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Television

Specialty Definition: Television

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Specialty Definition: List of New Zealand television channels

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Television New Zealand (TVNZ) had a monopoly on TV in New Zealand until 1989. Its main channels are:

• TV One - news, current affairs, general entertainment, documentaries and sport
• TV2 - movies, soap operas, popular music, aimed at a younger audience

TVNZ also operated another station on UHF, called Horizon Pacific, which carried programming from BBC World, as well as documentaries, between 1995 and 1997, but this closed and was replaced by a local version of MTV, which itself closed a year later.

The private TV channels currently available in New Zealand are:

• TV3 - news, current affairs, general entertainment, and sport
• C4 - youth music channel
• Prime TV - general entertainment

The country's first private TV channel, TV3, experienced serious financial problems before being acquired by Canada's CanWest, which owns the Ten Network in Australia, and part of TV3 in the Republic of Ireland. Prime TV is now partly owned by Australia's Nine Network. There are also regional stations, the first being Canterbury Television (CTV) in Christchurch, while in the largest city, Auckland, Triangle provides programming in different languages.

In 1990, Sky Network Television (then unrelated to its UK namesake) launched three pay-TV channels offering movies, sport and news on UHF. In 1999 it launched a multichannel digital satellite TV service, including a music channel called Juice.

There are also plans for a TV channel in Maori, known as the Maori Television Service.

External Links

• TVNZ
• TV3
• C4
• Prime TV
• Sky
• Maori Television Service
• Triangle TV

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of New Zealand television channels."

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List of South African television channels

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The South African Broadcasting Corporation's TV channels still dominate the airwaves in South Africa. In 1996, they were reorganised as:

• SABC1 - public service channel in English and African languages;
• SABC2 - as SABC1, with programmes in Afrikaans; and
• SABC3 - a commercial service, entirely in English

The bantustan of Bophuthatswana also had its own TV channel, known as Bop TV, which is now part of the SABC.

In 1986, a pay-TV service called M-Net was launched, which subsequently became part of the Multichoice bouquet of channels:

• M-Net - mixture of general entertainment, movies
• SuperSport - sports coverage
• KTV - children's programmes
• Series Channel - general entertainment
• Soap Channel - soap operas
• KykNet - programmes in Afrikaans

In 1995, Multichoice launched its digital satellite TV service (DStv) which offered viewers in South Africa, and elsewhere on the continent, a choice of international channels, including CNN, MTV, BBC World, BBC Prime, Discovery Channel, Sky News and ESPN, as well as channels such as Zee TV in Indian languages and RTP in Portuguese.

In 2003, the New South African TV channel (NSAT) announced plans to broadcast on Sky Television in the UK, thereby reaching the large (predominantly white) expatriate community.

The first free-to-air commercial broadcaster was etv, which launched in 1999.

List_of_television_channels

External Links

• South African Broadcasting Corporation
• M-Net
• Multichoice DStv
• etv
• NSAT

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of South African television channels."

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Television

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Television is a telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving moving pictures and sound over a distance. The term has come to refer to all the aspects of television programming and transmission as well.

History

A semi-mechanical analogue television system was first demonstrated in London in February 1924 by John Logie Baird and a moving picture by Baird on October 30 1925. The first long distance public television broadcast was from Washington, DC to New York City and occurred on April 7, 1927. The image shown was of then Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover. A fully electronic system was demonstrated by Philo Taylor Farnsworth in the autumn of 1927. The first analogue service was WGY, Schenectady, New York inaugurated on May 11 1928. CBS's New York City station began broadcasting the first regular seven days a week television schedule in the U. S. on July 21, 1931. The first broadcast included Mayor James J. Walker, Kate Smith, and George Gershwin. The first all-electronic television service was started in Los Angeles, CA by Don Lee Broadcasting. Their start date was December 23, 1931 on W6XAO - later KTSL. Los Angeles was the only major U. S. city that avoided the false start with mechanical television.

The first live transcontinental television broadcast took place in San Francisco, California from the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference on September 4, 1955.

Programming is broadcast on television stations (sometimes called channels). At first, terrestrial broadcasting was the only way television could be distributed. Because bandwidth was limited, government regulation was normal. In the US, the Federal Communications Commission allowed stations to broadcast advertisements, but insisted on public service programming commitments as a requirement for a license. By contrast, the United Kingdom chose a different route, imposing a television licence fee (effectively a tax) to fund the BBC, which had public service as part of its Crown Charter. Development of cable and satellite means of distribution in the 1970s pushed businessmen to target channels towards a certain audience, and enabled the rise of subscription-based television channels, such as HBO and Sky. Practically every country with the technological capability has developed at least one television channel.

TV standards

The standard adopted by the US was called NTSC, which stood for National Television Standards Committee. NTSC is the television standard in the US, Canada, and Japan.

Germany developed the television standard called PAL, which stood for Phase Alternating Line, and introduced it in 1967. PAL is the television standard in the United Kingdom, much of Europe, Africa, Australia, and some parts of South America.

The French developed in 1967 the television standard called SECAM, Sequentiel Couleur avec Mémoire, French for "sequential color with memory". The SECAM standard was used mostly in France and Eastern European "Warsaw Pact" countries.

There are various kinds of television broadcast systems:

• Terrestrial television
  • NTSC, PAL, PAL2 and SECAM analog signaling
• Satellite television using standard digital signaling
• Cable television
  • both analog and digital systems are available.
• MMDS (Wireless cable)

TV aspect ratio

All of these early TV systems shared the same aspect ratio of 4:3, which was determined by the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) manufacturing technology of the time -- today's CRT technology allows the manufacture of wider tubes. However, due to the negative heavy metal health effects associated with disposal of CRTs in landfills and the space-saving attributes of flat screen technologies that lack the aspect ratio limitations of CRTs, CRTs are becoming obsolete.

The switch-over to DTV systems co-incides with a change in picture format from a aspect ratio of 4:3 (1.33:1) to an aspect ratio of 16:9 (1.78:1). This enables TV to get closer to the aspect ratio of movies, which range from 1.85:1 to 2.35:1. The 16:9 format was first introduced for "widescreen" video and DVDs. The current technical implementation of 16:9 uses the same pixel raster as 4:3 video, in a full screen anamorphic format.

There is no technical reason for this aspect ratio change to be coupled with the introduction of DTV, but it has been decided to synchronize these changes for marketing reasons.

Aspect ratio incompatibility

A wide image on a conventional screen can be shown:

• with "letterbox" black stripes at the top and bottom
• with the extreme left and right of the image falling off (or in "pan and scan", parts selected by an operator)
• with the image horizontally compressed

A conventional image on a wide screen can be shown:

• with black parts at the left and right
• with the top and bottom of the image falling off
• with the image horizontally expanded

A common compromise is to shoot or create material at an aspect ratio of 14:9, and to lose some image at each side for 4:3 presentation, and some image at top and bottom for 16:9 presentation.

Horizontal expansion has advantages in situations in which several people are watching the same set; it compensates for watching at an oblique angle.

New developments

• Digital television (DTV)
• High Definition TV (HDTV)
• Pay Per View
• Web tv
• programming on-demand.

TV sets

The earliest television sets were radios with the addition of a television device consisting of a neon tube with a mechanically spinning disk (the Nipkow disk, invented by Paul Gottlieb Nipkow) that produced a red postage-stamp size image . The first publicly broadcast electronic service was in Germany in March 1935. It had 180 lines of resolution and was only available in 22 public viewing rooms. One of the first major broadcasts involved the 1936 Berlin Olympics. The Germans had a 441 line system in the fall of 1937. (Source: Early Electronic TV)

Television usage skyrocketed after World War II with war-related technological advances and additional disposable income. (1930s TV receivers cost the equivalent of $7000 today (2001) and had little available programming.)

Television in its original and still most popular form involves sending images and sound over radio waves in the VHF and UHF bands, which are received by a receiver (a television set). In this sense, it is an extension of radio.

Color television became available on December 30, 1953, backed by the CBS network. The government approved the color broadcast system proposed by CBS, but when RCA came up with a system that made it possible to view color broadcasts in black and white on unmodified old black and white TV sets, CBS dropped their own proposal and used the new one.

Starting in the 1990s, modern television sets diverged into three different trends:

• standalone TV sets;
• integrated systems with DVD players and/or VHS VCR built into the TV set itself (mostly for small size TV with up to 17" screen, the main idea is to have a complete portable system);
• component systems with separate big screen video monitor, tuner, audio system which the owner connects the pieces together as a high-end home theater system. This approach appeals to videophiles who prefer components which can be upgraded separately.

There are many kinds of video monitors used in modern TV sets. The most common are direct view CRTs for up to 40" (4:3) and 46" (16:9) diagonally. Most big screen TVs (up to over 100") use projection technology. Three types of projection systems are used in projection TVs: CRT based, LCD based and reflective imaging chip based. Modern advances have brought flat screens to TV that use active matrix LCD or plasma display technology. Flat panel displays are as little as 4" thick and can be hung on a wall like a picture. They are extremely attractive and space-saving but they remain expensive.

Nowadays some TVs include a port to connect peripherals to it or to connect the set to an A/V home network (HAVI), like LG RZ-17LZ10 that includes a USB port, where one can connect a mouse, keyboard and so on ( very interesting for WebTV).

Even for simple video, there are five standard ways to connect a device. These are as follows:

• Component Video- three separate connectors, with one brightness channel and two color channels, and is usually referred to as Y, B-Y, R-Y or Y Pr Pb. This provides for high quality pictures and is usually used inside professional studios. However, it is being used more in home theater for DVDs and high end sources. Audio is not carried on this cable.

• SCART- A large 21 pin connector that may carry Composite video, S-Video or for better quality, separate red, green and blue (RGB) signals and two-channel sound, along with a number of control signals. This system is standard in Europe but rarely found elsewhere.

• S-Video- two separate channels, one carry brightness, the other carrying color. Also referred to as Y/C video. Provides most of the benefit of component video, with slightly less color fidelity. Use started in the 1980s for S-VHS, Hi-8 and early DVD players to relay high quality video. Audio is not carried on this cable.

• Composite video- The most common form of connecting external devices, putting all the video information into one stream. Most televisions provide this option with a yellow RCA cable. Audio is not carried on this cable.

• Coaxial or RF (coaxial cable)- All audio channels and picture components are transmitted through one wire and modulated on a radio frequency. Most TVs manufactured during the past 15-20 years accept coaxial connection, and the video is typically "tuned" on channel 3 or 4.

Advertising

From the earliest days of the medium, television has been used as a vehicle for advertising. Since their inception in the USA in the late 1940s, TV commercialss have become far and away the most effective, most pervasive, and most popular method of selling products of all sorts. US advertising rates are determined primarily by Nielsen Ratings

US networks

In the US, television networks produce prime-time programs for their affiliate stations to air between 8pm and 11pm. (7pm and 10pm in the Central and Mountain time zones). Most stations have their own programming off the prime time.

Colloquial names

• Telly
• The Tube/Boob Tube
• The Goggle Box
• The Cyclops

Related articles

• List of 'years in television'
• Lists of television channels
• List of television programs
• List of television commercials
• List of television personalities
• List of television series
• Animation and Animated series
• Nielsen Ratings
• Home appliances
• Reality TV show
• Television network
• Video
• Voyager Golden Record
• V-chip
• Wasteland Speech
• DVB

External Links

• "Television History"

See also Charles Francis Jenkins.

Further Reading

TV as social pathogen, opiate, mass mind control, etc

• Marie Winn The Plug-in Drug
• Neil Postman Amusing Ourselves to Death
• Terence McKenna Food of the Gods
• Joyce Nelson The Perfect Machine

Alternate use of the term: Television (band)

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television."

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Television (band)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Television are an Americann rock and roll band of the 1970s. They were among several significant bands performing regularly in New York City at the end of that decade. Their records are noted for sometime poet Tom Verlaine's abstract lyrics and the interplay between the guitars of Verlaine and Lloyd. The band initially made only two studio albums before an acrimonious split, but they were stylistically influential and their complicated music flew in the face of the prevailing mood for punk rock. They briefly reformed for an eponymous third album in 1992.

After being wooed back onstage together for the 2001 All Tomorrow's Parties at Camber Sands, England, they have played a number of dates around the world, and continue to tour on an irregular basis.

Members:

• Tom Verlaine - lead vocals, guitar, keyboards
• Richard Lloyd - guitar, vocals
• Fred Smith - bass, vocals
• Billy Ficca - drums
• Richard Hell (who left to form The Voidoids) - bass, lead vocals

Discography:

• Marquee Moon 1977 (highly acclaimed)
• Adventure 1978 (highly acclaimed as well)
• The Blow-Up 1982 (recorded 1978) (bootleg tape gone legit, awful sound quality)
• Television 1992 (highly anticipated, not well received by all)
• Live at the Old Waldorf 2003 (recorded 1978) (taken from an FM broadcast on their 1978 tour)

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television (band)."

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Television call sign

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Television call signs in some countries, are assigned a unique call sign or callsign for identification, as with radio.

Such call signs are formal, semi-permanent, and issued by a nation's telecommunication agency, using the same ITU prefixes assigned for radio.

Canada, the United States, and Mexico follow some similar call sign conventions for both television and radio.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television call sign."

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Television commercial

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

From the earliest days of the medium, television has been used as a vehicle for advertising. Since their inception in the late 1940s, television commercials have become far and away the most effective, most pervasive, and most popular method of selling products of all sorts. The radio advertising industry was well-established when television made its debut in the 1940s, and television was intentionally developed as a commercial medium, based upon radio's successful format, by the first television broadcasting networks (especially RCA, the founder and owner of the NBC Red and NBC Blue networks).

In the earliest days of television, it was often difficult to perceive the boundary between the actual television programs and the commercials. Many of the earliest television shows were sponsored by single companies, who inserted their names and products into the shows as much as possible. One of the most famous examples of early television broadcasting was Texaco Star Theater, the variety show that made Milton Berle a household name. Texaco not only included its own brand name as part of the show, it also made certain that Texaco employees were prominently featured during the course of the show, often appearing as smiling "guardian angels" who performed good deeds in one way or another, while the Texaco musical logo would play in the background.

Today in the 21st century, media critics claim that the boundaries between "programming" and "commercials" have been eroded to the point where the line is blurred nearly as much as it was during the beginnings of the medium.

However, the vast majority of television commercials consist of brief advertising spots, ranging in length from a few seconds to several minutes (as well as program-length infomercials). Commercials of this sort have been used to sell literally every product imaginable over the years, from household products to goods and services, to political campaigns. The effect of television commercials upon the viewing public has been so successful and so pervasive that it is considered impossible for a politician to wage a successful election campaign without airing a good television commercial.

These brief commercial "breaks" that interrupt shows regularly are the primary reason for the existence of modern-day television networks. A typical 30-minute time block includes 23 minutes of programming and 7 minutes of commercials (though some half-hour blocks may have as much as 12 minutes of commercials). The programming is intended as a way to capture the attention of the audience, keeping the viewers glued to the television set so that they will not want to get up and change the channel; instead, they will (hopefully) watch the commercials while waiting for the next segment of the show. Entire industries exist that focus solely on the task of keeping the viewing audience interested enough to sit through commercials. The Nielsen ratings system exists as a way for stations to determine how successful their television shows are, so that they can decide what rates to charge advertisers for their commercial airtime.

The TV commercial is generally considered the most effective mass-market advertising format, and this is reflected by the high prices TV networks charge for commercial airtime during popular TV events. The annual Super Bowl football game is known as much for its commercial advertisements as for the game itself, and the average cost of a single thirty-second TV spot during this game has reached $2 million (as of 2003).

British commercial television is not quite so relentlessly geared to the needs of the advertisers and there are fewer interruptions. Nevertheless, the amount of commercial airtime allowed by the Independent Television Authority and its successors has risen from 7 minutes per hour in the 1970s to 12 minutes today.

Commercials take airtime away from programmes. In the 1960s a typical hour-long American show would run for 51 minutes excluding commercials. Today a similar program would only be 42 minutes long. In other words, over the course of 10 hours an American viewer will see approximately an hour and a half more commercials than he did in the sixties. Furthermore, if that sixties show is rerun today it is almost certain to be cut by 9 minutes to make room for the extra commercials.

Because a single television commercial can be broadcast repeatedly over the course of weeks, months, and even years (the Tootsie Roll company has been airing a famous commercial that asks "How many licks does it take to get to the center of a Tootsie pop?" for over three decades), television commercial production studios often spend enormous sums of money in the production of one single thirty-second television spot. This vast expenditure has resulted in a number of high-quality commercials, ones which boast of the best production values, the latest in special effects technology, the most popular personalities, and the best music. A number of television commercials are so elaborately produced that they can considered miniature sixty-second movies; indeed, many motion picture directors have directed television commercials both as a way to gain exposure and to earn a paycheck. One of film director Ridley Scott's most famous cinematic moments was a television commercial he directed for the Macintosh computer, that aired in 1984. Even though this commercial only aired once, it has become famous and well-known, to the point where it is considered a classic television moment.

The advent of technologies such as TiVo has caused much speculation about the future of television commercials.

See also: List of television commercials, advertising, marketing

List of Marketing Topics	List of Management Topics
List of Economics Topics	List of Accounting Topics
List of Finance Topics	List of Economists

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television commercial."

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Television network

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A television network is a distribution network for television content whereby a central operation provides programming for many television stations. Until the mid-1980s, television programming in the United States was dominated by a small number of broadcast networks, but with the advent of cable television the cost of creating a television network has been reduced and there have been a huge increase in the number of networks with most of the newer networks catering to a small group. Many early television networks evolved from earlier radio networks.

Broadcast television networks:

Australia

• Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) http://www.abc.net.au
• Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) http://www.sbs.com.au
• Nine network http://ninemsn.com.au
• Ten network http://www.ten.com.au
• Seven network http://i7.aol.com.au

Canada

• Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) - http://www.cbc.ca
• CTV Television Network (CTV) http://www.ctv.ca
• Global Television Network (Global) - http://www.canada.com/globaltv/
• Citytv - http://www.citytv.com
• Prime - http://www.canada.com
• SRC - http://www.radio-canada.ca
• TQS - http://www.tqs.ca
• NTV - http://www.ntv.ca
• TVOntario - http://www.tvo.org
• NewVR - http://www.thenewvr.com
• Atlantic Television (ATV) - http://www.atv.ca

China, Peoples Republic of

• Chinese Central Television (CCTV)

China, Republic of

See entry for Taiwan below.

Finland

• Yleisradio (YLE, Finnish Broadcasting Corporation) - state broadcaster
• MTV3 - (Mainos-TV) commercial station
• Nelonen - (Channel Four Finland) commercial station

India

• Doordarshan - State owned network (19 channels)
• Star TV
• Zee Network
• Sun Network
• See also List of Indian television stations

Ireland

• Radio Telifís Éireann (RTÉ) - state broadcaster
  • TG 4 (Irish language semi-independent station)
• TV 3 - independent station
• Sky (BSkyB - satellite network)
• Ulster Television (UTV) - part of the ITV network
• BBC Northern Ireland

note: BBC NI and UTV are based in Northern Ireland, RTÉ and TV 3 in the Republic of Ireland. However all four are available to most viewers throughout the island of Ireland, with UTV now accepting advertising from the Republic and targeting some of its programmes specifically at viewers in the Republic. Access to the Republic's stations (but in particular RTÉ) in Northern Ireland was a requirement of the Good Friday Agreement peace deal in 1998.

Japan

• Nihon Housou Kyoukai (NHK) (web site:http://www.nhk.or.jp)
• Nippon Television Network Corporation (web site:http://www.ntv.co.jp)
• Tokyo Broadcasting System, Inc (TBS) (web site:http://www.tbs.co.jp)
• Fuji Television (web site:http://www.fujitv.co.jp)
• Asahi Broadcasting Corporation (web site:http://www.asahi.co.jp)
• TV Tokyo (web site:http://www.tv-tokyo.co.jp)
• Yomiuri Telecasting Corporation (YTV) (web site:http://www.ytv.co.jp)
• Mainichi Broadcasting System, Inc (MBS) (web site:http://www.mbs.jp)
• Kansai Telecasting Corporation (KTV) (web site:http://www.ktv.co.jp)

Sweden

• Sveriges Television
• TV4
• Viasat

Taiwan

• China Television Company (CTV) - (need chinese terms)
• Chinese Television Service (CTS)
• Taiwan Television Company (TTV)

United States

U.S. Broadcast television networks

• American Broadcasting Company (ABC)
• Azteca America Spanish language network
• Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)
• DuMont Network went defunct after 1956
• Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) Religious - Catholic
• Fox Broadcasting Network (Fox)
• National Broadcasting Company (NBC)
• National Educational Television (NET) defunct in 1969 - merged into PBS
• PAX Network (PAX)
• Public Broadcasting System (PBS)
• Telefutura (TFT) Spanish language network
• Telemundo (TDO) Spanish language network
• Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN) Religious - Protestant
• United Paramount Network (UPN)
• Univision (UVN) Spanish language network
• Warner Brothers Network (WB)

U.S. Cable television networks

Major:

• A&E Network
• ABC Family (FAM)
• Animal Planet (ANIM)
• Bravo
• Black Entertainment Television (BET)
• C-SPAN (CSPN)
• CNBC
• Cable News Network (CNN)
• Cartoon Network
• Comedy Central (COM)
• Court TV
• Discovery Channel (DISC)
• Disney Channel (DISN)
• ESPN
• ESPN2
• ESPN Classic
• Food Network (FOOD)
• Fox News Channel (FNC)
• Fox Sports Net
• History Channel
• Home and Garden Television (HGTV)
• MSNBC
• MTV
• MuchMusic (MUCH)
• Nickelodeon (NIK)
• SciFi Channel
• Spike TV
• TBS Superstation
• TLC
• TNT
• Trio
• USA Network
• VH1
• The Weather Channel
• WGN Superstaion

Premium:

• Cinemax (MAX)
• Home Box Office (HBO)
• Showtime (SHO)
• Starz (STRZ)
• The Movie Channel (TMC)

United Kingdom

• British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) www.bbc.co.uk
• Independent Television (ITV) www.itv.com
• Channel 4 www.channel4.com
• Sianel Pedwar Cymru (S4C - in Welsh) www.s4c.co.uk
• five www.five.tv
• Sky (BSkyB - satellite network) www.sky.com

See also

• Lists of television channels

  Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television network."

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Television program

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A television program (American usage) or television programme (British usage) is a presentation in a television broadcast which may be either a one-off broadcast or, more usually, a periodically returning one. A television series is an example of the latter type.

The content of television programs may be factual (e.g. documentaries) or fictional (e.g. comedy or drama).

A drama program usually features a set of actors in a somewhat familiar setting. The program follows their lives and their adventures. Every program progresses the plot, the characters, or both.

Common TV program periods include regular broadcasts (like TV news), TV series (usually seasonal and ongoing with a duration of only a few episodes to many seasons), or TV mini-series which is an extended film, usually with a small pre-determined number of episodes and a set plot and timeline.

Common TV program formats include:

• TV comedy (typically situation comedy or sketch comedy)
• TV documentary
• TV drama
• TV talk show
• TV current affairs show
• TV cartoon
• TV infomercial
• TV mini-series
• TV quiz show

See also: List of television programs

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television program."

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Television station

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

A television network (US) is an broadcasting entity that provides programs to individual television stations, which are only licensed to broadcast in a specific area. Each network can hold a few "O & O's", stations it owns and operates, usually in the big markets.

Satellite and cable have created changes. Broadcast stations in an area can sign up to be carried on cable, but content providers like the Learning Channel can too. They aren't licensed to run broadcast equipment like a station and they don't regularly provide content to licensed broadcasters either. Furthermore, a distributor like TNT may begin producing its own programming, and shows presented exclusively on cable by one distributor may be syndicated to broadcast stations.

A person viewing by cable or satellite may not know what kind of organization is responsible for the program. So what seems to be a station or a network may be neither.

See Lists of television channels, for lists by country and language.

Major television stations (alphabetically listed)

Abu Dhabi TV - Arabic 24 hour news and lifestyle channel, from Saudi Arabia.

ABC - American Broadcasting Company, USA, Canada

The Amp - Indie music videos, UK

ABC - Australian Broadcasting Corporation, AU

Adult Channel - Adult programming

Animal Planet - Programmes about animals, owned by the Discovery Channel

Antena 3 - Spain

ANT1 - Greek Language

ARY Digital - Pakistani channel - asian programmes, UK Europe, Middle East & Asian Subcontinent, most of the world

Al Arabiyya - Arabic 24 hour news channel, from Saudi Arabia.

Al Jazeera - Arabic 24 hour news channel, from Qatar.

Atlantic Television System (ATV) - Canada

Associated Television Network Limited (ATV) - UK

Asia Television Ltd (ATV) - Asia, Hong Kong

BBC America - British Broadcasting Corporation US lifestyle channel, US

BBC Canada - British Broadcasting Corporation Canadian lifestyle channel, Canada

BBC Kids - British Broadcasting Corporation Canadian children's channel, Canada

BBC ONE - British Broadcasting Corporation primary analogue channel, UK

BBC TWO - British Broadcasting Corporation secondary analogue channel, UK

BBC THREE - British Broadcasting Corporation digital channel, UK

BBC FOUR - British Broadcasting Corporation digital channel, UK

BBC News 24 - British Broadcasting Corporation 24-hour news channel, UK

BBC Parliament - British Broadcasting Corporation political channel, UK

BBC Prime - British Broadcasting Corporation European lifestyle channel

BBC World - British Broadcasting Corporation international news channel

Biography Channel - Biographies, UK

Bollywood 4U - 2 Indian movie and music channels, UK

Boomerang - Cartoons, US, UK

The Box - Interective Popular Music Channel, UK

Bravo - 1980s TV shows like Knightrider and The A-Team, UK

Bravo - Arts and entertainment themed channel, Canada.

Canal Plus - Cable, France

Carlton - ITV London regional and series of digital TV Channels, UK

Cartoon Network - Cartoons, US, worldwide

CBBC - British Broadcasting Corporation Children's, digital channel, UK

CBC - Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Canada

CBeebies - British Broadcasting Corporation digital channel for young children, UK

CBS - Columbia Broadcasting System, US, Canada

CCTV - Chinese Central Television, worldwide

Challenge TV - Game Shows Channel, UK

Chart Show TV - Continuous music videos and charts, UK

Channel 4 - Channel 4, UK

Channel 5 - MediaCorp Channel 5, Singapore. Broadcast in English

Channel 8 - MediaCorp Channel 8, Singapore. Broadcast in Mandarin.

Classic FM TV - Classical music (part of the Classic FM brand), UK

CNN - Cable News network, worldwide

C-Span - Government programming, US

CTV - Canadian Television Network, Canada

Disney - Disney Cartoons and other shows, UK--outlet of a production company, which also owns ABC network.

Discovery - Documentary Channels, UK

Doordarshan National - National Broadcaster, India

Doordarshan News - State owned News channel, India

E4 - Entertainment & Comedy Channel, UK

ERT - Greek language, worldwide

Eurosport - European Sports Channel, UK

FilmFour - Channel for specialist, rare and independent films, UK

Five - Channel Five, UK

France 2 - France

France 3 - France

Fuji Television - Japan

Fox Television - US

Fox News Channel - US

Fox Sports - US

Front Row - 4 Pay Per View Movie Channels (cable only), UK

Galavision - US, parts of Latin America

GOD Channel - Christian Channel, UK

Global television network - National Canadian network, Canada

Globo (television) - Brazil

Granada - Series of TV Channels, UK

HBO (Home Box Office) - movie channel, USA

HBO Family - family/children, USA

History Channel - Documentaries, UK

HSN - Retailing, USA

ITV1 - Independent Television analogue channel, UK

ITV2 - Independent Television digital channel, UK

Kerrang - Interactive Alternative Music Channel, UK

Kiss - Interactive R&B, Rap and Dance Music Channel, UK

Liberty TV - Family Entertainment, UK

Living - Women's TV shows, UK

Magic - Interactive Easy Listening and Jazz Music Channel, UK

Mega Channel - Greek Language

MTV - Music Television

MTV2 - Alternative Music Television

MTV Hits - Popular Music Television

MTV Base - Rap, Garage and R&B Music Television

MTV Dance - Dance Music Television

MUTV - Manchester United (Football Club) TV, UK

National Geographic - Documentaries (also National Geogrpahic +1), and (National Geographic Channel), US, UK, worldwide

NBC - National Broadcast company, US, Canada

Network 2 - Radio Telefís Éireann, Network 2, Ireland

Nickelodeon - Children's programs

NDTV 24x7 - News channel, India

NHK - Public broadcaster, Japan

NTV - Japan Television, Japan

Paramount Comedy Channel - US & UK sitcoms

Phoenix TV - based in Hong Kong, broadcast worldwide for Chinese viewers.

Playboy TV - Adult entertainment channel from the makers of Playboy

Playhouse Disney - Younger children's programming.

PlayJam - Interactive Games Channel, UK

PBS - Public Broadcasting Service, US

PRO TV - Romanian language

Pub Channel - Channel for people in the restaurant and pub trades, UK

Q - Interactive Indie Music Channel, UK

QVC - Home shopping channel

RAI - Italian language, Italy

Record - Brazil

Red Hot TV - 5 adult entertainment channels, UK

RTE ONE - Radio Telefís Éireann, Ireland

RTP - Portugal

S4C - Sianel Pedwar Cymru, Entertainment and News (in Welsh language), UK

S4C2 - Sianel Pedwar Cymru 2, Political coverage (in Welsh language), UK

Scuzz - Rock music station, UK

Showtime - movie channel, USA

Sky Box Office - Pay Per View Movies and Events, UK

Sky Cinema - 2 Movie Channels, UK

Sky Moviemax - 5 Movie Channels, UK

Sky News - 24 hour news, UK

Sky One - UK Entertainment Channel

Sky Premier - 5 Movie Channels, UK

Sky Sports - 5 Sports Channels, UK

Sky Travel - 2 travel channels, UK

Smash Hits - Interactive Music Channel, UK:

Star World - Entertainment channel, India & South-East Asia

Starz - movie channel, USA

Sony TV - Entertainment channel, India

TBS - Tokyo Broadcasting, Japan

TBS Superstation - Turner Broadcasting System, US

TCM - Turner Classic Movies, UK

Telemundo - US, parts of Latin America

Television Asahi - Japan

Televista - Spanish language, Mexico

TF1 - Tèlèvision France 1, France

TG4 - Entertainment and News (in Irish), Ireland

TMF - The Music Factory - Music videos, owned by MTV

Toon Disney - Disney cartoons

Travel Channel - 2 travel channels, UK

TNT - Turner Network Television, US, UK

TV3 - Entertainment and News, Ireland

TVB - Television Broadcast Hong Kong

TVBS - TVBS Taiwan

TV Chile - Chile (Spanish language)

TVE - Spain

TVM - Television Malta, Malta

UK Drama - Classic TV Drama, UK

UK Food - Cookery programming, UK

UK Gold - Classic TV Series, UK

UK Horizons - Documentaries, UK

UK Style - Home, garden and cookery programming, UK

UK History - History programming, UK

Univision - Spanish Language, US, parts of Latin America

UPN - US

UTV - Ulster Television (Syndicated with ITV)

VH1 - Rock Music & Older Music Television (Owned by MTV)

VH1 Classic - Older easy listening and rock music

WB - Warner Bros. TV, US--both a small network and a production company.

- US

Weather Channel - US

TQS - Television Quatre Saisons, Canada

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Television station."

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Synonyms within Context: Television

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Modern Usage: Television

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Commercial Usage: Television

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Image Slideshow: Television

Photos: Television More pictures...

Illustrations: Television More pictures...

Computer Images: Television More pictures...

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Photo Album: Television

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Technician Setting up RCA Television Camera. Credit: NASA.		The bridge of the ALBATROSS IV at sunset - television is monitoring stern operations. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth.
	Adjusting television camera prior to mounting on satellite. Credit: NOAA in Space.		TIROS IV lifting off the pad. Launched by 3-stage Thor Delta rocket #317 the satellite was equipped with two television cameras for photographing cloud cover and with infrared sensors to make measurements of the earth's surface, atmosphere, and cloud tops. Credit: NOAA in Space.
	Army Sgt. Chris Seaton videotapes a holiday greeting for release to hometown television and cable outlets across the United States. Seaton's Army/Air Force Hometown News Team recorded more than 3,400 holiday greetings during visits to Army and Air Force i.		Television can convey a particularly vivid health message, but ... sets are rare outside the large towns. / UNESCO/WHO photo. Credit: National Library of Medicine.
	[Four children seated on the floor watching television and a woman in the background seated in an arm chair reading a newspaper Esther Bubley. Credit: National Library of Medicine.		Television. Credit: Library of Congress.
	D.E. Replogle giving the first public demonstration of talking moving pictures being transmitted over radio without the use of land wires from the studio of the Jenkins Television Corp. at Jersey City, N.J. Credit: Library of Congress.		Ireene Wicker, star of the radio program "The singing lady," who began a series of children's broadcasts on channel 7, television outlet of the American Broadcasting Co. ... Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: Television
 

"STARS IN YOUR EYES" by Jason Felmingham Commentary: "Shot in the back of a television stage with an EOS 5. I saw the light and could not resist. ."	"T.V. Blue" by Anthony Salimbene Commentary: "Man next to television."
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Sounds Captioned with "Television".

Play	Caption	Play	Caption
	Space mystery style television show excerpt.		Highly energetic rhythm and melody typical of a morning television show.
	A dramatic sci-fi sounding television or movie excerpt.		Reggae-influenced synthesized melodic tune very typical of a television show theme of the 1980's.
	Lots of repeated tones and guitar accompaniment in safari television style.		High energy piece typical of a television show or commercial from the 1980's.
	Early techno style piece typical of an early 1980's television show.		Pop-rock style groove typical of an afternoon television show. .
	Excerpt very typical of an adventure television film cue.		A television cue typical of a 1908's Island city style.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Television

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Use in Literature: Television

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Non-Fiction Usage: Television

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Spoken Usage: Television

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Speeches: Television

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Usage Frequency: Television

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: Television

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expressions: Television

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Television

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Modern Translation: Television

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Derivations & Misspellings: Television

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Rhyming with "Television"

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Anagrams: Television

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