Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Transformation |
TransformationNoun1. A qualitative change. 2. A function that changes the position or direction of the axes of a coordinate system. 3. The act of transforming; "a photograph is a translation of a scene onto a two-dimensional surface". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "transformation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1550. (references) |
Etymology: Transformation \Trans`for*ma"tion\, noun. [Latin expression transformatio: compare to transformation.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Transformation program transformation. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Chemical Industry | The gradual decomposition of most, but not all, explosives is marked by the evolution of brown fumes(nitrogene dioxide)When this evolution is observed, the explosive should be immediately destroyed by an expert since it has become wholly unsafe to store and handle. Source: European Union. (references) |
Chemistry | Alteration in a state of a solid material. Source: European Union. (references) |
Federal Student Aid | A significant change to an organization. FSA's transformation affects its mission, goals, strategies, processes and structures. (references) |
Finance | Medium-and long-term reinvestment operations by financial intermediaries, taking in liquid savings or sight deposits. Source: European Union. (references) |
Fine Arts | The process of projecting a tilted aerial photograph on to a horizontal plane, so as to correct tilt displacement. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A constitutional change in a solid metal; e.g., the change from gamma toalpha iron, or the formation of pearlite from austenite. (references) |
Statistics | A change made to the scores of all cases(e. g. , persons)on a variable by the application of the same mathematical operation(s)to each score. (Common operations include addition of a constant, multiplication by a constant, taking logarithms, ranking, bracketing, etc. ). Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In mathematics, "transformation" refers to a variety of different operations that can be performed using linear algebra. For example, in 3D computer graphics, the operations of moving, scaling, or rotating a 3D model are commonly called transformations.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Transformation."
Synonyms: TransformationSynonyms: shift (n), translation (n), transmutation (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Change | Transformation, transfiguration; metamorphosis; transmutation; deoxidization; transubstantiation; mutagenesis, transanimation, transmigration, metempsychosis; avatar; alterative. |
The Drama | Flat; drop, drop scene; wing, screen, side scene; transformation scene, curtain, act drop; proscenium. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Transformation |
| English words defined with "transformation": affine transformation, alter, Anthropomorphosis ♦ change, change state, changeover, conversion ♦ industrial revolution, invariant ♦ linear algebra ♦ metabolism, metamorphosis ♦ pair creation, pair formation, pair production, pyrolysis ♦ sea change, Social Democratic Party ♦ technological revolution, tin disease, tin pest, tin plague, transform, transition, turn ♦ voltage regulator ♦ Zoomorphism. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "transformation": arc sine transformation, arcsine transformation ♦ dispersion stabilising transformation ♦ nuclear transformation ♦ program transformation ♦ transformation temperature, Tree Transformation Language ♦ UCS transformation format. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "transformation": transmogrification ♦ Zoomorphism. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Transformation" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Danish (transformation), French (about-face, adaptation, adjustment, alteration, change, conversion, metamorphosis, processing, recast, reconfiguration, recreation, refashioning, reform, regeneration, transformation), German (transformation), Swedish (transformation). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | And I'll be sittin' at his right hand--assuming he still has hands after the transformation, I'm not too clear on that part. (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) For when Eric eats a banana, an amazing transformation occurs. (Bananaman; writing credit: Luigi Malerba) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Transformation of Prudence (1914) Mysterious Transformation Scene (1902) Rites of Passage: Transformation of a Student to a Slave (1992) Fires of Transformation (1991) The Transformation of Sulka (1981) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Bear Creek in 1991 just after trees and grasses were planted as part of a riparian buffer strip. See 'after' photos for dramatic transformation. Bear Creek has been recognized as a national buffer demonstration area. The ISU AgroEcology team provided assi. Credit: Lynn Betts. |  | Plant physiologist Grace Chen removes castor bean pods to test for genetic transformation. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Brian Prechtel.. |
 | Syra and Rolf Arras transformation gymnastic novelty. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Struggle, criticism, transformation. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Title | Author | Quote |
A Christmas Carol | Dickens, Charles | But it had undergone a surprising transformation. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | In conclusion, this quarter, which was rather superannuated than ancient, from that time began to undergo a transformation. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | According to one theory, patrolling cells of the immune system provide continuing bodywide surveillance, spying out and eliminating cells that undergo malignant transformation. (references) | |
Secondary prevention efforts must focus on (1) developing effective antiviral agents to treat HPV and/or prevent transformation by E6/E7, (2) developing therapeutic vaccines to prevent HPV progression, (3) improving the sensitivity and specificity of screening for the precursors of cervical cancer, and (4) expanding education and screening programs to target underreached populations. (references) | ||
Business | The output of this transformation is a growing market for repair and maintenance services. (references) | |
Venezuela is currently undergoing the most profound political transformation in the 40-year history of its democracy. (references) | ||
The market in 2000/2001 is undergoing major transformation as the economy transitions to an increasingly free market system. (references) | ||
Economic History | Russia | Such a transformation has proven difficult. (references) |
Czech Republic | The republic's economic transformation is far from complete. (references) | |
Russia | Some confusion might naturally result in the transformation process. (references) | |
Minorities | Bulgaria | However, in August 2000 the Government completed the transformation of these units into a state-owned company that no longer employs conscript labor, although it remains to be seen how future ethnic minority conscripts will be integrated into the mainstream of the military. (references) |
Political Economy | South Africa | The country continued to consolidate the democratic transformation initiated by the 1994 elections. (references) |
HUNGARY | Privatization contributed to a rapid transformation of the energy, telecommunication, and banking sectors. (references) | |
Trade | Tunisia | GOODS ARE ALLOWED LIMITED DUTY FREE ENTRY INTO TUNISIA FOR TRANSFORMATION AND REEXPORT. (references) |
El Salvador | Temporary entry of goods for transformation, manufacture or repair is granted under laws that regulate free trade zones. (references) | |
Colombia | This law also provided for the transformation of leasing companies into commercial finance companies engaged in leasing and other consumer activities. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FAIRY, n. A creature, variously fashioned and endowed, that formerly inhabited the meadows and forests. It was nocturnal in its habits, and somewhat addicted to dancing and the theft of children. The fairies are now believed by naturalist to be extinct, though a clergyman of the Church of England saw three near Colchester as lately as 1855, while passing through a park after dining with the lord of the manor. The sight greatly staggered him, and he was so affected that his account of it was incoherent. In the year 1807 a troop of fairies visited a wood near Aix and carried off the daughter of a peasant, who had been seen to enter it with a bundle of clothing. The son of a wealthy bourgeois disappeared about the same time, but afterward returned. He had seen the abduction been in pursuit of the fairies. Justinian Gaux, a writer of the fourteenth century, avers that so great is the fairies' power of transformation that he saw one change itself into two opposing armies and fight a battle with great slaughter, and that the next day, after it had resumed its original shape and gone away, there were seven hundred bodies of the slain which the villagers had to bury. He does not say if any of the wounded recovered. In the time of Henry III, of England, a law was made which prescribed the death penalty for "Kyllynge, wowndynge, or mamynge" a fairy, and it was universally respected. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | We ask only for a process, a direction, a basic code of decency, not for an instant transformation. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | This has been a time of dramatic transformation, and you have risen to every new challenge. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Transformation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.71% of the time. "Transformation" is used about 1,712 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.71% | 1,707 | 4,915 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.18% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Noun (common) | 0.12% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,712 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "transformation": affine transformation ♦ arc sine transformation ♦ arcsine transformation ♦ bacterial transformation ♦ conformal transformation ♦ Core Transformation ♦ cryptographic transformation ♦ dispersion stabilising transformation ♦ energy transformation ♦ fast Fourier transformation ♦ heat of transformation ♦ linear transformation ♦ Lymphocyte Transformation ♦ multidimensional transformation ♦ nuclear transformation ♦ phase transformation ♦ Program development by specification and transformation ♦ program transformation ♦ Transformation curve ♦ transformation of data values ♦ transformation of energy ♦ transformation rule ♦ transformation scene ♦ tree Transformation Language ♦ UCS transformation format. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "transformation": transformation-focus, transformation-generative, Transformation-oriented. | |
Ending with "transformation": co-transformation, life-transformation. | |
Containing "transformation": input-transformation-output. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "transformation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | transformim, shndërrim (conversion, metamorphosis, reduction, transform, transmutation), parukë (grizzle, hairpiece, periwig, peruke, switch, wig), kthim (conversion, double, handover, metamorphosis, rebate, rebound, recall, recovery, repercussion, restitution, return, traverse, turn, turnabout). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | قلب (alter, bring down, capricious, capsize, center, centre, change, convert, core, essence, flip, heart, inversion, invert, inverting, leaf, middle, overthrow, overturn, reversal, reverse, tip, topple, transform, turn, turn about, turn around, turn inside down, turn over, turn up, upset, upturn, whimsical), تحويل (conversion, diversion, endorsement, indorsement, processing, realization, rectification, reducing, reduction, relocate, revulsion, transference, transmutation, version), تحول (chop, convert, evolution, inconstancy, juncture, metamorphosis, modification, modify, mutate, mutation, reduction, switch, transference, transform, transfusion, transition, transmutation, turn, turn into, turnover), تغيير هيئة, إنمساخ, إنسلاخ الحشرات, إستحالة (impossibility). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | тупе (postiche, scratch-wig), трансформация (sea change), трансформиране, трансформиран израз, превръщане (conversion, transmutation), преобразуване (modification, transmutation), преобразяване (leavening, metamorphosis, transfiguration). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 变革. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | zmìna (alteration, amendment, break, change, changeover, mutation, relief, revision, shift, variance, variation, vicissitude), promìna (change, metastasis, phase, transmutation), přetvoření. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | transformation (coding, transformation of data values). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | transformatie (bacterial transformation, decomposition, reaction, transformation of data values), omzetting (conversion, data conversion, processing, translation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | transformo (refashioning), transformado, metamorfozo (metamorphosis, recreation, regeneration), aliformigo (recreation, refashioning, regeneration), aliformiĝo (metamorphosis), ŝanĝo (about-face, alteration, change, conversion), ŝanĝiĝo (alteration, change, conversion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faeroese | skifti (about-face, alteration, alternation, change, conversion), broyting (about-face, alteration, change, conversion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | oikaisu (correction), muunnos (modification, variety, version), jalostus (ennobling, refining, working up), faasimuutos. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | transformation, métamorphose. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | feroaring (about-face, alteration, change, conversion). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Umformung (conversion, deformation, remodeling, reshaping), Umspannung, Transformation (re-engineering, transformation of data values), Verwandlung (change, changing, commuting, conversion, metamorphosis, transmutation, transubstantiation), Veränderung (about-face, alteration, change, conversion, diversification, modification, mutation, variance, variation), Umwandlung (change, commutation, conversion, converting, mutation, transmutation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | μεταμόρφωση (metamorphism, metamorphosis, transfiguration, transmogrification). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | ש וי צור" (metamorphosis, reshape, transfiguration). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | transzformáció, átalakítás (alteration, altering, conversion, doing-up, modification, reconstruction, reforming, remaking, remodeling, reshuffle, transmogrification, transmutation), transzformálás, átváltozás (conversion, transfiguration, transmutation, transubstantiation, turning), átalakulás (alteration, altering, metamorphosis, transmogrification, transmutation, turning). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | perubahan bentuk (deformation, metamorphosis). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | trasformazione (conversion), cambiamento (about-face, alteration, change, conversion, leap, mutation, reversal, shake up, shift, switch, turn). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 転化 (change, inversion), 転成 , 化成 (change), トランスフォー 断層 (playing cards, transform fault, translate, translation, translator, transmission, transmitter, transparency, transponder, transport, transportation, transposon), "変 (change, innovation), 形質転換 , 変身 (disguise, metamorphosis), 変圧 , 変化 (alteration, apparition, bugbear, change, conjugation, declension, diversity, ghost, goblin, inflection, metamorphosis, mutation, transfiguration, transition, variation, variety), 変態 (abnormality, metamorphosis, pervert), 変換 (change, conversion), 変幻 , 変形 (deformation, deformity, metamorphosis, modification, monster, variation, variety). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | トランスフォーメーション , かせい (assistance, backing, caustic, change, clearing of the river water, despotism, false, falsetto, force of flames, great poet, growth, honour of the family, household economy, Mars, metamorphosis, reinforcements, section system, tyranny), かいへ" (change, disintegration, innovation, reorganization, seashore), けいしつて"か", へ"たい (abnormality, formation, metamorphosis, pervert), へ"し" (apostasy, change of mind, deflection, disguise, eccentricity, inconstancy, metamorphosis, reply, veering), へ"か" (change, conversion, restoration, return), へ"か (alteration, change, conjugation, declension, diversity, inflection, metamorphosis, mutation, ode in reply, transfiguration, transition, variation, variety), へ"あつ, へ"'" (brief remark, few words), へ"けい (deformation, deformity, metamorphosis, modification, monster, variation, variety), て"せい (adding eyes and other finishing touches to an animal painting, born, calling, disposition, heavenly voice, innate disposition, malleability, natural constitution, naturally occurring, nature, reincarnation, transmigration of souls, vocation), て"か (addition, annexing, blame, change, changing one's academic course, corruption, descent from heaven, fire caused by lightning, having one's own way, ignition, imputation, inversion, lighting, remarriage, second marriage, set fire to, snow, the public, the ruling power, the world, whole country). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 이 (Metastases, metastasis, Transferring). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ansformationtray transformação (refit, refitment, remaking, transmutation). (various references) schimbare (about-face, alteration, change, changeableness, chop, conversion, exchange, fluctuation, modification, mutability, mutation, novelty, passage, shift, unsteadiness, vacillation, variability, variance, variation). (various references) преобразование (change, converting, mapping, reform, reformation, remake, reorganization, transfiguration). (various references) transformacija, pretvaranje (affectation, conversion, converting, guise, pretence, pretense, simulation), preobražaj (metamorphose, metamorphosis, version), metamorfoza (metamorphose, metamorphosis). (various references) transformación (alteration, change, conversion, processing, transition). (various references) kenki (about-face, alter, alteration, change, conversion, turn). (various references) omvandling (conversion), förändring (about-face, alteration, change, conversion, mutation, shift, turn). (various references) transformasyon, voltaj değişikliği, dönüştürme (conversion, reduction, switch), dönüşüm (mutation, transmutation), şekil değiştirme (transfiguration). (various references) яьzlenme (conversion). (various references) трансформація, метаморфоза (metamorphosis), перетворення (conversion, converting, metamorphosis, passage, reduction, reformation, transfiguration, transmutation). (various references) sự thay đổi (alteration, change, mutation), sự biến đổi sự biến chất. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | mutatio. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "transformation": transformational, transformationalist, transformationalists, transformationally, transformations. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "transformation": biotransformation, retransformation. (additional references) | |
Words containing "transformation": biotransformations, retransformations. (additional references) | |
| |
"Transformation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: tranformation. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "transformation" (pronounced tra'nsfermā"shun) |
| 7 | -f er m ā" sh u n | affirmation, confirmation, disinformation, information, misinformation, reaffirmation, reconfirmation, reformation. |
| 5 | -m ā" sh u n | acclimation, amalgamation, animation, approximation, automation, consummation, cremation, dalmatian, defamation, deformation, estimation, exclamation, exhumation, formation, inflammation, intimation, malformation, proclamation, reclamation, summation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, activation, adaptation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deflation, deforestation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, escalation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflation, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, superstation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-f-i-m-n-n-o-o-r-r-s-t-t" | |
-4 letters: annotators, formations, informants, narrations, nominators, stratiform, tarnations. | |
-5 letters: anatomist, animators, annotator, antiatoms, formation, informant, monotints, moratoria, narration, natations, nitrators, nominator, nonartist, notations, rainstorm, rotations, tarantism, tarnation, transform, trimarans, trimotors. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-f-i-m-n-n-o-o-r-r-s-t-t" | |
+1 letter: transformations. | |
+2 letters: retransformation, transformational. | |
+3 letters: biotransformation, retransformations. | |
+4 letters: biotransformations, transformationally, transmogrification. | |
+5 letters: transformationalist, transmogrifications. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)54 72 61 6E 73 66 6F 72 6D 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
|
| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
|
| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
|
Morse Code (1836) (references)- .-. .- -. ... ..-. --- .-. -- .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010100 01110010 01100001 01101110 01110011 01100110 01101111 01110010 01101101 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)T r a n s f o r m a t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0054 0072 0061 006E 0073 0066 006F 0072 006D 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
|
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)5484678085728184796786758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Names: Company Usage | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Orthography | 21. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
