Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Surly

Definition: Surly

Surly

Adjective

1. Inclined to anger or bad feelings with overtones of menace; "a surly waiter"; "an ugly frame of mind".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "surly" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1350. (references)

Note: Surly \Sur"ly\, adjective. [Comparative Surlier; superlative Surliest.]. (Websters 1913)


Synonym: Surly

Synonym: ugly (adj). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Surly

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Discourtesy

Taint, sour, crabbed, sharp, short, trenchant, sarcastic, biting, doggish, caustic, virulent, bitter, acrimonious, venomous, contumelious; snarling; Verb: surly, surly as a bear; perverse; grim, sullen; a; peevish; (irascible).

Malevolence

Harsh, disobliging; unkind, unfriendly, ungracious; inofficious; invidious; uncandid; churlish; (discourteous); surly, sullen; a.

Sullenness

Adjective: sullen, sulky; ill-tempered, ill-humored, ill-affected, ill-disposed; grouty; in an ill temper, in a bad temper, in a shocking temper, in an ill humor, in a bad humor, in a shocking humor; out of temper, out of humor; knaggy, torvous, crusty, crabbed; sour, sour as a crab; surly; (discourteous).

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Surly

English words defined with "surly": Cankery, Chuffy, churlish, Crustily, Crustiness, crusty, curmudgeonlygruff, Grumill-humored, ill-humouredSnarlerugly, unforgiving. (references)
Specialty definitions using "surly": BLUFFCRUSTY FELLOWDOGGEDGrowlersRUSTY GUTS. (references)
Etymologies containing "surly": Surling. (references)

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Modern Usage: Surly

DomainUsage

Lyrics

To be surly. (Teen Angst (What The World Needs Now); performing artist: Cracker)

Tongue Twisters

Sheath thy sword, the surly sheriff said, "or surely shall a churlish serf soon shatter thee. (references; author: unknown)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Surly

DomainTitle

Books

  • Surly Tim, and Other Stories: And Other Stories (Short Story Index Reprint Series) (reference)

  • The Problem of the Surly Servant: A Charles Dodgson/Arthur Conan Doyle Mystery (reference)

  • The surly bonds of earth : a novel (reference)

    (more book examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Surly

Computer Images:
Surly

More pictures...

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Familiar Quotations: Surly

AuthorQuotation

J. M. Synge

Lord, confound this surly sister, blight her brow with blotch and blister, cramp her larynx, lung and liver, in her guts a galling give her.

Robert Burns

When chill November's surly blast make fields and forest bare.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Surly

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

They were surly with the nineteenth century.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Surly

SubjectTopicQuote

Business

Once a patient reaches the front of a line, he or she frequently faces surly, overworked, underpaid, and unhelpful medical staff. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Speeches: Surly

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

Ronald Reagan

1981-1989We will never forget them, nor the last time we saw them, this morning, as they prepared for the journey and waved goodbye and 'slipped the surly bonds of earth' to 'touch the face of God.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Surly

"Surly" is generally used as an adverb (general) -- approximately 54.67% of the time. "Surly" is used about 75 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Adverb (general)54.67%4153,521
Adjective (general or positive)41.33%3162,296
Noun (proper)4%3202,518
                    Total100.00%75N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Surly

Expression using "surly": surly ugly. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "surly": surly-looking.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Surly

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

surly

64

surly bike

35

surly bicycle

16

surly cross check

11

karate monkey surly

8

crosscheck surly

8

instigator surly

7

steamroller surly

3

simpsons surly

2

1x1 surly

2

bond earth slipped surly

2

girl studio surly

2

bond earth have i oh slipped surly

2

pacer surly

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Surly

Language Translations for "surly"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

i zymtë (black, cheerless, crepuscular, dark, depressed, dismal, dour, drab, dreary, eerie, funeral, funereal, gloomy, glum, grim, heavy, leaden, macabre, mirk, mirthless, morose, mournful, muddy, murk, sad, sepulchral, somber, sombre, spleenful, stark, sulky, sullen, tenebrous, winterly, wintry), i vrazhdë (abrupt, austere, bad tempered, boeotian, boorish, brutal, brutish, churlish, clownish, coarse, crude, discordant, dissonant, earthy, fretful, grave, gross, hard, hard-fisted, harsh, heavy-handed, ill natured, low-bred, morose, murky, robustious, rough, rough spoken, rude, scurrilous, severe, stern, sullen, truculent, uncivil, unfinished, unhandsome, unmannerly), i vrërët (morose, murky), i nxehur (candent, ireful, resentful, shirty, vexed). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏فظ (abrupt, blunt, boor, boorish, brusque, brutish, burly, chuffy, churlish, clownish, coarse, country, crude, crusty, curt, discourteous, earthy, grievous, gross, gruff, hairy, harsh, hoarse, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, low, mannerless, obdurate, off hand, plug ugly, precipitous, rough, rough and ready, rude, ruffianly, rugged, rustic, savage, scathe, serious, shaggy, short, sour, uncivil, uncouth, unkind, unmannerly, unprintable), ‏كالح (gloomy, glum, grave, grim, morose, stern), ‏مكفهر (cloudy, dark, dusky, gloomy, overcast), ‏عابس (austere, gloomy, grouchy, loiterer, morose, stern, sulky), ‏خشن (boorish, bristly, coarse, crude, gross, gruff, ill mannered, impolite, indelicate, jagged, mannerless, plebeian, rasping, raucous, rough, roughen, rowdy, rude, rugged, rustic, sand, scabrous, scratchy, stiff, tough, toughen, uncivil, uncouth, vulgar), ‏جاف (arid, becoming dry, boorish, brittle, churlish, crude, curt, dehydrated, desiccated, dried, dry, dryish, gross, harsh, objectionable, rough, unceremonious, uncivil, uncouth, ungracious, wild), ‏شرس (gnarl, grim, ill, pungent, ratty, ruthless, sour). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

груб (abrupt, bearish, boeotian, brusque, callous, churlish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, common, crude, cubbish, curt, earthy, feral, glaring, graceless, gross, gruff, hard boiled, harsh, heavy, hoggish, homespun, horny, loutish, low, material, outlandish, raspy, raucous, raw, rough, rough-shod, rowdy, rude, rugged, russet, rusty, short, tough, uncivil, uncouth, wild and woolly), невъзпитан (cubbish, ill, ill mannered, low, low-bred, mannerless, rude, unbred, underbred, unmannered, unmannerly), навъсен (beetle-browed, gloomy, glum, lowering, morose, murky, saturnine, somber, sombre). (various references)

   

Czech

  

nevrlý (bad tempered, bilious, cantankerous, crabbed, crusty, gruff, grumpy, ill tempered, morose, petulant, querulous, snappy, sour, splenetic, sullen), nevlídný (dismal, gruff, inclement, rugged, sour, stern, testy, uncongenial, unfriended, unfriendly, unkind), mrzutý (annoying, awkward, bad tempered, chuff, crabbed, cranky, cross, crusty, dumpish, frumpish, glum, grouchy, joyless, Moody, out of temper, peevish, pettish, rugged, sulky, sullen, testy, untoward, vexatious). (various references)

   

Danish

  

uvenlig (brutal, gruff, harsh, nasty, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

onaardig (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant), nurks (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant), nors (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant), honds (brutal, gruff, harsh, impolite, rough, rude, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant), bars (abrupt, brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

malafabla (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Faeroese

  

óblíður (bleak, brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

ناهنجار (Abnormal, Backhand, Dissonant, Gruff, Inelegant, Lumpy, Maladroit, Malformed, Nefarious, Raucous, Rough, Timber, Uncouth, Unkempt), تندخووگستاخ , باترشروءی . (various references)

   

Finnish

  

nyrpeä (cross, glum, morose, sullen), juro (morose, sulky, sullen, unsociable), happamen näköinen (sour-looking). (various references)

   

French

  

maussade (sulky, sullen). (various references)

   

German

  

unwirsch (brusque, brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, short-temperedly, sour, stroppy, sullen, testily, testy, unkind, unpleasant), mürrische (cantankerously, crabbily, crustily, dourly, fractiously, sullen), mürrisch (cantankerous, crabby, crotchety, crusty, dour, fractious, glum, glumly, grumpy, liverish, morose, morosely, peevish, sulky, sullen, sullenly, testy). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

κατσούφησ (glum), σκυθρωπόσ (cross, dour, glum, joyless, morose, saturnine, sulky, sullen), στριμμένοσ (captious, churlish, crabbed, crotchety, cussed, squiggly), αγρωπόσ, δύστροποσ (bloody minded, cantankerous, captious, crabbed, cranky, cross, fretful, grouch, illtempered, morose, peevish, pettish, recalcitrant, shrewish, splenetic, splenish, sullen, testy, untoward, vixenish, waspish, wayward). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

זעוף (angry, furious, irate, sullen, vexed, wrathful), סר וזעף. (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

nyers (assertive, blunt, brusque, burly, coarse, concrete, crude, ecru, feral, gruff, harsh, pure, ramage, raw, rough cast, rough spoken, rude, rugged, undressed), udvariatlan (abrupt, brusque, curt, discourteous, disrespectful, graceless, impolite, inurbane, rude, uncivil), mogorva (as cross as two sticks, bearish, cheerless, crabbed, criss cross, crusty, disagreeable, disgruntled, grim, grouchy, grousing, gruff, have the sullens, ill tempered, like a bear with a sore head, morose, pouty, saturnine, snapping, snuffy, somber, sulky, sullen, testy), mérges (angry, annoyed, be angry, cross, fretful, furious, poisonous, ratty, savage, stroppy, stuffy, to be choked, to be in a bad temper, to be miffed, venenous, wrathful), barátságtalan (austere, chilly, cold, crabby, disagreeable, disgruntled, doggish, gaunt, gruff, ill natured, inhospitable, pouty, rugged, sulky, sullen, unaccommodating, unaffable, unfriendly, unkind), bárdolatlan (bumpkin, churlish, inelegant, uncouth). (various references)

   

Icelandic

  

óvingjarnlegur (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant), óvænn (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

gentus (offensive), galak (fierce, frantic, gruff, impudent, plucky, sharp and mean, snappish, vicious), berengut. (various references)

   

Italian

  

rude (brutal, coarse, gruff, harsh, rough, rude, rugged, sour, sullen, tough, unkind, unpleasant), brusco (abrupt, bluff, blunt, brusque, brutal, cavalier, downright, gruff, harsh, offhand, offhanded, outspoken, rough, sharp, short, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

冷やか (chilly, cold, cold-hearted, composed, cool, curt, indifferent), 冷ややか (chilly, cold, cold-hearted, composed, cool, curt, indifferent). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

ひややか (chilly, cold, cold-hearted, composed, cool, curt, indifferent). (various references)

   

Manx

  

sproghtagh (infuriating), grouw (dark, dark-looking, dejected, dismal, forbidding, ghastly, gloomy, glum, grim), groamagh (bad-tempered, bearish, bleak, bleak of weather, cheerless, crestfallen, dejected, depressive, disagreeable, dour, forbidding, gloomy, glum, grim, gruff, mopish, morose, prospects, prospects), saturnine, sombre, sorry, stern, sullen). (various references)

   

Norwegian

  

uvennlig (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

urlysay

   

Polish

  

nieuprzejmy (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant). (various references)

   

Portuguese

  

ríspido (acerbic, crude, harsh, sharp), rabugento (acrimonious, atrabilious, brutal, criss-cross, crusty, currish, faultfinding, fiddle-faddle, fractious, fretful, frumpish, grouty, gruff, harsh, moody, morose, peevish, pettish, querulous, rough, shrewish, snuffy, sour, sullen, techy, testy, tetchy, unkind, unpleasant), mal-humorado (bad-tempered, cantankerous, choleric, crusty, glum, ill-humored, ill-humoured, ill-tempered, moody, mumpish, snappish, snappy, snotty, splenetic, sulky, sullen, techy, testy, tetchy), intratável (crab, crabbed, crabby, cross-grained, currish, fractious, intractable, kittle, restive, snappish, snappy, sullen, unapproachable, uncompromising, unmanageable, unsociable), grosseiro (awkward, bearish, blanket, boorish, bumbling, caddish, churlish, cloddish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse-grained, common, crass, crude, cub, curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, earthy, gross, gruff, harsh, heavy-handed, hoggish, homely, ill-bred, ill-mannered, impolite, incondite, indelicate, inelaborate, joggly, lacerated, left-handed, lob, loutish, low-bred, lubberly, lumpish, piggish, ragged, ribald, rough, rude, rugged, scurrilous, swinish, thick, uncivil, uncouth, uncultivated, unkind, unladylike, unmannerly, unparliamentary, untaught, vulgar, vulgarian, wooden), enfadado (disgruntled, moped, sulky, weariful), carrancudo (beetle, beetling, glum, moody, sulky, sullen), brusco (abrupt, bluff, blunt, brusque, brutal, curt, gruff, harsh, hit-and-run, jerky, rough, sour, sudden, unceremonious, unkind, unpleasant), arisco (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, shy, sour, unkind, unpleasant, unsociable). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

ursuz (churlish, crabbed, crabby, crusty, gnarled, grumbler, grumbling, grumpy, morose, peevish, somber, sombre, sulky, sullen, sullenly), posac (adust, mopish, morose, sour, sulky, sullen, sullenly), morocãnos (adust, crabbed, cross-grained, crusty, grouty, gruff, grumbling, grumbly, grumpish, grumpy, ill tempered, morose, morosely, peevish, snuffy, sour, sulky, sullen, tetchy), acru (acerb, acetous, acid, acidulous, acre, acrid, acrimonious, crabbed, cross, green, peevish, sharp, sour, sourly, sulky, tart, testy, touchy, unripe, vinegarish). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

угрюмый (farouche, gloomily, glum, morose, sullen). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

gruamach (sad), gnù, gnò, gnù (repellant), durga. (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

nabusit (blunt, haughtly, haughty). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

brusko (brutal, gruff, harsh, rough, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant), bronco (abrupt, brazen, brittle, brutal, crude, gruff, harsh, raw, rough, ruffianly, sour, sullen, unkind, unpleasant, unworked, unwrought). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

sur (acid, crabbed, cranky, cross, crotchety, dismal, grouchy, Moody, morose, ratty, sharp, shirty, sour, wet). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

suratsız (gnarled, grim, grouchy, morose, po-faced, saturnine, sour, sulky, sullen, ugly, ungenial, vinegary), somurtkan (glum, grumpy, morose, sour, sulky, sullen, unsmiling), sert (acrid, adamant, astringent, austere, bad, bitter, boisterous, bossy, brisk, brutal, cast iron, crusty, cutting, drastic, exact, exacting, fierce, firm, flinty, forbidding, get-tough, granitic, grim, gruff, gusty, hard, hard and fast, hard bitten, hard line, hard set, hardening, hard-hitting, harsh, heady, heavy, heavy-handed, hot, ill natured, inclement, incompressible, inelastic, intemperate, iron, ironclad, keen, nappy, pointed, pungent, rigid, rigorous, rough, round, sclerous, severe, sharp, sharp-set, short, short-spoken, shrewd, smart, solid, sound, spanking, spartan, spiky, stand up, starched, starchy, stark, stern, stiff, strict, stringent, strong, tart, tough, unbending, ungentle, unkind, unrelenting, unshaded, unyielding, vehement, violent), huysuz (acrimonious, as cross as two sticks, bad tempered, bilious, cantankerous, churlish, crabbed, crabby, crank, cranky, cross-grained, crosspatch, crotchety, crusty, cursed, difficult, disagreeable, disgruntled, doggish, farouche, fractious, fretful, gnarled, grouchy, gruff, grumbling, grumpy, ill natured, ill tempered, ill-humored, ill-humoured, liverish, mean, Moody, out of humour, out of sorts, peeved, peevish, peppery, perverse, pettish, petulant, prickly, quarrelsome, querulous, ratty, rusty, shirty, snappish, spleenful, spleenish, splenetic, stroppy, sulky, tetchy, thrawn, ugly, untoward, vicious, vixenish, waspish, wildcat, wrongheaded), asık suratlı (dour, glum, lugubrious, morose, repining, saturnine, straight-faced, sulky, vinegary), aksi (adverse, awkward, bad tempered, bilious, bloody minded, cantankerous, contra, contra-, contrary, counter, crabbed, crabby, cross, cross-grained, crosspatch, crotchety, doggish, dour, evil, fractious, fretful, Froward, gruff, ill natured, ill tempered, ill-humored, ill-humoured, inverse, negatory, opposite, peevish, perverse, petulant, recalcitrant, refractory, reverse, shirty, snappish, snuffy, spleenful, spleenish, stroppy, stubborn, sullen, tart, testy, unfavorable, unfavourable, unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky, untoward, wrongheaded). (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

суворий (arctic, astringent, austere, censorious, dour, grueling, gruelling, hard, hard-faced, inclement, iron, rigid, rigorous, severe, stern, straitlaced, stringent), грубий (abrupt, artless, barbaresque, barbaric, base, bearish, boarish, broad, brusque, brute, caddish, chuffy, churlish, clownish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, crass, crude, gross, hard boiled, homely, ill bred, knockabout, offhand, plebeian, primitive, ribald, rough, rough spoken, rude, scratchy, shaggy, swinish, truculent, uncouth), похмурий (adust, bleak, cheerless, dark, darksome, despondent, disconsolate, dismal, drear, dreary, dull, dusky, frowning, gash, gaunt, ghastly, gloomy, glum, grave, gruff, hard-faced, inhospitable, lowering, macabre, mopish, mournful, murk, nightly, obscure, overcast, sable, saturnine, sepulchral, shadowy, stygian, sullen, tenebrous). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

gắt gỏng (crossly, disagreeable, ill-tempered, snappish, snappy, waspish), cáu kỉnh (bed, crossly, edgy, fretful, grouchy, huffish, peevish, querulous, savage). (various references)

   

Welsh

  

sarrug (acrimonious, gruff, morose), dreng (harsh, morose, sullen), costog (cur, mastiff), arthog. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Misspellings: Surly

Misspellings

"Surly" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Euryl, gurly, Gurlyi, murly, serly, Shrlie, sirly, Sorby, squirly, sturly, subly, surey, suriy, surl, surley, surlie, surlit, surlyn, sursy, surty, survy, sury, sutly, urly. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Surly"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "surly" (pronounced ser"lē)
3-er" l ēBurley, burly, curly, early, girlie, Hurley, hurly, pearly.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Surly

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "l-r-s-u-y"

-1 letter: ruly, slur.

-2 letters: sly.

-3 letters: us.

 Words containing the letters "l-r-s-u-y"
 

+1 letter: slurry, sourly, sultry, surely.

 

+2 letters: burleys, crusily, elusory, hurleys, pursily, pylorus, rustily, splurgy, sulfury, surlily, uranyls.

 

+3 letters: absurdly, blustery, brulyies, butyrals, butyryls, clustery, crousely, crustily, cursedly, delusory, elytrous, gyplures, illusory, pleurisy, porously, resupply, robustly, rugosely, rusticly, salutary, scullery, scurvily, securely, slumbery, sprucely, squarely, sturdily, sulfuryl, sulphury, sultrily, summerly, superbly, superlay, surroyal, trayfuls, trustily, unsurely, urostyle, yourself.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern
5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Quotations: Familiar
8. Quotations: Fiction
9. Quotations: Non-fiction
10. Quotations: Speeches
11. Usage Frequency
12. Expressions
13. Expressions: Internet
14. Translations: Modern
15. Derivations
16. Rhymes
17. Anagrams
18. Bibliography


  

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