Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Spin |
SpinNoun1. A swift whirling motion (usually of a missile). 2. The act of rotating rapidly; "he gave the crank a spin"; "it broke off after much twisting". 3. Rapid descent of an aircraft in a steep spiral spin. Verb1. Revolve quickly and repeatedly around one's own axis; "The dervishes whirl around and around without getting dizzy". 2. Stream in jets, of liquids: "The creek spun its course through the woods". 3. Cause to spin; "spin a coin". 4. Make up a story, as in "spin a yarn". 5. Form a web by making a thread, as of spiders. 6. Work natural fibers into a thread; "spin silk". 7. Narrate or give a detailed account of; "Tell what happened"; "The father told a story to his child". 8. Prolong or extend; "spin out a visit". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "spin" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Spin vi. Equivalent to buzz. More common among C and Unix programmers. See the discussion of `spinlock' under busy-wait. Source: Jargon File. |
Aerospace | = angular momentum (in atomic and nuclear physics). (references) |
Physics | In atomic and nuclear physics, the angular momentum of elementary particles or of nuclei. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A property of the electron with which it is credited in order to account for its magnetic moment; intrinsic angular momentum of the electron, excluding any orbital motion. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Slang | Noun/adjective. Source: Biker Group. Definition: A very slow ride with little effort. Context: When describing a ride you did, or want to do. Social Source: Road Bike Racers. Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references) |
Transportation | A continuous spiral descent in which the mean angle of attack exceeds the angle of stall. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
See:Sport-relating spinning:
- spin (physics)
- spinning (maybe this should be under a better title, such as spinning (textiles)?)
- Spin City (television program)
- Spin Magazine
- spin (software)
- SPIN (operating system)
- spin (politics)
- spin (flight)
- figure skating spin
- Spinning in the sport of cricket:
- left-arm orthodox spin
- left-arm unorthodox spin
- leg spin
- off spin
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Spin."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In flying, a spin is a special case of stall. In this state, an aircraft is not flying, but falling - the wing is not generating sufficient lift to support the aircraft as with a normal stall, but in addition, in a spin, the aircraft is rotating about its yaw axis.A spin may occur when a stall occurs that affects one wing significantly before the other, which can happen during a turn or other manoeuvre. An aircraft may be deliberately spun for purposes of training, test flying and aerobatics. A spin is usually entered by flying the aircraft into a stall condition by pitching upwards and reducing power. As the stall point is reached, the rudder is used to yaw the aircraft rapidly. The outward wing will keep flying, the inner one will stall and the aircraft will enter a spin. Some aircraft are naturally stable and the controls will need to be held until the spin is fully developed.
A spin in which the aircraft is still essentially the right way up (though falling in a very nose-down attitude) is called a normal or upright spin, one in which it is inverted is called an inverted spin.
Spinning is often feared by pilots, especially novices, and spin recoverey is no longer a compulsory part of the PPL syllabus. However, it makes good sense for every pilot to know how to get out of a spin should it occur. Practice makes this much easier, because the sensation of spinning is generally pretty unpleasant and without familiarity, can seem like total chaos.
Spin recovery
Because a spin is a form of stall - a fact that eluded many pioneer aviators until spin recovery was discovered sometime in the 1910s - the key thing is to get the wings flying again. However, the spin rotation should first be arrested so that both wings can contribute fully to the recovery. The pilot should assess the spin direction and apply opposite rudder until the rotation stops. At this point the control column should be moved forward to reduce the angle of attack. As the aircraft pitches down, the wing will become unstalled and start to generate lift. At this point the aircraft will be in a steep dive and probably going very fast. The pilot must then ease out of the dive taking care not to exceed the g-stress rating of the aircraft. Pulling up too sharply can result in mechanical failure or another stall. Naturally, spin recovery can require a considerable height.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Spin (flight)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Spin is an intrinsic angular momentum associated with quantum mechanical particles. Unlike classical "spinning" objects, which derive their angular momentum from the rotation of their constituent parts, spin angular momentum is not associated with any rotating internal masses. For example, elementary particles, such as the electron, possess spin angular momentum, even though they are point particles. Also, unlike classical mechanical spinning, the spin is not described by a vector, but by a two-component object (for spin-1/2 particles): there is an observable difference in how it transforms under coordinate rotations.
Other subatomic particles, such as neutrons, which have zero electrical charge, also possess spin.
When applied to spatial rotations, the principles of quantum mechanics state that the observed values of angular momentum (which are eigenvalues of the angular momentum operator) are restricted to integer or half-integer multiples of h/2&pi. This applies to spin angular momentum as well. Furthermore, the spin-statistics theorem states that particles with integer spin correspond to bosons, and particles with half-integer spin correspond to fermions.
A rotating charged body in an inhomogenous magnetic field will experience a force. Electrons in an inhomogenous magnetic field also experience a force, and this is why people have imagined the electron as "spinning around". The observed forces vary for different electrons, and these differences are attributed to differences in spin. The spin of electrons is therefore typically measured by observing their deflection in an inhomogenous magnetic field. In accordance with the predictions of theory, only half-integer multiples of h/2π are ever observed for electrons.
History
Spin was first discovered in the context of the emission spectrum of alkali metals. In 1924, Wolfgang Pauli (who was possibly the most influential physicist in the theory of spin) introduced what he called a "two-valued quantum degree of freedom" associated with the electron in the outermost shell. This allowed him to formulate the Pauli exclusion principle, stating that no two electrons can share the same quantum numbers.
The physical interpretation of Pauli's "degree of freedom" was initially unknown. Ralph Kronig, one of Landé's assistants, suggested in early 1925 that it was produced by the self-rotation of the electron. When Pauli heard about the idea, he criticized it severely, noting that the electron's hypothetical surface would have to be moving faster than the speed of light in order for it to rotate quickly enough to produce the necessary angular momentum. This would violate the theory of relativity. Largely due to Pauli's criticism, Kronig decided not to publish his idea.
In the fall of that year, the same thought came to two young Dutch physicists, George Uhlenbeck and Samuel Goudsmit. Under the advice of Paul Ehrenfest, they published their results in a small paper. It met a favorable response, especially after L.H. Thomas managed to resolve a factor of two discrepancy between experimental results and Uhlenbeck and Goudsmit's calculations (and Kronig's unpublished ones.) This discrepancy was due to the necessity to take into account the orientation of the electron's tangent frame, in addition to its position; mathematically speaking, a fiber bundle description is needed. The tangent bundle effect is additive and relativistic (i.e. it vanishes if c goes to infinity); it is one half of the value obtained without regard for the tangent space orientation, but with opposite sign. Thus the combined effect differs from the latter by a factor two (Thomas precession).
Despite his initial objections to the idea, Pauli formalized the theory of spin in 1927, using the modern theory of quantum mechanics discovered by Schrödinger and Heisenberg. He pioneered the use of Pauli matrices as a representation of the spin operators, and introduced a two-component spinor wave-function.
Pauli's theory of spin was non-relativistic. However, in 1928, Paul Dirac published the Dirac equation, which described the relativistic electron. In the Dirac equation, a four-component spinor (known as a "Dirac spinor") was used for the electron wave-function.
In 1940, Pauli proved the spin-statistics theorem, which states that fermions have half-integer spin and bosons integer spin.
Application
A possible application of spin is as a binary information carrier in spin transistors. Electronics based on spin transistors is called spintronics.
References
- "Spintronics. Feature Article" in Scientific American, June 2002
- The October 2003 issue of Nature Materials has an article about a new alloy that makes spin transistors possible at room temperature.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Spin (physics)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In politics and public relations spin refers to portraying an event or fact in a way that is favorable to you and unfavorable to your political opponents. This is called "putting a positive spin on a story" or just "spinning" the story.
Practitioners of spin are often referred to as spin doctors.
The techniques of spin include:
Spin is effectively the techniques of "grey propaganda" applied to politics and PR.
- selective quotation
- selective use of facts
- non-denial denial
- phrasing in a way that assumes unproven truths
- "burying" stories by releasing information at times when more important events dominate the news
See also:
External links:
- journalism
- public relations
- media manipulation
- Disinfopedia
- soundbite
- censorship in the United States
- BBC news story: "We've too many spin doctors"
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Spin (politics)."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SPIN | English | Searchable Physics Information Notices | Computing, Information |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: SpinSynonyms: tailspin (n), twirl (n), twist (n), twisting (n), birl (v), gyrate (v), narrate (v), recite (v), recount (v), reel (v), spin around (v), spin out (v), tell (v), whirl (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Diffuseness | Digress, ramble, battre la campagne, beat about the bush, perorate, spin a long yarn, protract; spin out, swell out, draw out; battologize. |
Diuturnity | Tarry; (be late); drag on, drag its slow length along, drag a lengthening chain; protract, prolong; spin out, eke out, draw out, lengthen out; temporize; gain time, make time, talk against time. |
Exaggeration | Verb: exaggerate, magnify, pile up, aggravate; amplify; (expand); overestimate; hyperbolize; overcharge, overstate, overdraw, overlay, overshoot the mark, overpraise; make over much, over the most of; strain, strain over a point; stretch, stretch a point; go great lengths; spin a long yarn; draw with a longbow, shoot with a longbow; deal in the marvelous. |
Experiment | Verb: experiment; essay; (endeavor); try, try out, assay; make an experiment, make a trial of; give a trial to; put on trial, subject to trial; experiment upon; rehearse; put to the test, bring to the test, submit to the test, submit to the proof; prove, verify, test, touch, practice upon, try one's strength; road-test, test drive, take for a spin; test fly. |
Lateness | Put off, defer, delay, lay over, suspend; table; shift off, stave off; waive, retard, remand, postpone, adjourn; procrastinate; dally; prolong, protract; spin out, draw out, lengthen out, stretch out; prorogue; keep back; tide over; push to the last, drive to the last; let the matter stand over; reserve; (store); temporize; consult one's pillow, sleep on it. |
Length | Render long; Adjective: lengthen, extend, elongate; stretch; prolong, produce, protract; let out, draw out, spin out; drawl. |
Rejection | Verb: reject; set aside, lay aside; give up; decline; (refuse); exclude, except; pluck, spin; cast. |
Rotation | Verb: rotate; roll along; revolve, spin; turn round; circumvolve; circulate; gyre, gyrate, wheel, whirl, pirouette; twirl, trundle, troll, bowl. |
Roll up, furl; wallow, welter; box the compass; spin like a top, spin like a teetotum. | |
Spin out. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Don't you mess with me, mister, or I'll divorce you so fast it'll make your head spin! (American Beauty; writing credit: Alan Ball) Where did you learn how to spin, Noh-Face (Sen to Chihiro no kamikakushi; writing credit: Cindy Davis Hewitt; Donald H. Hewitt) In it I toil not, neither do I spin. I am a critic and commentator (All About Eve; writing credit: Joseph L. Mankiewicz) You sit around here and you spin your little webs and you think the whole world revolves around you and your money (It's a Wonderful Life; writing credit: Philip Van Doren Stern; Frances Goodrich) Well that's putting a positive spin on things (WMAC Masters; writing credit: Alfred Kahn; Carlin West) | |
Lyrics | Head down spin around get a little refried (Just Push Play; performing artist: Aerosmith) Tell the DJ spin it on the mix show (Request Line; performing artist: Black Eyed Peas) And don’t speak too soon, for the wheel’s still in spin ("The Times They Are A-Changin'"; performing artist: Bob Dylan) Watch it spin around to a beautiful oblivion (Inside Out; performing artist: Eve 6) I saw the world spin beneath you (Black Balloon; performing artist: Goo Goo Dolls) | |
Clever | Habit is a cable: We spin a thread of it every day, and at last we can not break it. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | De Zwarte spin (1960) The New Adventures of Spin and Marty (1958) Spin and Marty (1955) Safety Spin (1953) Spin the Picture (1949) | |
Song Titles | Little Miss Can't Be Wrong (performing artist: Spin Doctors) Two Princes (performing artist: Spin Doctors) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Slide shows researcher using electron spin resonance spectroscopy to examine the role of free radicals in promoting anticancer drug activity as well as in the development of drug resistance. Credit: Bill Branson (Photographer). |  | "Paddlewheel" by Hassan Sedaghat. Use the arrow keys to spin it. |
 | Spin Tunnel Model. Credit: NASA. |  | Spin Models. Credit: NASA. |
 | Mercury Capsule Model in Spin Tunnel. Credit: NASA. |  | I think I'll take this thing for a spin NOAA diver gets ready for a spin on a tourist moped At the end of the cruise ship piers in Nassau. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "DJ table - Spin Table - Toront" by George Shemtov Commentary: "DJ table - Spin Table - Toronto." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Play | Caption |
 | A quarter thrown onto a flat surface and allowed to spin for awhile. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Dennis Miller | The government could take away all the drugs in the world and people would spin around on their lawns until they fell down and saw God. |
George Meredith | Passions spin the plot: We are betrayed by what is false within. |
John Keats | It appears to me that almost any man may like the spider spin from his own inwards his own airy citadel. |
Lord Alfred Tennyson | Let the great world spin for ever down the ringing grooves of change. |
Thomas Carlyle | Imperfection clings to a person, and if they wait till they are brushed off entirely, they would spin for ever on their axis, advancing nowhere. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | I had arranged to go for a spin on the bike with some fellows out by Malahide |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | The parent will sometimes roll and spin round before you in such a dishabille, that you cannot, for a few moments, detect what kind of creature it is. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Civil Liberties | Afghanistan | After meeting in Pakistan with Canadian diplomats and Pakistani authorities, the Taliban on December 1 released Ken Hechtman, a Canadian journalist, who had been held captive in Spin Boldak by approximately 11 armed Taliban members. (references) |
Economic History | Uae | As a spin off of these projects, Etisalat projects opportunities for US companies in intelligent billing procedures, video broadcast and video-on-demand. (references) |
Korea | To introduce competition into the gas industry, MOCIE will spin off the import and wholesale units of KOGAS into three subsidiaries by 2001. MOCIE will sell two of the three import and wholesale subsidiaries, and will sell a portion of its stake in storage facilities and main pipeline network by 2002. In addition, KOGAS will sell the Korea Gas Marine Co., one of its four subsidiaries, by the end of 2000. The remaining three subsidiaries will be sold in the near future. (references) | |
Political Economy | Bulgaria | Failure to follow through on reform measures through most of the 1990's led to the rapid downward spin of the economy which in turn seriously affected the living standards of all Bulgarians. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | DOG, n. A kind of additional or subsidiary Deity designed to catch the overflow and surplus of the world's worship. This Divine Being in some of his smaller and silkier incarnations takes, in the affection of Woman, the place to which there is no human male aspirant. The Dog is a survival -- an anachronism. He toils not, neither does he spin, yet Solomon in all his glory never lay upon a door-mat all day long, sun-soaked and fly-fed and fat, while his master worked for the means wherewith to purchase the idle wag of the Solomonic tail, seasoned with a look of tolerant recognition. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Spin" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 62.19% of the time. "Spin" is used about 811 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 62.19% | 504 | 11,979 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 25.49% | 207 | 21,147 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 11.82% | 96 | 33,456 |
| Unclassified Items | 0.25% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.25% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 811 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "spin": begin to spin round ♦ controlled spin ♦ dual spin ♦ electron spin ♦ electron spin resonance ♦ Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ♦ flat spin ♦ go for a spin ♦ go for a spin in a car ♦ normal spin ♦ oscillatory spin ♦ spin a coin ♦ spin a top ♦ spin a yarn ♦ spin along ♦ spin around ♦ spin ball ♦ spin doctor ♦ spin drier ♦ spin dryer ♦ spin glass ♦ Spin Labels ♦ spin like a teetotum ♦ spin like a top ♦ spin off ♦ spin out ♦ spin out one's money ♦ spin out time ♦ spin round ♦ spin smb. a yarn about smth. ♦ spin the bottle ♦ spin the plate ♦ spin the platter ♦ spin things out ♦ Spin Trapping ♦ spin yarns ♦ tail spin ♦ take a spin ♦ take for a spin ♦ to spin ♦ To spin a yarn ♦ To spin hay ♦ To spin street yarn ♦ toe spin. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "spin": spin-allowed, spin-bowling, spin-doctor, spin-doctoring, spin-doctors, spin-down, spin-drier, spin-drift, spin-dry, spin-dryer, spin-forbidden, spin-i, spin-off, spin-off', spin-offs, spin-orbit, spin-out, spin-outs, Spin-Polarized, spin-related, spin-spin, spin-trapping, spin-trials, spin-up, spin-ups, spin-weighted. | |
Ending with "spin": off-spin. | |
Containing "spin": leg-spin-and. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
spin | 853 | spin art | 38 |
spin magazine | 390 | spin cycle | 37 |
spin doctor | 367 | spin tech | 36 |
spin city | 269 | chat spin | 35 |
bottle spin | 160 | spin doctor cd | 33 |
second spin | 135 | spin class | 31 |
the no spin zone | 118 | spin casting | 30 |
spin doctor lyrics | 91 | spin win | 29 |
bottle e spin | 81 | achik spin | 27 |
spin top | 74 | spin tek | 27 |
spin wheels | 65 | lifehouse lyrics radio spin version | 27 |
spin master toy | 61 | spin city cast | 27 |
rim spin that | 58 | sit spin | 26 |
rim spin | 57 | lyrics spin | 23 |
spin selling | 56 | spin tek.com | 23 |
you spin me round | 55 | like record round spin | 22 |
lifehouse lyrics spin | 51 | spin and marty | 21 |
spin bike | 51 | spin welding | 21 |
spin off | 51 | spin master | 20 |
right round spin | 41 | lifehouse spin | 19 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "spin"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | shëtitje e shkurtër, vërtitje (gyration, gyre, revolution, torsion, turn, twirl), vërtit (flip, grind, span, swing, twist, wiggle), vërtis (flip, grind, span, swing, twist, wiggle), tjerr, thurje (fencing, knitting, knitwork, network, plotting, twist, weave, weaving, wicker-work, woof), thur (braid, convolve, enmesh, fence, knit, pleach, shut up, splice, stitch, twine, twist, weave), rrotulloj (crank, gyrate, revolve, rotate, slue round, swing, swivel, traverse, twist, whirl), rrotullim (circumgyration, cycle, gyration, revolution, rotation, torsion, traverse, turn, turning, twirl, wheel, whirlabout), më vjen rrotull, dredh (cast, convulse, curl, friz, frizz, roll, shake, twist, vibrate, wriggle). (various references) | |
Arabic | محور (axis, center, centre, heart, hub, pivot, shaft, spindle, spun), مدد (dilate, expand, extend, stick out, sustain), هبوط لولبي (tailspin), نسج (interweave, knit, spun, weave), لفق قصة, غزل (flirtation, gallant, spinning, string, throw, yarn), تسقط الطائرة مدومة, جفف (dehydrate, desiccate, drain off, dry, exsiccate, mangle, mummify, parch, sear, season), جعل الذهب خيوطا, أطال (drag out, draw out, elongate, extend, prolong, protract), أدار (administer, boss, carry on, cast, direct, dispense, govern, manage, mobilize, operate, order, preside, procure, rotate, run, slew, slue, spun, steward, superintend, tumble, twiddle, twirl, wind, work), دوار عقلي, دوران سريع, دار بسرعة, دار (circle, come round, dwelling, go, gyrate, hand round, home, house, operate, orb, orbit, pan, parlor, parlour, residence, revolve, rotate, round, screw, spun, swing, swing round, swirl, swivel, turn over, twiddle, twirl, up and about, wheel, whirl, wind). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | скъсвам на изпит, хвърлям жребие (cast lots, lot), въртя (manage, move, revolve, roll, roll about, rotate, sway, swing, switch, swivel, toss about, trifle, turn, twiddle, wag, wheel about, wiggle, wind), въртене (circuit, circumgyration, circumvolution, gyration, revolution, rotation, running, swirl, turn, turning, twiddle, wag, wheel, whirl, wiggle, wriggle), замайване (dizziness, giddiness, swim, vertigo), замайвам (daze, mystify, rock, stupefy), ловя риба на блесна (spoon), предене, преда (purr), плета (braid, knit, twine), изработвам (dress, elaborate, frame, make, produce, set up, turn out, work), извъртявам, движа се бързо (clip, double, hasten, jump, scour, scud, shift, spank, speed, travel, whirl, zoom). (various references) | |
Chinese | 紡 , 旋转 (revolve, revolved, revolving, rotational, Slewed, Twirled, Twirling, Whirl, Whirled, Whirling). (various references) | |
Czech | roztoèit (wind off), faleš (falsity), hodit si (flip), odstředit, otáèet se (gyrate, pivot, revolve, rotate, veer, wheel), příst (purr), předení (purr), říznout (swerve), rotace (circumgyration, rotation), vymýšlet si (fabricate), tkát (weave), toèení (swing, turning, twist, wrench), toèit (shoot, spill, swing, turn, twiddle, twine, twirl, twist, whirl, wind), vývrtka (corkscrew), víření (sound, twirl, whir, whirl, whirr), vířit (Eddy, reel, swirl, whir, whirl, whirr), pirueta (pirouette). (various references) | |
Danish | svingning (fluctuation, flutter, oscillation, pivoting, spin effect, swivelling, turning, vibration), spin, rotering (spin effect), rotation (curl, rotation, turnaround), elektronspin (electron spin), drejning (spin effect, spinning, torsion, turnery, turning). (various references) | |
Dutch | spinnen (spinning). (various references) | |
Esperanto | ŝpini. (various references) | |
Faeroese | spinna, murra (murmur, mutter). (various references) | |
Farsi | فرفره (Gig, Whirligig), چرخاندن (Pivot, Swivel, Wind), تنیدن , ریسیدن , رشتن , به درازاکشاندن . (various references) | |
Finnish | syöksykierre, spin, virvelöidä, pyöriä (circle, circulate, revolve. rotate, roll, turn), kierre (thread, twist, worm), kehrätä (purr), elektronin pyöriminen (electron spin). (various references) | |
French | spin de l'électron (electron spin), spin, rotation propre, effet de pivotement (spin effect), essorer, faire tourner, filement, filer (split), filler la laine, pivotage (spin effect), pivotement (spin effect), pivoter, chute en vrille, rotation (spinning), vrille (spinning), rouler à toute vitesse, tanguer, tissage (spun), tisser, tomber en vrille, tourner, tournoiement, tournoyer, raconter. (various references) | |
German | Drehen (be about, centre on, change, concern, contort, film, fix, grind, pull, pull off, revolve, roll, rotate, shift, slew, span, spun, swivel, take, throw, to revolve, to turn, to twiddle, to twirl, to twist, turn, turn around, turn round, twiddle, twirl, twist, wangle, wheel, wind, work), Trudeln (trundle), spinnen (be cracker, be crazy, be nutty, be screwy, concoct, invent, make it up, plot, rave, spiders, spinning, talk rubbish, weave), Schwenken (brandish, flourish, pan, panning, pivot, slew, sway, swing, switch, swivel, toss, traverse, wave, wheel), Drall (ample, buxom, buxomly, hefty, inclination, rounded, strapping, sturdy, tendency, twist). (various references) | |
Greek | γνέθω. (various references) | |
Hebrew | למזור, לשזור (entwine, interlace, intertwine, twine, twist, weave, wreathe), לכרכר (beat about the bush, dance, gyrate, jig, jump, leap, twirl), להסתחרר (feel dizzy, turn round, whirl), לטוות (weave), לסחרר, סחרור (giddiness), סבוב (bend, circle, circuit, surrounding, tour, turn). (various references) | |
Hungarian | pörgés (gyration, turning round and round, twirl), forgás (gyration, gyre, revolution, rotation, round, swing, swirl, turning, turning round and round, turnover, twirl, whirl). (various references) | |
Indonesian | putaran (capstan, cycle, rotary, rotation, twirl), antih. (various references) | |
Italian | rotazione (alternation, gyration, revolution, rotation, turnover). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 錐揉み , 自転 (rotation), スピード線 (lines drawn to represent motion, pomeranian, spear, spear fishing, speed controller, speed lines, spin out, spin turn, spin-glass, spinning reel, spirit, spirits, spiritual, spiritualism, Spirochaeta, Spirulina, spitball). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | きりもみ, スピン , じてん (character dictionary, cyclopedia, dictionary, encyclopedia, occasion, point in time, rotation, runner-up, turning). (various references) | |
Korean | 회전급강. (various references) | |
Manx | sneeu (spinning), queeyllaraght (spinning), kestal (struggle, struggling, turn, turn as rope, twisting, wrestle; spinning, wrestling), cassey (change, curl, distort, flick, flounce, involve, pervert, screw, squirm, swing, swirl, tangle, turn, turn over, twist, warp, whip-round, wrench, wring). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | inspay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | rotação (circuit, rev, revolution, rolling, rotation, turn, twirl, wind). (various references) | |
Romanian | se roti (Eddy, move, reel, rotate, whirl), se rãsuci (convolve, curl, curl up, swirl, wheel, wind, wriggle, wriggle oneself), se învârti (circumgyrate, go round, gyrate, mill, move, reel, revolve, run, spin round, swim, swirl, turn, twirl, wind), rotaţie (revolution, roll, rotation, spire, turn, wheel), învârti (brandish, dance, grind, manipulate, revolve, roll, rotate, turn, turn round, twiddle, twirl, twist, wheel, whirl, wield, wind), învârtire (swirl, turn, wheel, whirl, whirling), centrifuga, depãna (reel, wind), fila (shadow, surge), mişcare rapidã (Bob, dart, flirt), ţese (concoct, darn, embroider, hatch, weave, work, wove weave), rãsuci (contort, convolve, curl, dislocate, entwist, revolve, roll, screw, set, snake, sprain, turn, twist, wield, wring), vrilã, roti (revolve, roll, rotate, swing, turn, wheel, whirl), rotire (gyration, sweep, turn, wheel, whirl), toarce, trânti un candidat la examen, pica (drip, drop, drop in, fall, flunk, pop in). (various references) | |
Russian | сучить, штопор самолета, штопор (bottle-screw, corkscrew, tail spin, tailspin, tail-spin), крутить кружение, крутить (curling, spins), кружиться (circle, reel, whirl), вращательное движение, верчение (twiddle), описывать круги, заплетать, прясть. (various references) | |
Scottish | snìomh (a ringlet, a twist, spin; wind as yarn, spinning, twine, twining, twisting), toinn (twine, twist). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | zavrteti (begin to spin round, swing), vrzmati se (dart, move around, putter, sneak around, tinker), rotirati (rotate), rotacija (rotation, shift, twist), presti (purr), odugovlačiti (be slow, drag out, procrastinate, protract, stonewall, tarry, temporize), obrtanje (reversion, rotation, veer, wheeling, whirlabout), kratka vožnja, kovitlati se (hurtle), kovit (tail spin, tailspin), ispredati. (various references) | |
Spanish | barrena (aiguille, auger, bore, borer, drill). (various references) | |
Swedish | spinna (purr, whir, whirr), snurra (peg top, swivel, top, turn, twirl, twist, whirl, whirligig, windmill). (various references) | |
Turkish | eğirmek, çevirme (assembly, conversion, enclosure, inclosure, rotation, surround, translation, turning, twirl), çevirmek (assemble, avert, bowl, change to, commute, convert, decline, deflect, divert, encircle, enclose, exchange, flip, flip over, hedge in, hedge round, inclose, interpret, manage, point, point on, pull, render, revert, roll, roll over, screw, slew, slew round, slue, slue round, surround, switch to, translate, translate into, turn, turn into, turn on, turn over, turn to, twiddle, twirl, upturn, whip, wind, wind up, zone), örmek (bond, braid, build, entwist, hand-knit, knit, plait, twine, weave), dönüş (comeback, facing, gyration, regress, regression, return, return journey, Rev, rotation, swing, turn, turning, way back), döndürmek (deflect, return, reverse, revolve, roll, rotate, round off, slew, slew round, slue, slue round, swerve, swing, turn, turn aside, turn inside out, turn over, turn round, twiddle, twirl, veer, veer round, wheel, whip, whirl, wind, wind up), dönme (apostasy, circumvolution, conversion, convert, cycle, deflection, deflexion, facing, gyration, loop, proselyte, renegade, rotation, swing, torsion, tumble, turn, turning, twist, veer, wheel, whirligig, winding), dönmek (abjure, apostatize, bear, budge from, call back, change one's mind, chop about, chop round, circle, come back, come home, deflect, face, front, get round, go back, go back on, gyrate, pivot, put about, recall, recant, reel, regress, renege, repass, return, return to, revert, revolve, rotate, round, screw, sheer from, slew, slue, swallow, swerve, swim, swing, switch, switch to, tumble, turn, turn back, turn one's coat, turn over, turn round, turn up, twist, veer, veer round, wheel, wheel about, wheel around, whirl), çakmak (be aware of, be ploughed, be plowed, beetle, cotton on to, drive, drive in, flash, flunk, gaslighter, ground, hammer, land, lighter, pitch, ram, root, rumble, stick, strike, tack, tack down, twig, understand), diklemesine indirmek, vril yapmak, fırıl fırıl çevirmek, fırıl fırıl dönmek (Eddy, reel, sleep, spin round, swirl, twirl, whirl, whirl about, whirl round), iplik yapmak, kısa gezinti, kaybettirmek, kurutma makinesinde kurutmak (machine dry, spin-dry), tasarlamak (architect, blue print, calculate, cast about, cast around, contemplate, contrive, design, devise, draft, draught, fix, forecast, incubate, mean, meditate, plan, premeditate, project, propose, purpose, ruminate, scheme, skeletonize, think out, think up, trace), uydurmak (accommodate, adapt, adjust, attune, concoct, conform, cook, cook up, dream up, fabricate, fake up, fashion, feign, fib, fit, forge, frame, fudge, gear, improvise, invent, key, make up, manufacture, mint, quadrate, reconcile, romance, Square, square with, suit, syntonize, tailor, talk through one's hat, tally up, tell a fib, trump up, tune, tune up), devir (age, alienation, assignation, assignment, cession, circle, circulation, circumvolution, currency, cycle, disposal, epoch, era, Eyre, grant, gyration, period, release, Rev, revolution, rotation, rounder, take over, transfer, transference, turnover). (various references) | |
Turkmen | saramak (wrap), egirmek. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | спін, штопор (corkscrew, nose-spin, puller), крутитися (circle, climb, flail, jib, pivot, reel, slue, wangle), крутити (jib, screw, twist, wag, whirl), кружляння (wheel, whirling), прясти. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sự quay tròn (spinning), cuộc đi chơi ngắn. (various references) | |
Welsh | troelli (twist, wind), nyddu (twist), chwyrli%o (speed, whirl), chwildroi (whirl). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | iannes, ne, nebo, nemini, nemus, neque, neri, neverant, nili, torquens, torquent, torquentes, torquere, torqueri, torques, torserat, torta, tortam, tortamque, tortas, tortiones, tortis, torto, tortura, torturi, versa, versabantur, versabatur, versandos, versantur, versaque, versari, versaris, versasti, versati, versatur, versatus. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Luke Chapter 12, Verse 27 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Katanohsate ta krina pwV auxanei ou kopia oude nhqei legw de umin oude solomwn en pash th doxh autou periebaleto wV en toutwn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Considerate lilia quomodo crescunt non laborant non nent dico autem vobis nec Salomon in omni gloria sua vestiebatur sicut unum ex istis |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Sceawiað þa lilian hu hi wexað. hi ne swincað ne ne spinnað; Soðlice ic eow secge þæt salomon on eallum hys wuldre næs gescrydd. swa þissa an; |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Biholde ye the lilies of the feeld, hou thei wexen; thei trauelen not, nethir spynnen. And Y seie to you, that nethir Salomon in al his glorie was clothid as oon of these. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Considre the lylies how they growe: They laboure not: they spyn not: and yet I saye vnto you that Salomon in all this royalte was not clothed lyke to one of these. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Consider the lilies how they grow: they toil not, they spin not; and yet I say unto you, that Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Consider the lilies how they grow: They toil not, they spin not; and yet I say to you, that Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Give thought to the flowers: they do no work, they make no thread; and still I say to you, Even Solomon, in all his glory, was not clothed like one of these. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Luke Chapter 12, Verse 27 |
| Cebuano | Palandunga ninyo ang mga lirio, giunsa nila sa pagtubo; wala sila magbudlay ni magkalinyas; ngani, suginlan ko kamo, nga bisan pa si Salomon sa tibuok niyang katahuman wala gani makabisti maingon sa usa kanila. |
| Croatian | Promotrite ljiljane, kako niti predu niti tkaju, a kažem vam: ni Salomon se u svoj svoj |
