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Definition: Upper |
UpperAdjective1. The topmost one of two. 2. Higher in place or position; "the upper bunk"; "in the upper center of the picture"; "the upper stories". 3. Superior in rank or accomplishment; "the upper half of the class". Noun1. The higher of two berths. 2. Piece of leather that forms the part of a shoe or boot above the sole. 3. A central nervous system stimulant that increases energy and decreases appetite; used to treat narcolepsy and some forms of depression. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "upper" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Industry | The top part of the shoe above the sole. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | This is the outer face of the structural element which is attached to the outersole. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. Pertaining to rocks or strata that are normally above those of earlier formations of the same subdivision of rocks. The adjective is applied to the name of a chronostratigraphic unit (system, series, stage) to indicate position in the geologic column and corresponds to late as applied to the name of the equivalent geologic-time unit; e.g., rocks of the Upper Jurassic System were formed during the Late Jurassic Period. The initial letter of the term is capitalized to indicate a formal subdivision (e.g., "Upper Devonian") and is lowercased to indicate an informal subdivision (e.g., "upper Miocene"). The informal term may be used where there is no formal subdivision of a system or series (counterpart of lower). CF:lower; middle e.g., rocks of the Upper Jurassic System were formed during the Late Jurassic Period. The initial letter of the term is capitalized to indicate a formal subdivision (e.g., "Upper Devonian") and is lowercased to indicate an informal subdivision (e.g., "upper Miocene"). The informal term may be used where there is no formal subdivision of a system or series (counterpart of lower). CF:lower; middle. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In ancient times the country of Egypt was generally divided into two sections, known as Upper and Lower Egypt.Lower Egypt is to the north and is that part where the Nile delta flows into the Mediterranean Sea. Upper Egypt is to the south from the Libyan desert down to just past Abu Simbel.
The reason for this apparent upside-down naming is that Egypt was considered the "Gift of the Nile" and as such everything was measured in relation to it. The Nile enters Egypt at the top, winding its way down until exiting via the fertile delta into the Mediterranean Sea under Lower Egypt.
Today there are two principal channels that the Nile takes through the river's delta. In pharonic times there were three and these were known as "the water of Pre", "the water of Ptah" and "the water of Amun".
Upper Egypt was known to the Pharaohs as Shemau and was divided into twenty-two areas called nomess. The first nome was roughly where modern Aswan is and the twenty-second was at modern Atfih, just to the south of Cairo.
The capital of the Middle Kingdom was at a place known as The Faiyum. This is an area of about 850 square miles of land that are wartered by an offshoot of the Nile called the Bahr Yusuf.
Lower Egypt was known to the Pharaohs as To-Mehu. This part of the country was also divided into nomes; however, as the place was mostly undeveloped scrubland, the organisation of the nomes underwent several changes. Ultimately there were twenty nomes and the first of these was at Memphis.
The deserts were not seen as part of the country really. They were just the wastelands that surrounded them and kept the foreigners out. They were considered to be areas that were there to be exploited (like other lands) but should not be considered as a part of the administrative kingdom. Therefore, the nomes were restricted to Kemet ("the black"), their name for the dark soil deposited by the Nile floodwaters.
The desert was called Deshret ("the red").
See also History of Egypt
See also: http://www.website1.com/odyssey/week1/egygeo.html
The land of Egypt occupies the extreme northeast corner of the continent of Africa and a small area of southwest Asia. Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, by Sudan to the south, by the Red Sea and Israel on the east, and by Libya on the west.Egyptian history is divided into periods that reflect the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under one king. Intermediate periods of Egyptian history were times when Upper and Lower Egypt were not unified under one king.
Egypt is a country made up of two separate land areas: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. The names refer to ones location according to the flow of the Nile river. Upper Egypt is land upstream, or to the south and Lower Egypt is land downstream, or to the north.
A Comparison of Upper and Lower Egypt
Lower EgyptLower Egypt is known as Northern Egypt because it is downriver along the Nile. Lower Egypt is the northern-most section of Egypt stretching from just south of modern-day Cairo to the Nile Delta at Alexandria.
Lower Egypt's landscape is dominated by the Nile delta at Alexandria. The deltal region is well watered, crisscrossed by channels and canals. There are marshy areas and the mosquitoes can be very annoying.
The climate is milder than the climate in Upper Egypt. Temperatures are less extreme and there is more rainfall in this area.
The Lower Egyptians' dialect and customs historically varied from those of the Upper Egyptians. Even in modern times, Lower Egypt is much more industrialized, and influenced by trade and commerce with the rest of the world.
Upper EgyptUpper Egypt is known as Southern Egypt because it is upstream, closer to the source of the Nile. Upper Egypt is a narrow strip of land that extends from the cataract boundaries of modern-day Aswan to the area south of modern-day Cairo.
Historically, Upper Egypt's land was more isolated from activities to the north.
There were a number of differences between Upper and Lower Egyptians in the ancient world. They spoke different dialects, and had different customs, needs and interests. Many differences and the tensions they create still exist in modern times.
The modern Egyptian government has tried to encouragge people to cultivate and occupy the region called margin land. The margin land is land that is located between the flood (or alluvial) plain and the desert.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Upper and Lower Egypt."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In set theory, any element of a partially ordered set P which is greater than or equal to every element of a given subset S of P is called an upper bound of S.The term lower bound is similarly defined.
See also
- least upper bound
- greatest lower bound
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Upper bound."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Upper Canada is an early name for land at the upstream end of the Saint Lawrence River, in early North America. It became a political entity in 1791 with the passing of the Constitutional Act, which divided the Province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada. The division was effected so that loyalist American settlers in Upper Canada could have British laws and institutions.This area is the ancestor of the southern part of the present day province of Ontario, Canada. See the Canadas and Canada West.
The Act Against Slavery passed in Upper Canada on July 9, 1793.
On February 1, 1796 the capital of Upper Canada was moved from Newark (now Niagara-on-the-Lake) to York (now Toronto).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Upper Canada."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Upper Silesia (Polish Górny Śląsk, German Oberschlesien) is the south-eastern part of Silesia, an historical and geographical region in Poland (Opole Voivodship and Silesian Voivodship) and the Czech Republic (Silesian-Moravian Region). The region is situated on the Silesian highlands, between the upper Oder and upper Vistula rivers.
Historically the capital of Upper Silesia was Opole (in German Oppeln, today the capital of the Opole Voivodship) and today the most important city is Katowice, the capital of the Silesian Voivodship, while Upper Silesia now usually refers to the Silesian Voivodship.
Upper Silesian Metropolitan Area total population 2,930,000.
Major cities and towns: (population in 1995, cities lie in Poland unless otherwise marked)
Other cities: in Czech Republic: Český Těšín, Karvina, Frydek-Mistek; in Poland: Chelmek, Kety, Makow Podhalanski, Skoczow, Sucha Beskidzka, Ustron, Wilamowice, Wisla, Zator.
- Katowice (354,200);
- Ostrava (320,000); - Czech Rep.
- Czestochowa (259,500);
- Sosnowiec (249,000);
- Bytom (227,600);
- Gliwice (214,000);
- Zabrze (201,600);
- Bielsko-Biala (180,700);
- Ruda Slaska (166,300);
- Rybnik (144,300);
- Tychy (133,900);
- Dabrowa Gornicza (130,900);
- Opole (130,600);
- Chorzow (125,800);
- Jastrzebie-Zdroj (103,500);
- Jaworzno (98,500);
- Myslowice (80,000);
- Siemianowice Slaskie (78,100);
- Kedzierzyn-Kozle (70,700);
- Wodzislaw Slaski (68,600);
- Tarnowskie Gory (67,200);
- Piekary Slaskie (67,200);
- Zory (66,300);
- Raciborz (65,100);
- Bedzin (63,100);
- Opava (62,000); - Czech Rep.
- Swietochlowice (59,600);
- Zawiercie (56,300);
- Nysa (49,000);
- Oswiecim (44,400);
- Knurow (44,200);
- Chrzanow (42,100);
- Olkusz (40,500);
- Brzeg (39,900);
- Mikolow (38,900);
- Cieszyn (37,300);
- Czeladz (36,600);
- Czechowice-Dziedzice (35,600);
- Pszczyna (34,600);
- Myszkow (34,000);
- Zywiec (32,300);
- Czerwionka-Leszczyny (30,100);
- Kluczbork (26,900);
- Lubliniec (26,900).
- Prudnik (24,300);
- Rydultowy (24,100);
- Andrychow (23,100);
- Laziska Gorne (23,000);
- Bierun (22,100);
- Pyskowice (21,900);
- Strzelce Opolskie (21,900);
- Krapkowice (20,100).
- Trzebinia (20,000).
History
Upper Silesia was formerly a Prussian province.
See also
- Lower Silesia
- Opole Voivodship
- Silesia
- Silesian Voivodship
- Upper Silesia (Prussia)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Upper Silesia."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| UP | English | Upper Bound | Nuclear Energy & Physics |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: UpperSynonyms: amphetamine (n), pep pill (n), speed (n), upper berth (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Height | Adjective: high, elevated, eminent, exalted, lofty, tall; gigantic; (big); Patagonian; towering, beetling, soaring, hanging; elevated; upper; highest; (topmost); high reaching, |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Upper |
| English words defined with "upper": stiff upper lip ♦ The upper hand ♦ upper cannon, upper case, upper deck, upper jaw, upper jawbone, upper limit, upper mantle, upper respiratory infection, Upper ten thousand, Upper topsail. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "upper": Bones of Upper Extremity ♦ counter and upper tacker ♦ dough placed in the upper half ♦ least upper bound ♦ SKIRTLIKE UPPER ♦ upper air, upper air observation, upper air sounding, upper atmosphere, UPPER BENJAMIN, upper break, upper culmination, upper cutter-out, upper edger, upper GI series, Upper Hybrid Waves, upper internals structure, Upper Layer Protocol, Upper Level System, upper shaper, Upper Side-Band modulation, upper waters of a river. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "upper": Yellow-covered. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | You sit there, in your lofty position as general, and minister of public parks, a member of high standing among the upper class, and ask what is it (The Good Doctor; writing credit: Anton Chekhov; Neil Simon) His upper lip (True Grit; writing credit: Charles Portis; Marguerite Roberts) The upper vest side (Ghostbusters II; writing credit: Dan Aykroyd; Harold Ramis) He's got his crust all stiff and upper with that nancy boy accent (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) This woman has acute post-prandial upper abdominal distension (Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home; writing credit: Leonard Nimoy; Harve Bennett) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Upper Crusts (1973) Exploration of Upper Air (1964) Upper and Lower (1922) The Upper Hand (1921) For the Upper Crust (1903) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Position emission tomography (PET) of cerebral glucose utilization in a normal individual. This tomogram is through the upper part of the cerebral hemisphere. Note discrimination between gray matter (yellow-red color) and white matter (green-blue color) which uses less glucose. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | From an overhead angle, a blue bowl of cereal and a sandwich on a plate, sitting on a yellow tablecloth, are shown in opposite corners of the frame. A broken muffin lies between them in the center. The red lettering in the upper left reads: "Eat 3-5 generous servings of whole grain breads and cereals every day". Shot on 4x5 format. This was used in the 1989 calendar "Eat for Good Health" May 1989. See artwork: PV-19. Credit: Bill Branson (photographer). |
 | Human malaria parasite. Mature schizont and nine merozoites are clustered around clumped pigment. Only the chromatin of merozoites can be seen. Presegmenter visible at upper edge. Credit: CDC. |  | Corynebacterium diphtheriae causes Diphtheria that affects the upper respiratory tract, where an inflammatory exudate causes severe obstruction to the breathing airways, and sometimes suffocation. Credit: CDC. |
 | Monterey Bay Case Study - Photo #8 Upper Monterey Canyon as developed by multi-beam sounding systems Surveyed by NOAA Ships DAVIDSON, DISCOVERER, and SURVEYOR This was the smooth sheet for the first published NOAA multi-beam map. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | 3-D image from NOAA Exclusive Economic Zone Mapping Project Chandeleur Valley image - valley is in upper left of image Image is 30 nautical miles by approximately 50 nautical miles. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Molokini Island, a crescent atoll, is rim of volcanic crater opening to north Shore of Kahoolawe is visible in upper right. Over Alalakeiki Channel. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Canoers and kayakers enjoying an idyllic early fall afternoon on a quiet tree-lined stretch of the upper Patuxent River. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Aerial view of South Pole Station - Clean Air Facility visible in upper right. This was taken after several years of drifting snow. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Upper reaches of Glacier Bay - looking at Mt. Fairweather to the west. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Upper Floors" by Brian Dimarucot Commentary: "I just thought the little guys were cool..." | "Liston" by Akis Apostoliadis Commentary: "Upper floors of Liston-Corfu island." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Low sustained strings with descending upper string part played in counterpoint. | | A major chord played in the mid to upper register on an electric piano. |
| A tenor saxophone note played in the upper register. | | A single note played in the upper range of a harpsichord. |
| A synthesized clarinet tone played in a mid to upper range. | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Arthur Schopenhauer | People of Wealth and the so called upper class suffer the most from boredom. |
Matthew Arnold | Our inequality materializes our upper classes, vulgarizes our middle class, brutalizes our lower class. |
Oliver Wendell Holmes | Science is a first-rate piece of furniture for a man's upper chamber, if it has common sense on the ground floor. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | In the portion of Upper Silesia submitted to a plebiscite the provisions of this Article shall only come into force as from the definitive attribution of the territory. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Lady of the Ladle | Carroll, Lewis | And he had scaled that wondrous stair That soars from earth to upper air, Where rich and poor alike must climb, And walk the treadmill for a time |
A Christmas Carol | Dickens, Charles | Its legs and feet, most delicately formed, were, like those upper members, bare |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | Their voices came down, afar and indistinctly, from the upper heights where they habitually dwelt |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | It was upon one of the upper shelves, and as the bishop was rather short, he could not reach it. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | They seemed to listen, he on the upper step and she on the lower |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | [Coming forward] If ancient sorrow be most reverend, Give mine the benefit of seniory, And let my griefs frown on the upper hand |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | His upper lip was long, and since his teeth protruded, the lips stretched to cover them, for this man kept his lips closed |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | It was impossible for me to climb this stile, because every step was six feet high, and the upper stone above twenty |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | At length you slowly raise, pulling hand over hand, some horned pout squeaking and squirming to the upper air. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Severe pain in the upper right abdomen. (references) | |
The duodenum is the upper part of the small intestine. (references) | ||
An upper GI series is an x ray of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. (references) | ||
Business | Sky Cable offers 76 channels and targets the upper class market. (references) | |
Public schools also provide upper grades, but are not obligatory. (references) | ||
Like golf, it is enjoyed by only those in the upper income bracket. (references) | ||
Children | Trinidad and Tobago | This act increased the upper age in the definition of a child from 14 to 18 years of age, abolished corporal punishment as a penal sanction for children under 18, and prohibited sentencing a person between 14 and 18 years of age to prison. (references) |
Japan | Education is available widely to students who meet minimum academic standards at the upper secondary level through the age of 18. Society places an extremely high value on education, and enrollment levels for both boys and girls through the free upper secondary level (to age 18) exceed 96 percent. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Russia | On July 13, a fire, which some Jewish leaders suspected to be the result of arson, damaged the roof and upper floor of the school. (references) |
Economic History | Poland | Flag: Upper half white; lower red. (references) |
South Africa | SouthExtension of upper and lower Roadways. (references) | |
Czech Republic | Flag: Blue triangle on staff side; upper white band, lower red band. (references) | |
Human Rights | Ghana | In June it was discovered that two men arrested for murder in 1991 had been in prison in Wa, Upper West Region, for 10 years without trial. (references) |
Egypt | The Human Rights Center for the Assistance of Prisoners (HRCAP) reported that Mohammed Abdel Salam Mohammed Ali disappeared on January 13, 1995, in the upper Egyptian town of Malawi, Minya province. (references) | |
Ghana | On August 30, the police officer accused in 1999 of shooting a vendor who died at Soe, near Bolgatanga, Upper East Region, was indicted; however, it was unknown whether the officer was tried by year's end. (references) | |
Minorities | India | By custom Dalits may be required to perform tasks for upper caste Hindus without remuneration. (references) |
Ghana | In March 2000, a dispute between five Pentecostal churches and landowners (tendaabas) led to tension in Jirapa, Upper West Region. (references) | |
Ghana | In 2000 13 persons reportedly died and more than 25 were injured in the Upper East Region capital Bawku in an election-related dispute that had ethnic overtones. (references) | |
Political Economy | Panama | Their bases remain the middle and upper classes inside Panama City. (references) |
Australia | The 76 members of the Senate (the Upper House) are elected for six-year terms. (references) | |
Poland | Poland has a bicameral Parliament, comprised of a Lower House (Sejm) and Upper House (Senate). (references) | |
Political Rights | Poland | There is also an upper house (the Senate). (references) |
Lesotho | The composition of the upper house was not affected by the legislation. (references) | |
Nepal | If the lower house is not in session, the upper house exercises this power. (references) | |
Trade | Nepal | In the case of the Upper Bhote Koshi Hydroelectric Project, TDA provided a $500 thousand USD grant for completion of a final feasibility study. (references) |
Travel | Liberia | In particular, there have been reports of intensified hostilities in upper Lofa County. (references) |
Colombia | Daytime temperatures are in the upper 60's (Fahrenheit), and in the 40's and 50's at night. (references) | |
Women | Niger | Wife beating reportedly was common, even in upper social classes. (references) |
Belarus | Women have significantly fewer opportunities for advancement to the upper ranks of management. (references) | |
Central African Republic | Women's access to educational opportunities and to jobs, particularly at upper levels in the professions or in government service, traditionally has been limited. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Slovenia | Of the 40 members of the upper chamber of Parliament--the National Council--4 represent employers, 4 represent employees, and 4 represent farmers, small business persons, and independent professional persons. (references) |
Ghana | In April a woman was arrested at Paga, Upper East Region, on the border with Burkina Faso for trafficking to the Gambia 8 boys and 3 girls, between the ages of 6 and 14. Police investigations into the case were continuing at year's end. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | HURRICANE, n. An atmospheric demonstration once very common but now generally abandoned for the tornado and cyclone. The hurricane is still in popular use in the West Indies and is preferred by certain old-fashioned sea-captains. It is also used in the construction of the upper decks of steamboats, but generally speaking, the hurricane's usefulness has outlasted it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | Peters, on the Mississippi, and at Green Bay, on the upper Lakes. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | My Administration also supports the completion of the Upper Mississippi River Master Plan to determine the feasibility of constructing a second lock at Alton, Illinois. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Economic recovery, better education, rededication to values, all show the spirit of renewal gaining the upper hand. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Upper" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 99.43% of the time. "Upper" is used about 5,407 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 99.43% | 5,376 | 1,820 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.57% | 31 | 62,296 |
| Total | 100.00% | 5,407 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "upper". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Agag | N/A | Biblical | Upper floor |
| Upton | Male | English | An upper town |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "upper": axis in the upper half ♦ Bones of Upper Extremity ♦ dense upper cloud ♦ dough placed in the upper half ♦ gain the upper hand ♦ get the upper hand ♦ get the upper hand of ♦ Greater Upper Marlboro ♦ have the upper hand ♦ keep a stiff upper lip ♦ least upper bound ♦ Newton Upper Fal ♦ prognostic upper air chart ♦ pupil of upper secondary school ♦ rats in the upper story ♦ remove the upper limit for ♦ stiff upper lip ♦ the higher upper hand ♦ the Mysticete or whalebone whales having no true teeth after birth but with a series of plates of whalebone see Baleen hanging down from the upper jaw on each side thus making a strainer through which they receive the small animals upon which they feed ♦ the upper classes ♦ the upper crust ♦ The upper hand ♦ the upper lip ♦ the upper middle class ♦ the upper part ♦ the upper story ♦ the upper ten ♦ the upper ten thousand ♦ to get the higher upper hand ♦ to have the higher upper hand ♦ To keep a stiff upper lip ♦ upper air ♦ upper air chart ♦ upper air observation ♦ upper air temperature ♦ Upper Arlington ♦ upper arm ♦ upper atmosphere ♦ upper Avon ♦ upper balcony ♦ upper Bench ♦ upper berth ♦ Upper Black Eddy ♦ upper bound ♦ upper brain ♦ upper branches ♦ upper branches of tree ♦ Upper Brookville ♦ upper bumper height ♦ upper cannon ♦ upper Carboniferous ♦ upper Carboniferous period ♦ upper case ♦ upper chamber ♦ upper circle ♦ upper class ♦ upper classes ♦ upper control area ♦ upper course ♦ upper covert ♦ upper critical field ♦ upper crust ♦ Upper Darby ♦ upper deck ♦ upper denture ♦ upper die ♦ upper edge ♦ upper eyelid ♦ Upper Falls ♦ upper flight information region ♦ upper forms ♦ Upper GI Endoscopy ♦ Upper GI Series ♦ upper grades ♦ Upper Grand Lagoon ♦ upper hand ♦ upper hemispherical flux ♦ upper hemispherical luminous flux ♦ upper internals structure ♦ upper jaw ♦ upper jawbone ♦ Upper Jay ♦ Upper Kalskag ♦ Upper Lake ♦ upper Layer Protocol ♦ upper leather ♦ upper leg ♦ upper legform impactor ♦ upper limb ♦ upper limit ♦ upper lip ♦ upper mantle ♦ Upper Marlboro ♦ upper memory area ♦ upper memory block ♦ upper middle class ♦ upper millstone ♦ Upper Nyack ♦ upper part ♦ upper part of the body ♦ upper Peninsula. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "upper": upper-air, upper-and, upper-arm, upper-bagshaw, upper-bank, upper-body, upper-bound, upper-bourgeois, upper-case, upper-case letter, upper-caste, upper-class, upper-classes, upper-classy, upper-crust, upper-cut, upper-cuts, upper-deck, upper-elementary, upper-floor, upper-fret, upper-hab, upper-habber, upper-hand, upper-hemisphere, upper-hive, upper-house, upper-income, upper-intermediate, upper-level, upper-lip, upper-lipped, upper-lounge, upper-lower-class, upper-lower-middle, upper-management, upper-mantle, upper-mantle-derived, upper-manual, upper-market, upper-medium, upper-medium-sized, upper-mid, upper-middle, upper-middle-class, upper-middle-class-accent, upper-middle-income, Upper-Normandy, upper-plate, upper-range, upper-rear, upper-register, upper-respiratory-tract, upper-right, upper-school, upper-second-class, upper-spire, upper-stage, upper-state, upper-storey, upper-teeth, upper-thigh, upper-tier, upper-working, upper-working-class, upper-world. | |
Ending with "upper": mid-upper, washer-upper. | |
Containing "upper": stiff-upper-lip. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "upper"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | më i lartë (higher, highest, superior, superlative, supreme, top, top flight), i sipërm (over, overhead, top), epërm. (various references) | |
Arabic | فوقي, علوي (celestial, supernormal, upstairs), الفرعة الجزء الأعلى من الحذاء, الأبعد عن الباب, أعلى (above, chief, maximal, maximum, paramount, super, superior, supreme, terminal, top, topmost, upmost, uttermost), شمالي (boreal, nordic, north, northerly, northern), بالي النعل. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | горница на обувка, горен (above, over, overhead, right), амфетамин (up), по-горен (higher, superior). (various references) | |
Chinese | 幫子 (outer), 上部 (upside, upside-down), 上 (above, first, higher, on, on top, previous, previous or last, to climb, to go into, to go up, upon). (various references) | |
Czech | vyšší (higher, senior, superior), vrchní (chief, head waiter, paramount, superior, supreme, uppermost, waiter), horní (overhead), hořejší (upstairs). (various references) | |
Danish | overlaeder (shoeupper, vamp), overdel (shoeupper), øverst. (various references) | |
Dutch | bovenste. (various references) | |
Esperanto | supra, plej supra. (various references) | |
Farsi | فوقانی (Capital, Uppish, Upside), زبرین (Upmost), رویه (Comportment, Cover, Instep, Ism, Metier, Procedure, Scheme, Surface, Tack, Tenor, Top, Vamp), بالاتر (About, Above, Senior, Superior), بالارتبه (Senior), بالاءی (Over, Superior). (various references) | |
Finnish | ylinen (attic, loft), ylempi (top), ylä (higher, superior), päällinen (case, cover, covering, slip, spread, tick). (various references) | |
French | supérieur. (various references) | |
German | oberer (superior, upstairs), obere (top, upstairs), Ober-, Ober (garcon, waiter), höher (advanced, bigger, higher, high-level, secondary, senior, superior). (various references) | |
Greek | όποιοσ είναι επάνω, επάνω μέρος υποδήματος (shoeupper), άνω (above, up), ανώτεροσ (advanced, superior, transcendent). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | epërm. (various references) | |
Hebrew | מתקדם (advanced, forward, liberal, onward, progressive), שוקית, עליון (chief, exalted, high, lofty, over, preeminent, preponderant, superior, supreme, top, upmost), עלי (higher, overhead, topmost), כלפי מעלה (upward, upwards). (various references) | |
Hungarian | legfelső (paramount, sovereign, supreme, top, topmost, uppermost), felsõbb, felsõ (over, overhead), felső (over, overhead, top), felülső, elõbbre való. (various references) | |
Indonesian | atas (on, on top of, up, upon, upstair). (various references) | |
Italian | tomaia (shoeupper). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 高層 , アダムスストークス症候群 (accelerando, achievement test, Adams-Stokes syndrome, adult, adult education, adult shop, adult video, assembly, at, at bat, at home, attenuator, axe, sex shop, uppercut, upper-middle), 上 (a superior, aboard a ship or vehicle, above, after, as a matter of, as far as ... is concerned, authority, besides, best, emperor, far better, first volume, from the standpoint of, going up, government, governmental, head, high class, higher, imperial, influence of, lord, my dear, on top of, outer, over, presenting, shogun, showing, sovereign, summit, superior, superior quality, surface, the above, top, up, upon, upper part, upper part of the body, upper stream, upward). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | うわ (outer, surface, top, upward), こうそう (conception, confused fighting, dispute, frost, good running, grand, high and dry ground, high priest, hurrying, idea, imperial ancestors, imposing, magnificent, muzzle loading gun, ore bed, plan, plot, public funeral, red algae, resistance, rhodophyceae, sailing, school funeral, sending back or sending later, spice used for cooking, virtuous priest), アッパー . (various references) | |
Korean | 위 (gastric, stomach). (various references) | |
Manx | sleih ooasle (upper class), sleih mullee (elite, upper crust), nah halley (upper circle), meill syrjey (upper lip), case mooar (upper case). (various references) | |
Maya | kuum-xiik (upper arm). (various references) | |
Mohawk | ohahsa (upper part of leg). (various references) | |
Norwegian | overarm (upper arm, upper-arm). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | eruppay.(various references) | |
Polish | nadramię (upper arm, upper-arm). (various references) | |
Portuguese | superior (above, ascendant, atop, better, bettor, chief, choice, classy, crack-a-jack, gentle, high, master, olympian, over, pre-eminent, premium, select, supreme, towering, transcendent). (various references) | |
Romanian | superior (above, be |
