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University

Definition: University

University

Noun

1. The body of faculty and students at a university.

2. Establishment where a seat of higher learning is housed, including administrative and living quarters as well as facilities for research and teaching.

3. A large and diverse institution of higher learning created to educate for life and for a profession and to grant degrees.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "university" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: University

DomainDefinition

Education

Term used in its general sense to indicate all type of post-secondary education and training establishments which offer, within the framework of initial and/or continuing training, qualifications or diplomas of that level, whatever such establishments may be called in the Member States. Source: European Union. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Exeter University

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of Exeter is a university in the English city of Exeter. It received its Royal Charter in 1955, after existing as the University College of the South West of England.

Most students work on the main campus, Streatham. However, several thousand students, mainly Sports Scientists and Education students (both undergraduates and postgraduates), live and work at St. Lukes. In addition, there are several hundred students at Camborne School of Mines in Cornwall.

In 2000, the Peninsula Medical School was established in conjunction with the University of Plymouth and the NHS. This is also based at St. Lukes.

Students are represented by a Guild of students, which has an active role in campaigning at a local and national level. There are over 100 societies, ranging from the Theatre Company, LARP and Creative Writing to the Egg and Spoon society. There are a large number of sports clubs, as well as a student radio station, a newspaper, a website and television station.

External Link

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Humboldt University

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Humboldt Universität zu Berlin (the Humboldt University) is Berlin's oldest university, founded in 1810 by the liberal Prussian educational reformer and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt, it was re-named Friedrich-Wilhelm-Universität in 1828, and renamed again in 1949 in honor of von Humboldt.

The University has been home to many of Germany's greatest thinkers of the past two centuries, among them the subjective idealist philosopher J.G. Fichte, the theologian Friedrich Schleiermacher, the absolute idealist philosopher G.W.F. Hegel, the Romantic legal theorist Savigny, the pessimist philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, the objective idealist philosopher Friedrich Schelling, and famous physicists Albert Einstein and Max Planck. Founders of Marxist theory Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels attended the university, as did German unifier Otto von Bismarck.

The university is home to 29 Nobel Prize winners.

External links

See also

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Johns Hopkins University

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The Johns Hopkins University is an elite institution of higher learning located in Baltimore, Maryland. Among the world's most prestigious schools, the University opened February 22, 1876, with the stated goal of "The encouragement of research ... and the advancement of individual scholars, who by their excellence will advance the sciences they pursue, and the society where they dwell." The University's first president was visionary educator Daniel Coit Gilman, and its motto is "Veritas Vos Liberabit," Latin meaning "The Truth Shall Make You Free."

It is named for Johns Hopkins, who left seven million dollars in his 1867 will for the foundation of The Johns Hopkins University and The Johns Hopkins Hospital. Johns Hopkins was the first research university in the United States, founded on the model of German research institutions. As such, it was the first American university to offer an undergraduate major (as opposed to a purely liberal arts curriculum), and the first American university to grant doctoral degrees. The University was an all-male institution until 1970.

Johns Hopkins offers superior undergraduate programs based at the Homewood Campus in Baltimore: The Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts & Sciences and the G.W.C. Whiting School of Engineering, which contribute to Johns Hopkins' reputation as one of the world's preeminent universities. Among the many strong departments at Johns Hopkins are History, International Studies, English, Political Science, Economics, Biology, German, Near Eastern Studies, Romance Languages, Art History, Biophysics, Biomedical Engineering, Film and Media Studies, and Astronomy. The French Department is recognized as a "center of excellence" in the study of French culture and language by the government of France, one of only four in the United States.

The University was designed from the start to marry scholarship and research, and graduate education has always been of key importance. All students at Johns Hopkins are encouraged to pursue original research at the undergraduate and graduate levels, and nearly 80% of Johns Hopkins undergrads produce research by the time of graduation. The Milton S. Eisenhower Library, located on campus, is one of the largest on the East Coast, housing nearly 4 million volumes.

In addition to graduate education at the schools of Arts & Sciences and Engineering, Johns Hopkins also has several prestigious graduate professional schools. The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine is highly revered, and the Bloomberg School of Public Health is renowned for contributions worldwide to preventive medicine and the health of large populations. The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (simply referred to as SAIS), located in Washington D.C, is recognized as a world leader in international affairs, diplomacy and government studies. SAIS has international campuses Bologna, Italy and Nanjing, China.

The University offers education abroad through centers in Germany, Singapore and Italy (the University owns a breathtaking villa in Florence where many Art History students study). Johns Hopkins receives more federal research grants than any other university, and operates the Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland, which specializes in nuclear research for the Department of Defense. The Space Telescope Institute is located on the Hopkins campus, which controls, analyzes and collects data from the Hubble Space Telescope.

The main campus of Johns Hopkins, Homewood, is comprised of 140 park-like acres in the northern part of Baltimore. Much of the beautiful architecture dates from the nineteenth century, and is designed in the Georgian style, built of red brick and white marble. The campus was originally the estate of the Carroll family, whose residence is preserved as a museum on the grounds. Hopkins' roughly 4,000 undergraduate students matriculate from all fifty states and over forty countries. About 40% of students previously attended private high schools or prep schools, and within six years of graduation 85% of Hopkins students earn graduate degrees, the highest percentage in the nation.

Hopkins has three entirely student-run publications: The Johns Hopkins News-Letter, The Black & Blue Jay and Anagram. The News-Letter is the oldest continuously-published college newspaper in the nation, founded in 1896, and is published weekly. The Black & Blue Jay is among the nation's oldest humor magazines, founded in 1921, and is the inspiration for the University's mascot. Anagram is the university literary magazine.

The school's sports teams are named the Blue Jays. Hopkins has separate athletic colors: columbia blue and black, and academic colors: sable and gold, and it is the only university in the United States to celebrate Homecoming in the spring. Hopkins participates in the NCAA's Division III, and the Centennial Conference. The school's most prominent sports team is its Division I lacrosse team, which has won 42 national titles. Hopkins' collegiate sports rivals are Princeton University and cross-town rivals: the University of Maryland and the United States Naval Academy. The National Lacrosse Hall of Fame is adjacent to the university.

Some well-known alumni:

Some well-known faculty:

External links

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List of British universities

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

This is a list of British universities, that is, universities in the United Kingdom, which comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Brackets give the standard abbreviation for the university name, following the practice of the Association of Commonwealth Universities. Where there is possible confusion with an institution from another country, (UK) is added after the abbreviation. This can be ommitted if the context means there is no possibility for confusion. The latin abbreviations, where different from the english, are also given for the universities that still commonly use these.

England

London

Scotland

Scotland has a large number of higher education institutions for its size. It has a long tradition of higher education, indeed, despite England having roughly ten times Scotland's population, at one stage Scotland had more universities than its southern neighbour.

Northern Ireland

Wales

University colleges and colleges of higher education

See also

External links

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Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

With approximately 60,000 students, the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (German: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München or LMU) is one of the largest universities in Germany.

Munich's second university is the Technical University of Munich.

History

The university originally existed from 1472 (foundation right of Louis IX, called the Rich) to 1802 in Ingolstadt and was then moved to Landshut by Maximilian IV Joseph (the later Maximilian king of Bavaria). After a short time it was moved to the capital of Bavaria, Munich, in the year 1826, by Louis I.

See also: White Rose

Contact

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1
80539 München
tel: (089) 2180-11
Homepage: http://www.uni-muenchen.de/

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München."

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Lund University

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)


larger version
The main administrative building at Lund University.

Lund University or Lunds universitet is a university founded in 1666, in Lund, Sweden. The university has over 34,000 people studying in 50 different programmes and 800 separate courses.

History

Although there were anterior academic institutions, a studium generale, the mediaeval Latin language term for a university, was established in 1483 within the Franciscan friary, and prior to this in 1085, a school for the training of priests was set up. The university was established in 1666, as the fourth one within the Swedish Realm. Today, it counts as its second, since the Academy of Dorpat (1632) and the Academy of Ã…bo (1640), are located in Estonia and Finland. Uppsala University was the first to be established in 1477.

Faculties

There are also departments located in Malmö and Helsingborg.

Famous Research

See also: Royal Swedish Physiographic Society in Lund, List of universities in Sweden

External links

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Sorbonne

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

La Sorbonne or the University of Paris was the most famous university of Paris, France, and one among the most ancient in Europe (founded in 1257). It is also the name of its main campus, which now houses several universities as well as the Paris rectorate.

It was originally created for the use of 20 theology students in 1257 as Collège de Sorbonne by Robert de Sorbon (1201-1274), a chaplain and confessor to King Louis IX of France. It quickly built a prodigious reputation as a center for learning, and by the 13th century there were as many as twenty thousand foreign students resident in the city, making Paris the capital of knowledge of the Western world. Today, foreign students still make up a significant part of its campus.

On June 23, 1894, Pierre de Coubertin organized an international congress at the Sorbonne, which led to the creation of the International Olympic Committee.

In 1968 it was the starting point of the cultural revolution commonly known as "the French May" (see also situationism), resulting in the closing of the university for the second time in history (the first being the Nazi invasion of 1940).

It is now distributed in several separate universities.

The historical campus is located in the Quartier Latin, in the 5th arrondissement of Paris. It features mural paintings by Pierre Puvis de Chavannes.

People who attended the University include:

Past and present faculty includes: See also: Medieval university, University of Paris

External link

The official website: http://www.sorbonne.fr/

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Sorbonne."

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University

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees. A university provides both tertiary and quaternary education.

History

Arguably the first university was the Academy founded in 387BC by the Greek philosopher Plato in the grove of Academos near Athens, where students were taught philosophy, mathematics and gymnastics.

The first European Medieval universities were established in Italy and France in the Middle Ages for the study of law, medicine, and theology. Before that, similar institutions already existed in the Islamic world, notably in Cairo. The most important Asian university was Nalanda, in Bihar, India, where the second century Buddhist philosopher Nagarjuna was based.

In Europe young men proceeded to the university when they had completed the study of the trivium: the preparatory arts of grammar, rhetoric, and logic and the quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy.

In the United Kingdom, a University is instituted by Royal Charter and only institutions with such a charter can award degrees of any kind.

In the last decades of the 20th century, a number of Mega Universities have been created, teaching with distance learning techniques.

See also: List of oldest universities in continuous operation

Related terms

academia - academy - admission - alumnus - aula - business schools - campus - college - dean - degree - diploma - discipline - dissertation - faculty - fraternities and sororities - graduate student - graduation - perpetual student - Privatdozent - professor - provost - rector - research - scholar - student - tenure - tuition - universal access

See also: List of colleges and universities, School and university in literature

External links

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University College London

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

University College London, commonly known as UCL, is one of the colleges that make up the University of London. It is a member of the Russell Group of Universities and the third oldest higher education institution in England.

The main portions of the college are located in Bloomsbury, central London, on Gower Street. The nearest stations on the London Underground are Warren Street, Euston (alongside Euston train station), Goodge Street, and Euston Square.

Jeremy Bentham (1748 - 1832) is often credited with founding the college, but this is in fact not true. However, his remains are still kept within the college in accordance with his wishes: a large glass-fronted box displays his clothed skeleton, topped with a wax model of his head. A college rumour states that the box containing his remains is wheeled into senior college meetings.

History

UCL was founded in 1826, with the name "University of London" as a result of the policies of Oxford and Cambridge to have strict religious requirements. However it was not until 1836, when the University of London was established that the college was legally recognised and gained the power to award degrees of the University of London. Its legal status as a university-level institution thus postdates that of Durham (founded 1832), however its initial foundation in 1826 leads some to claim that it is the third oldest university in England (after Oxford and Cambridge - UCL is not, however, a university in its own right, but can claim to be the third oldest higher education institution. Others claim that, as the charter of King's College London (granted in 1829) predates that of UCL by 5 years, UCL should not even be regarded as the oldest college in the University of London.

The college was the first UK higher education institute to accept students of any race or religious or political belief. It was possibly the first to accept women on equal terms with men (the University of Bristol also makes this claim - as both were admitted students to University of London degrees at the time, it is quite possible that this was a simultaneous action), the first in England to establish a student union (although men and women had separate unions until 1945), and the first to have professorships in chemical engineering, chemistry, Egyptology, English, French, geography, German, Hebrew, Italian, papyrology, phonetics, psychology, and zoology.

In 1907 the University of London was reconstituted and many of the colleges, including UCL, lost their separate legal existence. This continued until 1977 when a new charter restored UCL's independance. In 1985 the main Gower Street building was finally finished - 158 years after the foundations were laid.

Even today UCL retains its strict secular position, and unlike most other UK universities has no Christian chaplaincy or Muslim prayer rooms. Due to this policy UCL has also been known as "the godless institution of Gower Street".

The UCL Library is famous in its own right, its collection including a first edition of Newton's Principia Mathematica.

In October 2002, a plan to merge UCL with Imperial College, London was announced by the universities. One month later, the proposed merger was cancelled after protests by UCL staff that the merger was a de facto takeover of UCL by Imperial College.

Famous Alumni

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University College, Oxford

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

University College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.

History

Famous Former Students

Academics/Teachers

External Link

Official website

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "University College, Oxford."

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University of California, Berkeley

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of California, Berkeley (also UCB, Cal, Berkeley, or UC Berkeley) is the flagship and original campus of the University of California, situated in Berkeley, California on the east side of the San Francisco Bay, overlooking the Golden Gate. There are over 33,000 students enrolled and over 1,800 faculty.


Sather Gate marks the original southern entrance to the campus, just steps from Sproul Plaza. (Larger version)

History

In 1866, the land which is now the Berkeley campus was first purchased by the private College of California (established by Congregational minister Henry Durant in 1855). However, lacking the funds to operate, the College of California merged with state-run Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College, forming the University of California on March 23, 1868, with Durant becoming the first president. The university first opened in Oakland in 1869. In 1873, with the completion of North and South Halls, the university relocated to the Berkeley campus with 167 men and 222 women students enrolled.

Through the middle decades of the twentieth century, the Berkeley campus enjoyed a golden age in the physical, chemical and biological sciences. During that period, with Professor Ernest O. Lawrence's invention of the cyclotron, researchers affiliated with the campus discovered all the chemical elements heavier than Uranium, garnering a number of Nobel Prizes for these efforts along the way. Two of the elements, Berkelium and Californium, were named in honor of the university. Another two, Lawrencium and Seaborgium, were named in honor of faculty members Ernest O. Lawrence and Glenn T. Seaborg.

During the McCarthy era in 1949, the Board of Regents adopted an anti-communist loyalty oath to be signed by all University of California employees. A number of faculty members firmly took a stand against the oath requirement and were eventually dismissed. They were reinstated with full honor a few years later; one of them, Edward C. Tolman the noted comparative psychologist now has a building on the campus named after him (it houses the departments of psychology and education).

The University gained notoriety worldwide nearly a century after its founding for the student body's active protests against United States involvement in the Vietnam War. This period of social unrest on campus could be traced to the Free Speech Movement, which originated on the Berkeley campus in 1964 and inspired the political and moral outlook of a generation. On a lighter cultural note, The Graduate, a seminal novel and movie of the era, was filmed on location at the university and nearby buildings in 1966.

The campus


View of campus looking north, with Sather Tower and Evans Hall visible, and the Berkeley Hills in the distance. (Larger version)

Overall area of the campus is 1,232 acres, though the main campus, where the academic buidings are located, is on the lower 178 acres. The main campus is shaped like a rectangle, with the two long sides running east to west. Except for designated open areas, the entire rectangle has been developed. Overlooking the main campus on the east side are several research units, most notably the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Much of the rugged upper hill area is still undeveloped. Residence halls and administrative buildings spill out into the city of Berkeley, particularly to the south of the campus.

The campus layout was designed by Emile Benard, the winner of a world-wide competition sponsored by Phoebe Apperson Hearst in the early 1900s.

Notable buildings

The campus and surrounding community host a number of notable buildings by turn-of-the-20th century architects Bernard Maybeck and Julia Morgan. Historic buildings on campus include Sproul Hall, Hearst Mining Building, the Faculty Club, Doe Library, California Hall, Gilman Hall, Hilgard Hall, Wheeler Hall, and the Hearst Women's Gymnasium.

University House on the north side of campus is home to chancellor, and the bank in front is landscaped with flowers forming a working clock. Before administrative reorganization and the creation of individual campus chancellors, the UC President resided in University House.

The oldest building on campus is South Hall, built in 1873. Together with North Hall (which was destroyed in a fire), it was one of the first two buildings on campus. The university's tallest building is 307 Sather Tower, a bell and clock tower also known as the Campanile (resembling the one in Venice). Sather Gate is the main southern entrance to campus, close to busy Sproul Plaza and Telegraph Avenue.

Evans Hall is the mathematics, statistics, and economics building. It is a gray-green structure rising ten floors. It once held the office of Ted Kaczynski when he was an assistant professor of math. As one of the tallest buildings on campus, the building became notorious as a "suicide building." Following a suicide by jumping in 2002, glass panels were installed on previously-open balconies on the tenth floor. The building's height and color cause many students to label it the ugliest building on campus.

Cory Hall is the electrical engineering building. It was the site of two attacks by the Unabomber, Ted Kaczynski, in 1982 and 1985.

Soda Hall is the computer science building. It is the only classroom building on campus with showers. Completed in August 1994, Soda Hall was a $35.5 million project, funded entirely by private gifts to the College of Engineering.

Academics

Berkeley has graduated more students who go on to earn doctorates than any university in the country. UC Berkeley ranks third in the nation among all institutions with students who are National Merit Scholars.


The Doe Library with Memorial Glade in the foreground. (Larger version)

The University currently boasts 127 members of the National Academy of Sciences, 101 members of the National Academy of Engineering, 8 Nobel Prize winners, 2 Fields Medal holders, 138 Guggenheim Fellows, 81 Fulbright Scholars, 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 19 MacArthur Fellows, 62 Sloan Fellows among a bevy of distinguished faculty.

According to the National Research Council, Berkeley ranks first nationally in the number of graduate programs in the top 10 in their fields and first nationally in the number of "distinguished" programs for the scholarship of the faculty.

With about nine million volumes, Berkeley's library holdings rank 4th in North America, after the Library of Congress, Harvard University, and Yale University.

Organization

Chancellors

Here is a full list of Chancellors since the position was created in 1952:

  1. Clark Kerr (1952-1958)
  2. Glenn T. Seaborg (1958-1961)
  3. Edward W. Strong (1961-1965)
  4. Martin E. Meyerson (1965, acting)
  5. Roger W. Heyns (1965-1971)
  6. Albert H. Bowker (1971-1980)
  7. Ira Michael Heyman (1980-1990)
  8. Chang-Lin Tien (1990-1997)
  9. Robert M. Berdahl (1997-present)

See also: List of UC Presidents

Colleges and schools

Berkeley's more than 130 academic departments and programs are organized into 14 colleges and schools:

Computer-related developments

Cal has nurtured a number of key technologies associated with the early development of the Internet and the Open Source Software movement. The original Berkeley Software Distribution, commonly known as BSD Unix, was assembled in 1977 by Bill Joy as a graduate student in the computer science department. PostgreSQL emerged from faculty research begun in the late 1970s. SendMail was developed at Berkeley in 1981. BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain package) was written by a team of graduate students around the same time period. The Tcl programming language and the Tk GUI toolkit were developed by faculty member John Ousterhout in 1988. SPICE, a popular tool for IC Designers, was also invented at Berkeley under the direction of Professor Donald Pederson.

In 1992, Pei-Yuan Wei, an undergraduate, created ViolaWWW, one of the first graphically-based web browsers. ViolaWWW was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. In the spirit of Open Source, he merely donated the code to Sun Microsystems, thus inspiring Java applets. ViolaWWW would also inspire researchers at the National Center for Supercomputer Applications to create the Mosaic web browser.

SETI@home was one of the first widely disseminated distributed computing projects, allowing hobbyists and enthusiasts to participate in scientific research by donating unused computer processor cycles in the form of a screen saver.

In an interesting example of the confluence of intellectual ideas, many of the arguments for the efficacy of Open Source software development, and of the Wikipedia project itself, find parallels in writings on urban planning and architecture published in the late 1970s by Christopher Alexander, a Berkeley professor of architecture. Across campus around that same time period, John Searle, a Berkeley professor of philosophy, introduced a celebrated critique of artificial intelligence using the metaphor of a Chinese Room.

List of research projects conducted at Berkeley:

Sports and traditions

Cal's sports teams compete as the California Golden Bears (often referred to as "Cal"). They participate in the NCAA's Division I-A, and in the Pacific Ten Conference. The annual football "Big Game" between the Bears and the rival Stanford Cardinal is the most important game on Cal's schedule. The winner of this game gains custody of the Axe.

Cal's independent student-run newspaper is the Daily Californian.

The official school colors, Yale Blue and California Gold, were established in 1874. Yale Blue was chosen because most of the original faculty were Yale University graduates. Gold was selected to represent the Golden Gate, which the campus overlooks.

The official mascot is Oski T. Bear, who first debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium. It was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative to a live bear. Named after the Oski-wow-wow yell, he is cared for by the Oski Committee. The wearer of the costume is kept a secret. It is the tradition to have the basketball player with the largest feet donate his shoes for Oski to wear.

The Associated Students of the University of California, or ASUC, is the student government organization that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events.

Noted Cal alumni

(Alumni who also served as faculty deferred to next list)

Noted Cal faculty

(Alumni indicated with degree and year in parenthesis)

External links

University of California:
Berkeley  |  Davis  |  Irvine  |  Los Angeles  |  Merced  |  Riverside  |  San Diego  |  San Francisco  |  Santa Barbara  |  ''Santa Cruz'\'

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "University of California, Berkeley."

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University of Cambridge

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

According to legend the University of Cambridge in England was founded in 1209 by scholars escaping Oxford after a fight with Oxford locals. King Henry III of England granted them a teaching monopoly in 1231.

The Mathematician's Bridge over the Cam River.
Note the punters on the river. Larger Version

Along with the University of Oxford, Cambridge University produces a large proportion of Britain's prominent scientists, writers, and politicians; the pair are known as Oxbridge. Both are members of the Russell Group of Universities.

The thirty-one Colleges of the University are independent institutions, separate from the University itself, and they enjoy considerable autonomy.

The first College was Peterhouse founded in 1284 by Hugh Balsham, Bishop of Ely. The second-oldest College is King's Hall which was founded in 1317, though it no longer exists as a separate entity. Many other colleges were founded during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. A full list of Colleges is given below, though some, such as Michaelhouse (which was combined with King's Hall to make Trinity, by King Henry VII) and Gonville Hall no longer exist.

During those early times the Colleges were founded so that their students would pray for the souls of the founders and were often associated with chapels, if not abbeys. In conjunction with the Dissolution of the Monasteries, in 1536 King Henry VIII ordered the University to disband its Faculty of Canon Law and to stop teaching "scholastic philosophy." So instead of focusing on canon law, the colleges' curricula then became centered on the Greek and Latin classics, the Bible, and mathematics.

The first Colleges for women were Girton College in 1869 and Newnham College in 1872. The first women students were examined in 1882 but attempts to make women full members of the University did not succeed until 1947, 20 years later than at Oxford. Of the 31 Colleges, three are now for women only (Lucy Cavendish, New Hall, and Newnham), and four are for graduate students only (Clare Hall, Darwin, Wolfson and St Edmunds).

There are certain number of leisure pursuits associated with Cambridge. Rowing is a popular sport and there are competitions between colleges (notably the bumps races) and against Oxford (the Boat Race). There are also Varsity Matches against Oxford in many other sports, including rugby and cricket. Theatre clubs include the famous Footlights.

Colleges

See also a list of Oxford sister colleges.

Notable alumni

Notable recipients of honorary degrees

Cambridge Universities in Fiction

Related articles

External link

See also

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University of Copenhagen

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of Copenhagen (Københavns Universtitet) is a university in Denmark. It is not to be confused with the Copenhagen Free University.

Faculties

Buildings related to the university

Famous people related to the university

(Very) Brief history

1479: University founded.
2002: Some people demonstrating somewhere about some new university reform.

External links

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University of Glasgow

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Glasgow University from Kelvingrove Park

The University of Glasgow is the largest and oldest of the three universities in Glasgow, Scotland. It was founded in 1451 as a school of divinity, and was located beside Glasgow Cathedral until the 17th century, when it moved to the nearby High Street. The university expanded (both in numbers and in the range of studies) and outgrew the available space in the dense old part of the city. Consequently, in 1870, it moved to a (then greenfield) site on the Gilmorehill in the West End of the city (around three miles west of its prior location).

The main building, an example of victorian neo gothic architecture, is a major landmark and icon of the city.

Famous scholars associated with the university include Lord Kelvin, Adam Smith, James Watt, John Logie Baird, and Joseph Lister. In more recent times, the university boasts of having Europe's largest collection of life scientists.

The Veterinary School is perhaps Glasgow's most famous Faculty, having wrought the personalities of James Herriot (aka Alf Wight), Eddie Straiton ("The TV Vet"), Sir William Weipers, among many others and has the distinction of having its degree recognised not only by the UK, but also the USA, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, as well as most other countries in the World, an honour shared by only a handful of other institutions.

External link

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University of Heidelberg

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of Heidelberg was established in the town of Heidelberg in the Rhineland in 1386. It was founded at the behest of the Count Palatinate and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, Ruprecht I, in order to provide faculties for the study of philosophy, theology, jurisprudence, and medicine. The Great Schism in 1378, which split European Christendom into two hostile groups, was initiated by the election of two popes after the death of Pope Gregory XI in the same year. One successor was in Avignon (elected by the French) and the other in Rome (elected by the Italian cardinals). The German secular and spiritual leaders voiced their support for the successor in Rome, which had far reaching consequences for the German students and teachers in Paris: they lost their stipends and had to leave. Palatine Elector Ruprecht I recognized the opportunity and initiated talks with the Curia, which ultimately lead to the creation of the Papal Bull of Foundation which can be considered the establishment of the University of Heidelberg. On October 18, 1386 a ceremonial fair commemorated the opening of the doors of the university. As a motto for the seal, Marsilius von Inghen, the first Rector of the university chose "Semper apertus" - the book of learning is always open. At this point in time the city of Heidelberg could not have had more than 3500 inhabitants and in the first year of existence the university had almost 600 enrolled. On October 19, 1386 the first lecture was held.

The university's official title is Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg.

Among the prominent thinkers to have been associated with the university are Georg Hegel, the existentialist philosopher-psychologist Karl Jaspers, the political theorist Hannah Arendt, the philosopher of hermeneutics Hans-Georg Gadamer, the critical theorist and philosopher Jürgen Habermas, and the philosopher of discourse ethics Karl-Otto Apel.

See also: Mediaeval university

External link

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University of Oxford

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of Oxford, situated in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.

History

The date of the university's foundation is unknown, and indeed it may not have been a single event, but there is evidence of teaching there as early as 1096. When Henry II of England forbade English students to study at the University of Paris in 1167, Oxford began to grow very quickly. The foundation of the first halls of residence, which later became colleges, dates from this period and later. Following the murder of two students accused of rape in 1209, the University was disbanded. On June 20, 1214, the University returned to Oxford with a charter negotiated by Nicholas de Romanis, a papal legate.

Oxford's chief domestic rival is Cambridge, founded shortly afterwards. Together Oxford and Cambridge are sometimes referred to as Oxbridge. Cambridge is, not always correctly, considered stronger in scientific subjects whereas Oxford is, not always correctly, considered stronger in theology and the humanities. Both are members of the Russell Group of research led British Universities.

Organisation

Oxford consists of a central university (including the central and departmental libraries, and science laboratories) and 39 colleges and 7 permanent private halls (PPHs). All teaching staff and degree students must belong to one of the colleges (or PPHs). These colleges are not only houses of residence, but have substantial responsibility for the teaching of undergraduates and postgraduates. Some colleges only accept postgraduate students and one college does not accept students at all. Only one of the colleges remains single-sex, accepting only women (though several of the religious PPHs are male-only)

Oxford's collegiate system springs from the fact that the University came into existence through the gradual agglomeration of independent institutions in the city of Oxford.

See also Colleges of Oxford University, and a list of Cambridge sister colleges.


Brasenose College in the 1670s

As well as the collegiate level of organisation, the university is subdivided into department on a subject basis, much like most other universities. Departments take a major role in graduate education and an increasing role in undergraduate education, providing lectures and classes and organising examinations. Departments are also a centre of research, funded by outside bodies including the major research councils; while colleges have an interest in research, most are not subject specialist in organisation.

The main legislative body of the university is Congregation, the assembly of all "regent" or resident masters and doctors who teach in the university. The assembly of "non-regent" masters and doctors, or Convocation, now encompassing all graduates of the university, now has very limited functions, chief of which is to elect of the Chancellor of the University. The executive body of the university is the Hebdomadal Council, which consists of the Vice-Chancellor, heads of departments and other members elected by Congregation.

The academic year is divided into three terms, each of eight weeks' duration. Michaelmas term lasts from early October to early December; Hilary normally from January until before Easter; and Trinity normally from after Easter until June. These terms are among the shortest of any British university, and the workload is intense.

Admission to the University

Admission to the University of Oxford for undergraduates is undertaken by individual colleges, which admit their own students to be taught partly in tutorials within their own colleges, and partly by lectures and classes by the university. For graduate students, admission is firstly by the university department in which each will study, and then secondarily with the college with which they are associated. Admission at the undergraduate level is selective and highly competitive, on the basis of school references, personal statements, achieved results, predicted results, written work, written tests and interviews.

Oxford, like Cambridge, has traditionally been perceived to be a preserve of the wealthy. The cost of taking a course, in the days before student grants were available, was prohibitive unless one was a scholar (or in even earlier times, a servitor - one who had to serve his fellow undergraduates in exchange for tuition). Public schoolss and grammar schools prepared their pupils more specifically for the entrance examination, some even going so far as to encourage applicants to spend an extra year in the sixth form in order to study for it: pupils from other state schools rarely had this luxury. Greater effort is now made to widen access to the university, and the proportion of private- and state- educated students is now roughly equal, but as the university admissions are conducted purely on the basis of academic merit (no targets on state-school admission are set) the proportions vary from year to year and from college to college. Women were admitted in the 19th century, but most colleges were single-sex until the 1970s. Numbers are now more or less equal.

Students successful in early examinations are rewarded with scholarships and exhibitions, normally the result of a long-standing endowment, although when tuition fees were first abolished the amounts of money available became purely nominal: much larger funded bursaries are available on the basis of need for current and prospective students. ("Closed" scholarships, which were accessible only by candidates from specific schools, exist now only in name.) Scholars and exhibitioners are entitled to wear a more voluminous undergraduate gown, "commoners" (i.e. those who had to pay for their "commons", or food and lodging) being restricted to a short sleeveless garment. The term, "scholar", in relation to Oxbridge, therefore has a specific meaning as well as the more general meaning of someone of outstanding academic ability. In previous times there were "noblemen commoners" and "gentlemen commoners", but these ranks were abolished in the 19th century.

Degree names

The system of academic degrees in the university is very confusing to those not familiar with it. This is not merely due to the fact that many degree titles date from the Middle Ages, but also due to the fact that in recent years many changes have been haphazardly introduced. See also Degrees of Oxford University.

Famous Alumni and Fellows

Lists of well-known former students and present and former Fellows of the university can be found under the entries for the Colleges of Oxford University. Note that an individual may be associated with two or more colleges, as an undergraduate and/or graduate student and as a member of staff. See also List of notable Oxford students

The "other" Oxford students

There is a second university at Oxford - Oxford Brookes University [1], formerly known as Oxford Polytechnic, whose entrance requirements are less stringent. It is located on a campus in the eastern suburbs of the city. There are also a number of independent "colleges" which have nothing to do with the university but are popular, particularly with overseas students, perhaps because they allow their students to state truthfully that they have studied at Oxford; these institutions vary considerably in the standard of teaching they provide.

Ruskin College, Oxford, an adult education college, though not part of the university, has close links with it.

Institutions

Events and organisations connected with the university include:

Related article: Academic dress of Oxford University

Oxford in literature and the media

Oxford University is the setting for numerous works of fiction, including:

Ficitional universities based on Oxford include Unseen University and the Invisible College

Many poets have been inspired by the university:

Films set in the university include:

This does not include movies that used the University as a set but were not depicted as Oxford University, such as the Harry Potter movies.

External link

See also

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University of Paris

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of Paris was founded in 1150, and is made up of many institutions, the most famous of which is the Sorbonne.

List of institutions:

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University of Tartu

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The University of Tartu, or Academia Dorpatensis was founded 1632 in Tartu, Estonia. It was the second university founded in Sweden, following Uppsala University in 1477. A precursor to the academy was a Jesuit grammar school, existing between 1583 and 1601 when the city was under Polish rule.

See also

External links

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University, Florida

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

University is a town located in Hillsborough County, Florida. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 30,736.

Geography


University is located at 28°4'11" North, 82°26'14" West (28.069644, -82.437091)1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 10.0 km² (3.9 mi²). 10.0 km² (3.9 mi²) of it is land and 0.26% is water.

Demographics


As of the census of 2000, there are 30,736 people, 13,623 households, and 5,748 families residing in the town. The population density is 3,066.5/km² (7,941.3/mi²). There are 15,494 housing units at an average density of 1,545.8/km² (4,003.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 51.30% White, 34.06% African American, 0.41% Native American, 3.61% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 6.37% from other races, and 4.17% from two or more races. 19.31% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 13,623 households out of which 24.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 18.1% are married couples living together, 18.4% have a female householder with no husband present, and 57.8% are non-families. 41.7% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.12 and the average family size is 2.96. In the town the population is spread out with 22.8% under the age of 18, 22.1% from 18 to 24, 32.5% from 25 to 44, 12.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 27 years. For every 100 females there are 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 94.8 males. The median income for a household in the town is $22,090, and the median income for a family is $24,094. Males have a median income of $22,419 versus $20,219 for females. The per capita income for the town is $13,417. 31.3% of the population and 24.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 39.6% are under the age of 18 and 14.0% are 65 or older.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "University, Florida."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: University

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField
UNEnglishUniversity of NatalN/A

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Synonyms within Context: University

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Learning

Go to school, go to college, go to the university; matriculate; serve an (or one's) apprenticeship, serve one's time; learn one's trade; be informed; be taught.

School

Noun: school, academy, university, alma mater, college, seminary, Lyceum; institution; palaestra, Gymnasium, class, seminar.

Teaching

Elementary education, primary education, secondary education, technical education, college education, collegiate education, military education, university education, liberal education, classical education, religious education, denominational education, moral education, secular education; propaedeutics, moral tuition.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: University

English words defined with "university": Cambridge University, Carnegie-Mellon University, city university, Cornell University ♦ Harvard University ♦ Oxford University ♦ Paris University, Princeton University ♦ redbrick university ♦ Stanford University ♦ The Regents of the University of the State of New York ♦ University of Chicago, University of Paris, university student ♦ Yale university. (references)
Specialty definitions using "university": BUSINESS MANAGER, COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY ♦ California State University San Marcos, Carnegie Mellon University, Chalmers University of Technology, Colours of the University Boats, etc ♦ Eastern Washington University ♦ Hospitals, University ♦ New York University ♦ Open University ♦ Purdue University ♦ Queen's University ♦ REGISTRAR, COLLEGE OR UNIVERSITY, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University ♦ State University of New York ♦ university degree, University of Arizona, University of California at Berkeley, University of Durham, University of East London, University of Edinburgh, University of Hawaii, University of Iceland, University of London Computing Centre, University of Michigan, University of Michigan Digital Library Project, University of Minnesota, University of Nijmegen, University of Pennsylvania, University of Tasmania. (references)
Etymologies containing "university": sophomore. (references)

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Modern Usage: University

DomainUsage

Screenplays

You're 5 foot and nothin', a hundred and nothin', not one ounce of athletic ability, yet you hung in with the best college football team in the land and are gonna walk out of here with a degree from the University of Notre Dame (Rudy; writing credit: Angelo Pizzo)

It's like kindergarten, school, university, black hole (Peter's Friends; writing credit: Martin Bergmann and Rita Rudner.)

What little I knew about seial killers I learned in a university library (