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Definition: Fiction |
FictionNoun1. A literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact. 2. A deliberately false or improbable account. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "fiction" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Etymology: Fiction \Fic"tion\, noun. [French expression fiction, from Latin expression fictio, from fingere, fictum to form, shape, invent, feign. See Feign.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
19th Century Satire | The Constitutional fiat that "all men are created equal." Source: Foolish Dictionary, 1904. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Fiction is the term used to describe works of information created from the imagination. This is in contrast to non-fiction, which makes factual claims about reality. Fictional works -- books, pictures, stories, fairy tales, fables, movies, comics, interactive fiction -- may be partly based on factual occurrences but always contain some imaginary content.
Fiction is largely perceived as a form of art or entertainment, although not all fiction is necessarily artistic. Fiction may be created for the purpose of educating, such as fictional examples used in school textbooks. Fiction is also frequently instrumentalized by propaganda and advertising. Fiction may be propagated by parents to their children out of tradition (e.g. Santa Claus) or as a form of control (cf. fairy tales). Frequently fiction is deliberately created with a moral goal in mind; such fables are not necessarily targeted at children.
Fiction may over time blend with factual accounts and develop into mythology; atheists typically perceive religion as no different from any fictional tale, whereas members of religious groups typically explain their beliefs with faith and claim they are fundamentally different from fictional tales (although they may call alternative religious views fictional). The sociological school of constructivism argues that every view of reality is fundamentally a construction of the self and that a safe distinction between fact and fiction is impossible, whereas the philosophy of naturalism holds that reality can be approximated and truth can be demonstrated through usefulness, allowing the distinction from fiction.
Fiction has often been the target of censorship or boycotts, escalating into book burnings or bans. Extremist regimes like the Taliban have been even more prohibitive, restricting all reading to religious texts. There is an ongoing debate regarding sexual content in fiction and whether or not juveniles can be safely exposed to it; opponents of fiction with sexual content typically label it pornography.
The Internet has had a massive impact on the distribution of fiction, calling into question the feasibility of copyright as a means to ensure the income of creators. Together with cheap and powerful home computers, it has also led to new forms of fiction, such as interactive computer games or computer-generated comics. Countless forums for fan fiction can be found online, where loyal followers of specific fictional realms create and distribute derivative stories. Through open writing systems like wikis, collaboratively written fiction is also becoming possible.
Fiction may be perceived as funny, serious, sad, fast, tense, confusing, surprising, twisted, provocative, boring, unrealistic, enlightening, addictive, manipulative, generic, beautiful, life-changing, depressing, or inspiring. Whatever one's view of specific forms of fiction may be, it cannot be denied that fiction is a fundamental part of human culture, and the ability to create fiction, or in fact any art, is frequently cited as one of the defining characteristics of humanity.
See also:
The elements of fiction:
- Fictional realm
- Fictional character
- Literature
- Film
- Novelists
- Interactive fiction
- Crime fiction
- Detective fiction
- Clerical fiction
- Spy fiction
- Science fiction
- Hard science fiction, Soft science fiction
- Science fiction author
- Social fiction
- Utopian fiction
- Utopia, Dystopia
- Post-apocalyptic science fiction
- Science fiction artists
- Aliens in fiction
- Earth in fiction
- Mars in fiction
- Planets in science fiction
- Sex in science fiction
- Women in science fiction
- Fantasy fiction
- Vampire fiction
- Horror fiction
- Horror fiction author
- Children's fiction
- Fan fiction
- Slash fiction
- Science fiction fandom
- Science fiction fanzines
Fictional things:
- plots
- subplots
- characterss
- protagonists
- antagonists
- conflicts
- climax
- resolution
- structures
- List of fictional animals
- List of fictional computers and Computers in fiction
- List of fictional battles
- List of fictional robots
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Fiction."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A genre popularized in the 19th century by artists classified as Romantics, historical fiction must be distinguished from the fiction portion of the genre of alternate history. A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events or, more generally, where the time the action takes place in predates the time of the first publication. Sir Walter Scott is usually considered the first to have used this technique, in his novels of Scottish history. Historical fiction may center on historical or fictional characters, but usually represents an honest attempt based on considerable research (or at least serious reading) to tell a story set in the historical past as understood by the author's contemporaries. Those historical settings may not stand up to the increased knowledge of later historians.Sir Walter Scott's 1820 novel Ivanhoe is an early example, as is Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1831).
Many early historical novels were important factors in the rise of European popular interest in the history of the Middle Ages. Hugo's Hunchback is often credited with fueling the movement to save Gothic architecture in France, leading to the establishment of the Monuments historiques, the French governmental authority for historical preservation.
Historical fiction has also been used to encourage movements of romantic nationalism. The novels of the Polish winner of the Nobel Prize in literature Henryk Sienkiewicz wrote several novels set in the medieval conflicts between Poles and the Teutonic Knights.
In some historical novels, the main history takes place mostly off-stage while the characters are living in the world in which those events are taking place. Robert Louis Stevenson's Kidnapped, tells mostly private adventures set against a background of the Jacobite troubles between England and Scotland.
In other historical novels, historical characters are given a fictional setting, such as Alexander Dumas's Queen Margot.
Historical fiction can serve many purposes, such as satire. George Macdonald Fraser's dashing character Harry Paget Flashman is an example of satirical historical fiction.
As opposed to popular belief, the historical novel as defined above is neither dead nor dying. Understandably, contemporary authors often prefer more recent historical periods as settings for their novels.
Some examples:
For more examples, see list of historical novels.
- Under the name William Irish, Cornell Woolrich published Waltz into Darkness (1947), which is set in New Orleans in 1880. Interestingly, in both filmed versions -- François Truffaut's La Sirène du Mississippi (Mississippi Mermaid, 1969) and Michael Cristofer's Original Sin (2001) -- the action takes place at a later point in time (and also somewhere else, for that matter).
- T.C. Boyle's The Road to Wellville (1993) narrates the story of Dr. John Harvey Kellogg, the inventor of the cornflake, and his Battle Creek Sanitarium. It is set in 1907.
- Kazuo Ishiguro's novel The Remains of the Day (1989) is set in 1956. Flashbacks explain to the reader the dubious history of (fictitious) Darlington Hall in the 1930s and its association with Nazi Germany.
- Patrick Redmond's The Wishing Game (1999) is a thrilling depiction of life in a strict and uncanny boarding school in rural Norfolk in the 1950s.
- Julie Myerson's novel Laura Blundy (2000) is set in Victorian London.
- Jonathan Coe's novel The Rotters' Club (2001) is an evocation of 1970s Britain.
See also historical whodunnit; family saga.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Historical novel."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Horror fiction is, broadly, fiction intended to scare, unsettle or horrify the reader. Although a good deal of it is about the supernatural, any fiction with a morbid, gruesome, surreal, suspenseful or frightening theme may be termed "horror"; conversely, many stories of the supernatural are not horror.
The horror novel has many antecedents, although the most obvious well-spring is the gothic novel form of Bram Stoker's Dracula, and, less obviously, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's Frankenstein. Neither of the foregoing qualify in themselves as horror novels in that their ultimate intention is more one of mood than of shock (and Ms Shelley's is also fundamentally a philosophical novel), that sudden unquantifiable moment when one's flesh writhes. Very few writers are capable of bringing this off, and many modern practitioners of the genre have resorted to progressively greater extremes of violence in order to achieve some sort of effect. Early exponents of the horror form number such luminaries as H.P. Lovecraft and Edgar Allan Poe, who were considered to be masters of the art.
Nevertheless, contemporary writers such as Clive Barker in The Books of Blood and Stephen King in his more considered work, such as Misery, are capable of bringing this off without grand guignol which characterises much of the current mainstream of this genre.
The rise of the Internet has allowed horror authors and fans to create new subsets of the genre. Numerous web based fanzines have provided a market for both amateur and professional writers which is (for better or for worse) unfettered by the tastes and judgments of the professional publishing houses.
See also:
External resources:
- Horror film
- List of horror fiction authors
- Psychological Horror
- "Supernatural Horror in Literature" essay by H. P. Lovecraft on horror fiction antecendents
- Table derived from the above
- Indiana University horror fiction discussion mailing list
- The Harrow horror zine
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Horror fiction."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The Pulitzer Prize for the Novel was replaced in 1948 with the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
1 The fiction jury voted unanimously to grant the 1974 award to Thomas Pynchon's Gravity's Rainbow, but the rest of the Pulitzer panel overturned this decision. See Gravity's Rainbow for details.
- 1948 James A. Michener - Tales of the South Pacific
- 1949 James Gould Cozzens - Guard of Honor
- 1950 A. B. Guthrie, Jr - The Way West
- 1951 Conrad Richter - The Town
- 1952 Herman Wouk - The Caine Mutiny\
- 1953 Ernest Hemingway - The Old Man and the Sea
- 1954 no award given
- 1955 William Faulkner - A Fable
- 1956 MacKinlay Kantor - Andersonville
- 1957 no award given
- 1958 James Agee - A Death In The Family
- 1959 Robert Lewis Taylor - The Travels of Jaimie McPheeters
- 1960 Allen Drury - Advise and Consent
- 1961 Harper Lee - To Kill A Mockingbird
- 1962 Edwin O'Connor - The Edge of Sadness
- 1963 William Faulkner - The Reivers
- 1964 no award given
- 1965 Shirley Ann Grau - The Keepers Of The House
- 1966 Katherine Anne Porter - Collected Stories
- 1967 Bernard Malamud - The Fixer
- 1968 William Styron - The Confessions of Nat Turner Styron
- 1969 N. Scott Momaday - House Made of Dawn
- 1970 Jean Stafford - Collected Stories
- 1971 no award given
- 1972 Wallace Stegner - Angle of Repose
- 1973 Eudora Welty - The Optimists Daughter
- 1974 no award given1
- 1975 Michael Shaara - The Killer Angels
- 1976 Saul Bellow - Humboldt's Gift
- 1977 no award given
- 1978 James Alan McPherson - Elbow Room
- 1979 John Cheever - The Stories of John Cheever
- 1980 Norman Mailer - The Executioner's Song
- 1981 John Kennedy Toole - A Confederacy of Dunces
- 1982 John Updike - Rabbit Is Rich
- 1983 Alice Walker - The Color Purple
- 1984 William Kennedy - Ironweed
- 1985 Alison Lurie - Foreign Affairs
- 1986 Larry McMurtry - Lonesome Dove
- 1987 Peter Taylor - A Summons to Memphis
- 1988 Toni Morrison - Beloved
- 1989 Anne Tyler - Breathing Lessons
- 1990 Oscar Hijuelos - The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love
- 1991 John Updike - Rabbit At Rest
- 1992 Jane Smiley - A Thousand Acres
- 1993 Robert Olen Butler - A Good Scent from a Strange Mountain
- 1994 E. Annie Proulx - The Shipping News
- 1995 Carol Shields - The Stone Diaries
- 1996 Richard Ford - Independence Day
- 1997 Steven Millhauser - Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer
- 1998 Philip Roth - American Pastoral
- 1999 Michael Cunningham - The Hours
- 2000 Jhumpa Lahiri - Interpreter of Maladies
- 2001 Michael Chabon - The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay
- 2002 Richard Russo - Empire Falls
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Pulitzer Prize for Fiction."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Science fiction is a form of fiction which deals principally with the impact of actual or imagined science upon society or individuals.
Scope
Sometimes the characters involved are not even human, but are imagined aliens or other products of Earth evolution. The term is more generally used to refer to any literary fantasy that includes a scientific factor as an essential orienting component, and even more generally used to refer to any fantasy at all. Such literature may consist of a careful and informed extrapolation of scientific facts and principles, or it may range into far-fetched areas flatly contradictory of such facts and principles. In either case, plausibility based on science is a requisite, so that such precursors of the genre as Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's Gothic novel Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus (1818) and Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) are plainly science fiction, whereas Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897), based purely on the Supernatural, is not.
Types of science fiction
Hard science fiction
Main article: Hard science fictionHard science fiction, or hard sf, is a subgenre of science fiction characterized by an interest in scientific detail or accuracy. Hard sf stories focus on the natural sciences and technological developments. Some authors scrupulously eschew such implausibilities as faster-than-light travel, while others accept such plot devices but nonetheless show a concern with a realistic depiction of the worlds that such a technology might make accessible. Character development is sometimes secondary to explorations of astronomical or physical phenomena, but other times authors make the human condition forefront in the story. However a common theme of hard sf has the resolution of the plot often hinging upon a technological point. Writers attempt to have their stories consistent with known science at the time of publication.
Soft science fiction
Main article: Soft science fictionSoft science fiction is science fiction whose plots and themes tend to focus on philosophy, psychology, politics and sociology while de-emphasizing the details of technological hardware and physical laws. It is so-called 'soft' science fiction, because these subjects are grouped together as the soft sciences or humanities. For instance, in Dune, Frank Herbert uses the plot device of a universe which has rejected conscious machines and has reverted to a feudal society. Consequently Herbert uses the Dune saga to comment about the human condition and make direct parallels to current socio-political realities. Soft science fiction may explore the reactions of societies or individuals to problems posed by natural phenomena or technological developments, but the technology will be a means to an end, not an end itself.
Other types
There are, of course, many borderline cases of works using outer-space settings and futuristic-looking technology as little more than window-dressing for tales of adventure, romance, and other typical dramatic themes; examples include Star Wars (which is considered by some diehards to be not science fiction but fantasy) and many Hollywood space operas. Some fans of hard science fiction would regard such films as fantasy, whereas the general public would probably place them squarely in the science fiction category. It has been suggested as a method of resolving this confusion that sf come to stand for Speculative fiction and thus encompass fantasy, horror, and sci-fi genres.
History of science fiction
Forerunners of science fiction
Science fiction was made possible only by the rise of modern science itself, notably the revolutions in astronomy and physics. Aside from the age-old genre of fantasy literature, which does not qualify, there were notable precursors: imaginary voyages to the moon in the 17th century, first shown in Johannes Kepler's Somnium (The Dream, 1634), then in Cyrano de Bergerac's Comical History of the States and Empires of the Moon (1656), space travel in Voltaire's Micromégas (1752), alien cultures in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels (1726), and science fiction elements in the 19th-century stories of Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Fitz-James O'Brien.
Early science fiction
The European brand of science fiction proper began, however, toward the end of the 19th century with the scientific romances of Jules Verne, whose science was rather on the level of invention, as well as the science-oriented novels of social criticism by H.G. Wells.
The development of American science fiction as a self-conscious genre dates (in part) from 1926, when Hugo Gernsback founded Amazing Stories magazine, which was devoted exclusively to science fiction stories. Since he is notable for having chosen the variant term scientifiction to describe this incipient genre, the stage in the genre's development, his name and the term "scientifiction" are often thought to be inextricably linked. Published in this and other pulp magazines with great and growing success, such scientifiction stories were not viewed as serious literature but as sensationalism.
The Golden Age
Main Article : Astounding MagazineWith the advent in 1937 of a demanding editor, John W. Campbell, Jr, of Astounding Science Fiction (founded in 1930), and with the publication of stories and novels by such writers as Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Robert Heinlein, science fiction emerged as a mode of serious fiction. Ventures into the genre by writers who were not devoted exclusively to science fiction, such as Karel Capek, Aldous Huxley, C. S. Lewis and, later, Ray Bradbury and Kurt Vonnegut Jr., also added respectability. Magazine covers of bug-eyed monsters and scantily-clad women preserved the sensational image for many, however.
The post-war era
A great boom in the popularity of science fiction followed World War II. Some science fiction works became paperback best-sellers.
The modern era
The modern era began in the mid 1960's, and the popularisation of the genre of soft science fiction. In literary terms it dates roughly from the publication of Frank Herbert's Dune in 1965, a dense, complex, and detailed work of fiction featureing political intrigue in a future galaxy, strange and mystical religious beliefs, and the eco-system of the desert planet Arrakis. While in 1966 Gene Roddenberry's Star Trek brought such science fiction to a mass audience. The original Star Trek seems out of date now, but at the time it was at the forefront of liberalism. It preached the universality and equality of humanity. It had ab attractive black officer, the first black-white kiss, a Russian officer at the height of the Cold War, an Asian officer, and even an alien officer.The field saw an increase in:
Also, technological fixes to a problem became a far rarer plot device.
- the number of writers and readers
- the breadth of subject matter
- the depth of treatment
- the sophistication of language and technique
- the political and literary consciousness of the writing.
A second generation of original and popular science fiction films begin to appear, among the most significant of which were 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), THX 1138 (1969) Close Encounters of the Third Kind, (1977), and Star Wars, (1977). (See the list of science fiction films article for a more detailed list of notable science fiction films).
The success of Star Wars was especially influential since it caused an explosive increase of interest in science fiction for several years after its release (though this has since abated, somewhat). Science fiction literature strongly benefitted from this heightened interest and science fiction or fantasy titles frequently filled the bestseller lists well into the 1980s Eventually, cultural interest in science fiction declined somewhat with cultural fatigue, flooded markets, and competition from other entertainment venues being a few of the reasons for this. Also, science fictional or fantasy "elements" began to be usurped by traditional authors and other types of media, though they were not significant enough to be classified as purely science fiction or fantasy. Today, pure science fiction or fantasy books occasionally make the bestseller lists, though, in overall numbers there are more science fiction or fantasy books published than in the past.
The influence of fantasy on the genre resulted in what is now called science fantasy. Contributions of these works to the literature of the fantastic include an awareness of irrationality and the inexplicable, the transformative force of language, and the power of myth to organize experience. Star Wars (1977) is the most powerful example of this trend.
The increasing intellectual sophistication of the genre and the emphasis on wider societal and psychological issues significantly broadened the appeal of science fiction to the reading public. Science fiction became international, extending into the then Soviet Union and other eastern European nations, where it was frequently used as a vehicle for political commentary that could not be safely published in other forms. The Polish author Stanislaw Lem is one of the non-English science fiction writers who has become widely known outside his native country. Serious criticism of the genre is now common, and science fiction is studied in colleges and universities, both as literature and in how it relates to science and society.
The principal science fiction awards are the Hugo and Nebula.
Science fiction has also been popular in radio, comic books, television, and movies; it is notable that about three-quarters of the top twenty highest grossing films (source: IMDb June 2002) are based around science-fiction or fantasy themes.
Fandom
One of the unique features of the science fiction genre is its strong fan community, of which many authors are a firm part. Many people interested in science-fiction wish to interact with others who share the same interests; over time an entire culture of science fiction fandom has evolved. Local fan groups exist in most of the English-speaking world, as well as in Japan, Europe, and elsewhere; these groups often publish their own works.Many fanzines ("fan magazines") (and a few professional ones) exist that are dedicated solely to informing the science fiction fan on all aspects of the genre. The premiere awards of science fiction, the Hugo Awards, are awarded by members of the annual Worldcon, which is almost entirely volunteer-run by fans.
Science fiction fandom often overlaps with other similar interests, such as fantasy, role playing games and the Society for Creative Anachronism.
Genres and subcategories
- Hard science fiction
- Soft science fiction
- Space opera
- Military science fiction
- Science fantasy
- Cyberpunk
- Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic science fiction
- Postcyberpunk
- Social fiction
- Clerical fiction
- Political fiction
- New Wave (science fiction)
- Alternate history
- Utopian and dystopian fiction
- Comic science fiction
- Science fiction sitcom
- Science fiction erotica
- Lesbian science fiction
- Space-rock
- Xenofiction
Related topics
- List of science fiction authors
- Women in science fiction
- Science fiction film
- Science fiction television
- List of science fiction visual artists
- Science fiction fandom
- List of science fiction awards
- Fantasy
- Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America
- Science fiction themes
- List of science fiction novels
- List of science fiction short stories
- List of science fiction television
- Sex in science fiction
- Computers in fiction
- Fictional technology
- Planets in science fiction
External links
- Internet Speculative Fiction Database
- The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction by John Clute (Ed.) and Peter Nicholls (Ed.) ISBN 031213486X
- Excellent Science Fiction Guide
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Science fiction."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| Fi-Fi | English | Finance fiction(Nel gergo dell'editoria,abbreviazione di finance fiction romanzo d'ambiente finanziario.E'un genere di successo nel quale i protagonisti d'ambo i sessi sono i nuovi maghi di u-na finanza d'assalto al limite della fantascienza). | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: FictionSynonyms: fable (n), fabrication (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Description | Work of fiction, novel, romance, Minerva press; fairy tale, nursery tale; fable, parable, apologue; dime novel, penny dreadful, shilling shocker |
Imagination | Flying Dutchman, great sea serpent, man in the moon, castle in the air, pipe dream, pie-in-the-sky, chateau en Espagne; Utopia, Atlantis, happy valley, millennium, fairyland; land of Prester John, kindgom of Micomicon; work of fiction; (novel); Arabian nights; le pot au lait; dream of Alnashar; (hope). |
Untruth | Invention, fabrication, fiction; fable, nursery tale; romance; (imagination); absurd story, untrue story, false story, trumped up story, trumped up statement; thing devised by the enemy; canard; shave, sell, hum, traveler;s tale, Canterbury tale, fairy tale, fake; claptrap. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | We must confess that your proposal seems less like science and more like science fiction. (Contact; writing credit: Carl Sagan;) These disks I hold are they a record of what will be, or only of what may? For if the future is indeed immutably foretold, then my demise is but moments away from that confirmation -- for I could not live if not the master of my fate! But, if indeed the future can be changed -- if these disks record only one path of all the myriad ways the cosmos might conform -- then their power is infinate! And yet, still limited, for they could be used but once -- and then in that change be rendered fiction forever more (Beast Wars: Transformers; writing credit: Bob Forward; Lawrence G. DiTillio) This is a pleasant fiction, is it not (Gladiator; writing credit: David Franzoni) It's located in the fiction section of the library (The Faculty; writing credit: David Wechter; Bruce Kimmel) Truth is stranger than fiction, Judgie-Wudgie (Disorder in the Court; writing credit: Felix Adler) | |
Lyrics | It's not fiction, it's surely a fact (Differences; performing artist: Ginuwine) But in the fiction of the space between (Telling Stories; performing artist: Tracy Chapman) There is fiction in the space between (Telling Stories; performing artist: Tracy Chapman) There's a science fiction in the space between (Telling Stories; performing artist: Tracy Chapman) | |
Clever | Why shouldn't truth be stranger than fiction? Fiction, after all, has to make sense. (references; author: Mark Twain) Truth is stranger than fiction, but it is because Fiction is obliged to stick to possibilities; Truth isn't. (references; author: Mark Twain) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Fiction Makers (1968) Science Fiction Theater (1955) #102 Stranger Than Fiction (1942) #89 Stranger Than Fiction (1941) #87 Stranger Than Fiction (1941) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Resembling a bizarre setting from a science fiction movie, dramatic images sent back by the ... Credit: NASA. |  | Scribner's fiction number. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Favorite authors of fiction. A popular nature faker. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Non fiction / Gwathmey. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Scribner's fiction number, August / Maxfield Parrish 1897. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Yanks in Germany want more books. Take good live fiction to the public library for immediate shipment / F. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Fiction and literature for children. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Soviet fiction gives an authentic picture of all aspects of Soviet life. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Pulp Fiction Reenactment" by Ryan Glanzer Commentary: "Two friends jokingly point a bb-gun, reminiscent of a scene in Pulp Fiction." | "Hotel Lights" by Brian Dimarucot Commentary: "Looks like something from a science fiction story..." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Science fiction space ship flight music. | | Science fiction radio turner sound effect. |
| Science fiction "computer malfunction" sound effect. | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Arthur Schopenhauer | Our first ideas of life are generally taken from fiction rather than fact. |
Doris Lessing | Space or science fiction has become a dialect for our time. |
Frederic Bastiat | Government is the great fiction, through which everybody endeavors to live at the expense of everybody else. |
Heinrich Heine | Great genius takes shape by contact with another great genius, but, less by assimilation than by fiction. |
Lord Byron | Truth is always strange, stranger than fiction. |
Oscar Wilde | Mr. Henry James writes fiction as if it were a painful duty. |
| A man's face is his autobiography. A woman's face is her work of fiction. | |
| The good ended happily, and the bad unhappily. That is what Fiction means. | |
Thomas Carlyle | Reality, if rightly interpreted, is grander than fiction. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | It was a kind of fiction, a work of the imagination only, so far as he was concerned |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Looking at the current fiction and nonfiction best sellers in the UK, there are parallels with the United States. (references) | |
As well as fiction and children's books, consumer subjects include art, biography, cookery, health, history, psychology, religion, sports, and travel. (references) | ||
For example under fiction, Tom Clancy appears in both in The New York Times, and Sunday Times top ten. (Not to mention Harry Potter!) Biographies also follow suit. There is also correlation between books and movies. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Syria | The Ministry of Culture and National Guidance censors fiction and nonfiction works, including films. (references) |
Turkmenistan | All publishing companies are state-owned and works by authors of fiction who write about particular periods of history or other topics that are out of favor with the Government are not published. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | ROMANCE, n. Fiction that owes no allegiance to the God of Things as They Are. In the novel the writer's thought is tethered to probability, as a domestic horse to the hitching-post, but in romance it ranges at will over the entire region of the imagination -- free, lawless, immune to bit and rein. Your novelist is a poor creature, as Carlyle might say -- a mere reporter. He may invent his characters and plot, but he must not imagine anything taking place that might not occur, albeit his entire narrative is candidly a lie. Why he imposes this hard condition on himself, and "drags at each remove a lengthening chain" of his own forging he can explain in ten thick volumes without illuminating by so much as a candle's ray the black profound of his own ignorance of the matter. There are great novels, for great writers have "laid waste their powers" to write them, but it remains true that far and away the most fascinating fiction that we have is "The Thousand and One Nights." |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Linda Fairstein | Long before I went to law school, and I started by doing a nonfiction book about the reforms and the work we had done, but this was a dream I'd had. And so, I started doing the fiction. This is the fifth book in the series. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Fiction" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.52% of the time. "Fiction" is used about 1,864 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.52% | 1,855 | 4,591 |
| Noun (common) | 0.32% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.16% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,864 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "fiction": legal fiction ♦ light fiction ♦ non fiction ♦ pure fiction ♦ science fiction ♦ truth is often stranger than fiction ♦ western fiction ♦ work of fiction. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "fiction": fiction-facts, fiction-film, fiction-maker, fiction-making, fiction-monger, fiction-writer, fiction-writers. | |
Ending with "fiction": non-fiction, science-fiction. | |
Containing "fiction": non-fiction book, science-fiction fandom. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "fiction"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | trillim (fable, fabrication, faddiness, invention), prozë letrare, letërsi artistike (belles lettres). (various references) | |
Arabic | قصة (account, anecdote, narration, narrative, novel, recital, report, story, tale, yarn), تخيل (conceive, dream up, envisage, fancy, feature, figure, figure to oneself, image, imagine, make believe, picture, project oneself, see, think, vision, visualization, visualize), خيال (conceit, fantasy, ghost, illusion, imagination, phantasy, shade, shadow, shape, silhouette, spectrum, spook, wraith), أدب قصصي, رواية (narration, novel, recitation, relation, romance, version). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | художествена проза (belles lettres), фикция (negation), белетристика (belles lettres), измислица (concoction, excogitation, fable, fabrication, fairy tale, fake, fib, figment, flam, hoax, invention, make believe, make up, myth, nonentity, tale, tall story, taradiddle). (various references) | |
Chinese | 虛構小說 , 小說 (novel), 小说 (Novel). (various references) | |
Czech | výmysl (contraption, fable, fabrication, fantasy, invention, shift, story), beletrie. (various references) | |
Danish | fiktionslitteratur. (various references) | |
Dutch | verdichtsel, verbeelding (arrogance, assumingness, imagination, overbearingness, presumption), fictie. (various references) | |
Esperanto | fikcio. (various references) | |
Farsi | فریب (Abusive, Cheat, Deceit, Deception, Defraud, Delusion, Humbug, Intake, Jazz, Lurch, Lure, Mace, Seducement, Sophistry, Swindle, Temptation, Wile), قصه (Marchen, Narrative, Tale), وهم (Delusion, Fancy, Mirage, Specter, Whim), خیال (Design, Dump, Fancy, Ghost, Humor, Idea, Ideology, Imaginary, Impression, Intention, Mind, Notion, Plan, Spectrum, Thought, Vision, Whim, Wraith), جعل (Fake), افسانه (Fable, Legend, Myth, Romance, Tale), اختراع (Appliance, Artifice, Contraption, Contrivance, Device, Invention), داستان (Fable, Marchen, Narrative, Story, Tale), دروغ (Bung, Fable, False, Lie, Untrue), بهانه (Alibi, Evasion, Excuse, Fetch, Mask, Peg, Plea, Pretense, Pretext, Purporst, Subterfuge). (various references) | |
Finnish | kaunokirjallisuus (belles lettres, belles-lettres, literature). (various references) | |
French | fiction. (various references) | |
Frisian | fiksje. (various references) | |
German | fiktion (figment). (various references) | |
Greek | έργο φαντασίας, μύθοσ (fable, legend, myth, tale), μυθιστόρημα (novel, romance), μυθιστοριογραφία, φαντασία (conceit, fancy, fantasy, imagination, phantasy), λογοτεχνία μυθιστορήματος. (various references) | |
Hebrew | פיקציה, בדיה (fabrication, falsehood, fib, legend), בדאי (fabricated, false, fantasy, lying), ספורת (prose), ספרות יפה. (various references) | |
Hungarian | regényirodalom (works of fiction), kitalálás (coinage, fabrication, framing, guessing). (various references) | |
Indonesian | fiksi. (various references) | |
Italian | invenzione (contrivance, fabrication, figment, invention, lie, make up, story). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 虚偽 (falsehood, untrue, vanity). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ぎさく (apocryphal work, cheap literature, forgery, spurious article, writing for amusement), フィクション , そうし (books, cadet, copybook, copy-book, creation, founding, initiating, mutual affection or love, notebook, ruffian, small shrine, Song poetry, storybook, swaggerer, young man in his prime), きょぎ (falsehood, untrue, vanity), つくりばなし (fable, fabrication, made-up story, myth), つくりごと (fabrication, lie), かくう (aerial, fanciful, overhead), いつわり (fabrication, falsehood, lie), げさく (cheap literature, inferior goods, poor manufacture, poor plan, poor quality, writing for amusement). (various references) | |
Korean | 허구. (various references) | |
Manx | far-skeealaght, far-skeeal (apologue, fable, fairy tale, romance). (various references) | |
Norwegian | skjønnlitteratur, oppdiktning, diktning. (various references) | |
Papiamen | fikshon. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ictionfay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | ficção (figment, romance). (various references) | |
Romanian | ficţiune (fabrication, negation, nonentity, romance), fantezie (day dream, fancy, fantasy, freak, imagination, make believe, phantasy, reverie), fabulã (fable, legend), roman (novel, Roman, romance), literaturã epicã, imaginaţie (fancy, imagination, make believe, phantasy), beletristicã, basm (fable, fairy tale, story, tale). (various references) | |
Russian | вымысел (concoction, excogitation, fegment, figment). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | fikcija, vrsta praznog dela, izmišljotina (fabrication, figment, flam). (various references) | |
Spanish | ficción (fabrication, invention). (various references) | |
Swedish | skönlitteratur (belles lettres). (various references) | |
Thai | บันเทิงคดี. (various references) | |
Turkish | uydurma (adjustment, apocryphal, arranging, cardboard box, coinage, colorable, concoction, fabled, fabrication, fabulous, fake, false, falsification, fib, fictitious, fictive, figment, fitting, flam, gold brick, improvisation, improvised, invention, made up, making up, mendacious, out of whole cloth, quack, tosh, trumped-up, tuning, untrue, untruth, untruthful), roman (novel, rom, Roman), masal (fable, fairy tale, romance, story, tale, yarn), kurgu (editing, fantasy, phantasy), hayâl ürünü roman, hayâl ürünü şey, düş (delusion, dream, fantasy, pink elephant, reverie). (various references) | |
Turkmen | зeper eser.Turkmen/English Dictionary 88. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | фікція (figment, negation, non-ens, nonentia, nonentity, pasteboard, tale), белетристика. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | điều tưởng tượng tiểu thuyết, điều hư cấu. (various references) | |
Welsh | ffug (affectation, bogus, false, fictitious, sham). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | poema. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | figmenti, figmento, figmentum, plasma, plasmatis, plasmatum. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | leasung. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Nehemiah Chapter 6, Verse 8 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai ap' emou eteqh gnwmh mhpote ti poihshte meta twn presbuterwn twn ioudaiwn tou oikodomhsai oikon tou qeou ekeinon kai apo uparcontwn basilewV twn forwn peran tou potamou epimelwV dapanh estw didomenh toiV andrasin ekeinoiV to mh katarghqhnai |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et misi ad eos dicens non est factum secundum verba haec quae tu loqueris de corde enim tuo tu conponis haec |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Then I sent unto him, saying, There are no such things done as thou sayest, but thou feignest them out of thine own heart. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Then I sent to him, saying, There are no such things done as thou sayest, but thou feignest them out of thy own heart. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Then I sent to him, saying, No such things as you say are being done, they are only a fiction you have made up yourself. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Nehemiah Chapter 6, Verse 8 |
| Cebuano | Unya ako nagpaadto kaniya, nga nagaingon: Walay butang nga maingon nga nabuhat sumala sa imong gipamulong, apan ikaw naglalang kanila gikan sa imong kaugalingong kasingkasing. |
| Croatian | Ali sam mu ja odgovorio: "Ništa nije tako kao što tvrdiš; sve je to samo izmišljotina tvoga srca." |
| Danish | Men jeg sendte ham det Bud: Slige Ting, som du omtaler, er slet ikke sket; det er dit eget Påfund! |
| Dutch | Doch ik zond tot hem, om te zeggen: Er is van al zulke zaken, als gij zegt, niets geschied; maar gij versiert ze uit uw hart. |
| Finnish | Silloin minä lähetin hänelle sanan: "Ei ole tapahtunut mitään semmoista, mistä puhut, vaan sinä olet keksinyt sen omasta päästäsi". |
| French | Je fis répondre à Sanballat: Ce que tu dis là n`est pas; c`est toi qui l`inventes! |
| German | Ich aber sandte zu ihm und ließ ihm sagen: Solches ist nicht geschehen, was du sagst; du hast es aus deinem Herzen erdacht. |
| Haitian Creole | Mwen voye reponn li: -Tou sa ou di la a se manti. Se ou menm menm ki fè koze a. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Tetapi aku mengirimkan jawaban ini, "Semua yang Saudara katakan itu omong kosong dan isapan jempol Saudara sendiri." |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Tetapi akupun menyuruhkan orang kepadanya mengatakan: Sepatah katapun tiada benar dari pada segala perkara yang kaukatakan itu, melainkan engkau juga yang mereka dia di dalam hatimu. |
| Italian | Ma io gli feci rispondere: «Le cose non stanno come tu dici, ma tu inventi!». |
| Maori | Katahi ahau ka unga tangata ki a ia, hei ki atu, Ehara kau enei mea e korero nei koe; he mea tito noa hoki na tou ngakau ake. |
| Norwegian | Men jeg sendte bud til ham og lot svare: Noget sådant som det du taler om, har ikke gått for sig; det er noget du selv har funnet på. |
| Portuguese | Então mandei dizer-lhe: De tudo o que dizes, coisa nenhuma sucedeu, mas tu mesmo o inventas. |
| Rumanian | Am trimes urmqtorul rqspuns lui Sanbalat: ,,Ce ai spus tu kn scrisoare nu este; tu dela tine le nqscocewti!`` |
| Russian | оП С РПУМБМ Л ОЕНХ УЛБЪБФШ: ОЙЮЕЗП ФБЛПЗП ОЕ ВЩМП, П ЮЕН ФЩ ЗПЧПТЙЫШ; ФЩ ЧЩДХНБМ ЬФП УЧПЙН ХНПН. |
| Swedish | Då sände jag bud till honom och lät svara: "Intet av det du säger har någon grund, utan det är dina egna påfund." |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "fiction": fictional, fictionalise, fictionalised, fictionalises, fictionalising, fictionalities, fictionality, fictionalization, fictionalizations, fictionalize, fictionalized, fictionalizes, fictionalizing, fictionally, fictioneer, fictioneering, fictioneerings, fictioneers, fictionist, fictionists, fictionization, fictionizations, fictionize, fictionized, fictionizes, fictionizing, fictions. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "fiction": metafiction, nonfiction. (additional references) | |
Words containing "fiction": metafictional, metafictionist, metafictionists, metafictions, nonfictional, nonfictions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Fiction" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: effictio, facetion, facktion, Factio, fantion, fation, faution, fichio, fictino, fictio, ficton, Fiktionen, Filtrona, firction, firtion, Fiston, fliction, Focion, fuction, fution, ition. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "fiction" (pronounced fi"kshun) |
| 6 | f i" k sh u n | crucifixion, nonfiction. |
| 5 | -i" k sh u n | addiction, affliction, benediction, constriction, contradiction, conviction, depiction, dereliction, diction, eviction, friction, infliction, interdiction, jurisdiction, prediction, restriction. |
| 4 | -k sh u n | faction, abstraction, abduction, action, advection, affection, attraction, auction, circumspection, collection, complexion, compunction, concoction, conduction, confection, conjunction, connection, construction, contraction, convection, correction, deconstruction, deduction, defection, destruction, detection, diffraction, direction, disaffection, disconnection, disinfection, dissatisfaction, dissection, distinction, distraction, dysfunction, ejection, election, erection, exaction, extinction, extraction, flexion, fraction, function, imperfection, inaction, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infraction, injection, injunction, inspection, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interconnection, interjection, intersection, introduction, introspection, junction, liposuction, liquefaction, malfunction, midsection, objection, obstruction, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, perfection, predilection, preelection, production, projection, protection, reaction, recollection, reconstruction, redirection, reduction, reelection, reflection, reinspection, reintroduction, rejection, reproduction, resurrection, retraction, sanction, satisfaction, section, seduction, selection, subsection, subtraction, suction, traction, transaction, transection. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fission, abrogation, absolution, absorption, academician, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abolition, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, acquisition, activation, adaptation, addition, adjudication, administration, admiration, admission, admonition, adoption, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, ambition, amelioration, ammunition, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, apparition, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attribution, attrition, audition, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, clinician, coagulation, coalition, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cognition, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commission, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, competition, compilation, completion, complication, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, condition, confabulation, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraption, contribution, contrition, convention, conversation, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decommission, decomposition, decompression, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, definition, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demolition, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, dentition, denuclearization, denunciation, depletion, depopulation, deportation, deposition, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, dietitian, differentiation, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, discoloration, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disposition, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distortion, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, edition, education, egyptian, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrician, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emission, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erudition, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhibition, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, expedition, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, exposition, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extortion, extradition, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, freshen, fruition, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, geriatrician, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, ignition, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, imposition, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, inhibition, initiation, innovation, inoculation, inquisition, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, interception, intercession, intermission, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, intuition, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, juxtaposition, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, logician, lotion, lubrication, machination, magician, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malnutrition, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, mathematician, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mission, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, mortician, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, munition, musician, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, nutrition, obfuscation, obligation, observation, obsession, obstetrician, occupation, ocean, omission, operation, opposition, oppression, optician, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, partition, passion, pasteurization, patrician, pediatrician, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perforation, permission, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, petition, physician, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politician, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, precondition, predestination, predisposition, preemption, prefabrication, preignition, premeditation, premonition, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, prohibition, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recognition, recommendation, reconciliation, recondition, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redefinition, redemption, redistribution, reeducation, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reimposition, reincarnation, reincorporation, reintegration, reinterpretation, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remission, remuneration, renationalization, rendition, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, repetition, replication, reposition, repossession, representation, repression, repudiation, reputation, requisition, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, resumption, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retransmission, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, secession, secretion, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, sedition, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, statistician, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, submission, subordination, subscription, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, suburbanization, succession, suffocation, summation, superstation, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, tactician, taxation, technician, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, theoretician, titian, titillation, toleration, tradition, transcription, transformation, transgression, transillumination, transition, translation, transmission, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, tuition, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, volition, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-f-i-i-n-o-t" | |
-1 letter: confit. | |
-2 letters: ficin, ionic, ontic, tonic. | |
-3 letters: cion, coft, coif, coin, coni, fico, fino, foci, foin, font, icon, info, inti, into, otic. | |
-4 letters: con, cot, fin, fit, fon, ion, nit, not, oft, tic, tin, ton. | |
-5 letters: if, in, it, no, of, on, ti, to. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-f-i-i-n-o-t" | |
+1 letter: fictions, friction, pontific. | |
+2 letters: fictional, frictions, infection, inflictor, officiant. | |
+3 letters: affliction, fantoccini, fasciation, fictioneer, fictionist, fictionize, frictional, infarction, infections, infectious, inflection, infliction, inflictors, infraction, nonfiction, officiants, omnificent, pontifical, pontifices, proficient. | |
+4 letters: afflictions, bifurcation, coefficient, conflicting, confliction, conflictive, countrified, deification, diffraction, disfunction, edification, fabrication, factorizing, fasciations, fascination, fibronectin, fictionally, fictioneers, fictionists, fictionized, fictionizes, fornicating, fornication, fractioning, functioning, infarctions, inflections, inflictions, informatics, infractions, interoffice, metafiction, misfunction, nonfictions, officiating, officiation, pontificals, pontificate, proficients, reification, reinfection, unification. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Usage Frequency 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Bible Trace 20. Abbreviations | 21. Acronyms 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
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