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Definition: Superstition |
SuperstitionNoun1. An irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "superstition" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1509. (references) |
Etymology: Superstition \Su`per*sti"tion\, noun. [French expression superstition, from Latin expression superstitio, originally, standing still over or by thing; hence, amazement, wonder, dread, especially of the divine or supernatural, from superstare to stand over; super over stare to stand. See Super-, and Stand.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Literature | Superstition That which survives when its companions are dead. (Latin, supersto.) Those who escaped in battle were called superstites. Superstition is religious credulity, or that religion which remains when real religion is dead. Paul said to the Athenians that he perceived they were "too superstitious."- Acts x v. 22. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Superstition is a term used by critics for a belief that is not based on reason. This belief may be faith based on revealed truth or it may be related to magical thinking. Critics argue that it arises from ignorance or fear.
Some argue that superstition springs from religious feelings that are misdirected or unenlightened, which leads in some cases to rigor in religious opinions or practice, and in other cases to belief in extraordinary events or in charms, omens, and prognostics. Many superstitions can be prompted by misunderstandings of causality or statistics. Any of the above can lead to unfounded fears, or excessive scrupulosity in outward observances.
Fanaticism, some argue, arises from this same displaced religious feeling, in a state of high-wrought and self-confident excitement. Such unquestioning loyalty can apply to politics and ideologies as well as religion; indeed, it can even be focused on sports teams and celebrities.
Whatever the cause, superstition can lead to a disregard of reason under the false assumption of a divine or paranormal form of control over the universe. A gambler might credit a winning streak in poker to a "lucky rabbit's foot" or to sitting in a certain chair, rather than to skill or to the law of averages. An airline passenger might believe that it is a medal of St Christopher (traditional patron saint of travellers) that keeps him safe in the air, rather than the fact that airplanes statistically crash very rarely.
Superstition is also used to refer to folkloric belief systems, usually as juxtaposed to another religion's idea of the spiritual world, or as juxtaposed to science.
Superstition and behavioral psychology
The behaviorist psychologist B.F. Skinner placed a series of hungry pigeons in a cage attached to an automatic mechanism that delivered food to the pigeon "at regular intervals with no reference whatsoever to the bird's behavior". He discovered that the pigeons associated the delivery of the food with whatever chance actions they had been performing as it was delivered, and that they continued to perform the same actions:
Skinner suggested that the pigeons believed that they were influencing the automatic mechanism with their "rituals" and that the experiment also shed light on human behavior:
- One bird was conditioned to turn counter-clockwise about the cage, making two or three turns between reinforcements. Another repeatedly thrust its head into one of the upper corners of the cage. A third developed a 'tossing' response, as if placing its head beneath an invisible bar and lifting it repeatedly. Two birds developed a pendulum motion of the head and body, in which the head was extended forward and swung from right to left with a sharp movement followed by a somewhat slower return. ("'Superstition' in the Pigeon", B.F. Skinner, Journal of Experimental Psychology #38, 1947 [1])
Like the pigeons, many people associate behavior (head-turning or worship of false gods) with an external phenomenon (delivery of food or conquest by a foreign power) that was not necessarily connected in any way with personal behavior. Any misfortune could thus be interpreted as a sign of divine disfavor, whether or not the individuals who suffered bore direct responsibility.
- The experiment might be said to demonstrate a sort of superstition. The bird behaves as if there were a causal relation between its behavior and the presentation of food, although such a relation is lacking. There are many analogies in human behavior. Rituals for changing one's luck at cards are good examples. A few accidental connections between a ritual and favorable consequences suffice to set up and maintain the behavior in spite of many unreinforced instances. The bowler who has released a ball down the alley but continues to behave as if he were controlling it by twisting and turning his arm and shoulder is another case in point. These behaviors have, of course, no real effect upon one's luck or upon a ball half way down an alley, just as in the present case the food would appear as often if the pigeon did nothing -- or, more strictly speaking, did something else. (Ibid.)
See Also
- Magic (paranormal) and Magic (illusion)
- Custom, Practice, etc.
- Conspiracy theory
- Folk religion
- Idolatry
- Triskaidekaphobia (the fear of number 13)
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Books
- Iona Opie & Moira Tatem - A Dictionary of Superstitions
Some of this text is from Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) -- update as needed.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Superstition."
Synonym: SuperstitionSynonym: superstitious notion (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Credulity | Noun: credulity, credulousness; Adjective: cullibility, gullibility; gross credulity, infatuation; self delusion, self deception;Noun: credulity, credulousness; Adjective: cullibility, gullibility; gross credulity, infatuation; self delusion, self deception; superstition; one's blind side; bigotry; (obstinacy); hyperorthodoxy; misjudgment. |
Heterodoxy | Hyperorthodoxy, precisianism, bibliolatry, sabbatarianism, puritanism; anthropomorphism; idolatry;hyperorthodoxy, precisianism, bibliolatry, sabbatarianism, puritanism; anthropomorphism; idolatry; superstition; (credulity); dissent. |
Reasoning, | Noun: intuition, instinct, association, hunch, gut feeling; presentiment, premonition; rule of thumb;Noun: intuition, instinct, association, hunch, gut feeling; presentiment, premonition; rule of thumb; superstition; astrology; faith (supposition). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Superstition |
| English words defined with "superstition": Deathbird ♦ Superstitionist. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "superstition": Abessa, Adaran, Afriet ♦ Balai, Bête Noire, Birds ♦ Cat's Paw, Cock-crow, Corceca ♦ Drows ♦ Greegrees ♦ Hip and Thigh, Homer a Cure for the Ague, Hugin and Munin ♦ June Marriages Lucky ♦ King, Kings ♦ magic, Magic Rings, Menamber, Mother Carey's Chickens ♦ Nickneven ♦ Phooka, Puff-ball ♦ U'na ♦ Wunderberg. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "superstition": Superstitionist. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Superstition" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. French (superstition). |
Superstition (performing artist: Stevie Wonder)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Negro superstition, the doo di doo bush, -- or which is the thief / R. Bridgens del. et lith. ; Day & Haghe Lith to the King. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Hoyt's comic whirlwind, A brass monkey a satire on superstition. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Adam Smith | Science is the great antidote to the poison of enthusiasm and superstition. |
Doris Lessing | The worst superstition is to consider our own tolerable. |
James Fenimore Cooper | Ignorance and superstition ever bear a close and mathematical relation to each other. |
Joseph Joubert | Superstition is the only religion of which base souls are capable of. |
Marcus Tullius Cicero | Superstition is a senseless fear of God. |
Marguerite Gardiner Blessington | Superstition is only the fear of belief, while religion is the confidence. |
Martin Luther | Superstition, idolatry, and hypocrisy have ample wages, but truth goes a-begging. |
| Superstition, idolatry and hypocrisy have ample wages, but the truth goes begging. | |
Voltaire | Superstition sets the whole world in flames; philosophy quenches them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The past has a face, superstition, and a mask, hypocrisy |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Children | Bangladesh | After sustaining a physical disability, women sometimes are "replaced" within their families and have nowhere to go. The economic condition of most families limits their ability to assist with the special needs of a person with disabilities, and superstition and fear of persons with disabilities in society sometimes result in their isolation. (references) |
Civil Liberties | China | There were also intermittent propaganda campaigns against superstition. (references) |
China | However, at the same time, folk religions have been labeled as "feudal superstition," and sometimes were repressed. (references) | |
Economic History | Japan | Beyond the three traditional religions, many Japanese today are turning to a great variety of popular religious movements normally lumped together under the name "new religions." These religions draw on the concept of Shinto, Buddhism, and folk superstition and have developed in part to meet the social needs of elements of the population. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | MAGIC, n. An art of converting superstition into coin. There are other arts serving the same high purpose, but the discreet lexicographer does not name them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Madison | 1809-1817 | More or less in all places, pride and indolence in the Clergy, ignorance and servility in the laity, in both, superstition, bigotry and persecution. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Superstition" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.57% of the time. "Superstition" is used about 230 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.57% | 229 | 19,864 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.43% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 230 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "superstition": superstition-free, superstition-riven. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "superstition"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | paragjykim (bias, preconception, prejudgement, prejudice, prepossession). (various references) | |
Arabic | معتقد خرافي, خرافة (fable, legend, myth, story), البطح. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | суеверие. (various references) | |
Chinese | 迷信 . (various references) | |
Czech | povìra. (various references) | |
Danish | overtro. (various references) | |
Dutch | bijgeloof, bijgeloof, býgeloof. (various references) | |
Esperanto | superstiĉo. (various references) | |
Faeroese | pátrúgv. (various references) | |
Farsi | موهومات , موهوم پرستی , موهوم (Superstitious), خرافات . (various references) | |
Finnish | taikauskoisuus, taikausko. (various references) | |
French | superstition. (various references) | |
Frisian | byleauwe. (various references) | |
German | Aberglaube (superstitiousness). (various references) | |
Greek | πρόληψη (prejudice, prevention, prolepsis). (various references) | |
Hebrew | אמו " טפל" (hunch), "זי" (delirium, delusion, fancy, hallucination, stardust). (various references) | |
Hungarian | babona. (various references) | |
Indonesian | khurafat (myth). (various references) | |
Irish | piseog. (various references) | |
Italian | superstizione. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 迷信 , 迷信 , 御幣担ぎ (superstitious person). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | "へいかつぎ (superstitious person), めいし". (various references) | |
Korean | 미 (Superstitiousness). (various references) | |
Manx | faasechredjue, credjue fardailagh. (various references) | |
Papiamen | superstishon. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | uperstitionsay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | superstição. (various references) | |
Romanian | superstiţie. (various references) | |
Russian | суеверие. (various references) | |
Scottish | giseag (a fret or bit of superstition). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | sujeverje. (various references) | |
Spanish | superstición. (various references) | |
Swedish | vidskepelse, vantro, skrock. (various references) | |
Turkish | hurafe, boş inanç (false conviction), batıl itikat, batıl inanç (old wives' tale). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ідолопоклонство (idolatry), забобон (prejudice), передсуд (preconception). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự mê tín. (various references) | |
Welsh | ofergoeliaeth, ofergoeledd, ofergoel, coelgrefydd. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | religio, superstitio, superstitione. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 25, Verse 19 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Zhthmata de tina peri thV idiaV deisidaimoniaV eicon proV auton kai peri tinoV ihsou teqnhkotoV on efasken o pauloV zhn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Quaestiones vero quasdam de sua superstitione habebant adversus eum et de quodam Iesu defuncto quem adfirmabat Paulus vivere |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | But thei hadden ayens hym summe questiouns of her veyn worschiping, and of oon Jhesu deed, whom Poul affermyde to lyue. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | But had certayne questions agaynst him of their awne supersticion and of one Iesus which was ded: whom Paul affirmed to be alyve. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus, which was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | But had certain questions against him of their own superstition, and of one Jesus who was dead, whom Paul affirmed to be alive. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | But had certain questions against him in connection with their religion, and about one Jesus, now dead, who, Paul said, was living. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Acts Chapter 25, Verse 19 |
| Albanian | Por kishin vetëm disa pika mospajtimi për fenë e tyre dhe për njëfarë Jezusi, që ka vdekur, dhe për të cilin Pali thoshte se është i gjallë. |
| Cebuano | Diha hinooy ilang gipakiglalisan batok kaniya mahitungod sa ilang kaugalingong patootoo ug mahitungod sa usa ka Jesus nga patay na, apan gilabanan ni Pablo nga kono buhi. |
| Croatian | nego su protiv njega imali nešto prijeporno o svojoj vjeri i o nekom Isusu koji je umro, a Pavao tvrdi da je živ. |
| Danish | men de havde nogle Stridsspørgsmål med ham om deres egen Gudsdyrkelse og om en Jesus, som er død, men som Paulus påstod er i Live. |
| Dutch | Maar hadden tegen hem enige vragen van hun godsdienst, en van zekeren Jezus, Die gestorven was, Welken Paulus zeide te leven. |
| Finnish | vaan heillä oli häntä vastaan riitaa joistakin heidän uskonasioistaan ja jostakin Jeesuksesta, joka oli kuollut, mutta jonka Paavali väitti elävän. |
| French | ils avaient avec lui des discussions relatives leur religion particulière, et un certain Jésus qui est mort, et que Paul affirmait être vivant. |
| German | Sie hatten aber etliche Fragen wider ihn von ihrem Aberglauben und von einem verstorbenen Jesus, von welchem Paulus sagte, er lebe. |
| Hungarian | Hanem valami vitás kérdéseik valának õ vele az õ tulajdon babonaságuk felõl, és bizonyos megholt Jézus felõl, kirõl Pál azt állítja vala, hogy él. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Mereka hanya berbeda pendapat dengan dia mengenai agama mereka sendiri dan mengenai seseorang yang bernama Yesus. Orang itu sudah mati, tetapi Paulus berkeras bahwa orang itu hidup. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | melainkan ada beberapa masalah sahaja ke atasnya dari hal agama mereka itu sendiri, dan lagi tentang seorang bernama Yesus yang sudah mati itu, yang diaku Paulus Ia hidup. |
| Maori | Heoi he kupu tautohetohe no ta ratou karakia ta ratou i mea ai ki a ia, ko tetahi Ihu ano i mate, e kiia ana hoki e Paora kei te ora. |
| Norwegian | men de hadde nogen stridsspørsmål med ham om sin egen gudsdyrkelse og om en ved navn Jesus, som var død, men som Paulus sa var i live. |
| Portuguese | tinham, porém, contra ele algumas questões acerca da sua religião e de um tal Jesus defunto, que Paulo afirmava estar vivo. |
| Rumanian | Aveau kmpotriva lui numai niwte neknyelegeri, cu privire la religia lor wi la un oarecare Isus, care a murit, wi despre care Pavel spunea cq este viu. |
| Shuar | Antsu áyatik Yus umirkar Túmatairin Papru nuna Túrachai, tiarmiayi. Tura nuyasha aishman Jesus naartin nantaki iwiaakui tawai Pápruka, tiarmiayi. Nunak tiarmiayi. |
| Swahili | Ila tu walikuwa na mabishano kadhaa pamoja naye kuhusu dini yao na kuhusu mtu mmoja aitwaye Yesu ambaye alikufa, lakini Paulo anashikilia kwamba yu hai. |
| Uma | To kurua' -na, muntu' posisalaa-ra hi agama-ra moto-rawo. Momehono' wo'o-ra mpomehonoi' hadua tauna to rahanga' Yesus. Yesus toei, mate-imi, tapi' Paulus mpo'uli' tuwu' nculii' -i. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "superstition": superstitions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Superstition" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: supersition, superstision, superstitiion, supserstition. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "superstition" (pronounced suw'persti"shun) |
| 6 | -s t i" sh u n | statistician. |
| 5 | -t i" sh u n | competition, dentition, dietitian, mathematician, mortician, optician, partition, petition, politician, repetition, tactician, theoretician, titian. |
| 4 | -i" sh u n | fission, academician, abolition, acquisition, addition, admission, admonition, ambition, ammunition, apparition, attrition, audition, clinician, coalition, cognition, commission, composition, condition, contrition, decommission, decomposition, definition, demolition, deposition, disposition, edition, electrician, emission, erudition, exhibition, expedition, exposition, extradition, fruition, geriatrician, ignition, imposition, inhibition, inquisition, intermission, intuition, juxtaposition, logician, magician, malnutrition, mission, munition, musician, nutrition, obstetrician, omission, opposition, patrician, pediatrician, permission, physician, position, precondition, predisposition, preignition, premonition, presupposition, prohibition, proposition, recognition, recondition, redefinition, reimposition, remission, rendition, reposition, requisition, retransmission, rhetorician, sedition, submission, supposition, suspicion, technician, tradition, transition, transmission, tuition, volition. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, faction, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, fiction, figuration, filtration, abrogation, absolution, absorption, abstraction, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, abduction, aberration, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, action, activation, adaptation, addiction, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoption, adoration, adulation, advection, advocation, affectation, affection, affiliation, affirmation, affliction, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, auction, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, benediction, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, circumspection, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collection, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, compilation, completion, complexion, complication, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concoction, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, conduction, confabulation, confection, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conjunction, connection, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, constriction, construction, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, convection, convention, conversation, conviction, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correction, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crucifixion, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decompression, deconstruction, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deduction, defamation, defection, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depiction, depletion, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, dereliction, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, diction, differentiation, diffraction, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, discoloration, disconnection, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinfection, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, dysfunction, echolocation, edification, education, egyptian, ejaculation, ejection, elaboration, elation, election, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erection, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, eviction, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaction, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extinction, extortion, extraction, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flexion, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fraction, fragmentation, freshen, friction, frustration, fumigation, function, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, imperfection, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inaction, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, induction, industrialization, infarction, infatuation, infection, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, inflection, infliction, information, infraction, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, injection, injunction, innovation, inoculation, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspection, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instruction, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, insurrection, integration, intensification, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intersection, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, introduction, introspection, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, junction, jurisdiction, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liposuction, liquefaction, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, lotion, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malfunction, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, midsection, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonfiction, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, objection, obligation, observation, obsession, obstruction, occupation, ocean, operation, oppression, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, passion, pasteurization, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, predestination, prediction, predilection, preelection, preemption, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, production, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, projection, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protection, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaction, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recollection, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, reconstruction, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reflection, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinspection, reintegration, reinterpretation, reintroduction, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejection, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, replication, repossession, representation, repression, reproduction, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, restriction, resumption, resurrection, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retraction, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanction, sanitation, saponification, satisfaction, saturation, secession, secretion, section, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, seduction, segmentation, segregation, selection, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subscription, subsection, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, subtraction, suburbanization, succession, suction, suffocation, summation, superstation, suppression, suspension, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, titillation, toleration, traction, transaction, transcription, transection, transformation, transgression, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-i-i-n-o-p-r-s-s-t-t-u" | |
-2 letters: outsprints, proustites. | |
-3 letters: eruptions, nepotists, outpities, outsprint, outstrips, petitions, pointiest, printouts, proustite, snoutiest, sostenuti, spiritous, sportiest, sternpost, stripiest, tenorists, turnspits. | |
-4 letters: entrusts, eruption, inosites, insister, inspires, introits, intrusts, ironists, nepotist, neuritis, neurosis, nitrites, noisiest, nutsiest, oestrins, osteitis, outpress, outserts, outspent, outstrip, petition, pietists, pointers, pointier, porniest, portents, posterns, postures, poutiest, printout, pristine, prosiest. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-i-i-n-o-p-r-s-s-t-t-u" | |
+1 letter: superstitions. | |
+3 letters: pasteurizations, repetitiousness, repudiationists, supernutritions. | |
+5 letters: hyperstimulations, neuropsychiatrist, repetitiousnesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Images: Slideshow | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Fiction 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Speeches 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Translations: Ancient 15. Bible Trace 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
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