck, odd, off beat, outlandish, preternatural, prodigious, queer, rogue, scatty, singular, stupendous, thumping, wild), بضاعة تشوبها شوائب. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | разюздан (abandoned, lawless, riotous, unbridled), грапав (coarse, inelegant, jagged, ragged, rough, rugged, uneven), нестандартна стока, нестандартен (off beat), несиметричен (asymmetric, dissymmetrical, lop-sided, oblique, skew), нередовен войник, нередовен (freak, informal, inordinate, occasional, odd), неравен (bumpy, hilly, iron-bound, jolty, jumpy, knobby, lumpy, patchy, ragged, rugged, unequal, uneven), невалиден (inept, invalid, void), ненормален (insane, prodigious), незаконен (false, illegal, illegitimate, illicit, lawless, outlaw, secret, supposititious, undue, unlawful, wrongful), неправилен (abnormal, anomalous, awry, defective, erroneous, false, faulty, improper, incorrect, injudicious, lame, mis-, mistaken, unequal, unfair, untrue, vicious, wrongful), непостоянен (astatic, capricious, casual, changeable, changeful, discontinuous, erratic, fickle, fluctuating, fluid, impermanent, inconstant, liquid, lubricous, mobile, mutable, non-persistent, seesaw, sporadic, streaky, uncertain, unequable, uneven, unreliable, unstable, unsteady, vagarious, variable, variant, volatile, wayward, whimsical, yo-yo), непорядъчен (disorderly), дефектен (defective, imperfect, incomplete, vicious). (various references) | |
Chinese | 齟 (uneven teeth), 參 (attend, ginseng, join, not uniform, participate, take part in, to counsel, to join, unequal, uneven, varied), 媮 (improper), 儳 (mixed), 不规则 (atactic), 不規則 . (various references) | |
Czech | protizákonný, nerovnomìrný, nepravidelný (erratic, ragged, unequal, uneven, unsteady). (various references) | |
Danish | uregelmæssig (abnormal). (various references) | |
Dutch | onregelmatig (abnormal, deviating, divergent, uneven). (various references) | |
Farsi | نامرتب (Disheveled, Sloppy, Slovenly, Unequal, Unkempt, Untidy), غیرمعمولی (Atypical), غیرعادی (Abnormal, Anomalous, Extraordinary, Prodigious, Queer, Unco, Uncommon, Unusual, Unwonted, Utter), خلاف قاعده (Anomaly), بی ترتیب (Anomaly, Desultory), بی رویه . (various references) | |
Finnish | irrallinen (detached, disconnected, isolated, loose, separate), säännötön (abnormal), muotopuoli (deformed, shapeless), erimuotoisia (differing in shape), epäsäännöllinen, epämukainen (asymmetric, not uniform). (various references) | |
French | irrégulier. (various references) | |
German | unregelmäßig (abnormal, anomalous, casual, erratic, fitful, irregularly, sporadic, uneven, unsteady), irregulär, ungeregelt (disordered, disorderly, unadjusted, unorganized, unregulated), ordnungswidrig. (various references) | |
Greek | παράτυποσ (against the rules, atypical, unconventional), άτακτοσ (anomalous, fractious, haywire, mischievous, naughty, snatchy, straggly, tough, unruly), ακανόνιστοσ (maladjusted, snatchy), ανώμαλοσ (aberrant, abnormal, anomalous, bumpy, rough, rugged, scraggly, spotty, uneven), ανώμαλος (abnormal, anomalous), ανώμαλο. (various references) | |
Hebrew | יוצא "ופן (eccentric, erratic, exceptional, exotic, extraordinary, maverick, signal, singular, unusual), לא ס"יר (fitful, sporadic), חרי' (anomalous, exceptional, outre), בלתי ר'יל, בלתי כון (incorrect). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szabálytalan (abnormal, Anomalistic, anomalous, nonregulation, zygomorphic), rendhagyó (anomalous), rendellenes (abnormal, anomalous, atypical, displacement, perverse), rendszertelen (casual, desultory, inordinate, random, unsystematic). (various references) | |
Indonesian | tak ditentukan (unspecified), tak beraturan, aneh (abnormal, mysterious, odd, oddly, peculiar, queer, strange, unnatural, unusual). (various references) | |
Italian | irregolare (anomalous, erratic, fitful, foul, patchy, ragged, rambling, uneven). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 歪 (crooked, distorted, elliptical, oval, warped), イメージ調査 (99.999999999 percent., bad bounce, bad hop, ear protector, ear valve, earmark, earphone, earring, eleven, eleven nines, eraser, eruption, Ile de France, illegal, Illinois, illumination, illumination control, illusion, illustrated map, illustration, illustrator, image change, image survey, in, include, income, income gain, income tax, increment, incremental, incremental business, incubate, incubation, incubator, ink, inn, Iran, Iraq, iridium, irony, Iroquois, irrational, irregular bound, yearbook, year-round fashion), 不規律 (disorganized, slipshod, undisciplined), 不整 , 不定期 (indeterminate, tramp). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ふきりつ (disorganized, slipshod, undisciplined), ふせい (asymmetry, correction, dishonesty, illegality, impropriety, iniquity, injustice, irregularity, lack of uniformity, nature, negative properties, paternity, revision, transient life, unevenness, unfairness), ふていき (indeterminate, tramp), いびつ (crooked, distorted, elliptical, oval, warped), イレギュラー . (various references) | |
Korean | 불규칙한 (Atypical). (various references) | |
Manx | sprangagh (asymmetric, disproportionate, knock-kneed, leggy, non-uniform, shuffling, waddle, waddling), shallidagh (acting, interim, make do, nisi, provisional, provisory, temporary, tentative, transient, transitional), neuchinjagh (indefinite, undecided, variable), meereiltagh (anarchic, anarchical, anarchist, disorderly, lawless, turbulent, turbulent person, ungovernable, ungovernable as country). (various references) | |
Norwegian | uregelmessig. (various references) | |
Papiamen | iregular (abnormal). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | irregularay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | irregular (atypical, bumpy, catchy, crenelated, disorderly, erratic, fitful, inequable, informal, inordinate, jaggy, jerky, joggly, jolty, knockabout, lacerated, lawless, occasional, ragged, rough, scratchy, snatchy, spotty, unequable, unequal, uneven, wayward). (various references) | |
Romanian | ilicit (illicit, illicitly, unlawful), neuniform (patchy, rugged), neregulat (broken, disorderly, erratic, fitful, irregularly, odd, patchy, ragged, rugged, scraggy, snatchy, unequal, uneven), nereglementar, nelegitim (base, baseborn, bastard, born on the wrong side of the blanket, illegitimate, misbegotten), dezordonat (dishevelled, disorderly, erratic, ill-regulated, messy, riotous, slipshod, unkempt, untidy), asimetric (asymmetric, asymmetrical, scraggy), învãlmãşit (bewildered, confused). (various references) | |
Russian | нерегулярный (inconstant, intermittent, nonrecurring, sporadic). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | neregularan, neredovan, nepravilan (erratic, erroneous, unlawful, wrong). (various references) | |
Spanish | irregular (aberrant, abnormal, fitful, uneven). (various references) | |
Swedish | oregelbunden (abnormal, anomalous, erratic, fitful, intermittent, snatchy, unequal, unsteady). (various references) | |
Thai | ไม่เรียบ, ไม่เป็นระเบียบ (rough), ผิ"ปกติ (eccentric, morbid), สิ่งที่อยู่นอกเก"ฑ์. (various references) | |
Turkish | yamuk (skew, skewed, trapezium, trapezoid, warped), kuralsız (anomalous, not grammatical, solecistic, ungrammatical), düzgün olmayan (non-uniform), düzensiz (chaotic, desultory, disordered, disorderly, disorganized, erratic, excursive, fitful, freehand, haywire, hugger mugger, huggermugger, indigested, inordinate, jerky, nonuniform, non-uniform, out of order, out of square, out of trim, out-of-balance, patchily, patchy, ragged, rambling, snatchy, snuffy, unequal, unkempt, unsteady, untidy), bozuk (addle, bad, broken, broken down, bum, damaged, dead, deranged, dirty, disappointed, dished, disordered, distorted, doric, embroiled, faulty, flyblown, foul, gone, hard set, haywire, heavy, hipshot, imperfect, in bad order, kaput, knackered, off, on the fritz, out of action, out of commission, out of gear, out of order, perverse, putrefacient, putrefactive, putrid, rancid, rotten, stale, touched, unsound, upset, vicious, wrong), başıbozuk, çarpık (agley, askew, awry, cockeyed, crooked, curved, paralysed, skew, warped, wry). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | тимчасовий працівник, нерівний (anomalous, banky, broken, drunken, humpy, inconstant, inequable, ragged, rough, rugged, splashy, stair-step, tremulant, tremulous, unequal, uneven, unsteady), нерегулярний (casual, non-recurring, occasional, odd, snatchy, spasmodic, uneven), незаконний (base, bastard, illegal, illegitimate, illicit, lawless, undue, unlawful, unwarranted), неправильний (anomalous, awry, bad, barbarous, illegitimate, improper, incorrect, unequal, unfair, unlawful, untrue, wrong, wrongful). (various references) | |
Welsh | afreolaidd (disorderly). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | aspera, asperam, asperas, asperum, confracta, confractae, confracti, confractis, confracto, confractos, confractum, confractus, enormis. (various references) |
| Middle French | 1400-1600 | baroque. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "irregular": irregularities, irregularity, irregularly, irregulars. (additional references) | |
| |
"Irregular" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: arugula, irrregular. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "irregular" (pronounced ire"gyuler) |
| 7 | -r e" g y u l er | regular. |
| 5 | -g y u l er | angular, equiangular, jugular, rectangular, singular, triangular. |
| 4 | -y u l er | annular, avuncular, binocular, cardiovascular, cellular, circular, curricular, extracurricular, gastrovascular, globular, granular, intercellular, intermolecular, jocular, molecular, muscular, particular, perpendicular, popular, secular, semicircular, spectacular, testicular, tubular, unicellular, unpopular, unspectacular, vascular, vehicular, vernacular. |
| 3 | -u l er | embezzler, enabler, abler, alveolar, bachelor, Buckler, Candler, chancellor, consular, councilor, counsellor, counselor, dangler, dissimilar, fiddler, Girdler, glandular, gobbler, hackler, humbler, hurdler, hustler, Idler, insular, jeweler, juggler, kindler, kittler, Littler, modular, needler, nestler, nodular, peninsular, rattler, reveler, saddler, settler, shuffler, Sidler, similar, simpler, Spindler, Stabler, stapler, stickler, subtler, swindler, tingler, Tinkler, titular, traveler, traveller, wrangler, wrestler. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-g-i-l-r-r-r-u" | |
-2 letters: glarier, regular. | |
-3 letters: arguer, glaire, gluier, irreal, larger, ligure, railer, reguli, rulier, uglier. | |
-4 letters: agile, airer, argil, argle, argue, ariel, auger, aurei, glair, glare, gluer, grail, gruel, guile, gular, lager, large, liger, luger, lurer, rarer, regal, rerig, rugae, rugal, ruler, rural, uraei, urare, urari, ureal, urger, urial. | |
-5 letters: ager, ague, aril, earl, egal, gale. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-g-i-l-r-r-r-u" | |
+1 letter: irregulars. | |
+2 letters: irregularly. | |
+3 letters: irregularity. | |
+4 letters: intergranular. | |
+5 letters: irregularities. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Sounds | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Derivations 20. Rhymes | 21. Anagrams 22. Bibliography |
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