Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Hopper |
HopperNoun1. Funnel-shaped receptacle; contents pass by gravity into a receptacle below. 2. Someone who hops; "at hopscotch, the best hoppers are the children". 3. A machine used for picking hops. 4. Terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping. 5. (baseball) a hit that travels along the ground. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "hopper" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Note: Hopper \Hop"per\, noun. [See 1st Hop.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
19th Century Satire | A skipper. Source: Foolish Dictionary, 1904. |
Computing | The part of a card-processing device that holds the cards to be processed and makes them available to a card feed mechanism. Source: European Union. (references) |
Food & Agriculture | The portion of a grape mill, usually in the form of a large funnel, into which the grapes are thrown and which feeds them to the crushing mechanism. Source: European Union. (references) |
Law | Refers to a bill presented for formal introductions and first reading. (references) |
Mechanical Engineering | Container for holding workpieces in random order prior to their being fed to a processing station. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Small receptacle in oil tank for hot or diluted oil to assist cold-weather start. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Mining | A. A vessel into which materials are fed, usually constructed in the form of an inverted pyramid or cone terminating in an opening through which the materials are discharged (not primarily intended for storage) b. Surge bin placed at discharge end of intermittent transporting system that handles dry ore or rock; used to smooth out and regulate delivery from that point. A hopper car is one with bottom discharge gear and insloping side walls c. A storage bin or a funnel that is loaded from the top and discharges through a door or chute in the bottom d. A container or bin for broken ore. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Rear Admiral Grace Brewster Murray Hopper (born Grace Brewster Murray) (1906-1992) was an early computer programmer and the developer of the first compiler for a computer programming language. The compiler was known as the A compiler and its first version was A-0. Later versions were released commercially as the ARITH-MATIC, MATH-MATIC and FLOW-MATIC compilers.
She graduated from Vassar College with a bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics in 1928 and obtained her Ph.D. at Yale in 1934. By 1941 she was an associate professor at Vassar College. In 1943 she joined the US Navy and was assigned to work with Howard Aiken on the Mark I Calculator. She was the first person to write a program for it. At the end of the war she was discharged from the Navy, but she continued to work on the development of the Mark II and the Mark II Calculators.
In 1949 Hopper became an employee of the Eckert-Mauchley Computer Corporation and joined the team developing the UNIVAC I. In the early 1950s the company was taken over by the Remington Rand corporation and it was while she was working for them that her original compiler work was done.
Later she returned to the Navy where she worked on validation software for the programming language COBOL and its compiler. COBOL was defined by the CODASYL committee which extended her FLOW-MATIC language with some ideas from the IBM equivalent, COMTRAN. However, it was her great idea that programs could be written in a language that was close to English rather than in machine code or in languages close to machine code, such as the assemblers of the time. It is fair to say that COBOL was based very much on her philosophy.
Grace Hopper and associates, while working on a Mark II computer at Harvard University, discovered a moth stuck in a relay and thereby impeding operation, whereupon she remarked that they were "debugging" the system. Though the term 'bug' cannot be attributed to Admiral Hopper, this did bring the term computer 'bug' into popularity. The remains of the moth can be found in the group's log book at the Naval Surface Weapons Center.
Grace Hopper is famous for her nanoseconds. People (such as generals and admirals) used to wonder why satellite communication took so long. She started handing out pieces of wire which were cut just under 1 foot long, which is the distance that light travels in 1 nanosecond (1 billionth of a second). The reason satellite communication is so slow is that the signal must travel for many nanoseconds on the way up, and then many nanoseconds on the way down. Even generals and admirals could understand this explanation. At many of her talks, she handed out nanoseconds to everyone in the audience.
She retired from the Navy in 1986, and shortly thereafter was hired as a senior consultant to Digital Equipment Corporation, a position she retained until her death.
External links
- Wikiquote - Quotes by and about Grace Hopper
- Full Hopper biography with many links
- A shorter Hopper biography
- Wit and wisdom of Grace Hopper
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Grace Hopper."
Synonyms: HopperSynonyms: grasshopper (n), ground ball (n), grounder (n), hop-picker (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Receptacle | Vessel, vase, bushel, barrel; canister, jar; pottle, basket, pannier, buck-basket, hopper, maund, creel, cran, crate, cradle, bassinet, wisket, whisket, jardiniere, corbeille, hamper, dosser, dorser, tray, hod, scuttle, utensil; brazier; cuspidor, spittoon. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Hopper |
| English words defined with "hopper": Base-burner, Bell bearer ♦ Frog fly, Froth insect ♦ Gin saw ♦ Hopper cock, Hopperings ♦ Leaf hopper ♦ Tettigonian, Thorn hopper ♦ Vine hopper. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "hopper": CLOD HOPPER ♦ Grace Hopper ♦ HOPPER ATTENDANT, hopper car, HOPPER FEEDER, hopper loader ♦ loading hopper ♦ receiving hopper ♦ weigh hopper. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Hopper" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. Norwegian (jumper). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | You see Hopper, Nature has a certain order (A Bug's Life; writing credit: John Lasseter; Andrew Stanton) | |
Lyrics | Hopper, bob seeger, and sonny and cher (Lullaby; performing artist: Shawn Mullins) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Adventures of Hoppity Hopper from Foggy Bogg (1962) Hippety Hopper (1949) The Hopper (1918) De Jimmy Hopper Show (1998) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | The Island Hopper - a well decorated vessel. Credit: Fisheries. |  | North Inlet - Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. This tiny sand hopper or amphipod shrimp, Gammarus sp., lives among and under marsh detritus, which it consumes. It is eaten by small fishes and shorebirds. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
 | The table sieve and cradle sieve, hopper and tray exposed. In: "Report on the Construction and Work in 1880 of United States Fish Commission Steamer FISH-HAWK", by Lieutenant Zera Luther Tanner, U. S. N. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Part IX. Report of the Commissioner for 1881. Plate XI, p. 53. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Rashad Brooks loads fertilizer into hopper on farm of his uncles, James and Louis Sanders, near Mound Bayou, MS. Credit: USDA. |
 | Roxanne & John Hopper self help housing Port Orchard, WA. Credit: USDA. |  | Speaking during groundbreaking ceremonies for the Grace M. Hopper Regional Data Automation Center, at Naval Air Station, North Island, California, 27 September 1985. Photographed by PH2 Michael Flynn. Credit: NAVY. |
 | Attends groundbreaking ceremonies for the Grace M. Hopper Navy Regional Data Automation Center at Naval Air Station, North Island, California, 27 September 1985. Photographed by PH2 Michael Flynn. Credit: NAVY. |  | Film still from The Jackie Robinson Story showing (from left to right) Richard Lane (as Clay Hopper), Ruby Dee (as Rachel Robinson), Jackie Robinson (as himself), and Billy Wayne (as Clyde Sukeforth) arm-in-arm. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Dr. Grace Hopper, director, Systems Research, Remington Rand, half-length portrait, seated, facing front, smoking cigarette. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Edna Wallace Hopper, seated on floor, full-length portrait with cat. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Mr. Hopper 1" by Erika Thorpe Commentary: "The deep meditations of a Taoist grasshopper." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| "Hopper" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 59.90% of the time. "Hopper" is used about 197 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 59.9% | 118 | 29,674 |
| Noun (proper) | 40.1% | 79 | 37,388 |
| Total | 100.00% | 197 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "hopper" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Hopper | Last name | 15,000 | 827 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "hopper": Bell and hopper ♦ card hopper ♦ feed hopper ♦ Frog hopper ♦ grace Hopper ♦ Grape hopper ♦ Hopper boy ♦ Hopper closet ♦ Hopper cock ♦ Leaf hopper ♦ plant hopper ♦ rock hopper ♦ sand hopper ♦ Thorn hopper ♦ Tree hopper ♦ vine hopper ♦ weigh hopper. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "hopper": hopper-disowned, hopper-shaped, hopper-vent. | |
Ending with "hopper": clod-hopper, frog-hopper, leaf-hopper, Scotch-hopper, space-hopper. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "hopper"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | hinkë (funnel), plesht (flea), karkalec (grasshopper, grig, locust, shrimp), gorgull, bunker (blockhouse, bunker, pillbox). (various references) | |
Arabic | قادوس, القافز, الواثب. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | самосвал (gondola, tip lorry), саморазтоварващ се шлеп, саморазтоварващ се камион (dumper), саморазтоварващ се вагон (dumper), танцьор (dancer, hop-picker), берач на хмел. (various references) | |
Chinese | 跳跃者 (hoppers). (various references) | |
Czech | skokan (jumper, springer). (various references) | |
Danish | hopper (card hopper, feed hopper), hulkortmagasin (card hopper, feed hopper), korntank (grain bin, grain tank, tanker), broend (core, cored hole, fountain, spring, well), fødetragt (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), foderkasse (feed hopper, food bin, storage bin), foderkiste (feed hopper, food bin, storage bin), gødningsbeholder, ifyldningstragt (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), beholder med skraa udloebsbund, kontainer, værktøjsbeholder, kortmagasin (card hopper, feed hopper), ladetragt, magasin (air chamber, card hopper, depot, feed hopper, magazine, man-made lake, reservoir, shed, stack, staging area, stockroom, storage, storage house, store, storehouse, storeroom, warehouse), materialekasse, mudderpram, påfyldningstragt (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), pudderbeholder (dust container, dust reservoir), skakt (adit, chute, collimator shaft, core, cored hole, discharge pipe, gallery, lifting hole, plumb-line shaft, shaft, slot, tower, tunnel, void, well), tragt (entrance, feed hopper, funnel, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, opening, pit, receiving hopper, trough), kasse (box, case, cash, cash in hand, cash liquidity, cash on hand, casing, chest, compartment, container, crate, housing, lug boxes, picking boxes, saladin box). (various references) | |
Dutch | hopper (card hopper, feed hopper), stortbak (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), graantank (grain bin, grain tank, tanker), invoermagazijn (card hopper, feed hopper), inwerptrechter (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), kaartinvoermagazijn (card hopper, feed hopper), kaartmagazijn (card hopper, feed hopper), kaarttoevoermagazijn (card hopper, feed hopper), keerplaat (baffle), bun (well), poedervoorraadtank (dust container, dust reservoir), zandbak, storttrechter, toevoermagazijn (card hopper, feed hopper), trechter (funnel), trog (manger, trough), voorraadbak (accumulator, feed hopper, food bin, storage bin), voorraadbunker, vultrechter (coal drop sleeve, drop sleeve, feed sleeve, pit, telescope, telescopic section), laadtrechter (pit). (various references) | |
Farsi | هرگونه حشره جهنده , لی لی کننده (Bouncer), قیف (Funnel), جهنده (Jumper, Springy). (various references) | |
Finnish | varastosäiliö, työkalupakki, syöttösuppilo. (various references) | |
French | réservoir à poudre, chicane, coffre à engrais, conteneur, entonnoir, entonnoir de chargement, magasin (card hopper, feed hopper), magasin d'alimentation (card hopper, feed hopper), magasin d'alimentation de cartes (card hopper, feed hopper), magasin de cartes (card hopper, feed hopper), caisse à engrais, puits (hole), trémie de stockage, sauteur (hopping), trémie (feed hopper, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper), trémie à aliments (feed hopper), trémie à poudre, trémie d'alimentation (feed hopper, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper), trémie d'approvisionnement (feed hopper, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper), trémie de chargement (feed hopper, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper), trémie de réception (feed hopper, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper), trémie de reprise (feed hopper, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper), porteur (holder). (various references) | |
German | trichter (bell, cone, crater, filler, funnel, funnels, sinkhole), Kartenzuführungsmagazin. (various references) | |
Greek | χοάνη (crucible), βυθοκόρος (dredge, dredge(USA), dredger). (various references) | |
Hebrew | חרק מקפץ. (various references) | |
Hungarian | verem (hole, pitfall), ugráló személy, tartály (bin, bunker, container, drum, holder, receiver, receptacle, reservoir, sink, tank, vat), tölcsér (charging boot, cone, cornet, crater, filler, funnel, horn), surrantó (shoot), sajtkukac (jitterbug, jumper, mite), garat (boot, gorge, gullet, pharynx), bunker (bunker). (various references) | |
Italian | tramoggia (baffle, feed hopper, grain bin, grain tank, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, pit, receiving hopper, tanker, trough), cassone (box, caisson, cassone, castes, chest), contenitore di schede (card hopper, feed hopper), imbuto di carica, insetto che salta, magazzino d'alimentazione (card hopper, feed hopper), magazzino d'alimentazione di schede (card hopper, feed hopper), persona che salta, bettolina (cockle boat, ships boat), serbatoio di polvere (dust container, dust reservoir), tramoggia per polveri (dust container, dust reservoir), tramoggia di alimentazione (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tramoggia di carico (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tramoggia di grano (grain bin, grain tank, tanker), tramoggia di ricezione (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tramoggia di rifornimento (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tramoggia di ripresa (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tramoggia per concimi, tramoggia per mangimi (feed hopper, food bin, storage bin), pozzo (bore, fountain, shaft, well, wells). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | ホスホン酸 (electric carpet, hockey, hook, hook and eye, hot, hot balloon, hot corner, hot curler, hot dog, hot jazz, hot laboratory, hot line, hot money, hot news, hot potato, hot rod, hot spot, hot stand-by, hot war, hotcakes, hot-key, hotpants, hotplate, Hottentot, pancakes, paper fastener, phosphonic acid, stapler). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ホッパー . (various references) | |
Korean | 호퍼 (hoppers). (various references) | |
Manx | skibbag (elf-lock, portion, skip, skipper, skipping). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | opperhay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | tremonha para alimentos (feed hopper, food bin, storage bin), tremonha de recepção (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tremonha de pó (dust container, dust reservoir), tremonha de aprovisionamento (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tremonha de alimentação (feed hopper, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, trough), tremonha (baffle, feed hopper, grain bin, grain tank, inlet tray, intake hopper, loading hopper, receiving hopper, tanker, trough), tegão (grain bin, grain tank, tanker), saltador (caperer, jumper, outlaw, saltatory, skipper, springer), pulga (flea), pulador, funil de carga, depósito de pó (dust container, dust reservoir), depósito de alimentação de cartões (card hopper, feed hopper), depósito de alimentação (card hopper, feed hopper), colhedor de lpulo. (various references) | |
Romanian | teicã (trough), purice (flea, jumper), persoanã care sare, culegãtor de hamei, coş (acne, basket, basketful, blackhead, cage, chest, chimney, creel, flue, grog-blossom, hamper, pannier, rising, smoke stack, spot, tidy, tilt). (various references) | |
Russian | бункер (batcher, bin, bunker, hutch, pocket). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | berač hmelja (hop-picker). (various references) | |
Spanish | tolva (chute). (various references) | |
Swedish | humleplockare, hoppare (jumper), sorteringsriktare, matningstratt, gräshoppa (grasshopper, locust), fröbehållare, ficka (bin, placket, pocket, pouch). (various references) | |
Turkish | hoplayıp zıplayan kimse, sıçrayan kimse, sıçrayan şey (spatter), dansçı (dancer, hoofer), besleme hunisi (feed hopper), besleme gözü. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | стрибун (bouncer, jumper, springer), бункер (bin, bunker, hutch, silo), плигун. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "hopper": hoppers. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "hopper": chopper, clodhopper, fleahopper, froghopper, grasshopper, hedgehopper, leafhopper, rockhopper, shopper, treehopper, whopper, woodchopper. (additional references) | |
Words containing "hopper": choppered, choppering, choppers, clodhoppers, fleahoppers, froghoppers, grasshoppers, hedgehoppers, leafhoppers, rockhoppers, shoppers, treehoppers, whoppers, woodchoppers. (additional references) | |
| |
"Hopper" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ghoper, happer, happter, heppe, hoeppner, Hopea, hopef, hopei, hoppa, hoppe, hoppi, hoppo, hoppum, Huppert, Opper, oppor, wopper. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "hopper" (pronounced hÄ"per) |
| 3 | -Ä" p er | dropper, bopper, chopper, copper, cropper, improper, Popper, proper, shopper, stopper, Topper, whopper. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-h-o-p-p-r" | |
-1 letter: ephor, hoper. | |
-2 letters: hero, hoer, hope, pepo, perp, pope, pore, prep, prop, repo, repp, rope. | |
-3 letters: hep, her, hoe, hop, ope, ore, peh, pep, per, poh, pop, pro, rep, rho, roe. | |
-4 letters: eh, er, he, ho, oe, oh, op, or, pe, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-h-o-p-p-r" | |
+1 letter: chopper, hoppers, hoppier, prophet, shopper, whopper. | |
+2 letters: choppers, choppier, copperah, hornpipe, hyperope, prophage, prophase, prophecy, prophesy, prophets, shoppers, whoppers. | |
+3 letters: barhopped, choppered, copperahs, hornpipes, hyperopes, hyperopia, hyperopic, phalarope, phosphore, pronephra, prophages, prophases, prophetic. | |
+4 letters: apostrophe, approached, approaches, carpophore, choppering, clodhopper, copperhead, epistrophe, fleahopper, froghopper, hippodrome, hyperopias, hyperploid, leafhopper, lophophore, periphyton, petroglyph, phalaropes, phosphores, photophore, porphyries, pronephric, pronephroi, pronephros, prophecies, prophesied, prophesier, prophesies, prophetess, rockhopper, saprophyte, shopkeeper, sporophore, sporophyte, treehopper, worshipped, worshipper. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Names: Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
