Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Summer |
SummerAdjective1. Occurring in or appropriate to the season of summer; "summer flowers". Noun1. The warmest season of the year; "they spent a lazy summer at the shore". Verb1. Spend the summer; "We summered in Kashmir". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
"Summer" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a summer". |
Date "summer" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | SUMMER String manipulation and pattern matching language by Klint & Sint at CWI in the late 1970s. It was recently used as the input and implementation language for the Dataflow Compiler Project at CWI. ["An Overview of the SUMMER Programming Language", Paul Klint, 7th POPL, ACM 1980, pp. 47-55]. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
19th Century Satire | An oppressive and expensive season invented by rural cottage and hotel owners, railroad and steamboat companies and the Iceman. Source: Foolish Dictionary, 1904. |
Literature | Summer The second or autumnal summer, said to last thirty days, begins about the time that the sun enters Scorpio (October 23rd). It is variously called- (1) St. Martin's summer (L'éte de St. Martin). St. Martin's Day is the 11th November. "Expect St. Martin's summer, halcyon days." Shakespeare: 1 Henry VI., i. 2. (2) All Saints' summer (All Saints' is the 1st November), or All Hallowen summer. "Then followed that beautiful season, Called by the pious Arcadian peasants the summer of All Saints." Longfellow: Evangeline. "Farewell. All Hallowen summer."- Shakespeare: 1 Henry IV., i. 2. (3) St. Luke's little summer (St. Luke's day is 18th October). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Summer is one of the four temperate seasons. Astronomically, it begins with the summer solstice (around 21 June in the Northern hemisphere, and 21 December in the Southern hemisphere), and ends with the autumn equinox (around 21 September in the Northern hemisphere and 21 March in the Southern hemisphere). However, sometimes it is counted instead as the whole months of December, January and February in the Southern hemisphere and June, July and August in the Northern hemisphere.See also: axial tilt
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Summer."
Synonyms: SummerSynonyms: summer(a) (adj), summertime (n). (additional references) |
| Synonyms by domain: ete (transportation), summered (transportation). |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Evening | Autumn; fall, fall of the leaf; autumnal equinox; Indian summer, St. Luke's summer, St. Martin's summer. |
Heat | Summer, dog days; canicular days; baking. heat, white heat, tropical heat, Afric heat, Bengal heat, summer heat, blood heat; sirocco, simoom; broiling sun; insolation; warming . |
Morning | Noon; midday, noonday; noontide, meridian, prime; nooning, noontime. summer, midsummer. |
Support | Frame, framework; scaffold, skeleton, beam, rafter, girder, lintel, joist, travis, trave, corner stone, summer, transom; rung, round, step, sill; angle rafter, hip rafter; cantilever, modillion; crown post, king post; vertebra. |
Transientness | Verb: be transient; Adjective: flit, pass away, fly, gallop, vanish, fade, evaporate; pass away like a cloud, pass away like a summer cloud, pass away like a shadow, pass away like a dream. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Uncle Nick-Nack's summer wardrobe (The Addams Family; writing credit: Caroline Thompson) That was the summer of 1963, when everybody called me Baby, and it didn't occur to me to mind (Dirty Dancing; writing credit: Eleanor Bergstein) We both graduated college after taking summer classes, a major feat considering our aim in college was to be as destructive as possible (S.L.C. Punk!; writing credit: James Merendino.) I thought it was just a summer thing (Twister; writing credit: Michael Crichton; Anne-Marie Martin) Like remember that summer at Dairy Queen when I cooled my feet in the soft serve (Seinfeld; writing credit: Andreas Lenze; Bea Schmidt) | |
Lyrics | When winter hearts turn summer pink (Girls of Summer; performing artist: Aerosmith) Hot summer streets (Cruel Summer; performing artist: Bananarama) Was the summer of '69 (Summer Of '69; performing artist: Bryan Adams) My summer rain (Summer Rain; performing artist: Carl Thomas) After the boys of summer have gone (The Boys of Summer; performing artist: Don Henley) | |
Clever | France has neither winter nor summer nor morals. Apart from these drawbacks it is a fine country. (references; author: Mark Twain) A life without love, a year without summer. (references; author: Swedish Proverb) Parental Observation: Summer vacation is a time when parents realize that teachers are grossly underpaid. (references; author: unknown) Winter is the season in which people try to keep the house as warm as it was in the summer, when they complained about the heat. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Last Summer (2000) Hot Summer in Barefoot County (1974) Harrad Summer (1974) Funny Car Summer (1974) Yellow-Headed Summer (1974) | |
Song Titles | Summer Nights (performing artist: John Travolta & Olivia Newton John) Hot Summer Nights (performing artist: Night) Theme From "A Summer Place" (performing artist: Percy Faith) Endless Summer Nights (performing artist: Richard Marx) My Summer Love (performing artist: Ruby and The Romantics) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown are groups of people biking. The setting is summer and in the country. This is meant to indicate that one's lifestyle and environment can influence one's health status. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). |  | Shown is an outdoor summer scene in a treed area with a lake visible. Also seen are two runners in shorts. This is the cover photograph to the "Decade of Discovery" section entitled, "Lifestyle, Environment and Cancer". Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). |
 | Just when it seemed like the summer movie season had ended, two of NASA's Great Observatories ... Credit: NASA. |  | Astronomers analyzing debris from a comet that broke apart last summer spied pieces as small ... Credit: NASA. |
 | Polar bear - Ursus maritimus - on the Beaufort Sea ice in the summer. Credit: NOAA's Ark (Animals). |  | Salmon River - summer transportation for leveling unit Level party of Ira Rubottom. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | A rocky island on the east side of Penobscot Bay Reflections on a still summer evening. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Resident Canada Geese - the ones who "forget" to fly home for the summer. Resident Canada Geese put additional stress on the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Barge at bottom of photo summer home to scientists studying effects of EXXON VALDEZ oil spill. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Neny Island - still unapproachable through the ice of Marguerite Bay - 68 12 S Latitude 67 03 W Longitude. Furthest point south reached by the SHACKLETON in the summer of 1962. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Summer Meadow Tootsies" by Vici Cork Commentary: "On my own in a field." | "The girls of summer (i)" by Filipa Castro Commentary: "I don't think I'll need a jacket. ." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
 | Summer night sounds. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Henry James | Summer afternoon -- summer afternoon; to me those have always been the two most beautiful words in the English language. |
Heraclitus | God is day and night, winter and summer, war and peace, surfeit and hunger. |
Hosea Ballou | Tears of joy are like the summer rain drops pierced by sunbeams. |
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus | All that happens is as usual and familiar as the rose in spring and the crop in summer. |
Ralph Waldo Emerson | Do what we can, summer will have its flies. |
Sir John A. Macdonald | When fortune empties her chamber pot on your head, smile and say We are going to have a summer shower. |
Swedish Proverb | A life without love, a year without summer. |
Thomas Moore | 'Tis the last rose of summer, left blooming alone; all her lovely companions are faded and gone. |
William Shakespeare | But thy eternal summer shall not fade. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Hereafter, seed-time and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, shall not cease while the earth remaineth. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Winston S. Churchill | 1946 | The Agreement which was made at Yalta, to which I was a party, was extremely favorable to Soviet Russia, but it was made at a time when no one could say that the German war might not extend all through the summer and autumn of 1945 and when the Japanese war was expected to last for a further 18 months from the end of the German war. ("Iron Curtain" Speech) |
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | 1963 | This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. (Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1947) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | She was as happy as possible with the Martins in the summer. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The woods were dark, without any rustling of leaves, without any of those vague and fresh coruscations of summer. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | He remembered the summer evening he had been there to be dressed as boatbearer, the evening of the procession to the little altar in the wood |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Above the little dome of the firelight the summer stars shone thinly, and the heat of the day was gradually withdrawing |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | In our climate, in the summer, it was formerly almost solely a covering at night |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | By summer, eggs hatch into larvae. (references) | |
Shigellosis is more common in summer than winter. (references) | ||
Swimmer's itch generally occurs during summer months. (references) | ||
Business | Over 80 percent of domestic travel is to summer cottages. (references) | |
Summer is the high season for domestic and outbound travel. (references) | ||
In summer, men change to tropical weight woolens and cottons. (references) | ||
Children | South Africa | The provincial department of health reported at least 18 deaths, 5 mutilations, and 42 hospitalizations during the summer initiation season that began in September 2000. In December 2000, provincial health authorities began to regulate the practice by requiring the presence of trained medical personnel during the rituals. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Uzbekistan | NGO's and news services reported that trials of alleged Hizb ut-Tahrir members were common during the summer. (references) |
Greece | In addition the Government offered further opportunities for minority students to learn Greek through preschool, kindergarten, after school, and summer school courses. (references) | |
Economic History | Lesotho | Rainy season in summer, winters dry. (references) |
Qatar | Climate: Hot and dry, some humidity in summer. (references) | |
Switzerland | Sales of summer sportswear have increased slightly. (references) | |
Human Rights | Russia | Cells are overcrowded and stiflingly hot in the summer. (references) |
Afghanistan | The Northern Alliance reportedly laid these mines in response to the Taliban's summer 2000 offensive. (references) | |
United Arab Emirates | Only some blocks of the central prisons are air-conditioned during the intense heat and humidity of the summer. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Belize | In October 2000, the Government and the Mayan People of Southern Belize (a loose association of Mayan and nongovernmental groups) signed a collective agreement to address the grievances set forth in a petition by Mayan community leaders in the summer of 1998. However, Mayan leaders reported that by year's end, the agreement had produced no concrete results since its signing. (references) |
Political Economy | Eritrea | Students are required to participate in a summer work program. (references) |
SAUDI ARABIA | Similar actions took place in the summer 2001 in both Jeddah and Riyadh. (references) | |
Political Rights | Kyrgyz Republic | Pilot elections for the heads of local administrations were held in 16 villages in the spring and in 9 cities during the summer. (references) |
Travel | South Africa | Clocks are not advanced in the summer. (references) |
Qatar | The summer months are very hot and humid. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Cyprus | In the public sector, it is 38 hours during the winter and 35 hours in the summer. (references) |
Eritrea | High school students also are required to participate in a paid summer work program. (references) | |
Cyprus | In the Turkish Cypriot community, the legal maximum workweek is 38 hours in the winter and 36 hours in the summer. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | MACROBIAN, n. One forgotten of the gods and living to a great age. History is abundantly supplied with examples, from Methuselah to Old Parr, but some notable instances of longevity are less well known. A Calabrian peasant named Coloni, born in 1753, lived so long that he had what he considered a glimpse of the dawn of universal peace. Scanavius relates that he knew an archbishop who was so old that he could remember a time when he did not deserve hanging. In 1566 a linen draper of Bristol, England, declared that he had lived five hundred years, and that in all that time he had never told a lie. There are instances of longevity (macrobiosis) in our own country. Senator Chauncey Depew is old enough to know better. The editor of The American, a newspaper in New York City, has a memory that goes back to the time when he was a rascal, but not to the fact. The President of the United States was born so long ago that many of the friends of his youth have risen to high political and military preferment without the assistance of personal merit. The verses following were written by a macrobian: When I was young the world was fair And amiable and sunny. A brightness was in all the air, In all the waters, honey. The jokes were fine and funny, The statesmen honest in their views, And in their lives, as well, And when you heard a bit of news 'Twas true enough to tell. Men were not ranting, shouting, reeking, Nor women "generally speaking." The Summer then was long indeed: It lasted one whole season! The sparkling Winter gave no heed When ordered by Unreason To bring the early peas on. Now, where the dickens is the sense In calling that a year Which does no more than just commence Before the end is near? When I was young the year extended From month to month until it ended. I know not why the world has changed To something dark and dreary, And everything is now arranged To make a fellow weary. The Weather Man -- I fear he Has much to do with it, for, sure, The air is not the same: It chokes you when it is impure, When pure it makes you lame. With windows closed you are asthmatic; Open, neuralgic or sciatic. Well, I suppose this new regime Of dun degeneration Seems eviler than it would seem To a better observation, And has for compensation Some blessings in a deep disguise Which mortal sight has failed To pierce, although to angels' eyes They're visible unveiled. If Age is such a boon, good land! He's costumed by a master hand! Venable Strigg |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Rich Cohen | Yeah. It's a great thing about a book. It could just be about, you know, the feeling of a summer day that never ends. And a movie's about, I think, a lot of it is about the language and the way people talk. |
Richard Armey | In this Congress probably this summer, I would hope by July. It's been very difficult to deal with the language of the Supreme Court decision. |
Rosemary Clooney | I lost more friends. I lost more friends because they said, we are sick of the harpsichord from the summer and the beach. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | During the last summer a detachment of the Army has been usefully and successfully called to perform their appropriate duties. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | From the returns made by the various registers and receivers in the early part of last summer it was perceived that the receipts arising from the sales of the public lands were increasing to an unprecedented amount. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | A moment ago I spoke of despair and frustrated hopes in the cities where the fires of disorder burned last summer. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | The most serious manifestation was the massive, illegal exodus from Cuba last summer. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Our proposal will include new incentives for summer youth employment to help young people get a start in the job market. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | At the special NATO summit this summer, that is what we will begin to do. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Summer" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.70% of the time. "Summer" is used about 11,324 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.7% | 11,290 | 823 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.3% | 34 | 59,261 |
| Total | 100.00% | 11,324 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "summer" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Summer | First name Female | 17,000 | 662 |
| Summer | Last name | 2,000 | 5,643 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| "Summer" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a summer". | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "summer". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Hakkoz | N/A | Biblical | Summer |
| Summer | Female | English | A summer |
| Suvi | Female | Finnish | A summer |
| Sommer | Female | German | A summer |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| The following table summarizes names related to "Summer." | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Related Name |
| Summer | Female | English | N/A |
| Sommer | Female | German | Summer |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "summer": height of the summer ♦ high summer ♦ in summer ♦ in the early summer ♦ in the heart of the summer ♦ in the midst of summer ♦ in the summer ♦ indian summer ♦ late summer ♦ Luke's summer ♦ Martinmas summer ♦ Martin's summer ♦ one swallow does not make a summer ♦ pass away like a summer cloud ♦ pass the summer ♦ pass the summer in the country ♦ Saint Martin's summer ♦ showery summer ♦ spend the summer ♦ st. luke's summer ♦ st. martin's summer ♦ summer bird ♦ summer camp ♦ summer clothes ♦ summer cohosh ♦ summer colt ♦ summer complaint ♦ summer coot ♦ summer cottage ♦ summer crookneck ♦ summer cypress ♦ summer damask rose ♦ summer duck ♦ summer fallow ♦ summer flounder ♦ summer haw ♦ summer heat ♦ summer holiday ♦ summer holidays ♦ summer house ♦ summer hyacinth ♦ Summer Lake ♦ summer lightning ♦ summer queening ♦ summer rape ♦ summer rash ♦ summer redbird ♦ summer residence ♦ summer resident ♦ summer resort ♦ summer rose ♦ summer savory ♦ summer savoury ♦ summer school ♦ summer SESSION ♦ Summer Shade ♦ summer sheldrake ♦ summer snipe ♦ summer snowflake ♦ summer solstice ♦ summer squash ♦ summer squash vine ♦ summer sweet ♦ summer tanager ♦ summer tank ♦ summer teal ♦ summer term ♦ summer time ♦ summer vacation ♦ summer vacationist ♦ summer visitor ♦ summer warbler ♦ summer wheat ♦ summer wood ♦ summer yellow bird ♦ summer yellowbird ♦ this summer ♦ winter and summer alike. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "summer": summer-autumn, summer-blue, summer-child, Summer-fallow, summer-fashion, summer-flowering, summer-fruiting, summer-holiday, summer-house, summer-houses, summer-kissed, summer-like, summer-long, summer-only, summer-prune, summer-schools, summer-season, summer-shrunken, summer-skies, summer-sky, summer-time, summer-tree, summer-weight. | |
Ending with "summer": early-summer, mid-summer, spring-summer. | |
Containing "summer": formal-summer-outfit-with-hat, last-of-the-summer-wine. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
summer | 12,638 | the boy of summer | 635 |
summer camp | 6,998 | ann summer | 632 |
summer job | 6,207 | donna summer | 621 |
summer vacation | 3,949 | summer clipart | 607 |
summer solstice | 1,924 | summer jam | 533 |
summer flower | 1,552 | summer wallpaper | 526 |
summer job teen | 1,506 | kid summer camp | 506 |
summer dress | 1,387 | summer sanitarium tour | 461 |
summer school | 1,246 | quote summer | 458 |
summer cummings | 1,223 | song of summer | 446 |
student summer job | 1,108 | boy lyrics summer | 422 |
april summer | 1,074 | summer poem | 418 |
summer altice | 1,024 | summer activity | 401 |
summer sandal | 998 | free summer wallpaper | 368 |
summer fun | 906 | summer craft | 363 |
summer recipe | 818 | summer program | 359 |
summer sanitarium | 768 | dallas summer musical | 354 |
summer hair style | 730 | celebration muskegon summer | 349 |
summer clothes | 660 | summer reading list | 313 |
summer employment | 637 | summer picture | 310 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "summer"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | somer. (various references) | |
Albanian | verë (bottle, cup, moselle, wine). (various references) | |
Arabic | صيف, الصيف. (various references) | |
Asturian | branu. (various references) | |
Aymara | junt'upacha. (various references) | |
Basque | uda. (various references) | |
Blackfoot | yiipo (to be summer), niipó (to be summer). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | разцвет (bloom, blow, florescence, flourishing, flowering, heyday, meridian, noon, pride, prime, springtime, zenith), зрелост (maturity, nubility, ripeness), лято (grass, summertime), летен (summerly, summery). (various references) | |
Catalan | estiu. (various references) | |
Cebuano | ting-init. (various references) | |
Chinese | 夏天 . (various references) | |
Cornish | Háf. (various references) | |
Croatian | ljeto. (various references) | |
Czech | léto (summer time, summertime). (various references) | |
Danish | sommer. (various references) | |
Dutch | zomer. (various references) | |
Ecuadorian Quechua | inti pacha. (various references) | |
Esperanto | somero. (various references) | |
Estonian | suvi. (various references) | |
Faeroese | summar. (various references) | |
Farsi | ییلاق (Country), چراندن (Feed, Grass, Graze), تابستانی , تابستان رابسربردن , تابستان . (various references) | |
Finnish | kesä. (various references) | |
French | été (summertime). (various references) | |
French Canadian | été (been). (various references) | |
Frisian | simmer. (various references) | |
German | Sommer. (various references) | |
Greek | καλοκαίρι. (various references) | |
Guarani | arahaku. (various references) | |
Haitian Creole | ete. (various references) | |
Hawaiian | verë. (various references) | |
Hebrew | קיץ, קיט (summer vacation), חמה (fever, heat, sun, warmth). (various references) | |
Hungarian | nyár (poplar, summertime), nyári. (various references) | |
Icelandic | sumar. (various references) | |
Indonesian | musim panas. (various references) | |
Inuktitut | auja. (various references) | |
Irish | Samhradh. (various references) | |
Italian | estate (summertime). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 夏. (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | なつ, きゅうか (a nearby fire, a sudden fire, cone, day off, furlough, holiday, old family), サマー . (various references) | |
Korean | 여름 (Summers). (various references) | |
Macedonian | leto. (various references) | |
Malagasy | fahavaratra. (various references) | |
Manx | sourey (summertime), ceau yn sourey. (various references) | |
Maori | raumati. (various references) | |
Maya | ha'ah. (various references) | |
Mohawk | akennha'kène (in the summer). (various references) | |
Norwegian | sommer. (various references) | |
Occitan | estiu. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ummersay.(various references) | |
Polish | lato. (various references) | |
Portuguese | verão (summertime). (various references) | |
Portuguese Brazilian | verão. (various references) | |
Provencal | estiu. (various references) | |
Romanian | varå, varã (cousin, summer time), vara, vãratic (aestival, summer-like, summery), de varã, an (twelvemonth, winter, year, years), înflorire (blow, efflorescence, florescence, flourishing, flower, flowering, inflorescence, may, noon, noonday, noontide, pride, prime, prosperity). (various references) | |
Romany | lilày. (various references) | |
Russian | лето (summertime). (various references) | |
Samoan | tau vevela. (various references) | |
Scottish | samhradh. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | leto (year), letnji (summerly). (various references) | |
Sicilian | estati. (various references) | |
Slovene | poletje. (various references) | |
Sotho | lehlabula. (various references) | |
Spanish | verano (summertime). (various references) | |
Swazi | lí-hlobo. (various references) | |
Swedish | sommar. (various references) | |
Tagalog | tag-araw, tag-aráw. (various references) | |
Thai | ใช้เวลาในฤดูร้อน, เกี่ยวกับฤดูร้อน, เลี้ยงสัตว์ในฤดูร้อน, ฤดูร้อน (hot season, summertime). (various references) | |
Tswana | selemo. (various references) | |
Turkish | yaz (aestival, summertime). (various references) | |
Turkmen | tomus. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | літувати, літо (summertime), період розквіту. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | thu muộn những năm cuối cùng nhàn tản của cuộc đời (indian summer), mùa hạ (summer-time), mùa hè (summer-time). (various references) | |
Welsh | haf. (various references) | |
Wolof | nawet. (various references) | |
Xhosa | ihlobo. (various references) | |
Zulu | ihlobo. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | eme. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | aestas, aestas estas, aestate, aestatem, aestiva, aestivae, aestivo. (various references) |
| Avestan | 200-600 | hama. (various references) |
| Late Latin | 300-700 | sagmarius. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Luke Chapter 21, Verse 30 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Otan probalwsin hdh bleponteV af eautwn ginwskete oti hdh egguV to qeroV estin |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Cum producunt iam ex se fructum scitis quoniam prope est aestas |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | þonne hig wæstm brincgað: ge witun pæt sumor ys gehende; |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Whanne thei bryngen forth now of hem silf fruyt, ye witen that somer is nyy; |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | When they shute forth their buddes ye se and knowe of youre awne selves that sommer is then nye at hod. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | When they now shoot forth, ye see and know of your own selves that summer is now nigh at hand. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | When they now shoot forth, ye see and know of your ownselves that summer is now nigh at hand. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | When they put out their young leaves, you take note of it, and it is clear to you that summer is coming. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Luke Chapter 21, Verse 30 |
| Cebuano | Inigpanalingsing nila, nan, inyong makita ug masayran nga nagakahiduol na ang ting-init. |
| Chinese | 見 上 節 |
| Croatian | Kad veæ propupaju, i sami vidite i znate: blizu je veæ ljeto. |
| Danish | når de alt springe ud, da se I og skønne af eder selv, at Sommeren nu er nær. |
| Dutch | Wanneer zij nu uitspruiten, en gij dat ziet, zo weet gij uit uzelven, dat de zomer nu nabij is. |
| Finnish | Kun ne jo puhkeavat lehteen, niin siitä te näette ja itsestänne ymmärrätte, että kesä jo on lähellä. |
| French | Dès qu`ils ont poussé, vous connaissez de vous-mêmes, en regardant, que déjà l`été est proche. |
| German | wenn sie jetzt ausschlagen, so sehet ihr's an ihnen und merket, daß jetzt der Sommer nahe ist. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Apabila pucuk-pucuknya mulai kelihatan, kalian tahu bahwa sudah hampir musim panas. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Apabila kamu melihat pohon itu baharu bertunas, kamu sendiri ketahui bahwa musim panas sudah hampir. |
| Italian | quando gia germogliano, guardandoli capite da voi stessi che ormai l'estate è vicina. |
| Latvian | Kad tiem jau augïi metas, tad ziniet, ka vasara tuvu. |
| Maori | I te mea e pihi ana, na ka kite koutou, ka matau noa ake, kua tata te raumati. |
| Norwegian | Så snart de springer ut og I ser det, da vet I av eder selv at nu er sommeren nær. |
| Rumanian | Cknd knfrunzesc, wi -i vedeyi, voi singuri cunoawteyi cq de acum vara este aproape. |
| Russian | ЛПЗДБ ПОЙ ХЦЕ ТБУРХУЛБАФУС, ФП, ЧЙДС ЬФП, ЪОБЕФЕ УБНЙ, ЮФП ХЦЕ ВМЙЪЛП МЕФП. |
| Shuar | Ju nunkanam ni nuké yama punkakmatai "esat jeatemayi" Tátsurmek. |
| Spanish | Cuando veis que ya brotan, vosotros entendéis que el verano ya está cerca. |
| Swahili | Mnapoona kwamba imeanza kuchipua majani, mwatambua kwamba wakati wa kiangazi umekaribia. |
| Swedish | När I fån se att de skjuta knopp, då veten I av eder själva att sommaren redan är nära. |
| Uma | Ane nihilo-damo mela' -mi rau-na, ni'inca-mi ka'uma-napi mahae mara eo. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "summer": summered, summerhouse, summerhouses, summerier, summeriest, summering, summerlike, summerlong, summerly, summers, summersault, summersaulted, summersaulting, summersaults, summertime, summertimes, summerwood, summerwoods, summery. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "summer": midsummer. (additional references) | |
Words containing "summer": midsummers. (additional references) | |
| |
"Summer" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: cummer, rummer, Sammar, sammler, Semerc, semme, Semmel, Shurmur, slumer, smer, somer, sommer, submer, sumar, sumber, sumder, sume, sumen, sumer, sumere, summae, summar, summare, summe, summen, summor, sumr, unmer. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "summer" (pronounced su"mer) |
| 4 | s u" m er | midsummer. |
| 3 | -u" m er | drummer, dumber, bummer, comer, hummer, plumber. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-m-m-r-s-u" | |
-1 letter: mures, muser, serum. | |
-2 letters: emus, mems, mums, mure, muse, rems, rues, rums, ruse, suer, sure, user. | |
-3 letters: ems, emu, ers, mem, mum, mus, rem, res, rue, rum, ser, sue, sum, umm, use. | |
-4 letters: em, er, es, me, mm, mu, re, um, us. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-m-m-r-s-u" | |
+1 letter: bummers, cummers, gummers, hummers, immures, mummers, mumpers, rummers, rummest, rummies, scummer, slummer, summers, summery. | |
+2 letters: crummies, drummers, fermiums, grummest, grummets, mumblers, premiums, resummon, rummages, rummiest, scrummed, scummers, scummier, slummers, slummier, strummed, strummer, summered, summerly, summoner, supermom, tummlers. | |
+3 letters: bemurmurs, commuters, crummiest, emporiums, immatures, imperiums, menstruum, mezereums, midsummer, mummeries, murmurers, presummit, resummons, rummagers, sarmentum, scrummage, strummers, summaries, summarise, summarize, summerier, summering, summiteer, summoners, supermoms, thrummers. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Names: Frequency 18. Names: Derived from 19. Expressions 20. Expressions: Internet | 21. Translations: Modern 22. Translations: Ancient 23. Bible Trace 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
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