Ultracentrifuge

Definition: Ultracentrifuge

Ultracentrifuge

Noun

1. A high speed centrifuge used to determine the relative molecular masses of large molecules in high polymers and proteins.

Specialty Definition: Ultracentrifuge

The ultracentrifuge is a centrifuge optimized for spinning a rotor at very high speeds, capable of generating G forces as high as 1,000,000 G. There are basically two kinds of ultracentrifuges, the preparative and the analytical ultracentrifuge. The second, however, is more theoretically important and we will focus on the discussion of the analytical ultracentrifuge. Theodor Svedberg invented the analytical ultracentrifuge in 1925, and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1926 for his invention.

With the analytical ultracentrifuge, the sample being spun is observable through an optical detection system that allows the operator to observe the sample concentration in real time during the experiment. With modern instrumentation, these observations are electronically stored and computerized and can be analyzed after the fact. Two kinds of experiments are commonly performed on these instruments, sedimentation velocity experiments and sedimentation equilibrium experiments. The first are sensitive to both the shape and molecular weight of the sample being studied, whereas the second are insensitive to the shape, but are sensitive to the molecular weight of the sample being studied.

The kinds of information that can be discerned from a good analytical ultracentrifuge include the shape of macromolecules, the conformational changes in macromolecules, subunit stoichiometry of macromolecules, approximate molecular weights, and equilibrium constantss for self associating systems.

Further information

Analytical Ultracentrifugation as a Contemporary Biomolecular Research Tool

http://www.abrf.org/JBT/1999/December99/dec99cole.html

Synonyms within Context: Ultracentrifuge

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Rotation	Carousel, merry-go-round; Ferris wheel; top, dreidel,teetotum; gyroscope; turntable, lazy suzan; screw, whirligig, rollingstone, water wheel, windmill; wheel, pulley wheel, roulette wheel, potter's wheel, pinwheel, gear; roller; flywheel; jack; caster; centrifuge, ultracentrifuge, bench centrifuge, refrigerated centrifuge, gas centrifuge, microfuge; drill, augur, oil rig; wagon wheel, wheel, tire, tyre.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Ultracentrifuge

Modern Translation: Ultracentrifuge

Derivations & Misspellings: Ultracentrifuge

Derivations
	Words beginning with "ultracentrifuge": ultracentrifuged, ultracentrifuges. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Ultracentrifuge" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ultracentrifuged. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Anagrams: Ultracentrifuge

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-c-e-e-f-g-i-l-n-r-r-t-t-u-u"
	-3 letters: interculture.
	-4 letters: agriculture, centrifugal, fluctuating, reluctating.
	-5 letters: centrifuge, clattering, cluttering, eructating, flattering, fluttering, fracturing, geniculate, intergraft, literature, realtering, recreating, reflecting, refractile, refracting, reticulate, retractile, retracting, retreating, reuttering, trifurcate, ulcerating, ungraceful, ungrateful.
	Words containing the letters "a-c-e-e-f-g-i-l-n-r-r-t-t-u-u"
	+1 letter: ultracentrifuged, ultracentrifuges.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Expression	Frequency per Day
ultracentrifuge	15
beckman ultracentrifuge	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Language		Translations for "ultracentrifuge"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Chinese		高速离心器. (various references)

Pig Latin		acentrifugeultray
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Ultracentrifuge

Definition: Ultracentrifuge