Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Wrench |
WrenchNoun1. A sharp strain on muscles or ligaments; "the wrench to his knee occurred as he fell"; "he was sidelined with a hamstring pull". 2. A jerky pulling movement. 3. A hand tool that is used to hold or twist a nut or bolt. Verb1. Twist or pull violently or suddenly, esp. so as to remove (something) from that to which it is attached; "wrench a window off its hinges"; "wrench oneself free from somebody's grip"; also metaphorically: "a deep sigh was wrenched from his chest". 2. Make a sudden twisting motion. 3. Twist and compress, as if in pain or anguish; "Wring one's hand". 4. Twist suddenly so as to sprain; "wrench one's ankle"; "The wrestler twisted his shoulder"; "the hikers sprained their ankles when they fell"; "I turned my ankle and couldn't walk for several days". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "wrench" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Mechanical Engineering | A hand tool for gripping and turning a nut or the head of a bolt or screw. It consists of a handle at the end of which is either a female part-two jaws or a sleeve-or a male part-an extremity of polygonal section or one or two hook-like projections. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A wrench or spanner is a tool used to turn bolts or other hard-to-turn items. There are many types of wrench, including the:
- open-ended spanner: a one-piece spanner that grips two opposite faces of the nut
- adjustable spanner/wrench: an open-ended spanner/wrench with adjustable (usually smooth) jaws
- monkey wrench: adjustable wrench with serrated jaws (depicted above right)
- ring spanner: a one-piece spanner that encloses the nut on all sides
- combination spanner: a double-ended tool with an open-ended spanner at one end and a ring spanner at the other
- spoke wrench
- Allen wrench
- hand wrench
- pipe wrench
- strap or chain wrench: a self-tightening strap or chain attached to a handle, used to grip and turn smooth cylindrical objects
- oil-filter wrench: a type of chain wrench for removing cylindrical oil filters
- socket spanner/wrench: a hollow cylinder that fits over one end of a nut
- box spanner: a tube with a socket formed at one end, that can reach a nut at the bottom of a hole or in a restricted space
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Wrench."
Synonyms: WrenchSynonyms: pull (n), spanner (n), rick (v), sprain (v), turn (v), twist (v), wrick (v), wring (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Circuition | Turning; Verb: wrench; evolution; coil, corkscrew. |
Disjunction | Sunder, divide, subdivide, sever, dissever, abscind; circumcise; cut; incide, incise; saw, snip, nib, nip, cleave, rive, rend, slit, split, splinter, chip, crack, snap, break, tear, burst; rend; rend asunder, rend in twain; wrench, rupture, shiver, cranch, crunch, craunch, chop; cut up, rip up; hack, hew, slash; whittle; haggle, hackle, discind, lacerate, scamble, mangle, gash, hash, slice. |
Extraction | Verb: extract, draw; take out, draw out, pull out, tear out, pluck out, pick out, get out; wring from, wrench; extort; root up, weed up, grub up, rake up, root out, weed out, grub out, rake out; eradicate; pull up by the roots, pluck up by the roots; averruncate; unroot; uproot, pull up, extirpate, dredge. |
Evulsion, avulsion; wrench; expression, squeezing; extirpation, extermination; ejection; export; (egress). | |
Regression | Wrench, jerk, twitch, touse; yank. |
Taking | Take from, take away from; disseize; deduct; retrench; (curtail); dispossess, ease one of, snatch from one's grasp; tear from, tear away from, wrench from, wrest from, wring from; extort; deprive of, bereave; disinherit, cut off with a shilling. |
Clutch, swoop, wrench; grip; (retention); haul, take, catch; scramble. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Wrench |
| English words defined with "wrench": Allen wrench, alligator wrench ♦ Betty, box end wrench, box wrench, brace wrench, bulldog wrench ♦ Carriage wrench, chain tongs, chain wrench ♦ dog wrench, Dwang ♦ hook spanner, hook wrench ♦ Key wrench ♦ lag bolt, lag screw, lug wrench ♦ machine bolt, monkey wrench, monkeywrench ♦ open-end wrench ♦ pin wrench, pipe wrench, pull ♦ S wrench, S.O.P., S/N, screw key, screw wrench, socket wrench, sparkplug wrench, Stillson wrench ♦ tap wrench, tappet wrench, torque wrench, tube wrench, twist ♦ Wrench hammer, Wrenched. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "wrench": Crescent adjustable wrench, Crescent wrench, cylinder wrench ♦ parmalee wrench. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "wrench": trunk. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I used to go with the wrench. (Good Will Hunting; writing credit: Matt Damon; Ben Affleck) The wrench! (Entrapment; writing credit: Ronald Bass; Michael Hertzberg) You don't know a monkey wrench from a monkey's ass. (Everybody Loves Raymond; writing credit: Joe Bolster) | |
Lyrics | You do you brain surgery too, with a monkey wrench (Little Miss Can't Be Wrong; performing artist: Spin Doctors) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Pardon My Wrench (1953) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Sec. Daniels receiving check from Maj. Evelyn Wrench. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Roughnecks leaning on the wrench to tighten the joint in the pipe, oil well, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
![]() | ![]() |
| "Wrench" by Niki Michailov Commentary: "Small wrench." | "Ratchet wrench 2" by Annette Gulick Commentary: "A ratchet wrench." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Tools, a shovel and saw and wrench and pliers |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Wrench" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 49.69% of the time. "Wrench" is used about 161 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 49.69% | 80 | 37,112 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 37.89% | 61 | 43,149 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 6.83% | 11 | 106,044 |
| Noun (proper) | 5.59% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Total | 100.00% | 161 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "wrench" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Wrench | Last name | 300 | 24,080 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "wrench": adjustable end wrench ♦ adjustable wrench ♦ allen wrench ♦ Alligator wrench ♦ box end wrench ♦ box wrench ♦ brace wrench ♦ bulldog wrench ♦ Carriage wrench ♦ chain wrench ♦ Crescent adjustable wrench ♦ Crescent wrench ♦ Crescent wrench transversely adjustable ♦ cross box wrench ♦ crossed box wrench ♦ cylinder wrench ♦ dog wrench ♦ double head wrench ♦ faucet wrench ♦ give a wrench to ♦ hexagon wrench ♦ hexagon wrench key ♦ hexagonal wrench ♦ hook wrench ♦ Hose wrench ♦ Key wrench ♦ King Dick wrench ♦ lug wrench ♦ monkey wrench ♦ nut wrench ♦ open end wrench ♦ pin wrench ♦ pipe wrench ♦ S wrench ♦ screw wrench ♦ screw wrench with one adjustable jaw ♦ single end wrench ♦ socket wrench ♦ spanner wrench ♦ sparkplug wrench ♦ Stillson wrench ♦ tap wrench ♦ tappet wrench ♦ torque wrench ♦ tube wrench ♦ wrench a lock ♦ wrench for hexagon socketed screws ♦ wrench for socketed screws ♦ wrench free ♦ wrench hammer ♦ wrench key ♦ wrench loose ♦ wrench one's ankle ♦ wrench oneself free ♦ wrench open ♦ wrench smth. away from smb. ♦ wrench smth. from smb. ♦ wrench the door open. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "wrench": wrench-related. | |
Ending with "wrench": auto-wrench, monkey-wrench. | |
Containing "wrench": throw a monkey-wrench in the works. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
torque wrench | 414 | richardson wrench | 24 |
wrench | 255 | met wrench | 22 |
impact wrench | 136 | science wrench | 22 |
it u wrench | 102 | proto wrench | 21 |
gear wrench | 98 | it wrench | 21 |
allen wrench | 89 | cordless impact wrench | 20 |
spanner wrench | 61 | wrench head | 19 |
monkey wrench gang | 57 | basin wrench | 19 |
hydraulic torque wrench | 45 | spud wrench | 18 |
oil filter wrench | 45 | hex wrench | 18 |
monkey wrench | 45 | lug wrench | 18 |
electric impact wrench | 43 | flare nut wrench | 17 |
multi tool wrench | 41 | combination wrench | 16 |
socket wrench | 41 | chain wrench | 16 |
pipe wrench | 40 | air impact wrench | 15 |
wrench set | 37 | pneumatic torque wrench | 15 |
crescent wrench | 36 | allen kill wrench | 15 |
strap wrench | 28 | liquid wrench | 15 |
adjustable wrench | 26 | proto torque wrench | 14 |
ratchet wrench | 25 | torx wrench | 13 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "wrench"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | sleutel (key). (various references) | |
Albanian | tërheq fort (strain, yank), shtrembëroj fjalët, pikëllim (affliction, dolor, dolour, grief, heartache, sorrow), përdredhje (convolution, curl, kink, Rick, sprain, squirm, torsion, turn, twist, wrick), ndrydhje (compression, constriction, dislocation, jaw, Rick, sprain, suppression, wrick), ndrydh (check, clench, constrain, dislocate, jam, sprain, stifle, subdue, suppress, turn, vice, wrick), dëmtoj (affect, batter, blast, blight, break, concuss, cripple, damage, damnify, deface, disorder, do harm, harm, hurt, impair, injure, kill, make mischief, mess, nip, prejudice, scathe, spoil, vitiate), çelës (clef, clue, key, knob, picklock, spanner). (various references) | |
Arabic | مفتاح البراغي (spanner), ملوي, لوى (bend, bent, contort, curl, flex, incline, screw, turn, twist, wring, writhe, wry), وجع (ache, ail, distress, fell, gripe, inflict, pain, soreness), سحب بقوة (tug), عذب (agonize, agreeable, bedevil, benign, charming, chasten, crucify, devil, dulcet, freshen, grilled, harrow, harry, hearty, leisurely, liquid, murder, palmy, persecute, pillory, plague, quiet, rack, rack one's brains, scourge, silken, silky, sleek, smite, smooth, smooth spoken, soft, suave, sweet, sympathetic, tantalize, tease, tender, torment, torture, wring), ألم (ache, distress, hurt, infirmity, inflict, misery, pain, smart, soreness, sufferance, suffering), أسى شديد, شوه (assassinate, blemish, color, colour, deface, defile, deform, denigrate, distort, falsify, garble, harm, maim, mangle, mar, misrepresent, mutilate, pervert, queer, skew, slant, slur, spoil, tinker, torment, torture, twist, warp). (various references) | |
Bavarian | schlissel (key). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | гаечен ключ (spanner), внезапно силно извъртяване, внезапно силно извиване, внезапно силно дръпване, навяхване (sprain, twist), навяхвам (slip, sprain, strain, twist, wrick), болка причинена от раздяла, преиначавам (falsify, slant), изтръгвам (elicit, extort, get, milk, pull out, rip out, root from, snatch, tear out, uproot, wrest, yank), изкълчване (dislocation, luxation, sprain), изкълчвам (disjoint, dislocate, luxate, put out, slip, sprain), извращавам (contort, deform, distort, pervert, strain), дръпвам силно (yank). (various references) | |
Catalan | clau (key). (various references) | |
Chinese | 螺旋鉗 , 扳手 (lever, spanner), 扳子 (spanner), 板钳. (various references) | |
Czech | vyvrtnutí (sprain), vymknutí (dislocation, sprain), vymknout (dislocate, sprain), vykroutit, trhnutí (jerk, jolt, pluck, pull, recoil, start, yank), trhnout (jerk, twitch, yank), toèení (spin, swing, turning, twist), překroutit (distort, falsify, garble, misinterpret, misrepresent, pervert, skew, twist), kroucení (roll, torsion, tortuosity, wiggle, wriggle), škubnout (flinch, twitch, yank). (various references) | |
Danish | nøgle (key). (various references) | |
Dutch | sleutel (clef, key). (various references) | |
Esperanto | ŝlosilo (key). (various references) | |
Faeroese | lykil (key). (various references) | |
Farsi | پیچ خوردن (Loop, Sprain, Wreathe, Wry), پیچ دادن (Flex, Hurtle, Screw, Strain, Tweak), چرخش (Evolution, Gyration, Revolution, Roll, Swirl, Troll, Tumble, Turquoise, Twirl, Wheel, Whirl, Wrest), تند (Caustic, Discourteous, Fast, Glassy, Harsh, Hasty, Headlong, Heady, Hot, Inflammable, Intensive, Keen, Paregoric, Peppery, Presto, Pungent, Quick, Racy, Rapid, Rash, Slush, Sour, Spicy, Tart, Transient, Violent, Virulent, Yare), عمل تندووحشیانه , اچارفرانسه , اچار (Complex, Spanner). (various references) | |
Finnish | temmata (jerk, pull), ruuviavain (spanner), riistää (deprive bereave, dispossess, exploit, rob, take, tear). (various references) | |
French | clef (adjustable wrench), clé à écrous (nut wrench, screw wrench). (various references) | |
Frisian | kaai (key, platform, quay, wharf). (various references) | |
German | Schraubenschlüssel (adjustable wrench, screw-wrench, spanner, spanners), Schlüssel (cipher, clef, clefs, code, key, key's, passport, ratio, spanner, tools), reißen (be draughty, crack, drag, draw, jerk, jolt, pull, rend, rent, rip, shake, snap, snatch, tear, to rip, tug, yank). (various references) | |
Greek | κλειδί σύσφιξης (nut wrench, screw key, screw wrench, spanner), κλειδί βίδασ, κλειδί τύπου διχάλας (spanner), κοχλιοστρόφιο, στρέφω (jibe, obvert, swivel, turn, veer, wind), στρεβλώ, στραμπούληγμα, στραμπουλίζω (sprain, strain, twist, wrench one's leg), γαλλικό κλειδί (spanner), βίαια στροφή, βίαιο τράβηγμα, αποσπώ (abstract, break off, detach, distract, elicit, extort, extract, pluck, pry, pull, tease out, unfix, wean 1, wean 2, wrest, wring), διαστρέφω (belie, contort, distort, garble, pervert, twist, vitiate, warp). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | çelës (key). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מפתח ברגים (spanner), לסלף (distort, falsify, garble, misrepresent, parody, pervert, skew, twist, wrest), לנקוע (dislocate, sprain, strain), כאב (ache, grief, hurt, malady, pain, soreness, suffering, torment, torture). (various references) | |
Hungarian | villáskulcs, franciakulcs (adjustable spanner, monkey wrench, monkey-wrench, pipe wrench), ficam (abarticulation, luxation, Rick, sprain). (various references) | |
Icelandic | lykill (key). (various references) | |
Indonesian | renggutan (yank), kunci inggris (monkey wrench), engkol (crank). (various references) | |
Irish | eochair (key). (various references) | |
Italian | chiave (adjustable, adjustable wrench, clef, key, passport, spanner, stop). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | スパイ罪 (crime of espionage, fastball, ink spattering, slowing down, spaghetti, spaghetti meat sauce, spaghetti Western, span, span of control, spangle, Spanish, Spanish America, spanner, Spartacus Games, spasm, spats, spatula, speaker, speaker unit, speech, speech therapist, speech therapy, speed, speed ball, speed limit, speed skating, speed up, speed-gun, speedometer, speedway, speedy, spot, student slang for the restaurant chain "Spaghetti Factory", thank you). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | スパナ (spanner). (various references) | |
Korean | 렌치 (Wrenched, Wrenching). (various references) | |
Lombard | ciav (key). (various references) | |
Malay | kunci (key). (various references) | |
Manx | rinse (spanner), cassey (change, curl, distort, flick, flounce, involve, pervert, screw, spin, squirm, swing, swirl, tangle, turn, turn over, twist, warp, whip-round, wring). (various references) | |
Norwegian | nøkkel (key). (various references) | |
Papiamen | yabi (key). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | enchwray.(various references) | |
Portuguese | chave (cottar, cottier, key, keystone, secret, spanner). (various references) | |
Romanian | strângere de inimã, smulgere (avulsion, evulsion, pluck), smulge din (switch), smuciturã (flounce, hitch, jerk, jolt, tug, twitch, wring), smuci (hitch, lug, pull up, tug, twitch, worry), scrântire (dislocation, sprain), scrânti (dislocate, luxate, sprain), scoate cu forţã, rãsucire (contortion, convolution, torsion, twist, winding, wriggle, wring), rãstãlmãci vorbele cuiva, entorsã (Crick, sprain, twist), denatura faptele (garble). (various references) | |
Russian | ключ (clef, clue, fountain-head, key, spring), гаечный ключ (spanner), вывертывать, вывихнуть (disjoint, dislocate, luxate, put out), вывих (dislocation, luxation, twist), искажение (contortion, deformation, distortion, falsification, misrepresentation, mutilation, perturbation, perversion). (various references) | |
Scottish | iuchair (a key, key, the roe). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | uganuti (luxate, sprain, twist, wrick), uganuće (luxation, sprain, twist, wrick), trzaj (hitch, jerk, lunge, lurch, snatch, start, tug, twitch, wince, yank), ključ (key), istrgnuti (pluck out, wrest), iščašiti (disjoin, disjoint, dislocate, luxate, sprain, twist), iščašenje (dislocation, luxation, sprain, twist), bol (ache, aching, affliction, anguish, dolor, dolour, grief, misery, pain, pang). (various references) | |
Shona | bhobhojani (monkey wrench). (various references) | |
Spanish | llave (adjustable wrench, brace, faucet, key, lock, piston, piston valve, spanner, tap), llave inglesa (monkey wrench, monkey-wrench, shifting spanner, spanner). (various references) | |
Sranan | sroto (key). (various references) | |
Swahili | ufunguo (key). (various references) | |
Swazi | bhobhojáne. (various references) | |
Swedish | skiftnyckel (monkey wrench, spanner), rycka (hitch, jerk, lug, March, move, pluck, pull, switch, tug, twitch, wrest, yank). (various references) | |
Tagalog | susì (key). (various references) | |
Turkish | zorla almak (exact, extort, grab, rape, reave, Rob, snatch, squeeze, usurp, wrench smth. away from smb., wrench smth. from smb., wrest, wring), yanlış yorumlamak (give a wrench to, misconstrue, misinterpret, misread, warp), ters anlamak (get hold the wrong end of the stick, get it wrong, give a wrench to, misunderstand, spell backward, take a word in the wrong sense, take amiss, wrest from meaning), ingiliz anahtarı (monkey wrench, screw wrench, spanner), burkulma (Rick, sprain, strain, twist, wrick), burkmak (distort, luxate, Rick, sprain, strain, turn, twist, wrick), burkma (sprain, twist), bükmek (bend, buckle, contort, crook, curl, curl up, curve, distort, double, entwine, entwist, flex, fold, fold down, hook, inflect, intwine, spring, strand, throw, twine, twist, wind up, wrest, wring), bükme (bend, bending, contortion, curl, twist, wring), bükülme (contortion, distorsion, flection, flexion, Rick, torsion, twist, wrick), ayrılış acısı, asılmak (accost, be suspended, hang, hang down, hang on, make advances to smb., philander, pull, rush, solicit, swing, tug), anahtar (cipher, clef, clew, clue, cotter, key, spanner, switch), çarpıtmak (angle, color, colour, contort, distort, garble, make awry, make crooked, pervert, skew, slant, strain, torture, twist, warp, wrest, wring). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | сіпати (lug, pluck, twitch), сіпання (lug, pull, tug, twitch, yank), смикання (pluck), рвати (lacerate, pull, rend, rip, tear), гайковий ключ (spanner), викручувати (twist), викривляти (contort, crook, screw), вивихнути (dislocate), вивих (contortion, dislocation), звих, закручувати (curl), перекручення (distortion, garble, mutilation, perversion). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự xoắn (torsion, twist), sự vặn mạnh, sự giật mạnh sự trật. (various references) | |
Zulu | ukhiye (key), isikhiye (key). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | clavis, convulsa, convulsam, extorqueo. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "wrench": wrenched, wrenches, wrenching, wrenchingly. (additional references) | |
| |
"Wrench" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Rench, Rensch, wency, wrank, wrency, wrenk, wrink, wrocht. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "wrench" (pronounced re"nkh) |
| 4 | r e" n kh | drench, entrench, french, retrench, trench. |
| 3 | -e" n kh | bench, clench, quench, stench, tench. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-e-h-n-r-w" | |
-1 letter: wench. | |
-2 letters: chew, crew, hern, hewn, when, wren. | |
-3 letters: ern, hen, her, hew, new, rec, wen. | |
-4 letters: eh, en, er, he, ne, re, we. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-e-h-n-r-w" | |
+1 letter: wencher, wincher. | |
+2 letters: wenchers, winchers, wrenched, wrenches. | |
+3 letters: charwomen, chinaware, rechewing, workbench, wrenching. | |
+4 letters: chairwomen, chinawares, chowdering, cowpuncher, whickering. | |
+5 letters: anchorwomen, benchwarmer, checkrowing, churchwomen, cowpunchers, kitchenware, workbenches, wrenchingly. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Usage Frequency 11. Names: Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.