Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Unfortunate |
UnfortunateAdjective1. Not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune; "an unfortunate turn of events"; "an unfortunate decision"; "unfortunate investments"; "an unfortunate night for all concerned". 2. Not auspicious; boding ill. 3. Unsuitable or regrettable; "an unfortunate choice of words"; "an unfortunate speech". Noun1. A person who suffers misfortune. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "unfortunate" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Dream Interpretation | To dream that you are unfortunate, is significant of loss to yourself, and trouble for others. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonyms: UnfortunateSynonyms: inauspicious (adj), unfortunate person (n). (additional references) |
| Antonyms: auspicious (adj), fortunate (adj). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Adversity | Adjective: unfortunate, unblest, unhappy, unlucky; improsperous, unprosperous; hoodooed; luckless, hapless; out of luck; in trouble, in a bad way, in an evil plight; under a cloud; clouded; ill off, badly off; in adverse circumstances; poor; behindhand, down in the world, decayed, undone; on the road to ruin, on its last legs, on the wane; in one's utmost need. |
Failure | Adjective: unsuccessful, successless; failing, tripping;Verb: at fault; unfortunate. |
Libertine | Adulteress, advoutress, courtesan, prostitute, strumpet, harlot, whore, punk, fille de joie; woman, woman of the town; streetwalker, Cyprian, miss, piece; frail sisterhood; demirep, wench, trollop, trull, baggage, hussy, drab, bitch, jade, skit, rig, quean, mopsy, minx, harridan; unfortunate, unfortunate female, unfortunate woman; woman of easy virtue; (unchaste); wanton, fornicatress; Jezebel, Messalina, Delilah, Thais, Phryne, Aspasia, Lais, lorette, cocotte, petite dame, grisette; demimonde; chippy; sapphist; spiritual wife; white slave. |
Pain | Unfortunate; (hapless); to be pitied, doomed, devoted, accursed, undone, lost, stranded; fey. |
Untimeliness | Adjective: ill-timed, mistimed; ill-fated, ill-omened, ill-starred; untimely, unseasonable; out of date, out of season; inopportune, timeless, intrusive, untoward, mal a propos, unlucky, inauspicious, infelicitous, unbefitting, unpropitious, unfortunate, unfavorable; unsuited; inexpedient. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Good, because it would be unfortunate if I had to leave a garrison here (Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back; writing credit: George Lucas; Leigh Brackett) Poor unfortunate girl (Strangers on a Train; writing credit: Raymond Chandler; Whitfield Cook) Well how unfortunate for you because that's exactly what I'm going to do (Oliver Twist; writing credit: Alan Bleasdale; Charles Dickens) Most unfortunate. A diode blew in one of the life support computers (The Hitch Hikers Guide to the Galaxy; writing credit: Douglas Adams; John Lloyd) I do apologize ladies and gentlemen, events do seem to have taken a most unfortunate turn (School for Scoundrels; writing credit: Hal E. Chester; Patricia Moyes) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Unfortunate Bride (1932) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Weeks Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. An unfortunate squid on the dock after being caught. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). | ![]() | The unfortunate "barb" who is left to the promiscuous friendships of the cheap boarding house. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Cartoon, on poverty in New York City, showing man, labeled "deserving, but out of work," standing in snowstorm looking at sign marked "police station lodging for unfortunate wayfarers, closed by order of T. Roosevelt". Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Democritus | The wrongdoer is more unfortunate than the man wronged. |
F. L. Lucan | Nobody ever chooses the already unfortunate as objects of his loyal friendship. |
Jean De La Fontaine | The fastidious are unfortunate; nothing satisfies them. |
Robert Green Ingersoll | Justice should remove the bandage from her eyes long enough to distinguish between the vicious and the unfortunate. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | The examples of particular injustice, or oppression of here and there an unfortunate man, moves them not. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Sylvie and Bruno | Carroll, Lewis | The driver ran out to his assistance, and he and I together raised the unfortunate cyclist and carried him into the shop |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Never had the two ideas that governed the unfortunate man whose sufferings we are relating, engaged in so serious a struggle |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | We are an unfortunate priestridden race and always were and always will be the end of the chapter |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | In the mean time I here conclude the second part of my unfortunate voyages |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | Listen to every zephyr for some reproof, for it is surely there, and he is unfortunate who does not hear it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | This is unfortunate, because diapering can lead to diminished self-esteem, as well as skin irritation and sores. (references) | |
The social isolation is unfortunate but may be reduced because treatment can improve bowel control and make incontinence easier to manage. (references) | ||
Business | Also, after the unfortunate hijacking of Indian Airlines flight IC 814 from Kathmandu, the GoI plans to buy sophisticated security equipment for all airports. (references) | |
An unfortunate result of this rapid change is that ecologically sound means for disposing of old cars have not kept pace. Piles of old cars are getting higher every year and will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. (references) | ||
Economic History | Bolivia | As a result of lower export prices, unfortunate weather conditions and an international financial crisis in the region, economic growth declined and registered negative annual per capita income growth. (references) |
Minorities | Hungary | After several failed attempts to register a complaint with the police, one of the Rom took a hidden camera to the police station and recorded the police officer threatening to beat him and stating that it was unfortunate he had not been killed during the incident. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FELON, n. A person of greater enterprise than discretion, who in embracing an opportunity has formed an unfortunate attachment. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Henry Hyde | Well, I think it's unfortunate because it does diminish the impact of the president's wishes over in that part of the world. |
Russell Crowe | The first day of shooting was basically the day after the Academy Awards, which was unfortunate for me, because I had to put celebrations off. And I'm, you know, I'm one for the celebrations. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | The refusal was founded on a novel and unfortunate exposition of the provisions of the Constitution relating to the militia. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Some more liberal policy than that which now prevails in reference to this unfortunate class of citizens is certainly due to them, and would prove beneficial to the country. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | But we will not heed those who wring it from the hopes of the unfortunate here in a land of plenty. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | We owe it to the unfortunate to be aware of their plight and to help them in every way we can. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Unfortunate" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 91.00% of the time. "Unfortunate" is used about 1,132 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 91% | 1,030 | 7,208 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 6.18% | 70 | 39,981 |
| Noun (singular) | 2.38% | 27 | 66,962 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.26% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.18% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,132 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "unfortunate": be unfortunate ♦ be unfortunate in life ♦ how very unfortunate for you ♦ unfortunate habit ♦ unfortunate person. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "unfortunate": unfortunate-looking. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "unfortunate"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | lumëmadh (unhappy), i zi (black, bold, coaly, darksome, ebon, ebony, inky, mourning, nigrescent, pitchy, Raven, sable, sooty), i pavend (Amiss, improper, inappropriate, indiscreet, inept, inopportune, irrelevant, off-key, preposterous, unbecoming, uncalled for, unjust, unplaced), i pasuksesshëm (abortive, ineffective, unsuccessful), i pafat (hapless, ill fated, ill-omened, ill-starred, inauspicious, infelicitous, luckless, unblessed, unchancy, unlucky, unsuccessful, untoward), i ngratë (poor), i mjeruar (deplorable, wretched), i gjorë (piteous, poor, unlucky), fatkeq (calamitous, fortuneless, hapless, ill fated, ill-omened, miserable, unhappy, unlucky, washout, wretched). (various references) | |
Arabic | يؤسف له (regrettable, unlucky), مشؤوم (disastrous, ill-omened, inauspicious, ominous, sinister, unlucky), غير ملائم (awkward, awkwardly, clumsy, disadvantageous, inadequate, inapplicable, inapposite, inappropriate, inapt, incommensurate, inconvenient, inept, unfriendly, unhandy, unseemly, unsuitable, untidy, untimely), تعيس (miserable, poor thing, unhappy, wretched), سئ الحظ (infelicitous), المنبوذ (castaway, outcast), التعيس (miserable, wretch), بائس (afflicted, cheerless, deplorable, desolate, devil, disconsolate, distressed, forlorn, godforsaken, hapless, heel, helpless, lamentable, measly, miserable, paltry, pathetic, penurious, piteous, pitiful, poor, poverty stricken, ratty, sad, scruffy, seedy, sickly, sordid, squalid, unhappy, woeful, wretched). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | неуместен (ill-judged, impertinent, improper, inapposite, inappropriate, incongruous, inconsequent, inept, inexpedient, injudicious, inopportune, irrelevant, mistaken, out of place, unadvised, uncalled for, unseasonable, unsuitable), несполучлив (dud, fortuneless, ineffectual, unhappy), нещастник (bastard, wretch), нещастен (abject, hapless, ill fated, ill-starred, inauspicious, lack-all, lorn, poor, sick, unblessed, unchancy, unhappy, unlucky, woeful, wretched), злочест (hapless, ill fated, miserable, star-crossed, unhappy, woebegone, wretched), злополучен (hapless, infelicitous, unlucky), бездомник (outcast, waif), проститутка (doxy, drab, fancy girl, fancy woman, harlot, hooker, night bird, night walker, prostitute, punk, scarlet woman, strumpet, tart, tootsy, tramp, trollop, trot, trull, wench, whore). (various references) | |
Chinese | 不幸 (adversity, misfortune, sad, unfortunately). (various references) | |
Czech | nechvalný, neblahý (baleful, calamitous, dire, fateful, hapless, harmful, ill fated, ill-starred, inauspicious, ominous, sinister, unlucky), neúspìšný (failed, flop, ineffective, ineffectual, unlucky, unsuccessful). (various references) | |
Dutch | ongelukkige. (various references) | |
Esperanto | malfeliĉulo. (various references) | |
Farsi | مایه تاسف , ناشی ازبدبختی , بدبخت (Gray, Infelicitous, Miserable, Sorry, Unblessed, Unblest, Unhappy, Woeful, Wretch, Wretched). (various references) | |
Finnish | valitettava (deplorable, regrettable), onneton (unhappy, unlucky), ikävä (boredom, dull, longing, regret, tedious, tedium, tiresome, uninteresting, unpleasant). (various references) | |
French | malheureux (unhappy, unlucky). (various references) | |
German | unglückselig (disastrous, fated, hapless, ill fated, ill-omened, lamentable, lamentably, miserable, unlucky), unglückliche (accidental, haplessly, unlucky). (various references) | |
Greek | κακότυχοσ (hoodoo, ill fated, jinx, luckless, unlucky), άμοιροσ (hapless), άτυχοσ (Jonah, luckless, unlucky), ατυχήσ (hapless, infelicitous, unhappy), δυστυχής. (various references) | |
Hebrew | מסכן (hapless, miserable, pitiful, poor, poor thing, wretched), אמל (anamel, unhappy), אמול (depressed, wretched), אומלל (disconsolate, feeble, hapless, miserable, poor, unhappy, wretched), חסר מזל (luckless, star-crossed), ביש מזל (luckless, unlucky, untoward). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szerencsétlen (calamitous, catastrophic, disastrous, fey, hapless, ill fated, ill-starred, luckless, misadventurous, miserable, sad, star-crossed, stiff, to sink money in an unfortunate undertaking, unchancy, unhappy, unlucky, untoward, woeful, woesome, wretched), peches (down on one's luck, luckless, stiff, to be down on one's luck, unlucky). (various references) | |
Indonesian | sungguh sial. (various references) | |
Italian | sventurato (unlucky), sfortunato (hapless, ill fated, luckless, unlucky, unsuccessful), povero (abject, arm, bare, beggarly, dismal, indigent, meager, meagre, miserable, needy, poor, poor man, wretched), misero (abject, dismal, forlorn, meager, mean, miserable, narrow, poor, poverty stricken, scanty, spare, squalid, wretched), disgraziato (hapless, miserable, sorrowful, unhappy, unlucky, woeful, woesome, wretch, wretched). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | お"憎さま (unfortunate person), 悪縁 (evil destiny or connection, unfortunate love), 係り合い (unfortunate relationship). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | おあいにくさま (that's too bad, unfortunate person), かかりあい (involvement, unfortunate relationship), あくえ" (evil destiny or connection, unfortunate love). (various references) | |
Korean | 불운한 (hapless). (various references) | |
Manx | meehaghyrtagh, meefortanagh (ill-fated, ill-starred), mee-aighar, drogh-aighagh (ill-natured, malicious, malignant), donney (bad, bad of food, calamitous, ill-advised, inauspicious, very ill, woeful). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ortunateunfay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | infeliz (devoted, disastrous, evil, hapless, ill-fated, ill-omened, ill-starred, inauspicious, infelicitous, jonah, luckless, sorrowful, unblessed, unhappy, unluckily, unlucky, unsuccessful, wretch, wretched), desgraçado (abject, miserable, poor, unblessed, unlucky, woeful, woesome, wretch, wretched). (various references) | |
Romanian | trist (bleak, blue, cheerless, dark, darkish, depressing, dispirited, doleful, dolefully, dolorous, downcast, drab, dreary, dull, dumpish, elegiac, glum, joyless, lamenting, maudlin, melancholy, miserable, mournful, mournfully, pensive, pensively, rueful, sad, sadly, sorrowful, splenetic, sullen, tough, unhappy, woebegone, woeful), supãrãtor (annoying, bad, bothersome, disappointing, dreadful, grating, hurtful, importunate, inconvenient, inopportune, intrusively, invidious, irksome, irritating, irritatingly, jumpy, mischief-makering, niggling, obtrusively, painful, provoking, provokingly, tedious, troublesome, unlucky, unwelcome, vexatious, vexing), regretabil (deplorable, grievous, lamentable, lamenting, regrettable, sad, unhappy, wretched), prostituatã (call girl, chippy, doxy, drab, harlot, Moll, prostitute, strumpet, whore), oropsit (forsaken, ground-down, homeless, lorn, persecuted, tormented, tortured), nenorocos (hapless, ill, ill fated, ill-omened, ill-starred, infelicitous, luckless, unhappy, unlucky), nenorocit (abject, baleful, disastrous, forlorn, grievous, grub, hapless, lame duck, mean, measly, miser, miserable, pilgarlic, rascal, rotten, sad, scullion, unhappy, wretch, wretched), nefericit (ill fated, infelicitous, miserable, unhappy, unlucky, wretch, wretched), ghinionist (failure, lame duck, luckless, unhappy, unlucky, unlucky man), chinuit (agitated, overdone, over-elaborate, uneasy, worried, wretched), biet (miserable, piteous, poor, unlucky). (various references) | |
Russian | неудачный (abortive, failed, infelicitous, unchancy, unlucky, unsuccessful, untoward). (various references) | |
Scottish | mì-fhortanach. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | neuspešan (bad job, fizzy, ineffectual, inefficacious, unsuccessful), nesretan (distressful, distressing, hapless, unhappy), nesrećan (calamitous, down in the mouth, fortuneless, graceless, inauspicious, infelicitous, miserable, unchancy, unhappy, unlucky), nepovoljan (unfavorable, unfavourable, ungracious, unlucky, untoward). (various references) | |
Spanish | inoportuno (ill-time, inconvenient, inexpedient, inopportune, irrelevant, unfitting, unhappy, unpassable, unseasonable, untimely, wrong), infortunado, infeliz (infelicitous, unhappy, unlucky, unsuccessful, wretch, wretched), funesto (baleful, baneful, black, disastrous, evil, fatal, fell, ill fated, pernicious), desventurado (hapless, timid, troubled, unlucky), desgraciado (clumsy, loser, miserable, poor, sad sack, schlemiel, skate, unhandily, unhappy, unlucky, unskillful, wretch), desdichado (hapless, ill fated, ill-starred, miserable, unhappy, wretched). (various references) | |
Swedish | olycklig (afflicted, distressed, fortuneless, hapless, ill fated, ill-starred, infelicitous, luckless, unhappy, unlucky, untoward, wretched), beklaglig (deplorable, pitiable, regrettable). (various references) | |
Tagalog | kasamaang. (various references) | |
Turkish | tâlihsiz (cursed, disastrous, down on one's luck, evil, grief-stricken, hapless, ill fated, ill-omened, ill-starred, inauspicious, infelicitous, star-crossed, unlucky), mutsuz (infelicitous, joyless, unhappy, woebegone), bahtsız (down on one's luck, fortuneless, hapless, ill fated), başarısız (abortive, ineffective, ineffectual, inefficacious, unfruitful, unlucky, unsuccessful), şanssız kimse, şanssız (distressed, down on one's luck, evil, fortuneless, hapless, ill fated, ill-starred, inauspicious, luckless, out of luck, star-crossed, unhappy, unlucky, unsuccessful, untoward), aksi (adverse, awkward, bad tempered, bilious, bloody minded, cantankerous, contra, contra-, contrary, counter, crabbed, crabby, cross, cross-grained, crosspatch, crotchety, doggish, dour, evil, fractious, fretful, Froward, gruff, ill natured, ill tempered, ill-humored, ill-humoured, inverse, negatory, opposite, peevish, perverse, petulant, recalcitrant, refractory, reverse, shirty, snappish, snuffy, spleenful, spleenish, stroppy, stubborn, sullen, surly, tart, testy, unfavorable, unfavourable, unhappy, unlucky, untoward, wrongheaded). (various references) | |
Turkmen | gцrgьli (unfortunate person). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | нещасний (abject, disastrous, poor, sinister, wretched), невдаха (dud, fail, flop, loser, might-have-been, misfit, never-was, underdog, washout), невдалий (abortive, awry, bad, failed, ineffectual, infelicitous, lame, nasty, naughty, unhappy, unlucky, wide), природжений ідіот, повія (baggage, bawd, call girl, cat, chippy, harlot, jilt, quean, streetwalker, strumpet, trollop, wagtail, whore, witch). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | rủi ro (hapless, inauspicious, luckless), người không may, người bất hạnh (devil), người bạc mệnh, không may (baleful, hapless, inauspicious, luckless, unchancy, unlucky, untoward), bất như ý; tai hại, bất hạnh đáng bu"n, đáng tiếc (regrettable). (various references) | |
Welsh | trwch (broken, wicked), anhylwydd, anffodus. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | conclamate, infelices, infelix, infortunatus, misellus, miser, misera, miseram, miseri, miseris, misero, miseros, miserrima. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | heardlice. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "unfortunate": unfortunately, unfortunates. (additional references) | |
| |
"Unfortunate" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: unfortuanate, unfortuneate, unfoutunate. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "unfortunate" (pronounced unfô"rkhunut or unfô"rkhuwnut) |
| 8 | -f ô" r kh u n u t | fortunate. |
| 4 | -u n u t | affectionate, baronet, bicarbonate, cabinet, compassionate, coordinate, definite, diaconate, dispassionate, disproportionate, effeminate, extortionate, geminate, indefinite, indeterminate, indiscriminate, infinite, innominate, inordinate, laminate, obstinate, passionate, proportionate, sultanate. |
| 3 | -n u t | alternate, Bennet, bluebonnet, bonnet, incarnate, electromagnet, ferromagnet, garnet, granite, hornet, magnate, magnet, minute, peanut, Pinot, planet, rennet, senate, Sennet, tenet, unit. |
| 3 | -n u t | alternate, affectionate, baronet, Bennet, bicarbonate, bluebonnet, bonnet, cabinet, compassionate, coordinate, incarnate, definite, diaconate, dispassionate, disproportionate, effeminate, electromagnet, extortionate, ferromagnet, fortunate, garnet, geminate, granite, hornet, indefinite, indeterminate, indiscriminate, infinite, innominate, inordinate, laminate, magnate, magnet, minute, obstinate, passionate, peanut, Pinot, planet, proportionate, rennet, senate, Sennet, sultanate, tenet, unit. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-f-n-n-o-r-t-t-u-u" | |
-2 letters: fortunate. | |
-3 letters: unornate. | |
-4 letters: entrant, fenuron, fortune, neutron, outearn, outrate, outturn, tartufe, taunter, tonneau, turnout. | |
-5 letters: atoner, attorn, attune, auteur, fanner, fatten, fatter, funner, furane, future, natron, natter, nature, neuron, nonart, nonfat, notate, nutant, nutate, nutter, ornate, outate, outeat, outran, outrun, ratten, ratton, rotate, rotten, runout, tanner, tauten, tauter, tenant, tenour, tenuto, tonner, torten. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-f-n-n-o-r-t-t-u-u" | |
+1 letter: unfortunates. | |
+2 letters: unfortunately. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Spoken 12. Quotations: Speeches | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Translations: Ancient 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
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