Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Stack |
StackNoun1. An orderly pile. 2. (often followed by `of') a large number or amount or extent: "a batch of letters"; "a deal of trouble"; "a lot of money"; "he made a mint on the stock market"; "it must have cost plenty". 3. A list in which the next item to be removed is the item most recently stored (LIFO). 4. A large tall chimney through which combustion gases and smoke can be evacuated. 5. A storage device that handles data so that the next item to be retrieved is the item most recently stored (LIFO). Verb1. Load or cover with stacks; "stack a truck with boxes". 2. To arrange in a stack or pile; "stagger the chairs in the lecture hall". 3. Arrange in stacks; "heap firewood around the fireplace"; "stack your books up on the shelves". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "stack" was first used: sometime around 1300. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Stack n. The set of things a person has to do in the future. One speaks of the next project to be attacked as having risen to the top of the stack. "I'm afraid I've got real work to do, so this'll have to be pushed way down on my stack." "I haven't done it yet because every time I pop my stack something new gets pushed." If you are interrupted several times in the middle of a conversation, "My stack overflowed" means "I forget what we were talking about." The implication is that more items were pushed onto the stack than could be remembered, so the least recent items were lost. The usual physical example of a stack is to be found in a cafeteria: a pile of plates or trays sitting on a spring in a well, so that when you put one on the top they all sink down, and when you take one off the top the rest spring up a bit. See also push and pop. At MIT, PDL used to be a more common synonym for stack in all these contexts, and this may still be true. Everywhere else stack seems to be the preferred term. Knuth ("The Art of Computer Programming", second edition, vol. 1, p. 236) says: Many people who realized the importance of stacks and queues independently have given other names to these structures: stacks have been called push-down lists, reversion storages, cellars, nesting stores, piles, last-in-first-out ("LIFO") lists, and even yo-yo lists!. Source: Jargon File. |
Energy | A smokestack or flue for exhausting the products of combustion from a combustion appliance. (references) |
Environment | A chimney, smokestack, or vertical pipe that discharges used air. (references) |
| The products of combustion leave the furnace through vents and pass through flues to the stack. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Food & Agriculture | A metal trunk through which the combustion gases are led from the uptakes to the open air. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A unit stack of timber or fuelwood of 108 stacked ft3(3. 0 stacked m3). Source: European Union. (references) | |
Industry | A calender placed at the end of a paper or board machine, having a number of smooth steel rolls lying stacked one upon the other, only one of which is driven. Source: European Union. (references) |
Math | An algorithm where the relative order upon input of items with equal keys is always preserved in the output. Usually a sort algorithm. (references) |
Mechanical Engineering | To put up packages one on top of the other. Source: European Union. (references) |
Metallurgy | The truncated upper part of the blast furnace, widening from the throat at the top to the lintel at the bottom. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. To stand and rack drill rods in a drill tripod or derrick b. Chock; a chock built of old timber c. A shaft furnace. d. Any structrue or part thereof that contains a flue or flues for thedischarge of gases. See also:inwall. (references) |
Nuclear Energy & Physics | Each pressure tube contains. . . stacked fuel assemblies. Source: European Union. (references) |
Physics | Essais nucléaires; radioactivité. Source: European Union. (references) |
Publishing & Graphic Arts | A part of a library that is designed and equipped primarily for storage of stock; especially one that is separate from e. g. reading rooms, and to which acces by library users is restricted. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Disambiguation:Definitions modified from Collin's English Dictionary, ISBN 0004330781.
- Stack (geology): Coastal landform - A large vertical column of rock in the sea.
- Stack (computing): Data structure - An area in a computer's memory.
- An ordered pile or heap.
- A large pile of hay or straw (hay stack).
- Libraries: Compactly spaced bookshelves used to house large collections of books.
- Aircraft circling an airport while awaiting landing authorisation.
- A large amount of an object.
- A measure of coal or wood equal to 108 cubic feet.
- A pile of rifles or muskets in a cone shape.
- Chimney stack, Smoke stack.
- A vertical pipe, such as the funnel on a ship.
- To fill or load with a pile of objects.
- To secretly prearrange the order of a pack of cards to benefit a player in a card game.
- In category theory, see stack (category theory)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Stack."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A stack is a data structure that works on the principle of Last In First Out (LIFO). This means that the last item put on the stack is the first item that can be taken off, like a physical stack of plates. A stack-based computer system is one that is based on the use of stacks, rather than being register based.
The two main operations applicable to a stack are:
Some environments that rely heavily on stacks may provide additional operations, for example:
- push: an item is put on top of the stack, increasing the stack size by one. As stack size is usually limited, this may provoke a stack overflow if the maximum size is exceeded.
- pop: the top item is taken from the stack, decreasing stack size by one. In the case where there was no top item (i.e. the stack was empty), a stack underflow occurs.
Stacks are either visualised growing from the bottom up (like real-world stacks) or growing from left to right, so that "topmost" becomes "rightmost". This means that a right rotate will move the first element to the third position, the second to the first and the third to the second. Here are two equivalent visualisations of this process:
- dup: the top item is popped and pushed again twice, so that an additional copy of the former top item is now on top, with the original below it.
- swap or exchange: the two topmost items are exchanged.
- rotate: the three topmost items exchange places in a rotary fashion. Two variants of this operation are possible, most often called left and right rotate.
apple banana bananaA stack may be represented in computers inside block of memory cells, with the bottom at a fixed location, and a variable stack pointer to the current top cell. pushing first increases the top pointer by one, pointing it to the next cell, and then fills that with the new top value. poping first takes the top value, and then decreases the top pointer by one. Increasing and decreasing may be exchanged to yield a stack representation that grows from high addresses to lower ones.right rotate
> cucumber cucumber applecucumber banana apple
right rotate
> apple cucumber banana
Many CPUs have registers that can be used as stack pointers. Some, like the x86, have special instructions that implicitly use a register dedicated the job of being a stack pointer. Others, like the PDP-11 and the 68000 family have addressing modes that make it possible to use any of a set of registers as a stack pointer. The 80x87 series of numeric coprocessors has a set of registers that can be accessed either as a stack, or as a series of numbered registers. Some microcontrollers, like the PIC and AVR, have a fixed-depth stack that is not directly accessible.
There are also a few processors which implement a stack directly in hardware. Examples include the MuP21 processor from Computer Cowboys, and the Harris RTX line.
External link
In application programs written in a high level language, a stack can be implemented efficiently using either arrays or linked lists.
Applications
Calculators employing reverse polish notation use a stack structure to hold values.
A number of computer languages are stack-oriented, meaning they define most basic operations (adding two numbers, printing a character) as taking their arguments from the stack, and placing any return values back on the stack. For example, PostScript has a return stack and an operand stack, and also has a graphics state stack and a dictionary stack.
The Forth programming language uses two stacks, one for argument passing and one for subroutine return addresses. The use of a return stack is extremely commonplace, but the somewhat unusual use of an argument stack for a human-readable programming language is the reason Forth is referred to as a stack-based language.
Many virtual machines are also stack-oriented: p-Code machine, Java virtual machine.
Almost all computer environments use a stack to hold information about procedure/function nesting.
External link
- StackAnalyzer
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Stack (computing)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A stack is a geological landform. Stacks are steep, often vertical, sided columns of rock in the sea, near coasts. Stacks are formed when part of a headland is eroded leaving a small island. These also form when a natural arch collapses due to sub-aerial processes and gravity. A stack may collapse or be eroded leaving a stump. Stacks form most commonly on chalk cliffs, because of the medium resistance to erosion. Cliffs with weaker rock, such as clay tend to slump and erode too quickly to form stacks, while harder rocks, such as granite erode in different ways.
Stack, near Old Harry Rocks.
Old Harry Rocks
Examples
- Old Harry Rocks, Dorset, England.
- The Needles, Isle of Wight, England.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Stack (geology)."
Synonyms: StackSynonyms: batch (n), deal (n), flock (n), good deal (n), great deal (n), hatful (n), heap (n), lot (n), mass (n), mess (n), mickle (n), mint (n), muckle (n), peck (n), plenty (n), pot (n), push-down list (n), push-down stack (n), push-down storage (n), push-down store (n), quite a little (n), raft (n), sight (n), slew (n), smokestack (n), spate (n), tidy sum (n), wad (n), whole lot (n), whole slew (n), distribute (v), pile (v), stagger (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Assemblage | Group, cluster, Pleiades, clump, pencil; set, batch, lot, pack; budget, assortment, bunch; parcel; packet, package; bundle, fascine, fasces, bale; seron, seroon; fagot, wisp, truss, tuft; shock, rick, fardel, stack, sheaf, fascicle, fascicule, fasciculus, gavel, hattock, stook. |
Deception | Cog, cog the dice, load the dice, stack the deck; live by one's wits, play at hide and seek; obtain money under false pretenses; (steal); conjure, juggle, practice chicanery; deacon. |
Inactivity | Sleep, slumber, be asleep; hibernate; oversleep; sleep like a top, sleep like a log, sleep like a dormouse; sleep soundly, heavily; doze, drowze, snooze, nap; take a nap; Noun: dream; snore one's best; settle to sleep, go to sleep, go off to sleep; doze off, drop off; fall asleep; drop asleep; close the eyes, seal up the eyes, seal up eyelids; weigh down the eyelids; get sleep, nod, yawn; go to bed, turn; get some z's, stack z's. |
Store | Store, accumulation, hoard, rick, stack; lumber; relay; (provision). |
Deposit; stow, stack, load; harvest; heap, collect; lay in store; | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Stack |
| English words defined with "stack": blow up ♦ Capsheaf, cord ♦ distribute ♦ even up ♦ Hay knife, hayrick, haystack ♦ jog ♦ paperweight ♦ rick ♦ square up, stacked, stacker, Stack-guard, Stacking, Stackstand, stagger ♦ throw a fit, To top off ♦ Unstack ♦ woodpile. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "stack": bounded stack ♦ protocol stack ♦ Stack Car, Stack Environment Control Dump machine, stack frame, stack loader, stack overflow, stack pointer, stack puke, stack traceback ♦ unwind the stack. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Stack" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. French (stack), Swedish (ant hill, heap, pile, rick, stack, stung). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | You're right, no human being would stack books like this (Ghostbusters; writing credit: Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis.) I say we stack ourselves up, push the intercom and pretend we're delivering a pizza (Toy Story 2; writing credit: John Lasseter; Peter Docter) It's like finding a needle in a stack of needles (Saving Private Ryan; writing credit: Robert Rodat) | |
Lyrics | Everybody's got a stack and it ain't no crack (Fantastic Voyage; performing artist: Coolio) Better stack cheddar. (What's Your Flava?; performing artist: Craig David) That love to watch the dough stack (That's What I'm Looking For; performing artist: Da Brat) And if he aint got the dough stack (Jumpin', Jumpin' (So So Def Remix); performing artist: Destiny's Child) Every stack that a draws out a little thicker (Can't Deny It; performing artist: Fabolous) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
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Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is a stack of covered, prepared wells in a laboratory setting. They are being held by rubber-gloved hands. Cells that make monoclonal antibodies are sorted and grown in wells. These are trays of such wells prepared for research. Credit: Linda Bartlett (photographer). |  | John Stack. Credit: NASA. |
 | Overhead View of Atlantis Stack Rollout. Credit: NASA. |  | Sea stack on the north side of Haystack Rock at Cannon Beach. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Interior of Clean Air Facility with air sampling stack in the center. Credit: Paths Less Taken - NOAA at the Ends of the Earth. |  | Emblem of Fish and Wildlife Service on stack of GEORGE B. KELEZ. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
 | A stack of 122mm rockets lay in the Pit, March 11 and 12, 1991, near Khamisiyah, Iraq after being demolished. (Photo courtesy of the 307th Engineer Battalion, U.S. Army). |  | In the 1940's, along came a USDA plant breeder who set out to bring us a better watermelon. The result was "that gray melon from Charleston," formally called the Charleston Gray. Its oblong shape and hard rind made it easy to stack and ship. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer.. |
 | Medium shot of smoke stack at Shirk Ranch. Credit: John Craig. |  | [Second tier stack area]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Stack of Newspapers" by Marie@envile.net Commentary: "A stack of newspapers outside an apartment building. ." | "Stack of bowls" by Stella Reese Commentary: "Stack of four pink bowls." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Ma stared after her, and then she dropped to her knees again beside the stack of tin dishes |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Instead, they stack up and cause blockages that deprive the organs and tissue of oxygen-carrying blood. (references) | |
Coating the surface of the cerebrum and the cerebellum is a vital layer of tissue the thickness of a stack of two or three dimes. (references) | ||
Business | The standards are based on measurements of 33 priority pollutants and smoke stack height. (references) | |
IEAT follows the DIW's and PCDs’ standards for stack emissions and ambient air quality, and since January 1999, it has also issued its own standard for the loading emission level per unit area for all industrial estates under its authority. (references) | ||
Economic History | India | The key needs within this sub-sector include; pollution control equipment like filters and precipitators; energy efficient boilers and furnaces; ambient air and stack air quality monitoring equipment; process control and instrumentation for industries; industrial hygiene and safety monitoring equipment like respirable dust monitoring systems and personal samplers; vehicular emission control products like catalytic converters, CNG kits, alternative fuels; and consulting services. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Rush Limbaugh | As I went through the Stack of Stuff, the amount of introspection going on amongst liberal members of the media and the Democratic Party is amazing. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Stack" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 80.90% of the time. "Stack" is used about 643 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 80.9% | 520 | 11,705 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 8.07% | 52 | 47,145 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 5.9% | 38 | 55,818 |
| Noun (proper) | 4.81% | 31 | 62,296 |
| Unclassified Items | 0.16% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Noun (common) | 0.16% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 643 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "stack" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Stack | Last name | 4,000 | 3,474 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "stack": blow one's stack ♦ blowout preventer stack ♦ chimney stack ♦ cooling stack ♦ double stack wagon ♦ Harry Stack Sullivan ♦ hay stack ♦ holding stack ♦ machine stack ♦ protocol stack ♦ smash the stack ♦ smoke stack ♦ soil stack ♦ stack away ♦ stack Environment Control Dump machine ♦ stack frame ♦ stack loader ♦ stack of ♦ stack of arms ♦ stack of hay ♦ stack overflow ♦ stack pointer ♦ stack puke ♦ stack the cards ♦ stack the cards against smb. ♦ stack traceback ♦ stack up ♦ stack yard ♦ stack z's ♦ straw stack ♦ To stack arms ♦ to stack the deck ♦ unwind the stack. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "stack": Stack-guard, stack-heeled, stack-oriented, stack-pipes, stack-systems, stack-yard. | |
Ending with "stack": chimney-stack, multi-stack, single-stack, three-stack. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
robert stack | 238 | cui stack | 17 |
stack | 223 | stack on safe | 17 |
eca stack | 163 | stack on product | 14 |
stack chair | 149 | stack ring | 14 |
animal stack | 79 | stack on tool box | 14 |
tcp ip stack | 50 | irp location more no stack | 13 |
stack on shelf | 44 | book stack | 13 |
speed stack | 41 | paper stack | 13 |
stack washer dryer | 38 | fiorellas jack stack | 13 |
jack stack | 34 | stack testing | 13 |
stack overflow | 34 | chair stack viking | 12 |
harry stack sullivan | 31 | stack whack | 12 |
error inpage kernel stack | 29 | andro stack 850 | 12 |
andro stack | 23 | pot stack | 12 |
jack stack barbecue | 23 | stack on gun cabinet | 12 |
velocity stack | 22 | stack rack | 11 |
smoke stack | 21 | slash stack | 11 |
craft stack star | 20 | deck stack | 11 |
weider pro power stack | 19 | plastic stack chair | 10 |
stack on gun safe | 17 | dump stack | 10 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "stack"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | stapel (accumulation, crowd, heap, mass, multitude, pile), klomp (are, bevy, cluster, collection, group, heap, herd, pack, pile, set), akkumuleer (accumulate, heap, pile up). (various references) | |
Albanian | tufë (batch, beam, book, bunch, cloud, clutch, Covey, crop, drove, flight, flock, funiculus, group, herd, mass, muster, parcel, plume, ream, roll, run, scads, slip, swarm, troop, truss, tuft, tussock, wad), trung oxhaku, rafte, qipi, pirg (aggregation, bank, clamp, cumulus, drift, heap, heaps of, huddle, hump, jumble, mountain, pile), mullar (mow, Rick), gyp (canal, channel, chimney, conduit, duct, fistula, funnel, pipe, trumpet, tube, vent), grumbulloj (accumulate, amalgamate, amass, assemble, clamp, collect, compile, conglomerate, cumulate, gather, get together, heap, hoard, mass, pile, pool, rally, unite), grumbull (abatis, aggregation, amassment, bank, batch, bevy, bunch, clamp, clump, cluster, collection, congeries, crowd, group, heap, jumble, mass, mob, mountain, pile, pile up, stamp mill), bëj mullar. (various references) | |
Arabic | حزم (bind, bunch, bundle, decide, determination, dogmatise, firmness, hardness, packing, parcel, resolution, rope, sheaf, sling, strap, truss), ركام من الفيشات, إختار بتحيز, إختار بمحاباة, الحزمة المشبكة, الكدس, جمع (accumulate, add, addition, aggregate, ally, amass, assemblage, assemble, band, be gathered, cast, collect, collecting, collection, combination, combine, compile, compose, congregate, connecting, corral, embody, fund, gather, gathering, glean, go berrying, grouping, herd, ingathering, joining up, lump, marshal, muster, pickup, piece together, pile, pile up, pool, put together, raise, rake, rally, reap, round up, scratch, scratch together, sum, sum up, summation, summing up, tot, total, totalize, unite, uniting), دفتر (copybook, notebook, record, roster, tablet), تكدس (accumulate, jam, overcrowding, overstock, overstocked, pile up, settlement, squash), كومة (bank, heap, mound, pack, pilau, pile, shock), غش بورق اللعب, وضع في الإنتظار, مدخنة (brazier, chimney, funnel, smokestack), مجموعة مداخن, ملأ (cram, crowd, fill, fill in, fill out, stuff, wind), كدس (accumulate, amass, cumulate, get together, heap, heap up, overstock, pile, pile up), كوم (accumulate, amass, bank, heap, heap up, hill up, jam, lumber, pile, pile up, rake, scrape, stick, tamp, tumble), طائرات. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | купчина (batch, clamp, cluster, heap, huddle, mass, pile, ruck, tumble), купа сено (haymow, hayrick, haystack), куп (accumulation, agglomeration, amassment, bunch, bundle, clamp, cluster, congeries, crop, crowd, cumulation, cumulus, heap, hoard, huddle, knot, lashings, lump, mass, mint, mound, mountain, pack, parcel, pile, raft, ruck, scad, shoal, sight, slathers, tumble), комин на локомотив, комин на параход, група комини на покрив на къща, голямо количество (acres, body, bushel, cart load, gob, mass, oodles, quantities, quantity, raft, slathers, swag, volume, volumes, wads), висок фабричен комин (stalk), нареждам на куп, натрупвам (accumulate, agglomerate, amass, bank, congest, cumulate, deck, garner, heap, huddle, lumber, pile, pyramid, shovel up, store), маса (accumulation, aggregation, body, bulk, concretion, crowd, gross, heap, heaps of, herd, lashings, lot, lump, mass, oodles, pack, regiment, ruck, scad, shoal, slathers, swarm, table, volume, volumes), пирамида (pyramid). (various references) | |
Chinese | 堆 (a mass, a pile, heap). (various references) | |
Czech | stoh (mow, pile, Rick), spousta (crowd, heap, heaps of, host, legion, load, lots, pack, Peck, plenty, spate, volume), skládat (compose, take, write), kupa (cumulus, knoll, pile), komín (chimney, smokestack), hromada (dump, heap, host, mound, pile, welter), halda (heap), štos. (various references) | |
Danish | stakliste (pushdown list, push-down list), staklager (again only from the top register, cellar, each word in turn enters the top register and is then pushed down the column from register to register to make room for subsequent words as they arrive.As a word is transferred out of the store, other data in the store move back up the column from register to register to fill the space vacated, pushdown storage, pushdown store, push-down store, with only the register at the top of the column connected to the rest of the system.As data is transferred into the store), stak (beard, card deck, card pack, deck, deck of cards, pack, pushdown storage, pushdown store, rick, set of cards), stack, stabling (packing, pile, piling, stacking, stacking casks), stable (pack, pile, pile up), stabel (deck, log deck, mass, pile, piles, slade, slipway, stack of disks, stockpile), skorsten (chimney, fireplace, hearth, smokestack), maskinglitte (machine stack), magasin (air chamber, card hopper, depot, feed hopper, hopper, magazine, man-made lake, reservoir, shed, staging area, stockroom, storage, storage house, store, storehouse, storeroom, warehouse), hob (cluster, round stock, shock, stook, stool), glasstabel (pile), emulsionsstabel. (various references) | |
Dutch | stapelen (accumulate, amass, heap, pile up), opstapelen (accumulate, amass, heap, pile up), ophopen (accumulate, amass, heap, pile up), opeenhopen (accumulate, amass, heap, pile up), accumuleren (accumulate, heap, pile up). (various references) | |
Esperanto | stako (heap, pile), staki, amasigi (amass, heap, pile up), akumuli (accumulate, heap, pile up). (various references) | |
Faeroese | stakkur (column, heap, pile, pillar), rúgva (are, bevy, cluster, collection, group, heap, herd, pack, pile, set). (various references) | |
Farsi | پشته (Barrow, Embankment, Heap, Hill, Hillock, Mound, Rick), مقدارزیاد (Jorum, Pile), کومه کردن (Pile, Rick), کومه (Congeries, Heap, Pile, Rick), قفسه کتابخانه , توده کردن (Aggregate, Amass, Cumulate, Heap, Hill, Lump, Pack, Pile, Ruck, Shock, Stockpile), توده (Aggregate, Barrow, Bloc, Block, Bulk, Clot, Cob, Congeries, Gross, Heap, Hill, Lump, Mass, Midden, Oodles, Pile, Pyre, Rick, Riffraff, Shock, Volume, Wad), خرمن (Harvest, Shock), انباشتن (Accumulate, Agglomerate, Assemble, Bulk, Cumulate, Garner, Hill, Hoard, Hoarding, Stash, Stow, Stuff), دودکش (Chimney, Funnel, Shaft, Tube, Uptake), دسته (A, Administration, Army, Batch, Covey, Detachment, Hand, Handle, Helm, Hilt, Horde, Host, Ilk, Parcel, Party, School, Sect, Section, Set, Shaft, Sheaf, Shog, Skein, Squad, Stem, Stud, Team, Usurer), بسته (Barred, Bundle, Package, Packet, Parcel, Shog, Shut, Wisp). (various references) | |
Finnish | suovata, suova, savutorvi (chimney), pinkka (bundle, pile), auma (rick), aumata (rick), kasa (accumulation, crowd, heap, lot, mass, multitude, pile), keko (rick), konekalanteri (machine stack), kuhilas (stock), aihiolasipino (stack of disks), piippu (barrel, pipe), varasto (depot, fund, stock, store, storehouse, supply), pino (pile), pinomuisti (again only from the top register, each word in turn enters the top register and is then "pushed down" the column from register to register to make room for subsequent words as they arrive.As a word is transferred out of the store, i.e.last-in-first-out(LIFO);2)a store that works as though it comprised a number of registers arranged in a column, other data in the store move back up the column from register to register to fill the space vacated, pushdown storage, pushdown store, with only the register at the top of the column connected to the rest of the system.As data is transferred into the store), pinota (pile), tapuloida (pile), lasipino (pile). (various references) | |
French | tas (stake), pile (stake), meule (stool), gerber (stack up), entasser, empiler, cheminée (smoke stack, staircase), accumuler. (various references) | |
Frisian | skelf (heap, pile). (various references) | |
German | stapeln (dump, pile, pile up, store), stapel (accumulation, batch, crowd, depot, heap, mass, mound, multitude, pack, pile, staple, stocks), schornstein (chimney, funnel, smokestack), schichten (laminate, layer, layers, strata, stratify, stratums, to laminate, to stratify), paket (bundle, dossier, pack, package, packet, packets, parcel, pile). (various references) | |
Greek | σωρός (pile), θημωνιά (hay cock, hay stack, hayrick, haystack, shock, stook). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מעשנה (chimney, funnel, louver, smokestack), מצובה (pile, pyramid), לערום (accumulate, amass, heap, pile), לצבור (accumulate, amass, collect, gather, heap up, pile up, rake, stash, store), ארובה (chimney, flue, louver, smokestack, window), גדיש (heap, stook of corn), סואר (heap, pile of wood). (various references) | |
Hungarian | kazal, kéménysor, asztag, boglya (Rick), füstcső (flue), gúla (pyramid), halmozás, 108 köbláb, kémény (chimney, chimney-pot, chimney-stack, flue, funnel, smokestack, vent), várakozás repülőtér légterében, kürtő (chimney-stack, duct, flue, slot, tunnel, vent), kipufogócső-kémény, máglya (bale-fire, bonfire, pigsty, pile, stake), magas magányos szikla, rakás (batch, charging, clump, conglomerate, heap, heaps of, lump, pack, parcel, passel, pile, tuck), halom (accumulation, batch, clamp, clump, congeries, conglomerate, cop, dump, heap, hillock, mass, mound, Peck, pile, tump). (various references) | |
Icelandic | safnast saman (accumulate, heap, pile up), safna (accumulate, heap, pile up), hlaðast upp (accumulate, heap, pile up). (various references) | |
Indonesian | tumpukan (agglomeration, bank, heap, mound), tumpuk (heap, pile). (various references) | |
Irish | cruach. (various references) | |
Italian | pila (battery, heap, pier, pile), catasta (pile), ammucchiare (amass, bank, heap, huddle, lump, pile, pile up, shovel), accatastare (bank on, pile). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | スケ番 (bar, energy, free-standing bar, grandstand play, grandstanding, leader of a female gang, road reflector, scoop, scope, scoping, scopophilia, score, scoreboard, scorebook, scorecard, scorer, scoring position, Scotch, Scotch egg, Scotch tape, Scotch terrier, Scotch tweed, Scotch whiskey, Scotland, Scotland Yard, scotophobin, Scott, shovel, Skopolamin, skunk, spade, squall, squawker, stability, stabilizer, staccato, stacking permanent wave, stack-object, stack-pointer, stackware, stadium, stadium jumper, staff, stag film, stag party, stagflation, Stalinism, stamina, stamp, stamp collection, stance, stand, standard, standard number, standards, standby, standby passenger, stand-in, standing start, standing wave, standoff, standpoint, stand-up collar, Stanford, stanza, star, star guide, star king, star player, star sapphire, star system, Star Trek, Star Wars, Star Watching, starch, stardom, stardust, staring lineup, starlet, starlight, Stars and Stripes, start, start dash, start line, starter, starting block, starting member, starting pitcher, static, statistics, statue, Sterling block, Sterling engine, stout, stub, studio, studless tire, study, stuff, stuffed egg, stun, stun gun, stunt car, stunt man, style, style file, stylebook, styling, stylish, stylist, stylus, stymie). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | スタック . (various references) | |
Korean | 더미 (heap, heaps, PILE, Piles, stacks). (various references) | |
Manx | sthack, creagh (furrow), chimlee (smoke stack). (various references) | |
Papiamen | akumulá (accumulate, heap, pile up). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ackstay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | pilha (accumulation, bulk, cell, crowd, heap, mass, multitude, pile, rick, ruck), empilhar (accumulate, amass, bulk, heap, pile up, rick, stack up). (various references) | |
Romanian | stivui (layer, place, Stow), stog (mow, Rick), mãslui (counterfeit, falsify, gerrymander, manipulate), îngråmådi (accumulate, amass, heap, pile up), aşeza (arrange, bed, beset, bestow, build, collocate, dispose, encase, establish, fall, fix, impose, lay, lay down, place, position, put, put down, put on, repose, seat, set, settle, situate, stand, stick, Stow, subside), aşeza în claie, şuvoi (flood, flush, flux, Gill, gush, gushing, jet, outpour, stream, torrent), cãpiţã (haystack, mow, shock), claie (crowd, fleece, hayrick, haystack, heap, Rick, shock, snag), înghesui (accumulate, amass, bay, beat a path, corner, cram, crib, crowd, heap, jam, jostle, nip, pack, pile up, squeeze, stuff), grãmadã (aheap, assemblage, batch, block, bulk, clamp, clump, cluster, cob, collection, congeries, crowd, drift, flock, heap, host, hulk, load, lump, mass, mountain, multitude, ocean, pack, Peck, pile, power, shoal, snag, throng, ton, wilderness of), morman (cob, drift, heap, Hill, mass, mound, pile), mulţime (accumulation, army, array, body, boodle, cloud, cluster, concourse, crowd, dozen, drove, fifty, flock, forest, generality, heap, herd, hive, host, huddle, lashing, manifold, mass, mob, multitude, muster, number, Peck, pile, plenty, populace, press, quantity, rabble, ream, shoal, sight, squash, swarm, throng), noian (abyss, cloud, mountain, ocean), piramidã (pyramid, sheaf), potop (cataclysm, cataract, cloud, debacle, deluge, destruction, flood, flux, freshet, ravage, sea, stream), depozit (bank, deposit, depot, dump, repository, stock, storage, store, store room, storehouse, stores, warehouse). (various references) | |
Russian | стог (mow), стержень колонны (pillar, trunk, verge), скирда (haystack, mow), шахта доменной печи, куча (clamp, congeries, cumulus, heap, jumble, mountain, pile, pileup), копна (haycock), кипа (bale, pack, pile), громоздить, нагромождать (heap, heap up), дымовая труба (chimney-stalk, funnel, smokestack, smoke-stack). (various references) | |
Scottish | cruach (a heap, a pile, build into stacks, pile). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | stog (goaf, mow, rick), složiti puške u piramidu, složiti (agree, arrange, fold, get along, pile, put together, set), skladište (depot, magazine, repository, stock, stockroom, store, storehouse, storeroom, warehouse), puške složene u piramidu, plast (haystack, mow, rick), naslagati (pile, pile up), nameštati karte i staviti u špil, gomila (accumulation, agglomerate, aggregate, batch, concourse, congeries, crowd, flock, heap, huddle, mob, pile, pileup, plump, swarm, throng), glavna odvodna cev, dimnjak (chimney, funnel, smokestack), denuti. (various references) | |
Spanish | apilar (heap, heap up, layers, pile up), almiar (haycock, hayrick, haystack, mow, Rick). (various references) | |
Swedish | stapla (pile up), stack (ant hill, heap, pile, rick, stung), skorsten (chimney, chimney stack, chimneypot, funnel, smokestack), stapel (pile). (various references) | |
Thai | กองที่ซ้อนกัน, กองหญ้า, วางตั้งซ้อนกัน, หิ้วหนังสือในห้องสมุด, ปล่องควัน (flue, funnel). (various references) | |
Turkish | yüklemek (ascribe, burden, charge, embark, encumber, fasten, fasten on, father, foist, freight, hand over, heap, impose, impute, inflict, Lade, lay, lay on, lay smth. at one's door, load, offload, overlay, pin, pitch, plant, put, put down, saddle, shift, store, weight), yığmak (accumulate, agglomerate, amass, bank up, cast up, clump, clutter, clutter up, congest, conglomerate, drift, dump, heap up, Hill, lay up, lump, mass, pack, pile, pile on, pile up, put up, roll up, shake down, stock), yığın (accumulation, agglomerate, agglomeration, aggregation, bank, batch, budget, bulk, bundle, cartload, chunk, clamp, clump, collection, congeries, conglomerate, conglomeration, crowd, drove, flock, force, heap, Hill, huddle, lump, mass, mound, pack, Peck, pile, raft, slew, swarm, tons, volume, wilderness), tüfek çatısı, tınaz (Rick), ortak anten, kitap rafı (book-rack, bookshelf, bookstand), kümelemek (conglomerate, group together, heap together, heap up, mass), küme (aggregate, aggregation, bank, clamp, cloud, clump, cluster, congeries, conglomerate, conglomeration, division, family, group, heap, league, mass, pile, tuft), istif etmek (hoard, pile, put up), istif (hoard, piling, stacking, stowing), egzoz (exhaust, silencer), daireler çizerek uçmak (wheel about, wheel around), baca (chimney, chimney stack, flue, funnel, pipe, shaft, smokestack), çatmak (attack, be up against, fall foul of, jump at, jump on, knit, lash into, run against, slap, walk into, wrinkle, wrinkle up). (various references) | |
Turkmen | kьdelemek, kьde. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | стіг, стелаж (bench, rack, shelving), складати у стіг, купа (accumulation, bale, barrel, batch, clamp, cluster, congeries, cumulus, deal, heap, huddle, lump, pile, swarm, throng), димова труба (smokestack). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | cây rơm. (various references) | |
Welsh | ysgafn (light), tas (rick), llumon (chimney), helm (helm, helmet), das (rick), curnennu (heap), beisgawn (heap of corn sheaves). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | acervi, acervis, acervo, acervorum, acervos, acervum, acervus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "stack": stackable, stacked, stacker, stackers, stacking, stacks, stackup, stackups. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "stack": haystack, restack, smokestack, unstack. (additional references) | |
Words containing "stack": haystacks, restacked, restacking, restacks, smokestacks, unstacked, unstacking, unstacks. (additional references) | |
| |
"Stack" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: estacy, Gtatcc, Qtac, Satucc, Schack, Schacke, Schrack, spack, stacco, stach, stact, stak, stax, steck, stic, stickh, stik, strack, tsac. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "stack" (pronounced sta"k) |
| 3 | -t a" k | attack, tack. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: tacks. | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-k-s-t" | |
-1 letter: acts, cask, cast, cats, kats, sack, scat, skat, tack, task. | |
-2 letters: act, ask, cat, kas, kat, sac, sat, ska, tas, tsk. | |
-3 letters: as, at, ka, ta. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-k-s-t" | |
+1 letter: casket, stacks, thacks, tracks. | |
+2 letters: anticks, attacks, backset, cakiest, caskets, catkins, jackets, karstic, klatsch, packets, rackets, restack, retacks, sackbut, setback, stacked, stacker, stackup, tackers, tackets, tackles, thwacks, unstack, untacks. | |
+3 letters: amtracks, backcast, backfits, backlist, backmost, backouts, backrest, backseat, backsets, backstab, backstay, backstop, blackest, brackets, casketed, catwalks, comatiks, crankest, cutbacks, cutbanks, fastback, fatbacks, fatstock, hackbuts, hatracks, haystack, hotcakes, jackpots, jackstay, katcinas, klatches, mattocks, oatcakes, outbacks, plackets, restacks, retracks, sackbuts, scatback, setbacks, slackest, slotback, softback, stackers, stacking, stackups, staticky, stickman, stockade, stockcar, stockman, tackiest, tacklers, tackless, teacakes, tiebacks, tombacks, trackers, tripacks, unstacks, wackiest, wetbacks. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Spoken 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Names: Frequency 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Translations: Ancient 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
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