Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Sworn

Definition: Sworn

Sworn

Adjective

1. Bound by or as if by an oath; "according to an early tradition became his sworn brother"; "sworn enemies".

2. Bound by or stated on oath; "now my sworn friend and then mine enemy"- Shakespeare.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "sworn" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references)

 

Synonym: Sworn

Synonym: pledged (adj). (additional references)
Antonym: unsworn (adj). (additional references)

Top     

Synonyms within Context: Sworn

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Affirmation

Depose, depone, aver, avow, avouch, asseverate, swear; make oath, take one's oath; make an affidavit, swear an affidavit, put in an affidavit; take one's Bible oath, kiss the book, vow, vitam impendere vero; swear till one is black in the face, swear till one is blue in the face, swear till all's blue; be sworn, call Heaven to witness; vouch, warrant, certify, assure, swear by bell book and candle.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Top     

Crosswords: Sworn

English words defined with "sworn": affidavit, Alnager, attestationblood brotherceremonially, ConjuratordeposedEnomoty, extortionFrank-lawJurat, juryPerjured, pledgedrituallySilentiary, smart money, swear off, SynomocyUnswearVoir dire. (references)
Specialty definitions using "sworn": Captain's protestDying SayingsGALLEY FOISTHafed, Highgate, HindaINADMISSIBLEKiss the BookLucrezia di BorgiaPrivacy ActSSS, Swear by my Sword, Sworn at Highgateto admit to probateWitham. (references)
Etymologies containing "sworn": Swear. (references)

Top     

Modern Usage: Sworn

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Vice president Ford will be sworn into office at that hour in this office (Forrest Gump; writing credit: Eric Roth)

It must be difficult having sworn your life to the Jedi not being able to visit the places you like or do the things you like (Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones; writing credit: George Lucas)

I have sworn to capture this man with all legal powers at my disposal and I will do so. (The Untouchables; writing credit: Oscar Fraley; Eliot Ness)

Deny thy father and refuse thy name, or if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, and I shall no longer be a Capulet (Romeo + Juliet; writing credit: Craig Pearce)

I am a Death Dealer, sworn to destroy those known as the Lychans (Underworld; writing credit: Danny McBride)

Lyrics

Coulda sworn it was judgment day ("1999"; performing artist: Prince)

I have sworn everytime (Red Red Wine; performing artist: UB40)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Commercial Usage: Sworn

DomainTitle

Books

  • A Destiny is Sworn (reference)

  • Mack Bolan: Sworn Enemies (reference)

  • Recipes Sworn to Secrecy: An International Collection of Family and Favorite Recipes (reference)

  • Sworn Allies (The Fleet, Book 4) (reference)

  • Sworn to Defend (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Image Slideshow: Sworn

Illustrations:
Sworn

More pictures...

Top     

Photo Album: Sworn

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

James Beggs is Sworn In. Credit: NASA.

Richard Nixon departs from the White House before Gerald Ford was sworn in as President By Oliver F. Atkins, Washington, DC, August 9, 1974. Credit: Nixon Presidential Materials Project, National Archives and Records Administration.

[Vincent DeVita is sworn in as the National Cancer Institute (NCI) director]. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

"Future Sailors are sworn in aboard the guided missile cruiser Boston by Captain Archer R. Gordon. Above them are the ship's eight-inch guns." (quoted from the original photo caption) The photograph was received by "All Hands" magazine on 8 February 1967. Location is probably Boston, Massachusetts. Credit: NAVY.

After Richardson was sworn in as the new Chief of the Bureau of Navigation, at the Navy Department, Washington, D.C., June 1938. Looking on is the outgoing Chief of the Bureau of Navigation, Rear Admiral Adolphus Andrews, USN. Credit: NAVY.

City of New York. Mordecai M. Noah, of No. 57, Franklin-Street, being duly sworn . . . Credit: Library of Congress.

Sworn on a stack of old party platforms. Credit: Library of Congress.

The new president takes the oath of office. The Wilcox home in which President Roosevelt was sworn in. Credit: Library of Congress.

"Jinks! I could 'a sworn I saw a leetle darkey in the melon-patch". Credit: Library of Congress.

Mrs. Maybelle Kennedy being sworn in as Assistant Treasurer of the United States by James H. Hard (left) with John W. Snyder, Secretary of the Treasury as witness. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Top     

Familiar Quotations: Sworn

AuthorQuotation

Elizabeth I

Monarchs ought to put to death the authors and instigators of war, as their sworn enemies and as dangers to their states.

Otto Von Bismarck-schoenhausen

The Catholic priest, from the moment he becomes a priest, is a sworn officer of the pope.

Thomas Jefferson

I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.

William Shakespeare

The jury, passing on the prisoner's life, may have in the sworn twelve a thief or two guiltier than him they try.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Historic Usage: Sworn

AuthorDateQuotation

Magna Carta

1215

And if any one of the five and twenty barons shall have died or departed from the land, or be incapacitated in any other manner which would prevent the foresaid provisions being carried out, those of the said twenty five barons who are left shall choose another in his place according to their own judgment, and he shall be sworn in the same way as the others. (reference)

John F. Kennedy

1961

For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Use in Literature: Sworn

TitleAuthorQuote

King Richard III

Shakespeare, William

Whom thou wast sworn to cherish and defend

Sonnets

William Shakespeare

I have sworn thee fair, and thought thee bright, Who art as black as hell, as dark as night

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Non-Fiction Usage: Sworn

SubjectTopicQuote

Business

To prove that a good is not Chinese, importers must submit a certificate of origin and provide a sworn statement as to the origin of the merchandise. (references)

Civil Liberties

Turkey

In October police officers at the felony court trial hearing recanted sworn statements that they had made against Fuat, stating that they had been told what to say by another officer. (references)

Economic History

Madagascar

He was sworn in as President on March 27, 1993. (references)

Syria

All documents must be translated into Arabic by a sworn translator. (references)

Human Rights

Poland

The Ombudsman has no legislative authority, no powers of enforcement, and is sworn to act apolitically. (references)

Turkey

Several eyewitnesses gave sworn testimony stating that they had seen them entering the Jandarma police station. (references)

Cambodia

Sworn, written statements from witnesses and the accused usually were the extent of evidence presented in trials. (references)

Political Economy

Philippines

Large, peaceful demonstrations in the capital over the next 3 days ended on January 20, when Estrada resigned and Vice President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo was sworn in as President. (references)

Pakistan

On June 20, General Musharraf was sworn in as the country's President, after the Provisional Constitutional Order (PCO) was amended (the PCO functions in place of the country's suspended Constitution). (references)

Haiti

President Aristide was sworn in on February 7. During the first half of the year, the international community, including the Organization of American States (OAS), and the country's civil society mediated discussions between the FL and the opposition Democratic Convergence; however, negotiations were not successful and talks were suspended in July following armed attacks on several police stations by unidentified gunmen. (references)

Political Rights

Pakistan

The same day, Musharraf was sworn in as President. (references)

Burundi

On November 1, President Buyoya was sworn in as president for the first 18 months of the 3-year transitional period. (references)

Afghanistan

The AIA was sworn in on December 22 in Kabul, led by Chairman Hamid Karzai, assisted by five Vice-Chairmen and 24 Cabinet members. (references)

Trade

Argentina

Importers must present a Sworn Statement for the Importation of Medical Instruments. (references)

Argentina

Excise taxes are paid on the basis of sworn returns or through stamps affixed to the product. (references)

Dominican Rep

However, a sworn declaration of exports (Declaracion Jurada de Exportacion or Formulario Unico de Exportacion) should be presented at the port of departure. (references)

Worker Rights

Bulgaria

The Government has a provision for victims to provide an anonymous sworn deposition to be used in court, but an anonymous deposition must be corroborated to obtain a conviction. (references)

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

INADMISSIBLE, adj. Not competent to be considered. Said of certain kinds of testimony which juries are supposed to be unfit to be entrusted with, and which judges, therefore, rule out, even of proceedings before themselves alone. Hearsay evidence is inadmissible because the person quoted was unsworn and is not before the court for examination; yet most momentous actions, military, political, commercial and of every other kind, are daily undertaken on hearsay evidence. There is no religion in the world that has any other basis than hearsay evidence. Revelation is hearsay evidence; that the Scriptures are the word of God we have only the testimony of men long dead whose identity is not clearly established and who are not known to have been sworn in any sense. Under the rules of evidence as they now exist in this country, no single assertion in the Bible has in its support any evidence admissible in a court of law. It cannot be proved that the battle of Blenheim ever was fought, that there was such as person as Julius Caesar, such an empire as Assyria. But as records of courts of justice are admissible, it can easily be proved that powerful and malevolent magicians once existed and were a scourge to mankind. The evidence (including confession) upon which certain women were convicted of witchcraft and executed was without a flaw; it is still unimpeachable. The judges' decisions based on it were sound in logic and in law. Nothing in any existing court was ever more thoroughly proved than the charges of witchcraft and sorcery for which so many suffered death. If there were no witches, human testimony and human reason are alike destitute of value.

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Top     

Spoken Usage: Sworn

SpeakerPhrase(s)

Rush Limbaugh

International terrorists and the rogue states that give them sustenance and protection are our sworn enemies.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Speeches: Sworn

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

John F. Kennedy

1961-1963For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.

Richard Nixon

1969-1974Vice President Ford will be sworn in as President at that hour in this office.

Bill Clinton

1993-2001When George Washington first took the oath I have just sworn to uphold, news traveled slowly.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Usage Frequency: Sworn

"Sworn" is generally used as a lexical verb (past participle) -- approximately 86.58% of the time. "Sworn" is used about 625 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (past participle)86.58%54111,416
Adjective (general or positive)13.42%8436,109
                    Total100.00%625N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

Top     

Expressions: Sworn

Expressions using "sworn": pledged sworn sworn brother sworn brotherhood sworn brothers sworn enemies sworn evidence sworn friends. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "sworn": sworn-in.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Sworn

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

sworn enemy

134

enemy lyrics sworn

29

sworn

19

sworn statement

18

affidavit sworn

12

in sworn

4

construction statement sworn

4

army statement sworn

4

form statement sworn

3

affidavit form sworn

3

band enemy sworn

3

affidavit sample sworn

3

sworn to vengeance

3

enemy sworn tab

3

contractor sworn statement

2

ii silence sworn

2

army form statement sworn

2

military statement sworn

2

enemy guitar sworn tab

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Modern Translation: Sworn

Language Translations for "sworn"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Arabic 

  

‏محلف (juror). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

заклет (confirmed, inveterate). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

发" (Avow, Avowing, swear, swearing, Swore, Vowed, Vowing). (various references)

   

Danish

  

som har aflagt ed (sworn in), erklæring på tro og love om samlivet (sworn statement of cohabitation), edsvoren (sworn in). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

beëdigd (sworn in). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

valantehnyt (chartered). (various references)

   

French

  

jurés, jurées, jurée, juré, assermenté (sworn in). (various references)

   

German

  

geschworen (vowed), geflucht. (various references)

   

Greek 

  

μετοχή του swear, ορκισμένος (sworn in), ορκίζομαι (kiss the book, swear, swore, take an oath, vow). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

מושבע (avowed, confirmed, inveterate). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

szitkozódik (swore, to bitch, to blaspheme, to cuss, to rail, to revile, to swear), megesket (swear, swore, to splice, to swear), megeskedtet (swore, to swear), megesküszik (sware, to nuptialize, to swear, to take a vow to do sg, to take oath, to vow, to wed), hites (chartered), esküvel fogad (sware, swore, to swear), esküt tesz (swore, take an oath, to attest, to swear, to take an oath, to take oath, to vow), esküt tétet (sware, swore, to swear), esküszik (swear, swore, to swear, to take an oath, to vow). (various references)

   

Italian

  

giurato (juror, juryman). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

義兄弟 (brother-in-law, stepbrother, sworn brother), 盟友 (sworn friend), 怨敵 (sworn enemy), 兄弟の義'結ぶ (become sworn brothers), 兄弟分 (buddy, pal, sworn brother). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

ぎきょう い (brother-in-law, stepbrother, sworn brother), お"てき (sworn enemy), きょう いぶ" (buddy, pal, sworn brother), きょう いのぎ'むすぶ (become sworn brothers), めいゆう (great or famous actor, star, sworn friend). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

맹세하" (Vowed). (various references)

   

Manx

  

prowit (deposed, established, proved, tested, tried), looit (sworn in). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

ornsway.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

jurado (juror, juryman), em juramento, ajuramentado (sworn in). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

participiu trecut de la swear, jurat (accursed, cursed, damned, juror, juryman). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

клясться (asseverate, swear, swear by, swore, vow), неизменный (changeless, constant, eternal, immutable, inalterable, incommutable, inevitable, invariant, irrevocable, permanent, steady, unalterable, unaltered, unamended, unchangeable, unchanged, unfailing, unvarying), присягнувший (swore). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

zaklet (professed), pod zakletvom (juratory, oath: under oath), particip proš. od swear. (various references)

   

Spanish

  

pp de swear. (various references)

   

Swedish

  

edsvuren (under oath). (various references)

   

Thai

  

กริยาช่องที่ 3 ของ swear. (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

який поклявся, присяжний (juryman). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

lời thề lời nguyền rủa (swear, swore), câu chửi rủa (swear, swear-word, swore). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Top     

Ancestral Language Translations: Sworn

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

conjuratus. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Top     

Bible Trace: Sworn

LanguageDateSourceActs Chapter 7, Verse 17
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintKaqwV de hggizen o cronoV thV epaggeliaV hV wmosen o qeoV tw abraam huxhsen o laoV kai eplhqunqh en aiguptw
Latin405VulgateCum adpropinquaret autem tempus repromissionis quam confessus erat Deus Abrahae crevit populus et multiplicatus est in Aegypto
Middle English1395WyclifAnd whanne the tyme of biheeste cam niy, which God hadde knoulechid to Abraham, the puple waxede, and multipliede in Egipt,
Renaissance English1526TyndaleWhen ye tyme of ye promes drue nye (which God had sworme to Abraham) the people grewe and multiplied in Egipte
Jacobean English1611King JamesBut when the time of the promise drew nigh, which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,
Victorian English1833WebsterBut when the time of the promise drew nigh, which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,
Basic English1964OgdenBut when the time was near for putting into effect the undertaking which God had given to Abraham, the people were increasing in Egypt,

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Matched Bible Translations: Sworn

LanguageActs Chapter 7, Verse 17
AlbanianPor, ndërsa po afrohej koha e premtimit që Perëndia i ishte betuar Abrahamit, populli u shtua dhe u shumua në Egjipt,
Cebuano¶ "Apan sa nagkahiduol na ang panahon sa gisaad sa Dios kang Abraham, ang atong katawhan misanay ug midaghan didto sa Egipto,
Croatian"Kako se bližilo vrijeme obeæanja koje Bog obreèe Abrahamu, rastao je u Egiptu narod i množio se
DanishSom nu Tiden nærmede sig for den Forjættelse, Gud havde tilsagt Abraham, voksede Folket og formeredes i Ægypten,
DutchMaar als nu de tijd der belofte, die God aan Abraham gezworen had, genaakte, wies het volk en vermenigvuldigde in Egypte;
FinnishMutta sitä mukaa kuin lähestyi sen lupauksen aika, jonka Jumala oli Aabrahamille antanut, kasvoi kansa ja lisääntyi Egyptissä,
GermanDa nun die Zeit der Verheißung nahte, die Gott Abraham geschworen hatte, wuchs das Volk und mehrte sich in Ägypten,
Haitian Creole¶ Lè a t'ap pwoche pou Bondye te kenbe pwomès li te fè Abraram lan. Pèp nou an te vin anpil, chak jou li t'ap vin pi plis toujou nan peyi Lejip la.
HungarianMikor pedig elközelgetett az ígéretnek ideje, melyet Isten esküvel ígért Ábrahámnak, megnevekedék a nép és megsokasodék Égyiptomban,
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariKetika sudah hampir waktunya Allah memenuhi janji-Nya kepada Abraham, bangsa kita di Mesir sudah bertambah banyak.
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaTetapi tatkala masanya sudah dekat dengan Perjanjian yang dijanjikan Allah kepada Ibrahim, maka bertambah-tambah banyaklah kaum itu di Mesir,
LatvianBet kad tuvojâs apsolîjuma laiks, ko Dievs Âbrahamam bija solîjis, tauta auga un vairojâs Çìiptç,
Maori¶ A, no ka tata mai te wa mo te mea i korerotia ra i mua, i oatitia ra e te Atua ki a Aperahama, ka tupu te iwi, ka tini haere ki Ihipa,
NorwegianEfter som nu tiden nærmet sig da det løfte skulde opfylles som Gud hadde gitt Abraham, tok folket til og blev mannsterkt i Egypten,
PortugueseEnquanto se aproximava o tempo da promessa que Deus tinha feito a Abraão, o povo crescia e se multiplicava no Egito;   
RumanianSe apropia vremea cknd trebuia sq se kmplineascq fqgqduinya, pe care o fqcuse Dumnezeu lui Avraam. Norodul a crescut wi s`a knmulyit kn Egipt,
Shuar¶ `Yus, Apraáman chicharuk "Nekas wi susattajme" Tímiania Nú tsawant jeatemamtai, Ejiptu nunkanam Israer-aents pampanki ti kawenkarmiayi.
Swahili"Wakati ulipotimia Mungu aitimize ahadi aliyompa Abrahamu, idadi ya wale watu kule Misri ilikwisha ongezeka na kuwa kubwa zaidi.
SwedishOch alltefter som tiden nalkades att det löfte skulle uppfyllas, som Gud hade givit Abraham, växte folket till och förökade sig i Egypten,
Uma¶ "Mahaa-hae ngkai ree, neo' rata-mi tempo-na Alata'ala mpopadupa' pojanci-na hi Abraham. Momuli-muli-ramo ntu'a-ta hi tana' Mesir, duu' -na wori' lia-ramo.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Top     

Derivations & Misspellings: Sworn

Derivations

Words ending with "sworn": foresworn, forsworn, outsworn, unsworn. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Sworn" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Sawori, Seweryn, sornt, sowen, sporn, swarn, swirn, swon, swor, sworen, sworm, swoun, swur, swurn. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

Top     

Rhyming with "Sworn"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "sworn" (pronounced swô"rn)
5s w ô" r nforsworn.
4-w ô" r nwarn, worn.
3-ô" r nadorn, born, borne, Bourn, Bourne, corn, forlorn, horn, lowborn, mourn, porn, reborn, scorn, shorn, stillborn, thorn, torn, unborn, wellborn.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Top     

Anagrams: Sworn

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "n-o-r-s-w"

-1 letter: nows, owns, rows, snow, sorn, sown, wons, worn.

-2 letters: nor, nos, now, ons, ors, own, row, son, sow, won, wos.

-3 letters: no, on, or, os, ow, so, wo.

 Words containing the letters "n-o-r-s-w"
 

+1 letter: browns, crowns, drowns, frowns, owners, resown, rowans, rowens, strown, worsen, wrongs.

 

+2 letters: downers, drownds, knowers, narrows, nonwars, onwards, pawnors, renowns, reshown, rowings, snowier, swooner, unswore, unsworn, warison, wonders, wonners, worsens.

 

+3 letters: bestrown, brownest, brownies, brownish, browsing, cornrows, crowners, crownets, decrowns, discrown, drowners, drowsing, embrowns, endowers, fanworts, forsworn, frowners, grownups, imbrowns, misgrown, networks, newborns, newsroom, nonwords, nowheres, outsworn, oversewn, pinworks, pinworms, preshown, rainbows, recrowns, reendows, resowing, rubdowns, rundowns, sandworm, sandwort, shopworn, showring, snowbird, snowdrop, spanworm, strowing, swooners, swordman, swordmen, tinworks, uncrowns, wagoners, warisons, whoreson, windrows, winsomer, wondrous, wordings, workings, wornness, worsened, worsting, wrongers, wrongest.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Top     



INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Images: Photo Album
8. Quotations: Familiar
9. Quotations: Historic
10. Quotations: Fiction
11. Quotations: Non-fiction
12. Quotations: Spoken
13. Quotations: Speeches
14. Usage Frequency
15. Expressions
16. Expressions: Internet
17. Translations: Modern
18. Translations: Ancient
19. Bible Trace
20. Derivations
21. Rhymes
22. Anagrams
23. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.