Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Suffering |
SufferingAdjective1. Troubled by pain or loss; "suffering refugees". 2. Very unhappy; full of misery; "he felt depressed and miserable"; "a message of hope for suffering humanity"; "wretched prisoners huddled in stinking cages". Noun1. A state of acute pain. 2. Misery resulting from affliction. 3. Psychological suffering; "the death of his wife caused him great distress". 4. Feelings of mental or physical pain. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "suffering" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Suffering is any unwanted condition and the corrresponding negative emotion. It is usually associated with pain and unhappiness, but any condition can be suffering if it is unwanted. Antonyms include happiness or pleasure.In a phrase like "suffering from a disease" emphasis is on having the disease, less on the unhappiness it causes.
Related terms are sadness, sorrow and grief. Some view anger as a type of suffering.
Boredom, or ennui (a French word, from Old French enui) is a reactive state to wearingly dull, repetitive, or tedious stimuli: suffering from a lack of interesting things to see, hear, etc., or do (physically or intellectually), while not in the mood of "doing nothing". Temporarily being in a situation of boredom may also be felt as a waste of time, but then it is usually considered worse than just that. Alternatively one may have the feeling that boredom is caused by having too much time.
Buddhism
In Buddhism, suffering is called dukkha. The fundamental principles of Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths, describe dukkha and a method of ending it.
Law
The Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 1984 defines "torture" as involving "suffering":
Similarly, the Rome statute of the International Criminal Court, 1998, defines "torture" as a crime against humanity as involving "suffering":
- "...the term "torture" means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or intimidating or coercing him or a third person, or for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctions. "
- ""Torture" means the intentional infliction of severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, upon a person in the custody or under the control of the accused; except that torture shall not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to, lawful sanctions."
Christianity
"Suffering belongs to the discipline of all Christ's followers (Romans 8:17; 2 Corinthians 1:7; Galatians 3:4; Philippians 3:10; 1 Thessalonians 2:2; 2 Thessalonians 1:5; 2 Timothy 2:12; 2 Timothy 3:12; James 5:10; 1 Peter 2:20 f.; 1 Peter 3:14, 1 Peter 3:17; 1 Peter 4:1, 1 Peter 4:13, 1 Peter 4:16; 1 Peter 5:10). Such suffering is called a suffering for God's or Christ's sake (Jeremiah 15:15; Acts 9:16; Philippians 1:29; 2 Timothy 1:12). This fellowship in suffering unites us with the saints of God in all times (James 5:10), and is indeed a fellowship with the Lord Himself (Philippians 3:10), who uses this discipline to mold us more and more according to His character."1
Language
An alternative meaning of "suffer" is "to allow".
Related topics
- Utopia
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Suffering."
Synonyms: SufferingSynonyms: miserable (adj), wretched (adj), agony (n), distress (n), hurt (n), woe (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Dejection | Overcome; broken down, borne down, bowed down; heartstricken; (mental suffering); cut up, dashed, sunk; unnerved, unmanned; down fallen, downtrodden; broken-hearted; careworn. |
Evil | Mental suffering. demon &Verb:. bane. badness; painfulness; evil doer. |
Feeling | Noun: feeling; suffering; Verb: endurance, tolerance, sufferance, supportance, experience, response; sympathy; (love); impression, inspiration, affection, sensation, emotion, pathos, deep sense. |
Pain | Noun: mental suffering, pain, dolor; suffering, sufferance; ache, smart; (physical pain); passion. |
Adjective: in pain, in a state of pain, full of pain; Noun: suffering; Verb: pained, afflicted, worried, displeased; aching, griped, sore; (physical pain); on the rack, in limbo; between hawk and buzzard. | |
Physical Pain | Noun: pain; suffering, sufferance, suffrance; bodily pain, physical pain, bodily suffering, physical suffering, body pain; mental suffering; dolour, ache; aching. Verb: smart; shoot, shooting; twinge, twitch, gripe, headache, stomach ache, heartburn, angina, angina pectoris; hurt, cut; sore, soreness; discomfort, malaise; cephalalgia, earache, gout, ischiagra, lumbago, neuralgia, odontalgia, otalgia, podagra, rheumatism, sciatica; tic douloureux, toothache, tormina, torticollis. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | What if all I have is my suffering, my regret (Interview with the Vampire: The Vampire Chronicles; writing credit: Anne Rice) Talking pictures, that means I'm out of a job. At last I can start suffering and write that symphony (Singin' in the Rain; writing credit: Betty Comden; Adolph Green) If you'd come to me in friendship, then this scum that ruined your daughter would be suffering this very day. And if by chance an honest man like yourself should make enemies, then they would become my enemies (The Godfather; writing credit: Francis Coppola and Mario Puzo. Based on the novel by Mario Puzo.) We are suffering for the mistakes they made because when the end comes, all that will be left is us. (Artificial Intelligence: AI; writing credit: Ian Watson) You two-toned, zebra headed, slime coated,pimple farming, parimicium brain, munching on your own mucus suffering from Peter Pan envy (Hook; writing credit: James V. Hart and Malia Scotch Marmo. Based on the play 'Peter Pan' by J.M. Barrie.) | |
Lyrics | After so much suffering (Thank God I Found You; performing artist: 98 Degrees) Papers in the roadside tell of suffering and greed (Ordinary World; performing artist: Duran Duran) If someone else is suffering enough to write it down (Sad Songs (Say So Much); performing artist: Elton John) Pain and suffering (Disappear; performing artist: INXS) | |
Clever | Suffering well-borne is better than suffering removed. (references; author: unknown) Shared suffering brings people together faster than anything else does. (references; author: unknown) Often, the only way to comfort the suffering is to understand that you can't understand and just be there. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Twins of Suffering Creek (1920) Pain and Suffering (1999) Reflections on Suffering (1982) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Female suffering from Beriberi caused by thiamine deficiency. Credit: CDC. |  | Child suffering with Marasmus in India. Credit: CDC. |
 | [Beri-Beri:] An inhabitant of the Dutch East Indies suffering from severe beri-beri (vitamin-B1 deficiency). Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | This young Indian girl's face reflects the suffering caused by trachoma. / WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by H. Page.. |
 | USS Yorktown (CV-5), in the distant left center, being abandoned after suffering torpedo damage, 4 June 1942. A destroyer is standing by off the listing carrier's stern, and USS Vincennes (CA-44) is steaming by in the middle distance. Credit: NAVY. |  | Lieutenant (Junior Grade) William Belden ejects from his Douglas A-4E "Skyhawk" attack aircraft (Bureau # 150117) as it rolls into the carrier's port catwalk after suffering a brake failure following recovery, 2 July 1970. LtJG Belden ejected safely and was rescued by Shangri-La's helicopter. Credit: NAVY. |
 | For the physical suffering he never seemed to care. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Winter pastimes. Suffering with a cold. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Sharecropper's child suffering from rickets and malnutrition, Wilson cotton plantation, Mississippi County, Arkansas. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Corn suffering from drought. Arkansas. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Suffering" by Hate Pain Commentary: "I wait in my shell and bleed..." | "Rich" by Andrew Millington Commentary: "Suffering from slope fatigue above Tignes, France." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
 | Injure; injury; hurt; hurting; injures; boo-boo; discomfort; distress; gash; harm; nick; ouch; pain; painful; pang; sore; soreness; suffering; wound; . |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Aeschylus | Wisdom comes alone through suffering. |
Augustine | God had one son on earth without sin, but never one without suffering. |
Friedrich Nietzsche | Christianity makes suffering contagious. |
Henry Ward Beecher | Suffering is part of the divine idea. |
Jules Renard | A cold in the head causes less suffering than an idea. |
Karl Marx | The only antidote to mental suffering is physical pain. |
Oscar Wilde | I can sympathize with everything, except suffering. |
Thomas Carlyle | For suffering and enduring there is no remedy, but striving and doing. |
Walter Savage Landor | Absence and death are the same -- only that in death there is no suffering. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | Only from the point of view of being the most suffering class does the proletariat exist for them. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation of duly authorised voluntary national Red Cross organisations having as purposes the improvement of health, the prevention of disease, and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world. (reference) |
Winston S. Churchill | 1946 | I can therefore allow my mind, with the experience of a lifetime, to play over the problems which beset us on the morrow of our absolute victory in arms, and to try to make sure with what strength I have that what has been gained with so much sacrifice and suffering shall be preserved for the future glory and safety of mankind. ("Iron Curtain" Speech) |
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | 1963 | You have been the veterans of creative suffering. (Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1963) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Emma | Austen, Jane | She had hardly been able to speak a word, and every look and action had shewn how deeply she was suffering from consciousness |
Sylvie and Bruno Concluded | Carroll, Lewis | So that is merely one of the many instances of Sin causing suffering to others than the Sinner himself |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | But his character had been so much enfeebled by suffering, that even its lower energies were incapable of more than a temporary struggle |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | When the earth is suffering from a surcharge, there are mysterious moanings from the deeps which the heavens hear |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | A sin, an instant of folly and weakness, drove Adam and Eve out of Eden and brought death and suffering into the world |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | On top of the truck, the suffering hound dog crawled timidly to the edge of the load and looked over, whimpering, toward the water |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Emotional suffering may be one of the most painful parts of obesity. (references) | |
Amelioration of pain and suffering associated with physical illnesses. (references) | ||
These fractures are costly—both in dollars, but also in personal suffering. (references) | ||
Business | They claim that private loans have been partially replaced by “loans” to the Argentine government, currently suffering its worst fiscal deficit in several years. (references) | |
French food producers and processors in particular are suffering from restrictions imposed by the United States on products such as certain cheeses, foie gras and truffles. (references) | ||
These companies, suffering from fierce competition and a recession in the economy, are now financing up to 100 percent of their equipment sales to Argentine hospitals and clinics. (references) | ||
Children | Korea | In some remote provinces, many persons over the age of 6 years reportedly appear to be suffering from long-term malnutrition. (references) |
India | Run by NGO's with government funding, the child help line assists street children, orphans, destitute children, runaway children, and children suffering abuse and exploitation. (references) | |
Czech Republic | The Fund for Endangered Children estimated that the total number of children suffering from physical, psychological, and sexual abuse is 20,000 to 40,000, but only about one-tenth of such cases are registered by the police. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | China | There continue to be reports of monks and nuns outside of the TAR who have left monasteries and nunneries to avoid the patriotic education campaigns, which force them to choose between signing oaths with political content or possibly suffering serious consequences. (references) |
Belarus | On January 12, a criminal case for slander was initiated against Nasha Svaboda for publishing the article of Dr. Dmitry Shchygilski, a psychologist, who diagnosed Aleksandr Lukashenka as suffering from "mosaic psychopathy." The charges were not pursued after the Nasha Svaboda editor suggested that to prove slander, the prosecutors would have to prove Lukashenka was not ill, and offered to help find an independent expert for the evaluation of his health. (references) | |
Discrimination | Mexico | Individuals suffering from HIV/AIDS are victims of abuse and mistreatment. (references) |
Economic History | Nigeria | Some sectors of the population remain vulnerable, suffering from malnutrition. (references) |
Mali | They are based on shared goals of averting suffering and strengthening democracy. (references) | |
Mexico | The music industry, in particular, is suffering from the widespread availability of pirated CDs. (references) | |
Human Rights | China | He is suffering from cancer and was denied release on medical parole in April. (references) |
Estonia | The percentage of prisoners suffering from tuberculosis was much higher than in the general population. (references) | |
Djibouti | Several prisoners were reported to be suffering from untreated illnesses or gunshot wounds received during arrest. (references) | |
Minorities | Namibia | There were several reported cases of black farm workers suffering discrimination in remote areas at the hands of white farm owners. (references) |
Political Economy | UKRAINE | After suffering a decade of annual economic declines, Ukraine's economy grew by six percent in 2000, triple the rate initially forecast for the year. (references) |
Ecuador | Suffering from capital flight, steep devaluation, soaring interest rates, and the highest inflation in the hemisphere, the Government decided in January 2000 to abandon Ecuador's currency in favor of the dollar. (references) | |
Political Rights | Indonesia | All adult citizens, except active-duty members of the armed forces, persons in prison convicted of crimes punishable by over 5 years' incarceration, persons suffering from mental disorders, and persons deprived of voting rights by an irrevocable verdict of a court of justice, are eligible to vote. (references) |
Travel | Costa Rica | Costa Rica's telecommunications network is suffering from lack of investment. (references) |
Indonesia | Persons suffering from severe diarrhea may obtain powder to make up oral rehydration solution from a local pharmacy. (references) | |
Women | Mexico | The victim seeks help in only one of every six homes suffering from domestic abuse. (references) |
Lebanon | In general battered or abused women do not talk about their suffering due to fear of bringing shame upon their own families or accusations of misbehavior upon themselves. (references) | |
Poland | Women's organizations assert that the number of women suffering from domestic abuse is probably much higher due to the fact that battered women usually refuse to admit abuse even to themselves. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Uruguay | The Government may legally compel workers to work during a strike if they perform an essential service which, if interrupted, "could cause a grave prejudice or risk, provoking suffering to part or all of the society." On July 25, the umbrella labor confederation--the Workers' Inter-Union Plenary/National Workers' Confederation (PIT/CNT)--organized a 1-day general strike. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | SORCERY, n. The ancient prototype and forerunner of political influence. It was, however, deemed less respectable and sometimes was punished by torture and death. Augustine Nicholas relates that a poor peasant who had been accused of sorcery was put to the torture to compel a confession. After enduring a few gentle agonies the suffering simpleton admitted his guilt, but naively asked his tormentors if it were not possible to be a sorcerer without knowing it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | The only thing more indifferent to human suffering than Mother Nature is a mid-market television reporter looking to go national. |
Mohammed Aldouri | We are not seeing from this side. We are seeing only our solidarity with our people and Palestine, who are suffering, who need all kind of helps. |
Nancy Grace | Well it depends. I would not go for some prurient interest, to observe a human in their last moments. In suffering in what I consider a private moment between them and their maker. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Without the fullest assurances on that point, I could not hope to acquit myself of the responsibility to be incurred in suffering Congress to adjourn without laying the subject before them. |
Franklin Pierce | 1853-1857 | In this our country has, in my judgment, thus far fulfilled its highest duty to suffering humanity. |
Warren G. Harding | 1921-1923 | I had rather submit our industrial controversies to the conference table in advance than to a settlement table after conflict and suffering. |
Calvin Coolidge | 1923-1929 | We have not failed, nor shall we fail to respond, whenever necessary to mitigate human suffering and assist in the rehabilitation of distressed nations. |
Herbert C. Hoover | 1929-1933 | The returns are a thousand fold in economic benefits, and infinitely more in reduction of suffering and promotion of human happiness. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Due in great part to the generosity of the American people and the leadership exercised in the international arena by the United States, we have played the pivotal role in ameliorating massive suffering in Kampuchea. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Our civil life is suffering in America today. |
George W. Bush | 2001-2005 | Where there is suffering, there is duty. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Suffering" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 85.03% of the time. "Suffering" is used about 3,129 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 85.03% | 2,660 | 3,441 |
| Noun (singular) | 12.96% | 406 | 13,854 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 1.31% | 41 | 53,521 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.64% | 20 | 78,262 |
| Noun (common) | 0.06% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 3,129 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "suffering": be long suffering ♦ have gone through much suffering ♦ intense suffering ♦ mental suffering ♦ mutual suffering ♦ person suffering from an allergy ♦ suffering from ♦ suffering from a chill ♦ suffering from aids ♦ suffering from blight ♦ suffering from complexes ♦ suffering from hypotension ♦ suffering from rachitic ♦ suffering from tuberculosis ♦ untold suffering. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "suffering": suffering-for-their-art, suffering-to. | |
Ending with "suffering": amnesia-suffering, animosity-suffering, fistula-suffering, long-suffering, self-suffering. | |
Containing "suffering": long-suffering wife, poor-thing-how-you-must-be-suffering-thank-god-i'm-not. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "suffering"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | vuajtje (affliction, agony, anguish, cross, distress, dolor, dolour, gyp, hardship, martyrdom, misery, pain, rack, torment, tribulation), vuajtës. (various references) | |
Arabic | مكروب (agonised, anguished, distressed, sad, stricken), مقاساة, متألم (sore, torturer), معذب (afflicted, agonized, murdered, tormented, tortured, torturer), معاناة (anguish, bear a load, hardship, illness, misery, sufferance, tribulation), اذى, ألم (ache, distress, hurt, infirmity, inflict, misery, pain, smart, soreness, sufferance, wrench). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | страдащ, страдание (affliction, disease, hardship, infliction, malady, misery, pain, sufferance), мъка (ado, affliction, agony, desolation, excruciation, grief, heartache, laceration, misery, moil, pain, toil, torment, torture), болка (ache, affliction, ailment, dolor, dolour, hurt, pain, smart, wound). (various references) | |
Chinese | 痛苦 (pain, painful). (various references) | |
Czech | utrpení (affliction, calvary, distress, hardship), trápení (care, harassment, misery, plague, torment, torture, trouble, vexation, worry), muka (agony, anguish, calvary, torture), útrapy (anguish, distress). (various references) | |
Danish | ramt af psykisk og fysisk udygtighed (suffering from mental or physical disablement), psykisk ramt person (people suffering psychological damage), kronisk syg person (chronic case, patient affected by a chronic disease, patient suffering from a chronic disease), arbejder ramt af invaliditet (worker suffering from an illness). (various references) | |
Dutch | orgaangehandicapte (people suffering from serious organic disorders), mensen die onder psychologische trauma's lijden (people suffering psychological damage), invalide werknemer (worker suffering from an illness), industrietak met overcapaciteit (industry suffering from overcapacity), getroffen door een geestelijke of lichamelijke arbeidsongeschiktheid (suffering from mental or physical disablement), dierenleed (animal suffering). (various references) | |
Finnish | kärsivä (afflicted), kärsimys (affliction). (various references) | |
French | souffrance (sufferance). (various references) | |
German | leidend (ailing, idiopathic, languishingly, plaintive, stricken, sufferingly), leiden (abide, affliction, ailment, bear, complaint, distress, endure, illness, Leyden, malady, permit, put up with, sorrow, stand, suffer, to suffer, tolerate, tribulation, trouble, woes). (various references) | |
Greek | βάσανα (moil, troubles, worries), πάθη, που πάσχει, ταλαιπωρία (discomfort, hardship, tribulation, trouble), δεινά. (various references) | |
Hebrew | תלאה (hardship, trouble, weariness), פורענות (calamity, evil event, tribulation, trouble), ענוי (torture), חולי (ailment, disease, illness, malady, sickness), כאב (ache, grief, hurt, malady, pain, soreness, torment, torture, wrench), התענות (fasting), טיט היון (clinging mud), סובל (enduring), סגוף (afflicted, affliction, mortification, torture), נענה (depressed, humbled). (various references) | |
Hungarian | tűrő (endurer), szenvedés (affliction, cross, excruciation, misery, pain, pathos, smart, tribulation), szenvedő (endurer), fájdalom (ache, angina, angina pectoris, distress, dolor, dolour, ease from pain, gip, gippo, gout, grief, pain, pang, soreness, throe, throes), fájó (aching, ailing, sore). (various references) | |
Indonesian | sengsara (be miserable, misery, suffer), penderitaan (affiction, bout, infliction), kesengsaraan (adversity, agony, distress, misery), derita (affiction, anguish, pain). (various references) | |
Italian | soffrire (bear, endure, smart, suffer, sustain, undergo, woes), sofferenza (misery, pain, trial), sofferente (sick), tribolazione (tribulation), travaglio (anguish, distress, labor, labour, pain, trouble), privazione (bereavement, deprival, deprivation, divestiture, hardship, loss, privation), pena (ache, achiness, anguish, distress, dolor, dolour, grief, pain, penalty, punishment, scourge, sorrow, trouble), lacerazione (laceration, tearing, torment). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 苦悩 (affliction, agony, anguish, distress, trouble). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | くのう (affliction, agony, anguish, distress, trouble), しっく (affliction, driving a horse fast, riding fast), くるしみ (anguish, distress, hardship, pain), びょうなん, りさい (affliction), じゅなん (agony, passion). (various references) | |
Korean | 질고. (various references) | |
Manx | foddey-hurransagh (long suffering). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ufferingsay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sofrimento (ache, affliction, agony, endurance, gall, hardship, hurt, ill feeling, infliction, pain, passion, soreness, sorrow, sufferance, teen, teener, torment, trial, tribulation, trouble), sofredor (enduring, sufferer), que sofre, pena (crowquill, egret, feather, grief, mercy, nib, pain, pen, penalty, penholder, pity, plume, punishment, rue, ruth, sanction, sentence, stretch, sympathy, trouble), padecente, dor (ache, affliction, ailment, anguish, bale, dolor, dolour, grief, ill feeling, pain, sore, soreness, sorrow, sufferance, teen, teener, trouble), ato de sofrer. (various references) | |
Romanian | supãrare (affliction, anger, annoyance, bitterness, burden, care, chafe, cloud, cross, damage, Dander, fury, grief, harm, irritation, mood, moroseness, mumps, pain, peevishness, pet, pettishness, pique, rage, Ruth, sadness, sorrow, spite, spunk, sulk, trouble, vexation), suferind (ailing, unwell), suferinţã (ache, agony, cross, distress, endurance, hardship, heart ache, infliction, misery, pain, smart, trouble), trudã (drudgery, elbow grease, grub, labor, labour, moil, sufferings, sweat, tiredness, toil, trouble, work), pãtimire, necaz (annoyance, bother, cankerworm, care, cross, difficulty, distress, evil, furnace, gall, grief, grudge, handful, infliction, mess, mischief, need, pain, resentment, Ruth, sorrow, spite, trouble, upset, vexation, worriment), durere (ache, bale, burden, complaint, dolour, grief, hurt, mourning, pain, pinch, Ruth, sorrow, torture, trouble, woe), bolnav (afflicted, ailing, bad, below the mark, deranged, diseased, ill, invalid, negativist, off the hinges, painful, patient, shaky, sick, unwell), amar (bitter, bitterly, bitterness, dreadful, gall, poignant, rude, salt, severe, sore, sour), încercare (attempt, crack, effort, endeavor, endeavour, essay, experiment, go, hardship, proof, shy, tempting, tentative, test, trial, try, visitation, whack). (various references) | |
Russian | страдающий, страдать страдание, страдание (affection, agony, ailment, heartache, illness, infliction, misery, pain, tribulation). (various references) | |
Scottish | fulangas (endurance), fulang (forbearance, patience). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | stradanje (tribulation), patnja (agony, misery, pain, torment, travail), koji trpi, koji pati. (various references) | |
Spanish | sufrimiento (ache, affliction, clemency, endurance, indulgence, leniency, martyrdom, misery, pain), que sufre, padecimiento (ailing, ailment), enfermo (ailing, diseased, ill, inmate, invalid, laid up, sick, sickly, sufferer, tacky, troubled, unfit, unhealthy, unsound, unwell, weak), dolor (ache, aching, agony, anguish, distress, dolor, dolour, grief, infliction, pain, smart, soreness, sorrow, trouble), doliente (diseased, ill, mourner, sick, sick person, sufferer), dolencia (disease, illness, infirmity, suffer, woes). (various references) | |
Swedish | lidande (affliction, endurance, infliction, woe). (various references) | |
Thai | การได้รับความทุกข์ทรมาน, ความเจ็บปวด. (various references) | |
Turkish | kıvranma (agony, squirm, wriggling), elem (dolor, dolour, pain), dertli (afflicted, afflicted with, aggrieved, distressed, grief-stricken, heartbroken, plaintive, rueful, tearful, under a cloud, woebegone, woeful), dert (affliction, bore, bother, botheration, complaint, cross, distress, dolor, dolour, evil, fear, grief, grievance, headache, heartache, ill, mopes, nuisance, pain, pip, plague, pother, rock, scourge, solicitudes, sorrow, throe, trial, tribulation, trouble, woe, worry), cefa (calvary, cruelty, hardship, long-suffering, rigor, rigour, torment), acı çeken, acı (ache, acidulous, acrid, affliction, anguish, biting, bitter, brackish, cutting, distress, gnawing, grief, grievous, harsh, heartbreak, hot, hurt, incisive, lamentable, misery, nippy, pain, painful, pang, peppery, poignant, pungent, sad, sardonic, scathing, severe, shrill, sorrow, sorrowful, splitting, sting, tragic, trenchant, vitriolic, worry), çile (hank, hasp, ordeal, skein, trial, tribulation), çeken (pulling, subject, subject to), ızdırap çeken, ızdırap (affliction, agony, anguish, distress, hurt, misery, pain, sting, torture). (various references) | |
Turkmen | pis (bad), hupbat (pain), horluk (pain, torment), helдkзilik (catastrophe, torment), gцrgi (torture). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | стражденний, страждання (affliction, agony, bale, crucifixion, gyp, heartache, infliction, misery, pain, pathos, sufferance, torment, travail, tribulation). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự đau khổ (torment), sự đau đớn (agony, ailment, bitterness, pain, pang, smart, soreness), đau khổ (broken-hearted, distressful, forlorn, heart-broken, pained), đau đớn (heavy, pained, painful). (various references) | |
Welsh | dioddefaint (passion), dioddef (bear, suffer, wait). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | pathos. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | adflictio, adflictione, adflictionem, adflictionemque, adflictiones, adflictionibus, adflictionis, aerumnosus, dolor, labor, labore, laborem, labores, laboribus, laboris, laborum, passibilis, passione, passionem, passiones, passioni, passionibus, passionum, patientia, patientiae, patientiam, persecutio, persecutione, persecutionem, persecutiones, persecutionibus, supplicia, suppliciis, supplicium. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 27, Verse 7 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | En ikanaiV de hmeraiV braduploounteV kai moliV genomenoi kata thn knidon mh prosewntoV hmaV tou anemou upepleusamen thn krhthn kata salmwnhn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et cum multis diebus tarde navigaremus et vix devenissemus contra Cnidum prohibente nos vento adnavigavimus Cretae secundum Salmonem |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And whanne in many daies we seilden slowli, and vnnethe camen ayens Guydum, for the winde lettide vs, we seiliden to Crete, bisidis Salomona. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And when we had sayled slowly many dayes and scace were come over agaynst Gnydon (because the wynde with stode vs) we sayled harde by the costes of Candy over agaynste Salmo |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And when we had sailed slowly many days, and scarce were come over against Cnidus, the wind not suffering us, we sailed under Crete, over against Salmone; |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And when we had sailed slowly many days, and scarce had come over against Cnidus, the wind not suffering us, we sailed under Crete, over against Salmone: |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And when we had gone on slowly for a long time, and had had hard work getting across to Cnidus, for the wind was against us, we went under cover of Crete, in the direction of Salmone; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Acts Chapter 27, Verse 7 |
| Albanian | Duke lundruar ngadalë për shumë ditë, arritëm me vështirësi deri përballë Knidit, sepse nuk na linte era; pastaj filluam të lundrojmë të mbrojtur nga Kreta nga ana e Salmonit. |
| Cebuano | Ug sulod sa daghang mga adlaw mahinay ang among paglawig, ug nahiabut kami sa atbang sa Gnido uban sa kalisud; ug kay ang hangin wala man motugot kanamo sa pagpadayon sa unahan, milawig kami salipod sa Creta atbang sa Salmon. |
| Croatian | Više smo dana plovili sporo i jedva doprli do Knida. Kako nam vjetar ne dade pristati, doplovismo pod Kretu kod Salmone |
| Dutch | En als wij vele dagen langzaam voortvoeren, en nauwelijks tegenover Knidus gekomen waren, overmits het ons de wind niet toeliet, zo voeren wij onder Kreta heen, tegenover Salmone. |
| Finnish | Ja monta päivää me purjehdimme hitaasti ja pääsimme vaivoin Knidon kohdalle. Ja kun tuulelta emme päässeet sinne, purjehdimme Salmonen nenitse Kreetan suojaan. |
| Haitian Creole | Pandan plizyè jou nou vwayaje ti pa ti pa. Se pa ti traka anvan nou te ka rive devan lavil Nid. Van an pa t' ban nou chans pou n' al pi lwen nan k'ap sa a. Nou te blije desann, pase devan k'ap Salmone, vire anba lil Krèt. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Beberapa hari lamanya kami berlayar lambat sekali, dan dengan susah payah akhirnya kami sampai sejauh kota Knidus. Kemudian karena angin masih juga buruk, kami tidak dapat meneruskan pelayaran ke jurusan semula. Maka kami berlayar ke selatan pulau Kreta melewati Tanjung Salmone supaya di sana kami terlindung dari angin. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka beberapa hari lamanya kami berlayar perlahan-lahan, dan dengan kesukarannya kami menghampiri Kenidus, dan sedang angin menahan kami, maka berlayarlah kami menyusur pulau Kerete melalui Salmone, |
| Italian | Navigammo lentamente parecchi giorni, giungendo a fatica all'altezza di Cnido. Poi, siccome il vento non ci permetteva di approdare, prendemmo a navigare al riparo di Creta, dalle parti di Salmone, |
| Latvian | Daudzas dienas lçni braukdami, mçs tikko nonâcâm iepretim Knidai, tâpçc ka vçjð mums traucçja, un braucâm gar Krçtu netâlu no Salmones. |
| Maori | A, ka po maha i puhoi ai te rere, ka whiti whakauaua ki te ritenga atu o Hiniru, a, te tukua matou e te hau, ka miri haere matou i te taha o Kariti i te ritenga atu o Haramone; |
| Norwegian | I mange dager gikk det nu smått med seilingen, og vi vant med nød og neppe frem imot Knidus; da vinden var imot, holdt vi ned under Kreta ved Salmone, |
| Portuguese | Navegando vagarosamente por muitos dias, e havendo chegado com dificuldade defronte de Cnido, não nos permitindo o vento ir mais adiante, navegamos a sotavento de Creta, à altura de Salmone; |
| Rumanian | Timp de mai multe zile, am mers kncet cu corabia, wi nu fqrq greutate am atins knqlyimea Cnid, unde nu ne -a lqsat vkntul sq ne oprim. Am trecut pe la capqtul Cretei, alqturi de Salmona. |
| Russian | нЕДМЕООП РМБЧБС НОПЗЙЕ ДОЙ Й ЕДЧБ РПТПЧОСЧЫЙУШ У лОЙДПН, РП РТЙЮЙОЕ ОЕВМБЗПРТЙСФОПЗП ОБН ЧЕФТБ, НЩ РПДРМЩМЙ Л лТЙФХ РТЙ уБМНПОЕ. |
| Shuar | Tura Untsurí tsawant Yáitmataik we-wémiaji tura ti Wiántkar Nítiunam jeastatuk ajasmiaji. Tura nuisha nase tuke tukumkarta asamtai Sarmun nunkanam ayamchik nankaamakir, Kritia nunkanam áawinini ayamchik wémiaji. |
| Swahili | Kwa muda wa siku nyingi tulisafiri polepole, na kwa shida tulifika karibu na Nido. Kwa sababu upepo ulikuwa bado unatupinga, tuliendelea mbele moja kwa moja tukapitia upande wa Krete karibu na rasi Salmone ambapo upepo haukuwa mwingi. |
| Swedish | Under en längre tid gick nu seglingen långsamt, och vi kommo med knapp nöd inemot Knidus. Och då vinden icke var oss gynnsam, seglade vi in under Kreta vid Salmone. |
| Uma | Rala ba hangkuja eo, pie' lia pomako' kapal. Ncaruku' rata-kai hi ngata Knidus. Ngkai ree, apa' uma oa' lompe' pewui ngolu', uma kipokaliliu pomako' -kai ntuku' to ratoa' lomo' -na. Toe pai' kapal-kai ntara hi Tanjung Salmone pai' mewiwi' hi lewuto' Kreta, bona uma-kai narumpa' rahi ngolu'. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "suffering": sufferings. (additional references) | |
| |
"Suffering" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Solferino, sufferring. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "suffering" (pronounced su"fering or su"fring) |
| 4 | -f er i ng | deciphering, differing, offering, pilfering, proffering, reoffering. |
| 3 | -er i ng | answering, administering, altering, anchoring, angering, auguring, backfiring, badgering, bantering, bartering, battering, belaboring, beleaguering, bettering, bewildering, bickering, blistering, blundering, blustering, bolstering, bordering, bothering, brokering, butchering, capturing, catering, censoring, centering, chartering, chattering, clamoring, clobbering, clustering, cluttering, coloring, configuring, conjuring, conquering, considering, cornering, countering, covering, cowering, culturing, delivering, desiring, devouring, diapering, dickering, discovering, disfavoring, disfiguring, dismembering, dithering, doctoring, doddering, embroidering, empowering, encountering, endangering, endeavoring, entering, factoring, faltering, fathering, favoring, feathering, featuring, festering, figuring, filibustering, filtering, fingering, flattering, flavoring, flickering, floundering, flowering, fluttering, fostering, foundering, fracturing, frittering, furthering, garnering, gathering, gerrymandering, gesturing, glimmering, glittering, glowering, grandfathering, guttering, hammering, hampering, hankering, harboring, hectoring, hindering, hollering, honoring, hovering, hungering, hunkering, injuring, inquiring, laboring, laundering, lawyering, layering, lecturing, lettering, levering, lingering, littering, loitering, lowering, lumbering, majoring, maneuvering, manufacturing, massacring, mastering, maundering, meandering, measuring, mentoring, metering, minoring, mirroring, mitering, mongering, monitoring, mothering, motoring, murdering, murmuring, mustering, muttering, nattering, neighboring, neutering, nonmanufacturing, numbering, nurturing, ordering, outnumbering, pampering, pandering, papering, partnering, peppering, perjuring, pestering, petering, philandering, picturing, plastering, plundering, pondering, posturing, powdering, powering, pressuring, prospering, puncturing, puttering, quivering, recapturing, reconsidering, recovering, rediscovering, reentering, registering, rejiggering, remembering, rendering, reordering, requiring, restructuring, rewiring, rupturing, savoring, scampering, scattering, scouring, sculpturing, sequestering, severing, shattering, sheltering, shimmering, shivering, shouldering, showering, shuddering, shuttering, simmering, slaughtering, slithering, slobbering, slumbering, smattering, smoldering, smothering, snickering, sobering, soldering, soldiering, souring, spattering, spiering, splintering, sponsoring, sputtering, squandering, staggering, structuring, stuttering, surrendering, swaggering, sweltering, tailoring, tampering, tapering, teetering, tempering, tendering, thundering, tinkering, torturing, tottering, towering, transpiring, triggering, tutoring, uncovering, unflattering, unwavering, ushering, uttering, venturing, wagering, wallpapering, wandering, warmongering, watering, wavering, weathering, whimpering, whispering, withering, wondering, Wuthering, zippering. |
| 3 | -r i ng | appearing, acquiring, adhering, admiring, adoring, airing, alluring, aspiring, assuring, baring, barring, bearing, bioengineering, blaring, boring, caring, chairing, charring, cheering, childbearing, clearing, comparing, conspiring, curing, daring, declaring, deploring, despairing, disappearing, domineering, during, earring, electioneering, endearing, enduring, engineering, ensuring, expiring, exploring, fearing, firing, flaring, flooring, gearing, glaring, Goring, haring, hearing, herring, hiring, ignoring, impairing, imploring, inspiring, insuring, interfering, jarring, jeering, luring, marring, maturing, ministering, mooring, nearing, obscuring, outpouring, overbearing, overhearing, overpowering, pairing, paring, peering, perspiring, pioneering, poring, pouring, premiering, preparing, procuring, profiteering, quiring, racketeering, rearing, reassuring, reengineering, rehearing, rehiring, repairing, restoring, retiring, roaring, scaring, scarring, scoring, searing, securing, sharing, shearing, shoring, smearing, snaring, sneering, snoring, soaring, sparing, sparring, Spearing, squaring, staring, starring, steering, stevedoring, storing, swearing, tarring, tearing, tiring, touring, uncaring, underscoring, uninspiring, unsparing, veering, volunteering, Waring, warring, wearing, wiring. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-f-f-g-i-n-r-s-u" | |
-1 letter: effusing, gunfires, refusing, snuffier. | |
-2 letters: figures, fingers, fringes, griffes, gunfire, infuser, niffers, reffing, reusing, ruffing, sniffer, snuffer, surfing. | |
-3 letters: feigns, feuing, fifers, figure, finger, fringe, furies, fusing, genius, griefs, griffe, griffs, gruffs, infers, infuse, insure, inures, niffer, regius, reigns, renigs, resign, ruffes, rusine, sering, signer, singer, suffer, unrigs, urines, ursine. | |
-4 letters: feign, ferns, fiefs. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-f-f-g-i-n-r-s-u" | |
+1 letter: restuffing, sufferings. | |
+2 letters: reshuffling. | |
+3 letters: overstuffing. | |
+4 letters: frightfulness, understaffing. | |
+5 letters: interdiffusing, understaffings. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Expressions 18. Expressions: Internet 19. Translations: Modern 20. Translations: Ancient | 21. Bible Trace 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
