Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Vellum |
VellumNoun1. A heavy creamy-colored paper resembling parchment. 2. Fine parchment prepared from the skin of a young animal e.g. a calf or lamb. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "vellum" was first used: sometime around 1430. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Industry | Prepared from the skins of new-born calves. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | Paper which as a result of treatment with sulphuric acid has a dense, hard structure and is thus resistant to the penetration of organic substances such as fat and oils and is resistant to decomposition even in boiling water. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Vellum was originally a translucent or opaque material produced from calfskin that had been soaked, limed and unhaired, and then dried at normal temperature under tension, usually on a wooden device called a stretching frame. Today, however, vellum is generally defined as a material made from calfskin, sheepskin, or virtually any other skin obtained from a relatively small animal, e.g., antelope. Some authorities do not even distinguish between vellum and parchment, although traditionally the former was made from an unsplit calfskin, and consequently had a grain pattern on one side (unless removed by scraping). while the latter was produced from the flesh split of a sheepskin, and consequently had no grain pattern. The important distinction between vellum (or parchment) and leather is that the former is not tanned but is prepared essentially by soaking the skin in lime and drying it under tension.Most medieval manuscripts, whether illuminated or not, were written on vellum. Uterine vellum was made in the 13th and 14th centuries from the skins of unborn or still-born animals.
Limp vellum or limp-parchment bindings were used frequently in the 16th and 17th centuries, and were sometimes gilt but were also often not embellished. In later centuries vellum has been more commonly used like leather, that is, as the covering for stiff board bindings. Vellum can be stained virtually any color but seldom is, as a great part of its beauty and appeal rests in its faint grain and hair markings, as well as its warmth and simplicity.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Vellum."
Synonym: VellumSynonym: Parchment. (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Writing | Stationery; pen, quill, goose quill; pencil, style; paper, foolscap, parchment, vellum, papyrus, tablet, slate, marble, pillar, table; blackboard; ink bottle, ink horn, ink pot, ink stand, ink well; typewriter. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Vellum |
| English words defined with "vellum": Forrill ♦ Stamp act ♦ Vellum cloth, Vellumy. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "vellum": DRAFTER, AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN LAYOUT ♦ Vaticanus, Codex. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Dharmam Vellum (1989) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| "Vellum" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Vellum" is used about 88 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 88 | 35,154 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "vellum": vellum cloth ♦ vellum paper. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "vellum": vellum-bound, vellum-covered, vellum-faced. | |
Ending with "vellum": ice-vellum. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
vellum paper | 287 |
vellum | 267 |
vellum envelope | 101 |
vellum invitation | 33 |
birth announcement vellum | 23 |
vellum wedding invitation | 19 |
translucent vellum | 16 |
paper printed vellum | 15 |
printed vellum | 15 |
ashlar vellum | 15 |
clearprint vellum | 13 |
plotter vellum | 12 |
bag vellum | 11 |
printing on vellum | 11 |
parchment vellum | 10 |
scrapbooking vellum | 9 |
vellum overlay | 9 |
vellum craft | 8 |
silver vellum | 7 |
vellum magazine | 7 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "vellum"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | letër e lëmuar (vellum paper). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | الورق الرقي, الرق جلد للكتابة. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | ръкопис на велен, тънък пергамент, копирна хартия (blueprint, tracing paper), велен, паус (tracing paper). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 犊皮纸. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | pergamen (parchment, vellum paper). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | vellum, velin, vegetabilsk pergament (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment), pergamentpapir (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | velijn (wove paper), plantaardig perkament (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment), perkamentpapier (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment), perkament (parchment, parchment-dressed leather, raw hide, rawhide). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | پوست گوساله (Calfskin), کاغذپوست گوساله , رق . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | pergamenttipaperi (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | vélin. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Velin, Pergament (genuine parchment, parchment, parchment paper, parchment-dressed leather, vegetable parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | περγαμηνή (genuine parchment, parchment, parchment paper, sheep's-skin, vegetable parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | pergamen (parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | velino, pergamena vegetale (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment), pergamena (parchment, parchment-dressed leather, scroll), carta pergamenata (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment), carta pergamena (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 模 紙 (imitation Japanese vellum). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | もぞうし (imitation Japanese vellum). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | crackan screeuee (parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ellumvay velino. (various references) pergament (panel, parchment, sheepskin). (various references) пергамент (parchment). (various references) najfiniji pergament (vellum paper). (various references) vitela. (various references) vegetabiliskt pergament (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment), pergamentpapper (genuine parchment, parchment paper, vegetable parchment). (various references) tirşe (parchment), parşömen kâğıdı (parchment, vegetable parchment), parşömen (parchment, sheepskin). (various references) рукопис на пергаменті, калька (tracing), пергамент (sheepskin). (various references) giấy thuộc bản viết trên giấy da bê, giấy da bê. (various references) memrwn (parchment). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Old French | 900-1400 | vel, veel. (various references) |
| Middle French | 1400-1600 | velin. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "vellum": vellums. (additional references) | |
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"Vellum" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Ellum, elum, feel'um, Mellum, Rellum, valum, velim, vellem, Velleman, vello, vellom, vellus, vellux, velm, velon, Velu, velun, velux, vilum, volum. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "vellum" (pronounced 'Vel"lum'): Asylum, Cerebellum, Coelum, Collum, Corallum, Cribellum, Epiphyllum, Flabellum, flagellum, Glabellum, Haustellum, hilum, hoodlum, Intervallum, Involucellum, Labellum, Mesophyllum, Peplum, Podophyllum, Postscutellum, Rostellum, Sacellum, Scutellum, Sigillum, Skellum, Specollum, spirillum, Vallum, Veretillum, Vexillum. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-l-l-m-u-v" | |
-1 letter: velum. | |
-2 letters: mell, mule, mull. | |
-3 letters: ell, elm, emu, leu, lev, lum, luv, mel. | |
-4 letters: el, em, me, mu, um. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-l-l-m-u-v" | |
+1 letter: vellums. | |
+2 letters: vexillum. | |
+4 letters: marvellous, multilevel. | |
+5 letters: emulatively, impulsively, marvelously, multivalent, multivolume. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)56 65 6C 6C 75 6D |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)...- . .-.. .-.. ..- -- |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010110 01100101 01101100 01101100 01110101 01101101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)V e l l u m |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0056 0065 006C 006C 0075 006D |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)567178788779 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Translations: Ancient 11. Derivations 12. Rhymes | 13. Anagrams 14. Orthography 15. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
