Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Initial |
InitialAdjective1. Occurring at the beginning; "took the initial step toward reconciliation". Noun1. The first letter of a word (especially a person's name); "he refused to put the initials FRS after his name". Verb1. Mark with one's initials. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "initial" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1550. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Public Administration | To affix an initial to. . . : to mark (as an handkerchief) with an initial. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
An initial is a more largely set, often several lines comprehensive letter with a decorating character at the beginning of a work, a chapter or a paragraph.
In the early period of the printing the typesetters released the necessary surface, so that the Initials (in a further work procedure) could be arranged by book painters or writers. Historical Initials was decorated frequently with ornamentations or motives, which refer to the action of the text.
The word comes from the Latin initialis, which means standing at the beginning.
See also: Typography
Source: typolis.de
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Initial."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In mathematics, an initial object of a category C is an object I in C such that to every object X in C, there exists precisely one morphism I -> X. The dual notion is that of a terminal object: T is terminal, if to every object X in C there exists a single morphism X -> T. Initial objects are also called coterminal and terminal objects are also called final. If an object is both initial and terminal, we call it a zero object.
Properties
Not all categories have initial or terminal objects, as will be seen below. Directly from the definition, one can show however that if an initial object exists, then it is unique up to a unique isomorphism. The same is true for terminal objects.
Examples
This article is based on PlanetMath's article on examples of initial and terminal objects.
- The empty set is the unique initial object in the category of sets; every one-element set (singleton) is a terminal object in this category; there are no zero objects. Similarly, the empty space is the unique initial object in the category of topological spaces; every one-point space is a terminal object in this category.
- In the category of non-empty sets, there are no initial objects. The singletons are not initial: while every non-empty set admits a function from a singleton, this function is in general not unique.
- In the category of pointed sets (whose objects are non-empty sets together with a distinguished element; a morphism from (A,a) to (B,b) being a function f : A → B with f(a) = b), every singleton is a zero object. Similarly, in the category of pointed topological spaces, every singleton is a zero object.
- In the category of groups, any trivial group (consisting only of its identity element) is a zero object. The same is true for the category of abelian groups as well as for the category of left modules over a fixed ring. This is the origin of the term "zero object".
- In the category of rings, the ring of integers (and any ring isomorphic to it) serves as an initial object. The trivial ring consisting only of a single element 0=1 is a terminal object.
- In the category of schemess, the prime spectrum of Z is a terminal object. The empty scheme (equal to the prime spectrum of the trivial ring) is an initial object.
- In the category of fieldss, there are no initial or terminal objects.
- Any partially ordered set (P, ≤) can be interpreted as a category: the objects are the elements of P, and there is a single morphism from x to y if and only if x ≤ y. This category has an initial object if and only if P has a smallest element; it has a terminal object if and only if P has a largest element. This explains the terminology.
- In the category of graphs, the null graph (without vertices and edges) is an initial object. The graph with a single vertex and a single loop is terminal. The category of simple graphs does not have a terminal object.
- Similarly, the category of all small categories with functors as morphisms has the empty category as initial object and the one-object-one-morphism category as terminal object.
- Any topological space X can be viewed as a category by taking the open sets as objects, and a single morphism between two open sets U and V if and only if U ⊂ V. The empty set is the initial object of this category, and X is the terminal object.
- If X is a topological space (viewed as a category as above) and C is some small category, we can form the category of all contravariant functors from X to C, using natural transformations as morphisms. This category is called the category of presheaves on X with values in C. If C has an initial object c, then the constant functor which sends every open set to c is an initial object in the category of presheaves. Similarly, if C has a terminal object, then the corresponding constant functor serves as a terminal presheave.
- If we fix a homomorphism f : A -> B of abelian groups, we can consider the category C consisting of all pairs (X, φ) where X is an abelian group and φ : X -> A is a group homomorphism with f φ = 0. A morphism from the pair (X, φ) to the pair (Y, ψ) is defined to be a group homomorphism r : X -> Y with the property ψ r = φ. The kernel of f is a terminal object in this category; this is nothing but a reformulation of the universal property of kernels. With an analogous construction, the cokernel of f can be seen as an initial object of a suitable category.
- We can treat arbitrary limits of functors similar to the previous example: if F : I -> C is a functor, we define a new category Cone(F) as follows: its objects are pairs (X, (φi)) where X is an object of C and for every object i of I, φi : X -> F(i) is a morphism in C such that for every morphism ρ : i -> j in I, we have F(ρ)φi = φj. A morphism between pairs (X, (φi)) and (Y, (ψi)) is defined to be a morphism r : X -> Y such that ψi r = φi for all objects i of I. The universal property of the limit can then be expressed as saying: any terminal object of Cone(F) is a limit of F and vice versa (note that Cone(F) need not contain a terminal object, just like F need not have a limit).
- Generalizing the previous two examples: every construction described by a universal property can be reformulated as the problem of finding an initial or terminal object in a suitable category.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Initial object."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| INA | English | Initial National Administration | Finance |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Beginning | Noun: beginning, commencement, opening, outset, incipience, inception, inchoation; introduction; (precursor); alpha, initial; inauguration, debut, le premier pas, embarcation, rising of the curtain; maiden speech; outbreak, onset, brunt; initiative, move, first move; narrow end of the wedge, thin end of the wedge; fresh start, new departure. |
Adjective: beginning; Verb: initial, initiatory, initiative; inceptive, introductory, incipient; proemial, inaugural; inchoate, inchoative; embryonic, rudimental; primogenial; primeval, primitive, primordial; (old); aboriginal; natal, nascent. | |
Engraving | Illustration, illumination; half tone; photogravure; vignette, initial letter, cul de lampe, tailpiece. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | If your initial investment is a half a million dollars and your apartments are up in March, you should have x amount of dollars rolling in by the end of this year (The Jerk; writing credit: Carl Reiner, written by Steve Martin and Carl Gottlieb.) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Initial D: Second Stage (1999) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | 1) A temporary administration building for M.D. Anderson was set up in 1940 in this converted residence known as "the oaks" on the former Baker Estate near downtown Houston. 2) biochemistry and biology laboratories were set up in late 1942 by five scientists using this one-time stable and carriage house on the old Baker Estate. The first patients were seen in other converted residential quarters starting in March, 1944. 3) the permanent home for University of Texas M.D. Anderson hospital began taking shape in the early 1950s in the newly designated Texas Medical Center, which only a few years earlier had been "way out in the woods". 4) M.D. Anderson's first seven-story structure was opened for patient care on March 19, 1954. This initial building contained 310 beds, which were phased into use over a five-year period, along with facilities for cancer research and educational activities. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | The trophozoites represent stages in the Plasmodium spp. life cycle, right after a blood or liver cell has been infected by a sporozoite. This image shows an erythrocyte having become a trophozoite in the initial Ring stage. Credit: CDC. |
 | This patient with late tertiary syphilis has developed an aortic aneurysm, which is eroding supraclavicularly through the ribs and clavicle. Cardiovascular syphilis can begin 5 to 10 years after initial infection. Credit: CDC. |  | Vernon Burns at twilight - determining initial azimuth Astro party of Lt.(j.g.) Albert Theberge. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Calibrating Raydist by using three-point sextant fix Initial tests of Raydist off of SOSBEE. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | As the net draws tighter a few fish are seen as the initial casualties of the progressive compression of the school within the net. Credit: Fisheries. |
 | Initial arrival of the "raw fish habitat". Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | State biologists Brad Chase and Mike Armstrong search for smelt eggs. A 2001 discovery of smelt eggs in the river led to the development of the initial development of the restoration project. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Figure 28. Fluxmeter invented by Admiral Stepan O. Makaroff in 1882 and used in the Straits of Bosporus. Its initial test was made from the Russian vessel TAMAN in the Straits of Bosporus in 1882 at about 73 meters depth. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Figure 40. Liebert bacterial sampling apparatus invented by Francois Liebert in 1908 at the "Rijksinstituut voor het onderzoek der zee" and first used off the vessel WODAN in the North Sea. It sampled at depths from the surface to between 20 and 40 meters on this initial test. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Office 5" by Stephen Mishler Commentary: "Here are some initial office shots." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Aristotle | The least initial deviation from the truth is multiplied later a thousandfold. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | This navigable waterway shall be placed under the same administrative regime as the Rhine itself, and the division of the cost of initial construction, including the above indemnities, among the States crossed thereby shall be made by the Central Commission. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | First they can decipher all initial letters into political meanings |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Further studies depend on initial findings. (references) | |
Initial use of inhalants often starts early. (references) | ||
Initial pulmonary infection is usually asymptomatic. (references) | ||
Business | The joint venture will have an initial capital of over NTD2 billion. (references) | |
Typically, a full sea container load may be too big for initial orders. (references) | ||
The statute of limitations is ten years after the product’s initial release. (references) | ||
Children | Philippines | In May a Member of Congress who had been convicted and sentenced to two life terms in prison in 1997 for the 1996 rape of an 11-year-old girl, was reelected for the second time since his initial conviction. (references) |
Bulgaria | Disabled individuals have access to university training (students with disabilities must pay the university's initial application fee but are exempt from semester fees if accepted), to housing, and to employment; however, architectural barriers are a great hindrance in most older buildings, including schools and universities. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Malaysia | The two were released before the initial 60-day period had elapsed. (references) |
Economic History | Poland | POGC is in the initial stages of privatization. (references) |
Costa Rica | Initial equity payment is generally US$100 to US$1,000. (references) | |
Romania | The use of credit cards in Romania is in its initial stages. (references) | |
Human Rights | Senegal | The accused has the right to an attorney after this initial period of detention. (references) |
Korea | When a person is detained physically, the initial trial must be completed within 6 months of arrest. (references) | |
Monaco | The magistrate may extend the initial 2-month detention for additional 2-month periods indefinitely. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Honduras | In 1997 after a month of nationwide protests by indigenous organizations that included a hunger strike, the Government signed a 22-point agreement with representatives of various groups that made available 9 initial land grants of about 22,000 acres each to different tribes, granted some contested land titles outright to indigenous petitioners, and set aside government funds for indigenous housing. (references) |
Minorities | Canada | The chaplain's initial complaints filed with the provincial and federal human rights commissions were dismissed because the law gives judges immunity from human rights laws. (references) |
Political Economy | New Zealand | After a year in office, the Labour coalition government has assuaged initial fears of the business community. (references) |
Political Rights | Chad | When the election commission's announced in late May that initial result indicated that President Deby had won reelection, the opposition candidates sought to organize a mass rally and march through N'Djamena, to protest what they viewed as a stolen election. (references) |
Mali | A new census was conducted in late 2000. The Government and opposition parties reviewed and revised the electoral lists during the year, and new electoral lists were scheduled for release in early 2002. National Assembly members were elected in 1992 and 1997. The Constitutional Court cancelled the results of the initial 1997 legislative elections, citing flaws in the electoral process. (references) | |
Trade | Nigeria | This fee is also computed from the initial business capital outlay. (references) |
Travel | Trinidad | First names are freely used after the initial meeting. (references) |
Chad | A deposit of approximately USD 40.00 is required for initial service. (references) | |
Spain | Initial communication by phone or fax is far less effective than a personal meeting. (references) | |
Women | Mali | Despite its initial 4-year mandate, the plan was not close to completion, and it was not extended officially by year's end. (references) |
Panama | Anecdotal evidence suggests that many women are propositioned for sexual favors at the time of their initial job interview. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Guyana | However, if the initial contract stipulates a 48-hour workweek, then the overtime rate applies only for hours worked in excess of 48 hours. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SEAL, n. A mark impressed upon certain kinds of documents to attest their authenticity and authority. Sometimes it is stamped upon wax, and attached to the paper, sometimes into the paper itself. Sealing, in this sense, is a survival of an ancient custom of inscribing important papers with cabalistic words or signs to give them a magical efficacy independent of the authority that they represent. In the British museum are preserved many ancient papers, mostly of a sacerdotal character, validated by necromantic pentagrams and other devices, frequently initial letters of words to conjure with; and in many instances these are attached in the same way that seals are appended now. As nearly every reasonless and apparently meaningless custom, rite or observance of modern times had origin in some remote utility, it is pleasing to note an example of ancient nonsense evolving in the process of ages into something really useful. Our word "sincere" is derived from sine cero, without wax, but the learned are not in agreement as to whether this refers to the absence of the cabalistic signs, or to that of the wax with which letters were formerly closed from public scrutiny. Either view of the matter will serve one in immediate need of an hypothesis. The initials L.S., commonly appended to signatures of legal documents, mean locum sigillis, the place of the seal, although the seal is no longer used -- an admirable example of conservatism distinguishing Man from the beasts that perish. The words locum sigillis are humbly suggested as a suitable motto for the Pribyloff Islands whenever they shall take their place as a sovereign State of the American Union. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
John Kerry | Well, I'm very troubled by it. For the first few years, there was a sort of realignment because a lot of the veteran population had moved to the south and southwest of the country. So there was an initial redistribution. |
Rush Limbaugh | It's not enough that John Kerry started using F as his middle initial to pretend to be John, now Edwards is pretending to be Bobby! |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Initial" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 97.50% of the time. "Initial" is used about 4,478 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 97.5% | 4,366 | 2,248 |
| Noun (singular) | 2.41% | 108 | 31,306 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.04% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 0.02% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.02% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 4,478 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| United Kingdom | Rentokil Initial PLC |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "initial": ascending initial ♦ initial address message ♦ initial adjustment ♦ initial approach ♦ initial approach area ♦ initial approach fix ♦ initial approach path ♦ initial cell ♦ initial climb speed ♦ initial concept ♦ initial contact report ♦ initial cost ♦ initial costs ♦ initial deployment ♦ initial difficulties ♦ initial draft plan ♦ initial early resupply ♦ initial erection ♦ initial graphics exchange specification ♦ initial ionising event ♦ initial ionizing event ♦ initial letter ♦ initial line ♦ initial margin ♦ initial Microprogram Load ♦ initial notification ♦ initial objective ♦ initial offering ♦ initial Operational Test and Evaluation ♦ initial path sweeping ♦ initial phase ♦ initial point ♦ initial price ♦ initial Program Load ♦ initial Program Loader ♦ initial programmed interception report ♦ initial public offering ♦ initial radiation ♦ initial reserve ♦ initial resupply ♦ initial rhyme ♦ initial sound ♦ initial speed ♦ initial stage ♦ initial state ♦ initial test flight ♦ initial torque ♦ initial training ♦ initial unloading period ♦ initial value ♦ initial velocity ♦ initial word ♦ raised initial ♦ Transit Computerisation Project, Construction and Initial Implementation Phase. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "initial": initial-clause, initial-medial, initial-value. | |
Ending with "initial": post-initial, syllable-initial, utterance-initial, word-initial. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
initial d | 1,745 | d initial pic | 30 |
initial | 217 | initial ring | 27 |
initial portable dvd player | 170 | initial necklace | 27 |
dvd initial | 139 | d initial lyrics | 25 |
dvd initial player | 130 | car d initial | 25 |
d initial wallpaper | 122 | initial d music | 25 |
arcade d initial | 105 | initial pendant | 24 |
initial public offering | 104 | d initial manga | 21 |
d initial special stage | 86 | 1731 idm initial | 21 |
d game initial | 72 | 4th d initial stage | 21 |
initial portable dvd | 70 | initial technology | 21 |
initial d mp3 | 54 | inc initial technology | 20 |
electronics initial | 53 | arcade d game initial | 20 |
initial security | 50 | d initial midi | 19 |
arcade d initial stage | 45 | d initial movie | 19 |
d initial ps2 | 42 | initial d dvd | 19 |
initial state | 37 | initial d soundtrack | 18 |
d download initial | 33 | 9510 dvd initial | 17 |
1810 dvd initial | 32 | d initial ringtone | 17 |
d initial picture | 31 | 5820 dvd initial | 16 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "initial"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | voorletter, beginletter, aanvanklike, aanvangsletter. (various references) | |
Albanian | inicial (initials), i parë (aboriginal, early, first, foremost, former, front, headmost, maiden, opening, original, premier, primary, primitive, progenitor), i fillimit, më i hershëm, fillestar (apprentice, beginner, catechumen, departure, elementary, freshman, incipient, infantile, learner, neophyte, novice, preliminary, prime, primitive, primordial, radical, recruit, rookie, tiro, youngling). (various references) | |
Arabic | في البداية (at first, first, initially), وقع بالحرف الأول من إسمه, حروف أولية, الحرف الإستهلالي, التوقيع بالحروف الأولية, الاستهلالي, البداءة, إبتدائي (elementary, incipient, primary, rudimentary), أول (chief, fore, foremost, former, premier). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | визирам (endorse, range, sight), начален (auroral, elemental, embryo, inceptive, incipient, infantile, initiative, initiatory, introductory, opening, original), първоначален (autochthonal, elementary, grade, original, primary, prime, primordial), първи (first, one, the first, virgin), поставям инициалите си (personalize), парафирам (endorse, paraph), параф (paraph), инициал. (various references) | |
Chinese | 最初 (first, primary). (various references) | |
Czech | poèáteèní písmeno, poèáteèní (inceptive, incipient, opening, original, rudimentary). (various references) | |
Danish | initial, forbogstav. (various references) | |
Dutch | initiaal, voorletter, beginletter. (various references) | |
Esperanto | inicialo, komenclitero, komenca litero, komenca. (various references) | |
Farsi | پاراف کردن , پاراف , نوشتن اولین حروف نام ونام خانوادگی , نخستبن , واقع دراغاز, اولین قسمت , اولین (Initiatory), اول (First), اغازی (Initiative), اغازکردن (Begin, Birth, Commence, Inaugurate, Incept, Inchoate, Set, Sparkplug), اصلی (Arch, Basic, Cardinal, Elementary, Essential, Fundametal, Genuine, Germinal, Head, Immanent, Ingrown, Inherent, Innate, Intrinsic, Main, Net, Original, Primary, Prime, Primordial, Principal, Seminal), ابتداءی (Elementary, Infantile, Preliminary, Primary, Primer, Rudiment, Rudimentary), دراغازقراردادن , بدوی (Bedouin, Germinal, Incipient, Nomad, Primitive, Rudimentary, Seminal). (various references) | |
Finnish | parafoida, alkukirjain, alku (beginning, commencement, origin, original, outset, rise, start). (various references) | |
French | initiale, initial (inceptive). (various references) | |
German | initiale (initials), Initial, anfangs-, anfänglich (at first, at the outset, in the beginning, initially). (various references) | |
Greek | μονογραφώ, αρχικόσ (inceptive, initiatory, original, originative, primal, primary, primitive, primordial, pristine), αρχικά (at first, initially, initials, originally, primarily). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לחתום בראשי תיבות, התחלתי. (various references) | |
Hungarian | iniciálé, megindulási, legelsõ (first, foremost, primordial, principal), kiinduló (jumping-off), kiindulási, kezdeti (aboriginal, early, germinal, inceptive, inchoate, inchoative, incipient, initiatory, original, primaeval), kezdõbetû, kezdõ (beginner, debutant, inceptive, initiative, recruit, young), eredeti (aboriginal, genuine, native, novel, original, primaeval, primal, primary, prime, primeval, primordial, pristine, true, unsophisticated). (various references) | |
Icelandic | upphafsstafur. (various references) | |
Indonesian | huruf awal. (various references) | |
Italian | iniziale (early, inceptive, inchoate, opening). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 頭字 (first letter), イディッシュ語 (catnip, id, ideologue, ideology, initialize, initials, initiation, initiative, initiator, inning, Yiddish), 初期 (early, initial stage). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しょき (anticipated, clerk, desire, early, expectation, expected, heat stroke, hope, hoped-for, hot weather, initial stage, secretary, sunstroke), かしらじ (first letter), イニシャル . (various references) | |
Korean | 머리글자 (Initials). (various references) | |
Manx | yn chied (first, primary), cur kione-lettyryn rish. (various references) | |
Norwegian | forbokstav. (various references) | |
Papiamen | inisial. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | initialay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | inicial (early, forehand, inaugural, inceptive, inchoative, initiative, initiatory, lead-off, maiden, young). (various references) | |
Romanian | iniţialã (primer), iniţial (inceptive, inchoative, incipient, initially, original, originally, primary), primordial (absolute, essential, essentially, foremost, primary, primordial, primordially), primar (bailiff, elementary, mayor, once removed, primal, primary, primeval, pristine, provost), prim (early, first, foremost, front, fundamental, maiden, one, original, premier, primal, prime), parafã (flourish, paraph, scroll), parafa (clench, flourish, seal), originar (originality, primary), notã iniţialã, nota cu o iniţialã, nota cu iniţiale, de început (early, inceptive, initiative, opening), a-şi pune parafa pe. (various references) | |
Russian | начальный (early, inceptive, incipient, infantine, initiatory, insipient, lead off, primary), первоначальный (archetypal, elementary, original, primal, prime), исходный (departure, of reference, opening, parent, presumptive), инициал начальный первый, инициал (initials). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | inicijalni, inicijal, prvi (first, leading, maiden, premier, prime, primus, principal), predhodan, polazni, početno slovo, početni (exordial, inceptive, inchoate, incipient, maiden, opening), parafirati (paraph), napisati inicijale. (various references) | |
Spanish | inicial (inceptive, incipient, lead, leading, low), primitivo (a b c, a.b.c., abc, aboriginal, early, original, primaeval, primal, primeval, primitive). (various references) | |
Swedish | inledande (initiative, initiatory, introductory, opening, precursory, prefatory, prelusive), begynnelsebokstav (initial letter). (various references) | |
Thai | ชั้นต้น, อักษรแรกของชื่อ, ลงชื่อแรก. (various references) | |
Turkish | ilk harf, ilk (early, elementary, first, initiative, initiatory, maiden, preliminary, premier, primal, primary, prime, primitive, primordial, pristine, proto-, the very first), baştaki (head, inceptive), baş harf, baş (arch, arch-, beginning, beginnings, bow, capital, central, chief, coconut, costard, especial, first, foremost, general, governing, grand, head, heading, in chief, knob, leader, master, nob, noddle, off, outset, potato, premier, primal, primary, prime, principal, sconce, top), önses. (various references) | |
Turkmen | ilkinji (primary), ilki (first). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | поставити ініціали, початкова літера, початковий (a.b.c., arch-, archetypal, basic, elemental, inceptive, inchoate, inchoative, incipient, infant, initiative, initiatory, institutional, opening, original, originary, primary, prime, primordial, protoplastic), первісний (aboriginal, antecedent, archetypal, barbaric, original, originary, primaeval, primal, prime, primeval, primitive). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | ban đầu (early, initially). (various references) | |
Welsh | dechreuol. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "initial": initialed, initialing, initialism, initialisms, initialization, initializations, initialize, initialized, initializes, initializing, initialled, initialling, initially, initialness, initialnesses, initials. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "initial": noninitial. (additional references) | |
| |
"Initial" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Inatio, iniatial, inicial, initail, inital, initcial, initia, initialy, initian, initil, initio, iniyial, intemal, interial, intitial, Niitaka, Uinitial. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "initial" (pronounced i'ni"shul) |
| 4 | -i" sh u l | artificial, beneficial, superficial, judicial, official, sacrificial, unofficial. |
| 3 | -sh u l | inertial, antisocial, biracial, bushel, commercial, confidential, controversial, crucial, essential, experiential, facial, financial, glacial, impartial, spatial, special, infomercial, interprovincial, interracial, jurisprudential, Marshal, Marshall, martial, multiracial, noncommercial, noncontroversial, nonfinancial, nonracial, nonresidential, palatial, partial, Paschal, potential, prejudicial, prenuptial, provincial, quintessential, racial, social, uncontroversial. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-i-i-i-l-n-t" | |
-2 letters: litai. | |
-3 letters: alit, anil, anti, ilia, inia, inti, lain, lati, lint, nail, tail, tain, tali. | |
-4 letters: ail, ain, ait, alt, ani, ant, lat, lin, lit, nil, nit, tan, til, tin. | |
-5 letters: ai, al, an, at, in, it, la, li, na, ta, ti. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-i-i-i-l-n-t" | |
+1 letter: initials. | |
+2 letters: anilities, ciliation, digitalin, filiating, filiation, inability, initialed, initially, laminitis, triclinia. | |
+3 letters: airlifting, albinistic, aquilinity, ciliations, digitalins, filiations, finalities, illuminati, inimitable, inimitably, initialing, initialism, initialize, initialled, invalidity, invigilate, italianise, italianize, kaolinitic, latinities, latinizing, limitation, litigating, litigation, militating, militiaman, militiamen, minimalist, noninitial, pixilation, politician, salinities, sibilating, sibilation, sincipital, vitalising, vitalizing. | |
+4 letters: affiliating, affiliation, animalistic, animalities, antielitism, antielitist, antimissile, criminality, deniability, elicitation, eliminating, elimination, eliminative, fishtailing, genialities, hightailing, humiliating, humiliation, idolization, illuviation, implicating, implication, inabilities, inclination, infantilism, infantility, infantilize, infinitival, initialisms, initialized, initializes, initialling, initialness, instability, intaglioing, intrinsical, intuitional, inviability, invigilated, invigilates, invigilator, italianised, italianises, italianized, italianizes, italicising, italicizing, laciniation, laicization, laminitises, lilliputian, limitations, linealities, linearities, lionization, liquidating, liquidation, litigations, lixiviating, lixiviation, logistician, malignities, militancies, minimalists, ministerial, originality, pixilations, platinizing, pleinairist, politicians, ritualizing, salpingitis, sibilations, sillimanite, stabilizing, tangibility, titillating, titillation, utilitarian, utilization, vigilantism, virginalist. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Spoken | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Names: Company Usage 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Abbreviations 19. Acronyms 20. Derivations | 21. Rhymes 22. Anagrams 23. Bibliography |
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