Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Toiling |
ToilingAdjective1. Doing arduous or unpleasant work; "drudging peasants"; "the bent backs of laboring slaves picking cotton"; "toiling coal miners in the black deeps". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "toiling" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Synonyms: ToilingSynonyms: drudging (adj), laboring (adj), labouring (adj). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Toiling |
| English words defined with "toiling": Outtoil. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "toiling": Donkey ♦ Labor. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Man and beast toiling in perpetual night--hauling coal to the shaft, M. & C. bituminous mines, Decatur, Ill. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Heroic women of France toiling to produce food Are you doing your part?. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | March 8, International Women's Day : hail to the struggling and toiling women of the world. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| "Toiling" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 88.00% of the time. "Toiling" is used about 50 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 88% | 44 | 51,500 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 10% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Noun (singular) | 2% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 50 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Language | Translations for "toiling"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||
Finnish | raadanta (drudgery). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
French | lancinant. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
German | schuftend (drudging, plodding, slaving). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Korean | 수 (toil). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | oilingtay truditor (workman). (various references) sự lao động, sự l m việc vất vả, sự khó nhọc, sự cực nhọc. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | laboriosus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Mark Chapter 6, Verse 48 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai eiden autouV basanizomenouV en tw elaunein hn gar o anemoV enantioV autoiV kai peri tetarthn fulakhn thV nuktoV ercetai proV autouV peripatwn epi thV qalasshV kai hqelen parelqein autouV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et videns eos laborantes in remigando erat enim ventus contrarius eis et circa quartam vigiliam noctis venit ad eos ambulans super mare et volebat praeterire eos |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | & he ge-seah hyo on reowette swincende.heom wæs wiðerward wind. Ændon nyht ymbe þa feorþan weccan he comto heom ofer þa sæ gangende. & wolde hyofor-bugen. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And he say hem trauelynge in rowyng; for the wynde was contrarie to hem. And aboute the fourthe wakynge of the nyyt, he wandride on the see, and cam to hem, and wolde passe hem. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And he sawe the troubled in rowynge for the wynde was cotrary vnto them. And aboute ye fourth quartre of ye nyght he came vnto the walkinge apon the see and wolde have passed by the. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he saw them toiling in rowing; for the wind was contrary unto them: and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh unto them, walking upon the sea, and would have passed by them. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he saw them toiling in rowing; for the wind was contrary to them: and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh to them, walking upon the sea, and would have passed by them. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And seeing that they had trouble in getting their boat through the water, because the wind was against them, about the fourth watch of the night he came to them, walking on the sea; and he would have gone past them; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Mark Chapter 6, Verse 48 |
| Cebuano | Ug nakita niya sila nga nagkalisudlisud sa paggaud, kay songsongon man ang hangin. Ug sa may ikaupat nga hugna sa bantay sa kagabhion, kanila miadto siya nga naglakaw ibabaw sa tubig. Tuyo unta niya ang paglabay kanila, |
| Chinese | 看 見 門 ' 、 風 不 、 搖 " " 苦 ． 夜 裡 約 有 四 更 天 、 就 在 海 面 上 走 、 往 他 們 那 裡 去 、 意 思 要 走 過 他 們 去 ． |
| Croatian | Vidjevši kako se muèe veslajuæi, jer im bijaše protivan vjetar, oko èetvrte noæne straže doðe k njima hodeæi po moru. I htjede ih mimoiæi. |
| Dutch | En Hij zag, dat zij zich zeer pijnigden, om het schip voort te krijgen; want de wind was hun tegen; en omtrent de vierde wake des nachts, kwam Hij tot hen, wandelende op de zee, en wilde hen voorbijgaan. |
| Finnish | Ja kun hän näki heidän soutaessaan olevan hädässä, sillä tuuli oli heille vastainen, tuli hän neljännen yövartion vaiheilla heidän luoksensa kävellen järven päällä ja aikoi kulkea heidän ohitsensa. |
| French | Il vit qu`ils avaient beaucoup de peine ramer; car le vent leur était contraire. A la quatrième veille de la nuit environ, il alla vers eux, marchant sur la mer, et il voulait les dépasser. |
| German | Und er sah, daß sie Not litten im Rudern; denn der Wind war ihnen entgegen. Und um die vierte Wache der Nacht kam er zu ihnen und wandelte auf dem Meer; |
| Haitian Creole | Li wè disip yo te gen anpil traka pou yo naje zaviwon yo, paske van an te kontrè pou yo. Vè twazè nan maten, Jezi pran mache sou dlo lanmè a pou li al jwenn disip yo. Li te prèt pou depase yo. |
| Hungarian | És látá õket, a mint veszõdnek az evezéssel; mert a szél szembe fú vala velök; és az éj negyedik szakában hozzájuk méne a tengeren járva; és el akar vala haladni mellettük. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Ia melihat mereka bersusah payah mendayung perahu itu karena angin berlawanan arah dengan perahu. Sebab itu, kira-kira antara pukul tiga dan pukul enam pagi, Ia datang kepada mereka berjalan di atas air. Dan Ia berjalan terus seolah-olah akan melewati mereka. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka dilihat-Nya mereka itu sangat payah berdayung karena angin sakal, lalu pada waktu lepas pukul tiga malam datanglah Ia kepadanya, yaitu dengan berjalan di atas air tasik, hendak melintas mereka itu. |
| Maori | Na ka kite ia i a ratou e ruwha ana i te hoenga; i he hoki te hau ki a ratou: a i te wha o nga mataaratanga o te po ka haere atu ia ki a ratou, i haere maori atu i runga i te moana, me te mea hoki ka pahika ke i a ratou. |
| Norwegian | Og da han så at de var i nød mens de rodde - for vinden var imot - kom han til dem ved den fjerde nattevakt, vandrende på sjøen, og han vilde gå forbi dem. |
| Portuguese | E, vendo-os fatigados a remar, porque o vento lhes era contrário, pela quarta vigília da noite, foi ter com eles, andando sobre o mar; e queria passar-lhes adiante; |
| Rumanian | A vqzut pe ucenici cq se necqjesc cu vkslirea, cqci vkntul le era kmpotrivq. Wi kntr`a patra strajq din noapte, a mers la ei, umblknd pe mare, wi voia sq treacq pe lkngq ei. |
| Shuar | Jesusa unuiniamurisha wia-wiantainiakua ti pimpikiarmiayi, nase tukumma ásar. Nuna Jesus Wáiniak tsawartin ishichik ajasmatai Entsá Pátatek wekas niin jeariarmiayi. Tura nankaamaktiasa wea Núnisan wémiayi. |
| Spanish | Viendo que ellos se fatigaban remando, porque el viento les era contrario, a eso de la cuarta vigilia de la noche, él fue a ellos caminando sobre el mar, y quería pasarlos de largo. |
| Swahili | Basi, akawaona wanafunzi wake wakitaabika kwa kupiga makasia, maana upepo ulikuwa unawapinga. Karibu na mapambazuko, Yesu aliwaendea akitembea juu ya maji. Alitaka kuwapita. |
| Swedish | Och han såg dem vara hårt ansatta, där de rodde fram, ty vinden låg emot dem. Vid fjärde nattväkten kom han då till dem, gående på sjön, och skulle just gå förbi dem. |
| Uma | Nahilo-hawo kawuhe-ramo mowose, apa' ngolu' mewui mpotomu sakaya-ra. Parabaja-mi, momako' -imi hilou hi lolo ue mpototoaka-ra, ntani' naliu-ra. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words ending with "toiling": entoiling, overtoiling. (additional references) | |
| |
"Toiling" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: tieling, toilen, toilings, toribiong, tualang. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "toiling" (pronounced toy"ling) |
| 4 | -oy" l i ng | boiling, broiling, foiling, oiling, roiling, spoiling. |
| 3 | -l i ng | ailing, ambling, angling, annealing, appalling, appealing, assailing, assembling, babbling, backpedaling, baffling, bailing, baling, balling, bankrolling, barreling, battling, beguiling, belittling, Belling, bicycling, billing, blackmailing, boggling, Bolling, bottling, bowling, brawling, bristling, bubbling, buckling, bugling, bumbling, bundling, bungling, burgling, burling, bustling, cackling, cajoling, calling, canceling, cancelling, Carling, ceiling, channeling, chilling, chortling, chronicling, chuckling, circling, coddling, commingling, compelling, compiling, concealing, consoling, controlling, cooling, corralling, counseling, countervailing, coupling, cowling, crackling, cradling, crawling, crippling, crumbling, cuddling, culling, curling, curtailing, cycling, dabbling, dangling, darling, dawdling, dazzling, dealing, decoupling, derailing, detailing, Dialing, disabling, disgruntling, dismantling, dispelling, dissembling, distilling, doling, doubling, dribbling, drilling, drizzling, drooling, duckling, dueling, dulling, dumpling, dwelling, dwindling, earthling, emailing, embezzling, empaneling, enabling, encircling, enrolling, entailing, entangling, entitling, equaling, excelling, expelling, extolling, failing, falling, feeling, felling, fiddling, filing, filling, fizzling, flailing, fledgling, foaling, fondling, fooling, forestalling, foretelling, fouling, foundling, freewheeling, fueling, fuelling, fulfilling, fumbling, funneling, galling, gambling, giggling, gobbling, grappling, Grayling, grilling, groundling, groveling, growling, grueling, grumbling, gurgling, guzzling, haggling, hailing, handling, hassling, hauling, healing, heckling, helling, hilling, hobbling, holing, howling, huddling, humbling, hurdling, hurling, hurtling, hustling, idling, imperiling, inhaling, initialing, inkling, installing, instilling, intermingling, jailing, jiggling, jostling, juggling, Keeling, killing, kindling, kneeling, labeling, leveling, lolling, Lulling, mailing, mangling, Marling, marshaling, meddling, Melling, middling, milling, mingling, mishandling, mislabeling, misspelling, modeling, mothballing, mottling, muddling, mulling, mumbling, muscling, nailing, needling, nestling, nibbling, nonruling, outselling, overbilling, overhauling, overkilling, overruling, overselling, paddling, paneling, panhandling, paralleling, parboiling, parceling, paroling, patrolling, pearling, pedaling, peddling, peeling, pickling, piddling, piling, Pilling, Pindling, poling, polling, pooling, prevailing, profiling, propelling, prowling, pulling, pummeling, puzzling, quadrupling, quarreling, quelling, quibbling, quilling, Quisling, railing, rambling, rankling, rappelling, rattling, raveling, rebelling, recalling, reconciling, recycling, redoubling, reeling, refueling, regaling, rekindling, remodeling, repealing, repelling, rescheduling, reselling, resembling, reshuffling, retailing, retelling, retooling, revealing, reveling, ridiculing, Riesling, rifling, rilling, rippling, rivaling, rolling, rototilling, ruffling, ruling, rumbling, rustling, saddling, sailing, sampling, Sandling, sapling, scaling, scheduling, Schilling, schooling, scowling, scrambling, scribbling, scuttling, sealing, seedling, Seeling, selling, settling, shelling, shilling, shoveling, shriveling, shuffling, shuttling, sibling, signaling, signalling, singling, sizzling, skilling, smelling, smiling, smuggling, snarling, Snelling, snowballing, sparkling, Sparling, spelling, spilling, spiraling, spiralling, sprawling, sprinkling, squabbling, squealing, stalling, stapling, starling, startling, stealing, stenciling, sterling, stifling, stockpiling, stonewalling, storytelling, straddling, strangling, strickling, stripling, strolling, struggling, stumbling, styling, suckling, surveilling, swashbuckling, swelling, swilling, swindling, swirling, swiveling, tabling, tackling, tailing, tangling, telling, thrilling, throttling, Tilling, tingling, tinkling, toddling, toggling, tolling, tooling, toppling, totaling, totalling, toweling, trailing, trampling, traveling, travelling, trembling, trickling, trifling, trilling, tripling, trolling, troubling, tumbling, tunneling, twiddling, twinkling, twirling, unappealing, unavailing, unbundling, underling, underselling, unfailing, unfeeling, unfurling, unraveling, unsettling, unsmiling, untangling, unveiling, unwilling, veiling, waffling, waggling, wailing, walling, warbling, weakling, welling, whaling, wheeling, whirling, whistling, whittling, wholesaling, wiggling, wiling, willing, wobbling, wrangling, wrestling, wrinkling, yearling, yelling, yodeling. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "g-i-i-l-n-o-t" | |
-1 letter: oiling, tiglon, tiling, toling. | |
-2 letters: glint, ingot, lingo, tigon. | |
-3 letters: gilt, inti, into, ling, lino, lint, lion, loin, long, loti, noil, ting, toil, tong. | |
-4 letters: gin, git, got, ion, lin, lit, log, lot, nil, nit, nog, not, oil, til, tin, tog, ton. | |
-5 letters: go, in, it, li, lo, no, on, ti, to. | |
| Words containing the letters "g-i-i-l-n-o-t" | |
+1 letter: intaglio, ligation, lithoing, piloting. | |
+2 letters: entoiling, foliating, intaglios, isolating, ligations, loitering, outlining, outliving, outwiling, pilotings, pistoling, tailoring, toileting, violating. | |
+3 letters: antilogies, bloviating, bobtailing, etiolating, exploiting, gadolinite, glaciation, gleization, guillotine, ignobility, immolating, insolating, intaglioed, involuting, levigation, litigation, obligating, obligation, oppilating, outkilling, outsailing, outsmiling, outwilling, pistolling, potboiling, poulticing, sinologist, soliciting, spoliating, tailorings, toenailing, topsoiling, totalising, totalizing, turmoiling, vitrioling. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)54 6F 69 6C 69 6E 67 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)- --- .. .-.. .. -. --. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010100 01101111 01101001 01101100 01101001 01101110 01100111 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)T o i l i n g |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0054 006F 0069 006C 0069 006E 0067 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)54817578758073 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Usage Frequency 8. Translations: Modern | 9. Translations: Ancient 10. Bible Trace 11. Derivations 12. Rhymes | 13. Anagrams 14. Orthography 15. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
