Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Fundamentals |
FundamentalsNoun1. Principles from which other truths can be derived; "first you must learn the fundamentals"; "let's get down to basics". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "fundamentals" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1644. (references) |
Synonyms: FundamentalsSynonyms: basic principle (n), basics (n), bedrock (n), fundamental principle (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Fundamentals |
| English words defined with "fundamentals": ground ♦ ignorant, illiterate, in essence, in principle, in theory ♦ proficiency ♦ technique, The three Rs. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "fundamentals": FP2 ♦ Manual J, MARKSMANSHIP INSTRUCTOR ♦ SPARKS ♦ trinity. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Perhaps I didn't properly explain the fundamentals of the slowdown plan. (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin) There's fundamentals and defense. (Hoosiers; writing credit: Angelo Pizzo) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Fundamentals of Fish Spoilage (1962) Family Fundamentals (2002) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Children learn the fundamentals of caring for the environment. Credit: Unknown. |  | A traditional midwife, the dia, makes her first delivery after being retrained in the fundamentals of safer childbirth. / WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by E. Schwab.. |
 | Boys trained in the fundamentals of navigation may become technicians in the armed service, Los Angeles, Calif. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Oliver Wendell Holmes | People talk fundamentals and superlatives and then make some changes of detail. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Latent demand is largely driven by economic fundamentals. (references) | |
These fundamentals are the source for China's latent demand. (references) | ||
The report first investigates the economic fundamentals affecting China. (references) | ||
Economic History | Mexico | Since the 1994 devaluation Mexican governments have improved the country's macroeconomic fundamentals. (references) |
Greece | While the macroeconomic fundamentals improved, serious structural reform is needed for Greece to achieve its goal of EMU convergence. (references) | |
Zimbabwe | New portfolio investment in Zimbabwe has been very limited in recent quarters as the country's macro-economic outlook and fundamentals continue to decline. (references) | |
Political Economy | SOUTH AFRICA | Although the country's economic fundamentals are in place, the Government of South Africa is still faced with serious challenges. (references) |
HONG KONG | The Asian financial crisis provoked a sharp economic downturn in 1998 and the first half of 1999, but Hong Kong's economic fundamentals remained strong, with a stable banking system, prudent fiscal policy, and massive dollar reserves. (references) | |
Trade | Thailand | IFC, the Bank's private sector arm, has been involved in the protection of its portfolio companies and the restructuring of non-portfolio companies with good long-term fundamentals . For fiscal year 2002 the volume of the IFCs activities will depend on the pace of corporate restructuring. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | TRINITY, n. In the multiplex theism of certain Christian churches, three entirely distinct deities consistent with only one. Subordinate deities of the polytheistic faith, such as devils and angels, are not dowered with the power of combination, and must urge individually their clames to adoration and propitiation. The Trinity is one of the most sublime mysteries of our holy religion. In rejecting it because it is incomprehensible, Unitarians betray their inadequate sense of theological fundamentals. In religion we believe only what we do not understand, except in the instance of an intelligible doctrine that contradicts an incomprehensible one. In that case we believe the former as a part of the latter. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Donald Evans | Well, listen, the president is a leader who keeps his eye on the long-term fundamentals of this economy. And he knows how important fiscal responsibility is. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | This attempt to subjugate an independent, non-aligned Islamic people is a callous violation of international law and the United Nations Charter, two fundamentals of international order. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Fundamentals" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 90.86% of the time. "Fundamentals" is used about 175 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 90.86% | 159 | 24,860 |
| Noun (proper) | 9.14% | 16 | 87,710 |
| Total | 100.00% | 175 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "fundamentals"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaans | alfabet (ABC, alphabet, basics, Character ABC, elements, rudiments), abc (ABC, alphabet, basics, Character ABC, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | abece (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 本性. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | fundamentale betingelser, indre værdi (intrinsic value, liquidity, moneyness, parity value), bogført værdi (accreted value, accretion value, book value). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | fundamentals, eerste beginselen (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments), basisbeginselen (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments), alfabet (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments), ABC (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faeroese | stavrað (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | yrityksen perustiedot. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | fondamentaux, fondamentals, notions de base, bases, alphabet, abc. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | abee (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | grundlage (base, basis, datum, element, foundation, fundamental, gist, groundwork, root position, scaffolding, substructure), Alphabet (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | βάσεις (Alkalis, lyes), βασικέσ αρχέσ, βασείσ. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hawaiian | abece (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | alaptételek, alapismeretek (elements), alapelemek (accidence, primer). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Icelandic | stafróf (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | variabili economiche fondamentali, indicatori (evidence, indicator, indicators), alfabeto (a b c, a.b.c., abc, alphabet, basics, elements, illiterate, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 要旨 (essentials, gist, summary). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ファンダメンタルズ , ""ぽ"'"り (fundamentalprinciples, ground rules), ようし (adopted child, appearance, blank form, essentials, figure, gist, paper manufactured in the Western manner, premature death, proton, son-in-law, summary). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 기본 (fundamental). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | alfabèt (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | undamentalsfay fundamentos (elements, fundamental). (various references) основа (backbone, base, basics, basis, essentials, framework, grassroots, groundwork, medulla, pivot, rudiments, warp). (various references) aibidil (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) osnove. (various references) fundamentos económicos, variables fundamentales, alfabeto (a b c, a.b.c., abc, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments), abecé (a b c, a.b.c., abc, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) alfabet (a.b.c., abc, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) katitikan (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments), alpabeto (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments), abakada (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, rudiments). (various references) alfabe (ABC, alphabet, basics, elements, primer, rudiments, script). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Misspellings | |
"Fundamentals" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: foundamental, fundamentale, fundemental, fundimental, fundimentals, fundmental, funtamental. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "fundamentals" (pronounced fu'ndume"ntulz or fu'ndume"nulz) |
| 8 | -u m e" n t u l z | instrumentals. |
| 6 | -e" n t u l z | continentals, dentals, Gentles, incidentals, lentils, Orientals, rentals. |
| 5 | -n t u l z | dismantles, mantles. |
| 4 | -t u l z | acquittals, artiodactyls, battles, beetles, belittles, bottles, capitals, capitols, chortles, crystals, entitles, genitals, hospitals, hostels, immortals, kettles, kittles, littles, metals, mortals, myrtles, nettles, pedestals, petals, pistols, portals, projectiles, rattles, rebuttals, recitals, settles, shuttles, skittles, startles, subtitles, throttles, titles, totals, turtles, varietals, vittles, wattles. |
| 3 | -u l z | ables, accruals, admirals, advertorials, agrochemicals, ambles, angels, angles, animals, ankles, annals, annuals, apostles, apples, appraisals, approvals, archangels, arrivals, arsenals, articles, assembles, australs, axles, baffles, bagels, balmorals, barbels, barnacles, barrels, baubles, beadles, beagles, befuddles, betrayals, bibles, bicycles, bifocals, bindles, biologicals, biomaterials, biphenyls, bisexuals, boggles, Boodles, boondoggles, bowels, brambles, bristles, brothels, bubbles, buckles, bugles, bundles, burials, bushels, cables, camels, cancels, candles, cannibals, capsules, cardinals, carnivals, carols, castles, casuals, cathedrals, cereals, channels, chemicals, chisels, chorals, chronicles, chuckles, circles, collectibles, colonels, colonials, commercials, compatibles, confessionals, constables, convertibles, corals, councils, counsels, counterproposals, couples, crackles, cradles, credentials, criminals, cripples, crumbles, cubicles, cudgels, cycles, cyclicals, cymbals, dabbles, dangles, debacles, decibels, decimals, deductibles, deferrals, denials, devils, diagonals, dials, diesels, differentials, disables, disciples, dismissals, disposables, disposals, doodles, doubles, dowels, duals, duels, durables, dwindles, eagles, edibles, editorials, embezzles, enables, enamels, encyclicals, ensembles, entrails, equals, essentials, evangelicals, evils, examples, extraterrestrials, fables, facials, faithfuls, federals, festivals, fiddles, finals, fizzles, flannels, foibles, follicles, fossils, freckles, fuels, fumbles, funerals, funnels, gables, gambles, generals, giggles, goggles, Gospels, grackles, granules, grapples, gribbles, grumbles, gunnels, guzzles, hackles, handles, hassles, heterosexuals, hobbles, homosexuals, honeysuckles, hopefuls, hovels, huddles, humbles, hurdles, hustles, hymnals, icicles, idles, idols, illegals, imperils, imponderables, individuals, industrials, infomercials, Ingles, initials, intangibles, intellectuals, internationals, intervals, invisibles, jewels, jingles, journals, juggles, jungles, juveniles, kennels, kernels, kestrels, knuckles, labels, ladles, laurels, legals, levels, liberals, locals, madrigals, mammals, mangels, maniples, manuals, Maples, marbles, marshals, marvels, materials, measles, medals, memorials, metacarpals, mickles, microfossils, minerals, mingles, minstrels, miracles, Miserables, missiles, mistrials, mobiles, models, moguls, mongols, morals, morsels, motorcycles, muddles, multinationals, multiples, Mumbles, municipals, murals, muscles, musicals, mussels, muzzles, nationals, needles, neoliberals, nestles, neutrals, nibbles, nickels, Nickles, nicols, nitriles, nobles, nondurables, nonprofessionals, noodles, nostrils, notables, novels, nozzles, numerals, observables, obstacles, officials, ogles, oodles, oracles, originals, ossicles, paddles, panels, panfuls, parables, paralegals, parcels, particles, payables, pebbles, pedals, peddles, pencils, peoples, perennials, perils, periodicals, peripherals, personals, petrels, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, physicals, Pickles, piddles, pimples, pineapples, pixels, poodles, portables, portrayals, potentials, pretzels, principals, principles, professionals, proposals, puddles, pupils, purples, puzzles, quarrels, quibbles, radials, radicals, raffles, rankles, rascals, rebels, receivables, receptacles, rectangles, recyclables, recycles, referrals, refusals, regionals, rehearsals, removals, renewals, reprisals, resembles, residuals, revels, reversals, revivals, riddles, rifles, ripples, rituals, rivals, Robles, royals, rubles, ruffles, rumbles, runkles, runnels, sables, saddles, samples, sandals, scalpels, scandals, scoundrels, scrambles, scribbles, scruples, scuffles, semifinals, sentinels, sequels, serials, shackles, shambles, shekels, shingles, shovels, shuffles, sickles, signals, singles, sorrels, sparkles, specials, spectacles, spirals, spirituals, sprinkles, squabbles, squiggles, squirrels, stables, Staples, stickles, stifles, straddles, struggles, stumbles, subprincipals, supermodels, swindles, swivels, syllables, symbols, tables, tackles, tangibles, tangles, taxables, Technicals, temples, tentacles, terminals, testicles, testimonials, thistles, tickles, timetables, tonsils, topples, towels, tramples, transsexuals, travels, trials, triangles, tribunals, trickles, trifles, triples, troubles, truffles, tumbles, tunnels, turntables, tussles, tutorials, twinkles, uncles, unicycles, unravels, untouchables, upheavals, utensils, valuables, vandals, variables, vassals, vegetables, vehicles, vessels, vials, vigils, visuals, vocals, vowels, waffles, weevils, whistles, winkles, withdrawals, wrangles, wrestles, wrinkles. |
| 5 | -e" n u l z | kennels. |
| 4 | -n u l z | annals, arsenals, biphenyls, cardinals, channels, colonels, confessionals, criminals, diagonals, finals, flannels, funnels, gunnels, hymnals, internationals, journals, juveniles, kernels, multinationals, nationals, nonprofessionals, originals, panels, personals, professionals, regionals, runnels, semifinals, sentinels, signals, terminals, tribunals, tunnels. |
| 3 | -u l z | ables, accruals, acquittals, admirals, advertorials, agrochemicals, ambles, angels, angles, animals, ankles, annuals, apostles, apples, appraisals, approvals, archangels, arrivals, articles, artiodactyls, assembles, australs, axles, baffles, bagels, balmorals, barbels, barnacles, barrels, battles, baubles, beadles, beagles, beetles, befuddles, belittles, betrayals, bibles, bicycles, bifocals, bindles, biologicals, biomaterials, bisexuals, boggles, Boodles, boondoggles, bottles, bowels, brambles, bristles, brothels, bubbles, buckles, bugles, bundles, burials, bushels, cables, camels, cancels, candles, cannibals, capitals, capitols, capsules, carnivals, carols, castles, casuals, cathedrals, cereals, chemicals, chisels, chorals, chortles, chronicles, chuckles, circles, collectibles, colonials, commercials, compatibles, constables, continentals, convertibles, corals, councils, counsels, counterproposals, couples, crackles, cradles, credentials, cripples, crumbles, crystals, cubicles, cudgels, cycles, cyclicals, cymbals, dabbles, dangles, debacles, decibels, decimals, deductibles, deferrals, denials, dentals, devils, dials, diesels, differentials, disables, disciples, dismantles, dismissals, disposables, disposals, doodles, doubles, dowels, duals, duels, durables, dwindles, eagles, edibles, editorials, embezzles, enables, enamels, encyclicals, ensembles, entitles, entrails, equals, essentials, evangelicals, evils, examples, extraterrestrials, fables, facials, faithfuls, federals, festivals, fiddles, fizzles, foibles, follicles, fossils, freckles, fuels, fumbles, funerals, gables, gambles, generals, genitals, Gentles, giggles, goggles, Gospels, grackles, granules, grapples, gribbles, grumbles, guzzles, hackles, handles, hassles, heterosexuals, hobbles, homosexuals, honeysuckles, hopefuls, hospitals, hostels, hovels, huddles, humbles, hurdles, hustles, icicles, idles, idols, illegals, immortals, imperils, imponderables, incidentals, individuals, industrials, infomercials, Ingles, initials, instrumentals, intangibles, intellectuals, intervals, invisibles, jewels, jingles, juggles, jungles, kestrels, kettles, kittles, knuckles, labels, ladles, laurels, legals, lentils, levels, liberals, littles, locals, madrigals, mammals, mangels, maniples, mantles, manuals, Maples, marbles, marshals, marvels, materials, measles, medals, memorials, metacarpals, metals, mickles, microfossils, minerals, mingles, minstrels, miracles, Miserables, missiles, mistrials, mobiles, models, moguls, mongols, morals, morsels, mortals, motorcycles, muddles, multiples, Mumbles, municipals, murals, muscles, musicals, mussels, muzzles, myrtles, needles, neoliberals, nestles, nettles, neutrals, nibbles, nickels, Nickles, nicols, nitriles, nobles, nondurables, noodles, nostrils, notables, novels, nozzles, numerals, observables, obstacles, officials, ogles, oodles, oracles, Orientals, ossicles, paddles, panfuls, parables, paralegals, parcels, particles, payables, pebbles, pedals, peddles, pedestals, pencils, peoples, perennials, perils, periodicals, peripherals, petals, petrels, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, physicals, Pickles, piddles, pimples, pineapples, pistols, pixels, poodles, portables, portals, portrayals, potentials, pretzels, principals, principles, projectiles, proposals, puddles, pupils, purples, puzzles, quarrels, quibbles, radials, radicals, raffles, rankles, rascals, rattles, rebels, rebuttals, receivables, receptacles, recitals, rectangles, recyclables, recycles, referrals, refusals, rehearsals, removals, renewals, rentals, reprisals, resembles, residuals, revels, reversals, revivals, riddles, rifles, ripples, rituals, rivals, Robles, royals, rubles, ruffles, rumbles, runkles, sables, saddles, samples, sandals, scalpels, scandals, scoundrels, scrambles, scribbles, scruples, scuffles, sequels, serials, settles, shackles, shambles, shekels, shingles, shovels, shuffles, shuttles, sickles, singles, skittles, sorrels, sparkles, specials, spectacles, spirals, spirituals, sprinkles, squabbles, squiggles, squirrels, stables, Staples, startles, stickles, stifles, straddles, struggles, stumbles, subprincipals, subtitles, supermodels, swindles, swivels, syllables, symbols, tables, tackles, tangibles, tangles, taxables, Technicals, temples, tentacles, testicles, testimonials, thistles, throttles, tickles, timetables, titles, tonsils, topples, totals, towels, tramples, transsexuals, travels, trials, triangles, trickles, trifles, triples, troubles, truffles, tumbles, turntables, turtles, tussles, tutorials, twinkles, uncles, unicycles, unravels, untouchables, upheavals, utensils, valuables, vandals, variables, varietals, vassals, vegetables, vehicles, vessels, vials, vigils, visuals, vittles, vocals, vowels, waffles, wattles, weevils, whistles, winkles, withdrawals, wrangles, wrestles, wrinkles. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-d-e-f-l-m-n-n-s-t-u" | |
-1 letter: fundamental. | |
-2 letters: fundaments. | |
-3 letters: fundament. | |
-4 letters: adulates, andantes, annulate, annulets, dalesman, defaults, fenlands, flaunted, ladanums, landsman, landsmen, leadsman, mandates, manteaus, mudflats, mundanes, nauseant, sulfated, talesman, tamandus, unfasten, unsalted. | |
-5 letters: adulate, almudes, alumnae, amulets, anadems, andante, annates, anneals, annuals, annulet, ansated, auldest, default, dentals, duennas, dunnest, dustman, dustmen, eluants, fantasm, faulted, fenland, flamens, flaunts, funnels, funnest. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-d-e-f-l-m-n-n-s-t-u" | |
+2 letters: fundamentalism, fundamentalist. | |
+3 letters: fundamentalisms, fundamentalists. | |
+4 letters: fundamentalistic. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)46 75 6E 64 61 6D 65 6E 74 61 6C 73 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)..-. ..- -. -.. .- -- . -. - .- .-.. ... |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000110 01110101 01101110 01100100 01100001 01101101 01100101 01101110 01110100 01100001 01101100 01110011 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)F u n d a m e n t a l s |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0046 0075 006E 0064 0061 006D 0065 006E 0074 0061 006C 0073 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)408780706779718086677885 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Spoken 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Orthography 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
