Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Turning |
TurningAdjective1. Turning about an axis. Noun1. The act of changing or reversing the direction of the course; "he took a turn to the right". 2. Act of changing in practice or custom: "the law took many turnings over the years". 3. A movement in a new direction; "the turning of the wind". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "turning" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Industry | See rose-engine turning: when a pot is "leather-hard", it may be turned on a lathe and either smoothed or patterned. Source: European Union. (references) |
Language | Finishing operation on pottery ware, using a machine somewhat similar to a wood-turners lathes. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mechanical Engineering | Turning operation producing the outer surface(contour)of the workpiece. Source: European Union. (references) |
Sports & Leisure | The manoeuvre by which a parachutist turns his body, generally to face the direction of drift, by pulling on particular rigging lines. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonyms: TurningSynonyms: revolving (adj), rotating (adj), wheeling (adj), turn (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Cause | Pivot, hinge, turning point, lever, crux, fulcrum; key; proximate cause, causa causans; straw that breaks the camel's back. |
Circuition | Turning; Verb: wrench; evolution; coil, corkscrew. |
Adjective: turning; Verb: circuitous; circumforaneous, circumfluent. | |
Circumstance | Predicament; emergence, emergency; exigency, crisis, pinch, pass, push; occurrence; turning point. |
End | Break up, commencement de la fin, last stage, turning point; coup de grace, deathblow; knock-out, -blow; sockdolager. |
Limit | Ircumvallation; pillars of Hercules; Rubicon, turning point; ne plus ultra; sluice, floodgate. |
Occasion | Crisis, turn, juncture, conjuncture; crisis, turning point, given time. |
Permanence | Adverb: in statu quo; for good, finally; at a stand, at a standstill; uti possidetis; without a shadow of turning. |
Regression | Reversal, relapse, turning point;(reversion). |
Reversion | Turning point, turn of the tide; status quo ante bellum; calm before a storm. alternation; (periodicity); inversion; recoil; retreat, regression, retrogression; restoration; relapse, recidivism; atavism; vicinism; |
Rotation | Noun: rotation, revolution, spinning, gyration, turning about an axis, turning aound an axis, circulation, roll; circumrotation, circumvolution, circumgyration; volutation, circination, turbination, pirouette, convolution. |
Sorcery | Noun: sorcery; occult art, occult sciences; magic, the black art, necromancy, theurgy, thaumaturgy; demonology, demonomy, demonship; diablerie, bedevilment; witchcraft, witchery; glamor; fetishism, fetichism, feticism; ghost dance, hoodoo; obi, obiism; voodoo, voodooism; Shamanism, vampirism; conjuration; bewitchery, exorcism, enchantment, mysticism, second sight, mesmerism, animal magnetism; od force, odylic force; electrobiology, clairvoyance; spiritualism, spirit rapping, table turning. |
Straightness | Verb: be straight; Adjective: have no turning; not incline to either side, not bend to either side, not turn to either side, not deviate to either side; go straight; steer for; (directions). |
Summit | Noun: summit, summity; top, peak, vertex, apex, zenith, pinnacle, acme, culmination, meridian, utmost height, ne plus utra, height, pitch, maximum, climax, culminating point, crowning point, turning point; turn of the tide, fountain head; water shed, water parting; sky, pole. |
Thought | Phrase: the mind being on the stretch; the mind turning upon, the head turning upon, the mind running upon; " divinely, bent to meditation "; en toute chose il faut considerer la fin; " fresh-pluckt from bowers of never-failing thought "; " go speed the stars of Thought "; " in maiden meditation fancy-free "; " so sweet is zealous contemplation "; " the power of thought is the magic of the Mind "; " those that think must govern those that toil "; " thought is parent of the deed ";Phrase: the mind being on the stretch; the mind turning upon, the head turning upon, the mind running upon; " divinely, bent to meditation "; en toute chose il faut considerer la fin; " fresh-pluckt from bowers of never-failing thought "; " go speed the stars of Thought "; " in maiden meditation fancy-free "; " so sweet is zealous contemplation "; " the power of thought is the magic of the Mind "; " those that think must govern those that toil "; " thought is parent of the deed "; " thoughts in attitudes imperious "; " thoughts that breathe and words that burn "; vivere est cogitare; Volk der Dichter und Denker. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Turning |
| English words defined with "turning": Turning and boring mill. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "turning": back turning ♦ finish turning ♦ profile turning ♦ TURNING LATHE TENDER, TURNING MACHINE SET-UP OPERATOR, turning up. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "turning": Zoetrope. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I haven't even touched you yet and you're turning into the Sears Tower (American Pie 2; writing credit: Adam Herz; David H. Steinberg) After this, there is no turning back (The Matrix; writing credit: Andy Wachowski; Larry Wachowski) I spent the last of my life savings turning my van into a dog. It cost me 200 bucks for the alarm system alone (Dumb and Dumber; writing credit: Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly, and Bennett Yellin.) Really? Well, you're really turning me around here (Say Anything; writing credit: Cameron Crowe.) Now it's turning into a bad day in Bosnia (Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels; writing credit: Guy Ritchie) | |
Lyrics | Where were you when the world stopped turning on that September day (Where Were You (When The World Stopped Turning); performing artist: Alan Jackson) I know you're gonna keep turning away (An Innocent Man; performing artist: Billy Joel) Makes you wonder how the world keeps turning (Everyday; performing artist: Bon Jovi) There is no turning back (Fighter; performing artist: CHRISTINA AGUILERA) Turning in my sleep (Something So Strong; performing artist: Crowded House) | |
Clever | To keep milk from turning sour, keep it in the cow. (references; author: unknown) Death is not totally extinguishing the light, but turning off the lamp because the dawn has come. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Turning the Fables (1960) The Turning Point (1952) 'Tis a Long Lane That Has No Turning (1925) The Lane That Had No Turning (1922) His Turning Point (1915) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is the Clinical Center and the Ambulatory Care and Research Facility (ACRF) viewed from Building 31. The ACRF houses outpatient clinics and some laboratories. In the foreground are trees that are just turning yellow and the sky is blue with some wispy clouds. Credit: Bill Branson (photographer). |  | Pictured is an ear of corn, the kernels are varied in color. Researchers suggest that retroviruses have additional stretches of DNA that act as switches, turning on genes when inserted next to them in the cell's chromosomes. Similar activation of genes causes the variation in pigmentation of these corn kernels. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). |
 | Turning Vanes. Credit: NASA. |  | Imagine turning your home computer into the equivalent of a professional telescope which can ... Credit: NASA. |
 | Turning its penetrating vision toward southern skies, the Hubble telescope has peered down a ... Credit: NASA. |  | Turning in the government property when it looked like there were no more funds Triangulation party of Wilbur Porter. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Lieutenant Commander Harley Nygren turning angles on the Alaska Peninsula It looks like a chilly September day. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | A derelict ferry at the Turning Basin site adjacent to Kenco Marine and a Coastal America site. The ferry has since been removed as part of the restoration project. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Turning Basin, Elliott Bay. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Figure 37. Falconetti and Vaissiere turning net devised by Raymond Vaissiere and Claude Falconetti of the University of Nice in 1972. Top: the equipment. Bottom: in operating position. This net was designed to capture plankton and the larvae of benthic species at a small distance off the bottom. It was able to stay under water for prolonged periods and easy to use. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Turning Leaf" by Anthony Hall Commentary: "Again playing around with close ups. Leaf with great color." | "Dj turning the record" by Bas V.d Eykhof Commentary: "Dj making his move." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Machine turning off then horn beeping repeatedly. | | Blender turning on and motor running. |
| Turning on electric hair clippers and shaving hair. | | Furnace turning on and warming up. |
| Turning the page of a magazine. | | Turning the car alarm on or off using a key chain remote control. |
| Turning the doorknob. | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Author Unknown | You can't plow a field by turning it over in your mind. |
Herodotus | Men's fortunes are on a wheel, which in its turning suffers not the same man to prosper for ever. |
William Hazlitt | We grow tired of everything but turning others into ridicule, and congratulating ourselves on their defects. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | As they were turning into the grounds, Mr. Perry passed by on horseback |
Sylvie and Bruno Concluded | Carroll, Lewis | I must be turning soon |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | As they were turning out of the Rue Clocheperce, a gust of wind snatched it from him, and, as night was coming on, the child could not find it again |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | The priest rose and, turning towards the altar, knelt upon the step before the tabernacle in the fallen gloom |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | And tractors turning the multiple furrows in the vacant land |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | I made the Captain a very low bow, and then turning to the Dutchman, said, I was sorry to find more mercy in a heathen, than in a brother Christian |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Metabolism -- the normal process of turning food into energy. (references) | |
Your body's cells use chemical reactions to carry out tasks such as turning food into energy and repairing tissue. (references) | ||
But the normal process of turning food into energy--metabolism--produces oxygen radicals with an odd number of electrons. (references) | ||
Business | The congressional elections were a historic turning point. (references) | |
The onset of liberalization in the early 90s saw parastatals turning more to technology to remain competitive. (references) | ||
The turning point came in 1948, when the Soviets withdrew from the Four Power governing bodies and blockaded Berlin. (references) | ||
Children | Georgia | Street children often survive by turning to criminal activity, narcotics, and prostitution. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Poland | There were no reports of the forced return of persons to a country where they feared persecution; however, the UNHCR reported isolated incidents of border guards turning away potential refugees. (references) |
Yugoslavia | However, many of those granted citizenship have retained their refugee cards instead of turning them in for Yugoslav identity cards, presumably in the belief that that the benefits of refugee status are greater than those they would receive as citizens. (references) | |
Economic History | Kiribati | The battle was a major turning point in the war for the Allies. (references) |
Kazakhstan | Turning in all requested materials from the start will facilitate processing. (references) | |
Georgia | In turning to the court system for relief, they have met with varying success. (references) | |
Human Rights | Brazil | Instead of turning the women over to police, the security guards called in local drug traffickers who beat the women. (references) |
Malawi | Police sometimes hide these abuses by keeping prisoners in police custody until wounds heal before turning them over to the prison system for remand. (references) | |
Iran | In an interview published in a newspaper, Kadivar criticized certain government officials for turning criticism against them into alleged crimes against the State. (references) | |
Political Economy | GERMANY | In other cases, associations are turning a "blind eye" to firm-level negotiations. (references) |
Political Rights | Mexico | The observers described the election as a historic turning point and made recommendations for further electoral reform. (references) |
Ukraine | While most observers agreed that there were few procedural irregularities on voting day, the period leading up to the referendum was marked by unbalanced media coverage and inappropriate involvement of Government officials in turning out the vote and influencing voters on behalf of President Kuchma. (references) | |
Trade | Switzerland | To overcome this, Swiss exporters are turning to agents or their own subsidiaries in the EU to obtain equivalent certification under the EN 29000 series of European Quality Management Standards, or double certification through an international network of private quality management associations. (references) |
Worker Rights | Azerbaijan | There is no evidence of government complicity in the facilitation of the trafficking of persons; however, NGO's suspect that lower-level civil servants accept bribes from traffickers in exchange for turning a blind eye to their activities. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SHERIFF, n. In America the chief executive office of a country, whose most characteristic duties, in some of the Western and Southern States, are the catching and hanging of rogues. John Elmer Pettibone Cajee (I write of him with little glee) Was just as bad as he could be. 'Twas frequently remarked: "I swon! The sun has never looked upon So bad a man as Neighbor John." A sinner through and through, he had This added fault: it made him mad To know another man was bad. In such a case he thought it right To rise at any hour of night And quench that wicked person's light. Despite the town's entreaties, he Would hale him to the nearest tree And leave him swinging wide and free. Or sometimes, if the humor came, A luckless wight's reluctant frame Was given to the cheerful flame. While it was turning nice and brown, All unconcerned John met the frown Of that austere and righteous town. "How sad," his neighbors said, "that he So scornful of the law should be -- An anar c, h, i, s, t." (That is the way that they preferred To utter the abhorrent word, So strong the aversion that it stirred.) "Resolved," they said, continuing, "That Badman John must cease this thing Of having his unlawful fling. "Now, by these sacred relics" -- here Each man had out a souvenir Got at a lynching yesteryear -- "By these we swear he shall forsake His ways, nor cause our hearts to ache By sins of rope and torch and stake. "We'll tie his red right hand until He'll have small freedom to fulfil The mandates of his lawless will." So, in convention then and there, They named him Sheriff. The affair Was opened, it is said, with prayer. J. Milton Sloluck |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Barbara Walters | You feel socialism works. It seems that the tide in the rest of the world is turning away. We see people in you country hungry. We see people going on boats and risking their lives to leave this country. Does social work. |
Dennis Miller | When I think of all the wars that have been fought over possession of the very cradle of the world's three major religions, I can't help but wonder if maybe God is slowly turning agnostic. |
Don Imus | I'm not going to reveal the questions now, stop badgering me. You are turning into Mike Wallace here. |
John McCain | Sure. There's always that possibility, but I believe that there are very capable professionals in the Justice Department, and I think that the attorney general made the right decision turning this situation over to them. |
Ross Perot | Volunteer for the military, volunteer for the ROTC as you go through college. And believe me, it would be one of the greatest experiences of your life in terms of turning girls into women and boys into men. |
Rush Limbaugh | The communist system is destroying a country that used to be referred to as Africa's breadbasket, and turning it into a wasteland by stealing farms. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | In turning our attention to the condition of the civilized world, in which the United States have always taken a deep interest, it is gratifying to see how large a portion of it is blessed with peace. |
Warren G. Harding | 1921-1923 | Peoples are turning from destruction to production. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | To get the wheels turning, I have appointed an emergency housing expediter. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | While I cannot report the desired progress in the pacification effort, the very distinguished and able Ambassador, Henry Cabot Lodge, reports that South Vietnam is turning to this task with a new sense of urgency. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | As we reach toward our hopes, our task is to build on what has gone before--not turning away from the old, but turning toward the new. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | The developing nations are also at a turning point. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | We've made a good start on turning the gobbledygook of Federal regulations into plain English that people can understand. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | We have come to a turning point, a moment for hard decisions. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | But my thoughts have been turning the past few days to those who would be watching at home, to an older fellow who will throw a salute by himself when the flag goes by, and the women who will tell her sons the words of the battle hymns. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | They've done a great deal to highlight the importance of family in our life, and now they're turning their attention to getting more parents involved in their children's learning all the way through school. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Turning" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 93.81% of the time. "Turning" is used about 5,711 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 93.81% | 5,357 | 1,825 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 4.27% | 244 | 19,120 |
| Noun (singular) | 1.59% | 91 | 34,491 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.33% | 19 | 80,337 |
| Total | 100.00% | 5,711 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "turning". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Jogli | N/A | Biblical | Turning back |
| Juttah | N/A | Biblical | Turning away |
| Shebuel | N/A | Biblical | Turning |
| Shobai | N/A | Biblical | Turning captivity |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "turning": back turning ♦ cam turning ♦ Engine turning ♦ finish turning ♦ Flange turning ♦ form turning ♦ head turning reflex ♦ internal turning ♦ northerly turning error ♦ profile turning ♦ Table turning ♦ the second turning to the left ♦ turning and boring mill ♦ turning around ♦ turning aside ♦ turning away ♦ turning back ♦ turning bay ♦ turning bridge ♦ turning circle ♦ turning down ♦ turning down a request ♦ turning engine ♦ turning gray ♦ turning green ♦ turning inside out ♦ turning lathe ♦ turning machine ♦ turning moment ♦ turning motion ♦ turning movement ♦ turning off ♦ turning on ♦ turning over ♦ turning pages ♦ turning pair ♦ turning point ♦ turning red ♦ turning round ♦ turning shop ♦ turning sideways ♦ turning south ♦ turning up ♦ without a shadow of turning ♦ without turning a hair. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "turning": turning-away, turning-back, turning-circle, turning-in, turning-off, turning-point, turning-points. | |
Ending with "turning": slow-turning, stomach-turning, wood-turning. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "turning"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | tornitor, tornim, rrugë anësore (bypass, byroad, bystreet, byway), rrotullues (gyratory, revolving, rotary, rotational, rotative, rotatory, swivel, vertiginous), rrotullim (circumgyration, cycle, gyration, revolution, rotation, spin, torsion, traverse, turn, twirl, wheel, whirlabout). (various references) | |
Arabic | منعطف (bend, bight, curve, kink, serpentine, turn, twist), ملائمة (adaptation, fittings, reconciliation), تفرع (bisect, branch, divaricate, embranchment, fork, offshoot, ramify, schism), تدوير (rotation, twirl), خراطة (lathing, turnery), دورة (circle, cycle, inning, period, rotation, twirl), دوران (circuit, circumvolution, facing, gyration, revolution, rotation, roundness, turnover, twirl, wheel, whirl). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | стругуване, въртене (circuit, circumgyration, circumvolution, gyration, revolution, rotation, running, spin, swirl, turn, twiddle, wag, wheel, whirl, wiggle, wriggle), обръщащ, обръщане (conversion, facing, inversion, reversal, turn, turnabout, veer), напречна улица (bystreet), завъртащ, завой (bend, crook, curve, elbow, flexure, hook, return, sinuosity, sweep, tortuousity, turn, wind, winding), пресечка (confluence, crossing, crossroads, cross-roads, intersection, transversal), повратен (crucial). (various references) | |
Chinese | 转动 (rotate, rotated, rotating, spinning, Spun, Trundled, Trundling, turned, twirl, Wheeled, Wheeling). (various references) | |
Czech | toèení (spin, swing, twist, wrench), zatáèka (bend, corner, curve, roundabout, turn). (various references) | |
Danish | vending (turn), vendecirkel, udvendig drejning, svingning (fluctuation, flutter, oscillation, pivoting, spin, spin effect, swivelling, vibration), overførsel mellem siloer (inter-bin transfer), drejning (spin, spin effect, spinning, torsion, turnery), drejemanøvre. (various references) | |
Dutch | zwenken (turn, turn around, turn round), uitwendig draaien, overkuilen (inter-bin transfer), keren (abduce, halt, stop, turn, turn around, turn away, turn round), draaien (dial, pivot, roll, turn, turn around, turn round), buitendraaien, bocht (bend, curve, golf, gulf, refuse, rubbish, turn, waste), afslaan (abase, abate, aberrate, beat off, cease, come to a halt, decrease, discount, go down, halt, knock off, lower, rebate, reduce the price, reject, stop, strike off, turn). (various references) | |
Finnish | ulkosorvaaminen. (various references) | |
French | virage (turn), tournage (turn, turnery). (various references) | |
German | drehend (pirouetting, revving, rotary, swiveling, twiddling, twirling, twisting, veering, wangling). (various references) | |
Greek | στροφή (bend, curve, stanza, stave, turn, turnover, twiddle, twist, verticil, wind, winding, wrest). (various references) | |
Hebrew | פניה (addressing, appeal, application, entreaty, facing, turn), חריטה (carving, engraving, etching, turnery), חרטות (turnery), הפניה (reference, version), הסתובבות (gyration, moving around, rotation, twirl, whirl). (various references) | |
Hungarian | kanyarodás (swerve, wheeling, winding), fordulat (about face, change, corner, facing, idiom, juncture, kick in the pants, lap, locution, phrase, Rev, revolution, revolution per minute, rpm, swerve, turn, volt, wimple), fordítás (construe, rendering, rendition, trans, translation). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pembelokan (distortion, prison). (various references) | |
Italian | svolta (bend, turn). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 旋回 (revolution, rotation). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | せんさく (digging into, excavation, inquiry into, investigation, prying, scrutiny), せんかい (circling, dwelling place of hermits, pure land away from the world, revolution, rotation, shallow sea, swiveling), かいてん (monumental task, opening of shop, revolution, rotation), じてん (character dictionary, cyclopedia, dictionary, encyclopedia, occasion, point in time, rotation, runner-up, spin). (various references) | |
Korean | 도 (Circling, Rounding). (various references) | |
Manx | fooillagh deill, corneil (angle, child bed, corner, corner on road). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | urningtay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | transferência (delivery, transference), torneamento exterior, torneamento (turnery), volta (bent, circuit, detour, dog-collar, gyre, jaunt, meander, regress, return, revolution, round, roundabout, slue, spire, stroll, sweep, tour, turnabout, twiddle, twirl, twist, wimple, winding), viramento, viragem (slew, turn), rotação (circuit, rev, rolling, turn, twirl, wind), reversão (regression, return, reversal, setback), operação de tornear, desvio (break, canting, crossroad, deflection, departure, detour, deviation, deviousness, digression, diversion, leakage, meander, misapplication, roundabout, set, sidetrack, switch, turn, turnabout, veering), curva (bend, bent, bow, crook, flexion, knee, meander, turn, turnabout, twist, winding), cruzamento (concourse, criss-cross, cross, crossbreed, crossroad, crossroads, folding, frog, interlacement, lathing, network, turnabout), ângulo (angle, bend, elbow, fishhook, turn, turnabout). (various references) | |
Romanian | turnantã, viraj al unui automobil, rotitor, rotativ (rotary, rotative), pivotant (versatile), cotiturã (bend, bent, crook, curve, double, elbow, meander, turn, twist, wind, winding), cot (bend, crack, crook, cubit, curvature, curve, elbow, Ell, knee, knuckle, loop, meander, sweep, turn, twist, winding), care se învârteşte, întretãiere (crossing, crossroad), întoarcere (home, return, reversion, turn, twist), încrucişare (criss cross, cross, crossing, interbreeding, junction, meeting). (various references) | |
Russian | вращающийся (live, revolutionary, rolling, rotational, whirlabout), обход фланга, поворотный, поворот (crook, rotation, slew, swerve, tumbling, turn, turn round, turn-round, twist, veer, veering, wheeling, winding), поворачивать (bend, slue round, slues, turn, turned), перекресток (crossing, crossroad, crossroads, cross-roads, intersection, junction). (various references) | |
Scottish | tionndadh (a turn), carach (tricky, wily, winding). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | skretanje (deflection, drift, shunt, turn, veer), račvanje puta, okuka (bend, curve, quirk), okretni (gyratory), koji skreće. (various references) | |
Spanish | vuelta (change, detour, facing, gyration, lap, leg, reprise, return, revolution, round, row, spin, turn, twist, walking), torneado. (various references) | |
Swedish | vändning (locution, turn, veer), avtagsväg (by-way, side-way). (various references) | |
Turkish | tornacılık (turnery), köşe (angle, corner, gonio-, nook, quarter), dönme (apostasy, circumvolution, conversion, convert, cycle, deflection, deflexion, facing, gyration, loop, proselyte, renegade, rotation, spin, swing, torsion, tumble, turn, twist, veer, wheel, whirligig, winding), döner (floating, revolving, rolling, rotary, rotative, rotatory, swivel, turnable, winding), dönen (rotating, swimming, swivel, twisty), dönemeç (bend, curve, elbow, hook, sweep, turnout, twist, wind, winding, zag), döndürme (spinning, twisting, veer, winding, wring), dönüş (comeback, facing, gyration, regress, regression, return, return journey, Rev, rotation, spin, swing, turn, way back), çevirme (assembly, conversion, enclosure, inclosure, rotation, spin, surround, translation, twirl). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | токарне ремесло, токарний, обертання (circuit, circumvolution, rotation, whirlabout), поворот (bend, slew, slue, turn, turn off, turnabout, veer, veering, wheeling, wind), перехрестя (conjunction, crossing, crossroads). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự xoay sự đổi chiếu, sự quay (rotation, round, slue, turn), sự đổi hướng chỗ ngoặt, nghề tiện, chỗ rẽ sự tiện. (various references) | |
Welsh | trofa (bend, turn), troe%digaeth (conversion), troad (bend). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | campis, conversum, conversus, conversusque, flexus, tornaturas, versatilis. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Luke Chapter 7, Verse 44 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai strafeiV proV thn gunaika tw simwni efh blepeiV tauthn thn gunaika eishlqon sou eiV thn oikian udwr epi touV podaV mou ouk edwkaV auth de toiV dakrusin ebrexen mou touV podaV kai taiV qrixin thV kefalhV authV exemaxen |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et conversus ad mulierem dixit Simoni vides hanc mulierem intravi in domum tuam aquam pedibus meis non dedisti haec autem lacrimis rigavit pedes meos et capillis suis tersit |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | þa bewende he hyne to þam wife. and sæde simone; Gesyhst þu þis wif ic eode into þinum huse ne sealdest þu me wætan to minum fotum; þeos mid hyre tearum mine fet þwoh. and mid hyre loccum drigde; |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And he turnede to the womman, and seide to Symount, Seest thou this womman? I entride into thin hous, thou yaf no watir to my feet; but this hath moistid my feet with teeris, and wipide with hir heeris. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And he turned to the woman and sayde vnto Simon: Seist thou this woman? I entred into thy housse and thou gavest me noo water to my fete but she hath wesshed my fete with teares and wiped the with the heeres of her heed. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he turned to the woman, and said unto Simon, Seest thou this woman? I entered into thine house, thou gavest me no water for my feet: but she hath washed my feet with tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her head. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he turned to the woman, and said to Simon, Seest thou this woman? I entered into thy house, thou gavest me no water for my feet: but she hath washed my feet with tears, and wiped them with the hairs of her head. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And turning to the woman he said to Simon, You see this woman? I came into your house; you did not give me water for my feet: but she has been washing my feet with the drops from her eyes, and drying them with her hair. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Luke Chapter 7, Verse 44 |
| Cebuano | Ug sa nakaliso siya sa pag-atubang sa babaye, siya miingon kang Simon, "Nakita mo ba kining babaye? Misaka ako sa imong balay, ug wala mo ako hatagig tubig alang sa akong mga tiil; apan siya, gihumod niya ang akong mga tiil pinaagi sa iyang mga luha ug gipahiran niya kini sa iyang buhok. |
| Croatian | I okrenut ženi reèe Šimunu: "Vidiš li ovu ženu? Uðoh ti u kuæu, nisi mi vodom noge polio, a ona mi suzama noge oblila i kosom ih svojom otrla. |
| Danish | Og han vendte sig imod Kvinden og sagde til Simon: "Ser du denne Kvinde? Jeg kom ind i dit Hus; du gav mig ikke Vand til mine Fødder; men hun vædede mine Fødder med sine Tårer og aftørrede dem med sit Hår. |
| Dutch | En Hij, Zich omkerende naar de vrouw, zeide tot Simon: Ziet gij deze vrouw? Ik ben in uw huis gekomen; water hebt gij niet tot Mijn voeten gegeven; maar deze heeft Mijn voeten met tranen nat gemaakt, en met het haar van haar hoofd afgedroogd. |
| Finnish | Ja naiseen kääntyen hän sanoi Simonille: "Näetkö tämän naisen? Minä tulin sinun taloosi; et sinä antanut vettä minun jaloilleni, mutta tämä kasteli kyynelillään minun jalkani ja kuivasi ne hiuksillaan. |
| French | Puis, se tournant vers la femme, il dit à Simon: Vois-tu cette femme? Je suis entré dans ta maison, et tu ne m`as point donné d`eau pour laver mes pieds; mais elle, elle les a mouillés de ses larmes, et les a essuyés avec ses cheveux. |
| German | Und er wandte sich zu dem Weibe und sprach zu Simon: Siehest du dies Weib? Ich bin gekommen in dein Haus; du hast mir nicht Wasser gegeben zu meinen Füßen; diese aber hat meine Füße mit Tränen genetzt und mit den Haaren ihres Hauptes getrocknet. |
| Hungarian | És az asszonyhoz fordulván, monda Simonnak: Látod-é ez asszonyt? Bejövék a te házadba, az én lábaimnak vizet nem adál: ez pedig könnyeivel öntözé az én lábaimat, és fejének hajával törlé meg. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Lalu Yesus melihat kepada wanita itu dan berkata kepada Simon, "Engkau melihat wanita ini? Aku datang ke rumahmu, dan engkau tidak menyediakan air untuk membersihkan kaki-Ku; tetapi wanita ini sudah membersihkan kaki-Ku dengan air matanya, dan mengeringkannya dengan rambutnya. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Lalu berpalinglah Ia kepada perempuan itu serta berkata kepada Simon, "Engkau nampakkah perempuan ini? Bahwa Aku masuk ke rumahmu, tiada engkau memberi air akan pembasuh kaki-Ku, tetapi ia membasahkan kaki-Ku dengan air matanya, dan menyapu dengan rambutnya. |
| Italian | E volgendosi verso la donna, disse a Simone: «Vedi questa donna? Sono entrato nella tua casa e tu non m'hai dato l'acqua per i piedi; lei invece mi ha bagnato i piedi con le lacrime e li h |
