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UUENCODE

Specialty Definition: UUENCODE

DomainDefinition

Computing

Uuencode Unix program for encoding binary data as ASCII. Uuencode was originally used with uucp to transfer binary files over serial lines which did not preserve the top bit of characters but is now used for sending binary files by e-mail and posting to Usenet newsgroups etc. The program uudecode reverses the effect of uuencode, recreating the original binary file exactly. Uuencoded data starts with a line of the form begin where is the files read/write/execute permissions as three octal digits and is the name to be used when recreating the binary data. Uuencode repeatedly takes in a group of three bytes, adding trailing zeros if there are less than three bytes left. These 24 bits are split into four groups of six which are treated as numbers between 0 and 63. Decimal 32 is added to each number and they are ouput as ASCII characters which will lie in the range 32 (space) to 32+63 = 95 (underscore). Each group of sixty ouptut characters (corresponding to 45 input bytes) is output as a separate line preceded by an 'M' (ASCII code 77 = 32+45). At the end of the input, if there are N output characters left after the last group of sixty and N>0 then they will be preceded by the character whose code is 32+N. Finally, a line containing just a single space is output, followed by one containing just "end". Sometimes each data line has an extra dummy character added to avoid problems which mailers that strip trailing spaces. These characters are ignored by uudecode. Despite using this limited range of characters, there are still some problems encountered when uuencoded data passes through certain old computers. The worst offenders are computers using non-ASCII character sets such as EBCDIC. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Uuencode

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Uuencode started out as a Unix program for encoding binary data as ASCII. Uuencode was originally used with uucp to transfer binary files over serial lines which did not preserve the top bit of characters but is now used for sending binary files by e-mail and posting to usenet newsgroups etc. The program uudecode reverses the effect of uuencode, recreating the original binary file exactly.

Uuencoded data starts with a line of the form:

begin
where is the files read/write/execute permissions as three octal digits and is the name to be used when recreating the binary data.

Uuencode repeatedly takes in a group of three bytes, adding trailing zeros if there are less than three bytes left. These 24 bits are split into four groups of six which are treated as numbers between 0 and 63. Decimal 32 is added to each number and they are ouput as ASCII characters which will lie in the range 32 (space) to 32+63 = 95 (underscore). Each group of sixty ouptut characters (corresponding to 45 input bytes) is output as a separate line preceded by an 'M' (ASCII code 77 = 32+45). At the end of the input, if there are N output characters left after the last group of sixty and N>0 then they will be preceded by the character whose code is 32+N. Finally, a line containing just a single space is output, followed by one containing just "end".

Sometimes each data line has an extra dummy character added to avoid problems which mailers that strip trailing spaces. These characters are ignored by uudecode.

Despite using this limited range of characters, there are still some problems encountered when uuencoded data passes through certain old computers. The worst offenders are computers using non-ASCII character sets such as EBCDIC.

This article was originally based on material from FOLDOC, used with permission. Update as needed.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Uuencode."

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Crosswords: UUENCODE

Specialty definitions using "UUENCODE": base 64, BinHexeight-bit cleanmimencodeUnix to Unix Copy, uudecode. (references)

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Usage Frequency: UUENCODE

"UUENCODE" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 66.67% of the time. "UUENCODE" is used about 3 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (singular)66.67%2245,945
Lexical Verb (infinitive)33.33%1339,140
                    Total100.00%3N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: UUENCODE

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

uuencode

58

mime uuencode

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Anagrams: UUENCODE

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-d-e-e-n-o-u-u"

-2 letters: encode.

-3 letters: coden, coned, coude, deuce, donee, douce, dunce, educe, endue, ounce, undee, undue.

-4 letters: cede, code, coed, cone, cued, deco, dene, done, duce, dune, need, node, nude, once, unco, unde, undo.

-5 letters: cee, cod, con, cud, cue, dee, den, doc, doe, don, due, dun, duo, ecu, end, eon, nee, nod, ode, one, oud.

 Words containing the letters "c-d-e-e-n-o-u-u"
 

+2 letters: consuetude.

 

+3 letters: consuetudes, countersued, unconquered, unretouched.

 

+4 letters: succedaneous, undercounted, undocumented.

 

+5 letters: counterargued, credulousness, deciduousness.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Alternative Orthography: UUENCODE


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

55 55 45 4E 43 4F 44 45

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

..-    ..-    .    -.    -.-.    ---    -..    .

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01010101 01010101 01000101 01001110 01000011 01001111 01000100 01000101

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#85 &#85 &#69 &#78 &#67 &#79 &#68 &#69

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0055 0055 0045 004E 0043 004F 0044 0045

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

5555394837493839

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INDEX

1. Crosswords
2. Usage Frequency
3. Expressions: Internet
4. Anagrams
5. Orthography
6. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.