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Definition: HAVE |
HAVENoun1. A person who possesses great material wealth. Verb1. Have or possess, either in a concrete or an abstract sense: "She has $1,000 in the bank"; "He has got two beautiful daughters"; "She holds a Master's degree from Harvard". 2. Have as a feature; "This restaurant features the most famous chefs in France". 3. Of mental or physical states or experiences: "get an idea"; "experience vertigo"; "get nauseous"; "undergo a strange sensation"; "The chemical undergoes a sudden change"; "The fluid undergoes shear"; "receive injuries"; "have a feeling". 4. Have ownership or possession of; "He owns three houses in Florida"; "How many cars does she have?". 5. Be obliged, required, or forced to; "She has to get her driver's license". 6. Cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition: "He got his squad on the ball"; "This let me in for a big surprise"; "He got a girl into trouble". 7. Serve oneself to, or consume regularly; "Have another bowl of chicken soup!" "I don't take sugar in my coffee". 8. Have a personal or business relationship with someone; "have a postdoc"; "have an assistant"; "have a lover". 9. Organize or be responsible for; "hold a reception," "have, throw, or make a party", "give a course", etc. 10. : have left; "I have two years left"; "I don't have any money left" "They have two more years before they retire". 11. : be confronted with: "What do we have here?"; "Now we have a fine mess". 12. : undergo; "The stocks had a fast run-up". 13. : suffer from; be ill with; "She has arthritis". 14. : cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner: "The ads induced me to buy a VCR"; "My children finally got me to buy a computer"; "My wife made me buy a new sofa". 15. : receive willingly something given or offered; "The only girl who would have him was the miller's daughter"; "I won't have this dog in my house!"; "Please accept my present". 16. : get something; come into possession of; "receive payment"; "receive a gift"; "receive letters from the front". 17. : undergo (as of injuries and illnesses); "She suffered a fracture in the accident"; "He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars"; "She got a bruise on her leg"; "He got his arm broken in the scuffle". 18. : achieve a point or goal, as in a sport; "Nicklaus had a 70"; "The Brazilian team got 4 goals"; "She made 29 points that day". 19. : give birth (to a newborn); "My wife had twins yesterday!". 20. : have sex with; archaic use; "He had taken this woman when she was most vulnerable". 21. : be likely or probable; "They have to be kidding". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definition |
Multilingual Slang | Alemannic (ha). (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Auxiliary verbs are sometimes called helping verbs - they help the main verb that follows.English auxiliary verbs have the following classes of function: Passive, Progressive, Perfective, Modal, and Dummy.
English Auxiliary Classes
Passive
The verb be is used in the passive form to express an action where the subject is unknowable, not known, or of less interest than the action itself, e.g. the window is broken.
Progressive
This form, also know as the continuous form, uses the verb be. It is used to express the speaker's interpretation of the temperal nature of the event, e.g. I am doing my homework.
Perfective
The verb have is used in the perfective form to look back, i.e. retrospectively, at a past action from the present time. Or in other words, it is used to express an action that still has relevance to the present, e.g. Peter has fallen in love.
Modal
There are nine modal verbs: can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would and must. They differ from the other auxiliaries, in that they do not function as main verbs. They express the speaker's (or listener's) judgement or opinion at the moment of speaking.Some schools of thought consider, could to represent the past tense of can. However, according to Michael Lewis, (The English Verb), this is not always true. "Could I get you something?", clearly is not expressing Past Time. Lewis instead suggests that could is a remote form of can. It is evident after re-examining the usage of could in this light, that remoteness does describe the general meaning, e.g.
The remaining modal auxiliaries can be viewed in this same manner. Lewis covers this area in detail in his book, see reference.
- I couldn't do it. (remoteness of time)
- It could happen. (remoteness of possibility)
- Could you do me a favour? (remoteness of relationship)
Dummy
The verb do is used to form questions, when the corresponding positive statement does not contain an auxiliary, e.g.
- I know the way.
- Do you know the way?
Properties
Negation
Auxiliaries take not (or n't) to form the negative, e.g. can't, won't, shouldn't, etc.
Inversion
Auxiliaries invert to form questions:
- You will come
- Will I come?
Emphasis
Auxiliaries can be used for emphasis:I do like this beer!
Ellipsis
Auxiliaries can appear alone where a main verb has been omitted, but is understood:John never sings, but Mary does [sing]
Other Languages
Some languages use "be" to form the perfect tense for some or all verbs, instead of "have", for example Esperanto (Mi estis irinta = I was having-gone = I had gone). French and German use it for verbs of motion and becoming, and (in German) for "to be" itself, as does Italian. The use of auxiliaries is one variation among Romance languages. Finnish uses ole for all verbs: "Sillä niin on Jumala maailmaa rakastanut" (Because so much is God the world loved). English uses "be" only with "go" in some senses.
Reference
The English Verb 'An exploration of Structure and Meaning', Michael Lewis. Langauage Teaching Publications. ISBN 0 906717 40 X
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Auxiliary verb."
Synonym: TO HAVESynonym: Possess. (additional references) |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Bibliography |
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