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Definition: Spell |
SpellNoun1. A psychological state induced by (or as if induced by) a magical incantation. 2. A time for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else); "it's my go"; "a spell of work". 3. A period of indeterminate length (usually short) marked by some action or condition; "he was here for a little while"; "I need to rest for a piece"; "a spell of good weather". 4. A verbal formula believed to have magical force; "he whispered a spell as he moved his hands"; "inscribed around its base is a charm in Balinese". Verb1. Recite the letters of or give the spelling of; "How do you spell this word?". 2. Indicate or signify; "I'm afraid this spells trouble!". 3. Write or name the letters that comprise the conventionally accepted form of (a word or part of a word); "He spelled the word wrong in this letter". 4. Place under a spell. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "spell" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Spell n. Syn. incantation. Source: Jargon File. |
Literature | Spell (A), in workman's language, means a portion of time allotted to some particular work, and from which the men are relieved when the limited time expires. To spell is to relieve another at his work. Spell ho! An exclamation to signify that the allotted time has expired, and men are to be relieved by another set. A pretty good spell. A long bout or pull, as a "spell at the capstan," etc. (The German spicl means a performance as well as a play, game, or sport.). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | A rest period for crews at furnace, stock house, etc., or a period of workin drilling the taphole; a change or turn. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
English spelling, although largely phonemic, has more complicated rules than many other spelling systems for languages written in alphabetic scripts, and contains inconsistencies that necessitate rote learning of the pronunciations of many words. There are two major reasons for this.The first is that the admirably consistent orthography of Old English was swept away by the Norman Conquest, and English itself was eclipsed by French for three centuries, eventually emerging with its spelling much influenced by French. English had also borrowed large numbers of words from French, which for reasons of prestige and familiarity kept their French spellings. Like most other languages with alphabetic scripts, English continues to preserve foreign spellings for loanwords, even when they employ completely exotic conventions, like the 'cz' in 'Czech'.
The second major reason is the group of linguistic changes during the period after the Conquest, including the Great Vowel Shift. For example, these changes changed 'igh' in 'night' from a pure vowel followed by a velar fricative to a diphthong; and changed 'stone' from two syllables to one. These changes for the most part did not detract from the rule-governed nature of the spelling system; but in some cases they introduced confusing inconsistencies, like the well-known example of the many pronunciations of 'ough' (rough, through, though, thorough, trough, plough, etc.). Most of these changes happened before the arrival of printing in England; but the printing press, which it might have been hoped would provide the impetus for a realignment of spelling with pronunciation, merely froze the current system and introduced further inconsistencies, partly because of the use of typesetters trained abroad, particularly in the Low Countries.
A third major reason is the English language itself. English contains 24 separate consonant phonemes and, depending on dialect, anywhere from fourteen to twenty vowels and diphthongs. English uses no diacritical marks, and makes do with the twenty-six inadequate letters of the Latin alphabet. A one to one correspondence between character and sound is not possible using that unadorned alphabet in English, which requires the use of a large number of digraphs such as th and sh.
There were also minor problems like the introduction of false etymological spellings (the 'b' in 'debt' is an attempt to link it to the Latin 'debitum', the 's' in 'island' is a misplaced attempt to link it to Latin insula instead of the correct Norse igland, and the 'p' in 'ptarmigan' has no etymological justification whatsoever). Other orthographies have not been immune to these maladies. Swedish, for example, once suffered from a fashion for 'decorative spelling'.
The English spelling system can be taught to children easily using the regularities that it does possess. Although it is undoubtedly easier to learn the spelling system of Swedish, Serbian or Swahili more quickly - all these languages have more regular and simpler systems than that of English - a literate native speaker of English generally has no difficulty with a word he or she has not seen before. However, studies have shown that dyslexia occurs more often among speakers of languages such as English whose orthography differs heavily from the phonology than speakers of languages such as Finnish or Italian where the letter-sound correspondence is more regular (see: PISA report).
Loanwords are often changed in pronunciation as a result of pressure from the spelling. A good example of this is 'ski', adopted from Norwegian (in the mid-18th century; but not common before 1900) and pronounced 'shee' till the increasing popularity of the sport after the middle of the 20th century helped the 'sk' pronunciation replace it.
Proposals for spelling reform have failed for several reasons. The spelling system is really not as bad as its critics have claimed, and causes few problems; a radical reform would be offensive to the eye and cut us off from the past; and minor reforms are hardly worth the trouble. American English spelling diverged slightly from that of British English, partly as a conscious attempt at rationalisation, partly to distance the newly-independent United States from Great Britain, but the changes are so small as to make hardly any difference, and merely make work for proof readers and sellers of spell-checking software.
The spelling of English continues to evolve. Loanwords have introduced a new quasi-Italian system of pronouncing vowels - for loanwords from any language, not just Italian - and so we have 'hindu' and no longer 'Hindoo'; and under this influence the name 'Maria' no longer rhymes with 'fire' but with 'here' in RP and other non-rhotic dialects. (This influence probably started with the introduction of many actual Italian words into English during the renaissance, in fields including music - andante, viola, forte, etc.) Advertisers introduce spellings like 'smokey' (for 'smokey bacon flavoured crisps') which they fancy is somehow smokier than 'smoky'; and 'rucsac' rather than 'rucksack', to conjure up a technical atmosphere. Since the 1970s and possibly earlier, affectionate versions of women's names that sound the same as men's names have been spelt differently: Nikki and Nicky, Toni and Tony, Jo and Joe.
The spelling of the English language annually gains publicity during May because of the popularity of a Spelling bee organized at the national level in the USA as a competition for students that are under 16 years of age.
See also English language, English plural, Misspelling, Strange words in English language, Longest words in English, Shavian alphabet
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "English orthography."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A spell is the basic mechanism of religious magical practices. It consists of a spoken or written formula which is used in conjunction with a particular set of magical ingredients. If a spell is properly executed and fails to work, then the spell is a fraud. However, in most instances, the failure of a spell to bring about the desired effect can be attributed to the failure of the person executing the spell to follow the magic formula to the letter.
Generally speaking, there are two types of magic: Contagious magic and sympathetic magic. Contagious magic involves the use of physical ingredients which were once in contact with the object or objects one hopes to influence with a spell, and sympathetic magic involves the use of physical objects which resemble the object or objects one hopes to influence.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Spell."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SPELL | English | Interactive system for Spoken European Language training | Computing, European Union |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: SpellSynonyms: charm (n), enchantment (n), go (n), magic spell (n), piece (n), tour (n), trance (n), turn (n), while (n), import (v), write (v). (additional references) |
| Antonym: unspell (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Amusement | Athletic sports, gymnastics; archery, rifle shooting; tournament, pugilism; (contention); sports; horse racing, the turf; aquatics; skating, sliding; cricket, tennis, lawn tennis; hockey, football, baseball, soccer, ice hockey, basketball; rackets, fives, trap bat and ball, la grace; pall-mall, tipcat, croquet, golf, curling, pallone, polo, water polo; tent pegging; tilting at the ring, quintain; greasy pole; quoits, horseshoes, discus; rounders, lacrosse; tobogganing, water polo; knurr and spell. |
Desire | Woo, court, solicit; fish for, spell for, whistle for, put up for; ogle. |
Exertion | Noun: exertion, effort, strain, tug, pull, stress, throw, stretch, struggle, spell, spurt, spirt; stroke of work,Noun: exertion, effort, strain, tug, pull, stress, throw, stretch, struggle, spell, spurt, spirt; stroke of work, stitch of work. |
Interpretation | Find out; a the meaning; of; read; spell out, make out; decipher, unravel, disentangle; find the key of, enucleate, resolve, solve; read between the lines. |
Learning | Read, spell, peruse; con over, pore over, thumb over; wade through; dip into; run the eye over, run the eye through; turn over the leaves. |
Letter | Verb: spell. |
Motive | Inducement, consideration; attraction; loadstone; magnet, magnetism, magnetic force; allectation, allective; temptation, enticement, agacerie, allurement, witchery; bewitchment, bewitchery; charm; spell; fascination, blandishment, cajolery; seduction, seducement; honeyed words, voice of the tempter, song of the Sirens forbidden fruit, golden apple. |
Necessity | Destiny, destination; fatality, fate, kismet, doom, foredoom, election, predestination; preordination, foreordination; lot fortune; fatalism; inevitableness; Adjective: spell. |
Destine, doom, foredoom, devote; predestine, preordain; cast a spell; necessitate; compel. | |
Refreshment | Break, spell. |
Sorcery | Verb: practice sorcery;Noun: cast a nativity, conjure, exorcise, charm, enchant; bewitch, bedevil; hoodoo, voodoo; entrance, mesmerize, magnetize; fascinate; (influence); taboo; wave a wand; rub the ring, rub the lamp; cast a spell; call up spirits, call up spirits from the vasty deep; raise spirits from the dead. |
Spell | Noun: spell, charm, incantation, exorcism, weird, cabala, exsufflation, cantrap, runes, abracadabra, open sesame, countercharm, Ephesian letters, bell book and candle, Mumbo Jumbo, evil eye, fee-faw-fum. |
Time | Noun: time, duration; period, term, stage, space, span, spell, season; the whole time, the whole period; space-time; course; snap. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | That is one of the Mearas, unless my eyes are cheated by some spell. (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers; writing credit: Frances Walsh) You don't spell it, you eat it (Sixteen Candles; writing credit: John Hughes) And as punishment she transformed him into a hideous beast and placed a powerful spell on the castle and all who lived there (Beauty and the Beast; writing credit: Roger Allers; Kelly Asbury) He's got the whole White House press corps asking each other how to spell erudite (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin) Be prepared for hysterics and even a fainting spell. Better have smelling salts handy and a nip of brandy (Witness for the Prosecution; writing credit: Agatha Christie; Larry Marcus) | |
Lyrics | They get'choo caught in their spell (Girls of Summer; performing artist: Aerosmith) Lying under this spell you cast on me (Crush; performing artist: Dave Matthews Band) I'm under a spell again (Shake Your Love; performing artist: Debbie Gibson) Could break that Satan's spell ("American Pie"; performing artist: Don McLean) And the stars spell out your name (Candle In The Wind 1997; performing artist: Elton John) | |
Clever | I don't give a damn for man that can spell a word only one way. (references; author: Mark Twain) A synonym is a word you use in place of one you can't spell. (references; author: unknown) If you were to spell out numbers, how far would you have to go until you would find the letter "A"? One thousand. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | You Can't Spell Sex Without... X (1970) A Voodoo Spell (1967) Hot Spell (1958) Under Your Spell (1936) The Hot Spell (1936) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Crewmembers spell out "Boxer 75,000 Landings" on the flight deck to commemorate reaching that milestone in her career. The landing was made on 19 November 1955 by Lieutenant (Junior Grade) Charles R. Smith, and his crewman, Roland W. Parker, flying an AD "Skyraider" of Composite Squadron 35. The original photograph was released by Commander Naval Forces Far East on 28 November 1955. Credit: NAVY. |  | Crewmen on the flight deck spell out "Connecticut", 16 July 1951. Credit: NAVY. |
 | Michael knew he must do something at once to break away from the spell of that beautiful witch. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | It beats anything for a sinking spell. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | I don't think I ever knew such a spell of weather. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | I don't care how much Jim says, he gives me a breathing spell!. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | What it takes to spell it. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Put the pennant beside the flag--Both spell victory United States Shipping Board, Emergency Fleet Corporation / / Carey Print Lith. N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Painful incident of the cold spell. Moral: be careful about starting a fire with kerosene. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Put the pennant beside the flag--Both spell victory United States Shipping Board, Emergency Fleet Corporation / / Carey Print Lith. N.Y. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Watching the Harbour" by vares Commentary: "A man turned in to stone by a bed spell." | "Poke salet" by Loretta Humble Commentary: "Don't know how you really spell it: poke salad, I think. It grows wild, and we gather the first young leaves in the spring, and cook them like other greens, except we par boil them first.(cook a while, then drain the water off and replace.) Later it is wa" |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Andrew Jackson | It's a damn poor mind that can only think of one way to spell a word. |
Elizabeth Barrett Browning | Men get opinions as boys learn to spell by reiteration chiefly. |
George Sand | The beauty that addresses itself to the eyes is only the spell of the moment; the eye of the body is not always that of the soul. |
Johann Kaspar Lavater | Action, looks, words, steps, form the alphabet by which you may spell character. |
Whittier | The tents of autumn -- a mighty flower garden, blossoming under the spell of the enchanter, frost. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | The spell survives, and just as powerfully as if the natal spot were an earthly paradise |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | I will teach her to spell. |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | He had tried to spell out the headline for himself though he knew already what it was for it was the last of the book |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | And don't be embarrassed to ask the doctor to repeat or explain something or spell unfamiliar words. (references) | |
This approach is an alternative to the jejunostomy tube and is usually a temporary method to get you through a difficult spell of gastroparesis. (references) | ||
There are data to suggest that infants presenting with an apneic spell during sleep who were perceived to require resuscitation may have a mortality as high as 10 percent despite the use of home monitors. (references) | ||
Business | The new law will spell out roles and responsibilities of both lessor and lessee. (references) | |
These initiatives spell out the commitment to promote independence and out-patient rehabilitation, and, as a result, many patients who would have previously been institutionalized have remained in the community. (references) | ||
Dell has done away with the need of the channel network and, with its success, other companies are also looking at selling over the Net. The advantages of the Net and the increasing pressure to replicate the Dell model could spell doom for the channel players. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Singapore | Implementing regulations, which spell out more clearly what is permitted and prohibited, were promulgated in October. (references) |
Economic History | Ghana | However, joint venture arrangements with Ghanaian firms should carefully spell out areas of responsibility. (references) |
Chad | The OHADA acts spell out rights for approved creditors in various categories (i.e., the treasury, wage earners, etc.). (references) | |
Political Economy | MALAYSIA | These guidelines also spell out the conditions under which companies may receive one, two and three year operating licenses. (references) |
Political Rights | Croatia | Outstanding concerns included the hurried last-minute drafting of the election law, provisions on minority representation that do not clearly spell out procedures for achieving minority balance in local bodies (and that still await data from the April 2001 census), the lack of a permanent state electoral commission, the lack of transparency in parties' campaign expenditures, and the lack of regulations for campaign financing. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | DEPUTY, n. A male relative of an office-holder, or of his bondsman. The deputy is commonly a beautiful young man, with a red necktie and an intricate system of cobwebs extending from his nose to his desk. When accidentally struck by the janitor's broom, he gives off a cloud of dust. "Chief Deputy," the Master cried, "To-day the books are to be tried By experts and accountants who Have been commissioned to go through Our office here, to see if we Have stolen injudiciously. Please have the proper entries made, The proper balances displayed, Conforming to the whole amount Of cash on hand -- which they will count. I've long admired your punctual way -- Here at the break and close of day, Confronting in your chair the crowd Of business men, whose voices loud And gestures violent you quell By some mysterious, calm spell -- Some magic lurking in your look That brings the noisiest to book And spreads a holy and profound Tranquillity o'er all around. So orderly all's done that they Who came to draw remain to pay. But now the time demands, at last, That you employ your genius vast In energies more active. Rise And shake the lightnings from your eyes; Inspire your underlings, and fling Your spirit into everything!" The Master's hand here dealt a whack Upon the Deputy's bent back, When straightway to the floor there fell A shrunken globe, a rattling shell A blackened, withered, eyeless head! The man had been a twelvemonth dead. Jamrach Holobom |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Spell" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 57.53% of the time. "Spell" is used about 2,148 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 57.53% | 1,236 | 6,318 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 35.02% | 752 | 9,078 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 6.84% | 147 | 25,998 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.6% | 13 | 97,576 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,148 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "spell" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Spell | Last name | 2,000 | 6,200 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "spell": Ague spell ♦ be under a spell ♦ break the spell ♦ break the spell on ♦ breathing spell ♦ bright spell ♦ cast a spell ♦ cast a spell on ♦ cast a spell over ♦ cast a spell upon ♦ casting a spell ♦ cold spell ♦ dizzy spell ♦ fainting spell ♦ give smb. a spell ♦ hot spell ♦ knurr and spell ♦ magic spell ♦ night spell ♦ put a spell on ♦ sinking spell ♦ spell backward ♦ spell of fine weather ♦ spell out ♦ spell smth. out. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "spell": spell-binder, spell-binding, spell-book, spell-bound, spell-check, spell-checked, spell-checker, spell-checking, spell-out, spell-retention, spell-ridden, spell-wall, spell-walls, spell-weaving, spell-work. | |
Ending with "spell": By-spell, counter-spell, finger-spell, mordor-spell, night-spell. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
spell check | 1,333 | free love spell | 40 |
spell | 683 | online spell checker | 40 |
spell checker | 498 | outlook express spell check | 39 |
love spell | 338 | free spell checker | 38 |
candle spell | 253 | phone number spell | 33 |
witch craft spell | 249 | speak spell | 33 |
casting spell spells | 204 | does number phone spell | 33 |
wiccan spell | 199 | spell checkers | 32 |
spell kit | 146 | learn how to spell | 31 |
wicca spell | 138 | good luck spell | 31 |
casting spell | 122 | curse spell | 31 |
magic love spell | 114 | harry list potter spell | 31 |
spell book | 109 | money spell | 29 |
magic spell | 90 | medical spell checker | 29 |
sing spell read and write | 81 | phone spell | 28 |
free spell check | 72 | spell bound | 28 |
white magic spell | 62 | revenge spell | 28 |
online spell check | 62 | 3 editor spell warcraft | 27 |
cast a spell | 48 | magick spell | 27 |
sex spell | 44 | protection spell | 26 |
ie spell | 26 | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "spell"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | begogelsing (delusion, illusion), begoëlsing (delusion, illusion). (various references) | |
Albanian | shqiptoj fjalë-fjalë, shkruaj gërmë-gërmë, magji (bewitchment, black magic, cantrip, conjuration, enchantment, glamor, glamour, hex, incantation, magic, medicine, necromancy, pishogue, sorcery, witchcraft, witchery, wizardry), formulë magjike (Abracadabra), fjalë magjike (incantation, juju, spelt). (various references) | |
Arabic | فتنة (appeal, attraction, disorder, glamor, glamour, seduction, temptation, trial), فترة (epoch, era, interval, period, phase, qualifying period, season, stage, term, time, while), نومة خفيفة (snooze), قرأ ببطء يتهجى, وضح (accentuate, clarify, clear up, define, elucidate, explain, illuminate, illustrate, light, lighten, puzzle out, ravel out, represent, state), تهجى, تناوب العمل, تعلم التهجئة, سحر (attractiveness, bedevil, bewitch, bewitchment, catch, charm, conjure, diablerie, enamor, enamour, enchantment, fascinate, fascination, glamor, glamour, incantation, infatuation, loveliness, magic, magnetize, matinee, mesmerize, necromancy, overlook, pleasantness, prestige, quaintness, ravishment, relish, smite, sorcery, spellbind, temptation, weirdness, witch, witchcraft, witchery, wiz, wizardry, zest), إستراح فترة, رقية (charm, exorcism, incantation), دوخة (dizziness, vertigo). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | сменям (alternate, change, change off, change round, exchange, interchange, relay, shift, swap, switch over to, throw, transfer), работя нещо на смени, чар (allure, allurement, attraction, bewitchment, charm, enticement, fascination, glamor, glamour, loveliness, lure, magic, magnetism, wizardry), омая (charm), означавам (amount, bespeak, betoken, connotate, denote, imply, import, indicate, intend, involve, mean, purport, represent, signify, typify), образувам дума, заклинание (adjuration, charm, conjuration, exorcism, incantation, invocation, obtestation, paternoster), предвещавам (adumbrate, augur, betoken, bode, forerun, foreshadow, portend, presage, prognosticate, shadow, threaten), правя нещо на смени, правя почивка, период (age, circle, cycle, date, epoch, period, phase, repetend, season, term, time), пиша дума буква по буква, изричам дума буква по буква, довеждам до (bring about, lead). (various references) | |
Chinese | 陣 (burst, disposition of troops, short period, spate, wave), 頓 (a time, bout, jerk, meal, stop), 拼 (join together, piece together, stake), 咒语. (various references) | |
Czech | hláskovat. (various references) | |
Danish | stave (stake, stanchion, stave, stay). (various references) | |
Dutch | spellen (spelling). (various references) | |
Esperanto | sorĉinfluo, literumi, ensorĉo (delusion). (various references) | |
Farsi | پی بردن به (Infer, Trace), هجی کردن , حمله ناخوشی , حمله (Access, Assault, Attack, Charge, Inroad, Offense, Offensive, Onrush, Onset, Onslaught, Rush, Sally, Venue), سحر (Charm, Incantation, Magic, Wizardry), طلسم کردن (Glamorize), طلسم (Abracadabra, Amulet, Charm, Glamor, Glamour, Incantation, Juju, Ligature, Talisman), خواندن (Intone, Invite, Read, Reading), جذابیت (Grace), جادو (Glamor, Glamour, Incantation, Magic, Talisman, Weird, Wizard), افسون 2 (Glamour, Incantation, Juju), املاء کردن , دل کسی رابردن , درست نوشتن . (various references) | |
Finnish | tavata (catch, come across, come upon, encounter, happen upon, meet, run into, see, to meet), taika (charm, magic, witchcraft), puuska (attack, bout, gust), lumous (charm, enchantment), loitsu (charm, incantation). (various references) | |
French | sortilège, se relayer, incantation, épelent, épeler (spelling), épelez, épellation (spelling), épelons, apprendre à épeler, charme, écrire, expliquer bien, vertige, moment, orthographier, période, petite sieste, reposer un peu, tour, ensorceler (spellbind). (various references) | |
Frisian | staverje. (various references) | |
German | Zauber (charm, delusion, enchantment, incantation, magic, sorcery, witchcraft, witchery, wizardry), richtig schreiben (spelled, spelt), buchstabieren (alphabetize, spell out, to spell), bann (anathema, ban, charm, excommunication, jinx). (various references) | |
Greek | συλλαβίζω (syllabize). (various references) | |
Hebrew | למלא מקום (fill in, relieve, replace, sub, substitute), לומר (put in, say, state, tell), לאית (spell out), לאבגד, לכשף (bewitch, charm, enchant), להיות פרושו, תורנות (orderly turn, service by rotation, turn of duty), קסם (allure, charm, divination, enchantment, fascination, glamor, glamour, magic, witchcraft), פרק זמן (period, space), כשוף (bewitched, enchanted, enchantment, incantation, magic, sorcery, witchcraft, witchery), הקסמה (appeal, attraction, charm, fascination). (various references) | |
Hungarian | varázslat (black art, charm, enchantment, glamor, glamour, hex, magic, medicine, sorcery, witchcraft), rövid időszak, bűvige, forduló (lap, leg, round, trip, turn, turning, twist), idő (period, time, weather), időszak (cycle, dwell, season, term, time, tract, tract of time), időtartam (duration, period, span, term, time, tract), műszak (shift), bűbáj (charm, glamor, glamour, hex, witchcraft), rövid idő (while), szakasz (area, break, chapter, compartment, par, paragraph, passage, period, phase, platoon, plt, section, sector, sqn, squadron, stadium), szakmány, turnus (shift, turn), váltás (change, relay, relief, shift, turn, turnout), varázs (allurement, appeal, attraction, blandishments, charisma, enchantment, enthralment, fascination, lure, seduction), varázsige (Abracadabra, incantation), munkaszakasz. (various references) | |
Icelandic | stafa. (various references) | |
Indonesian | musim (season), mengeja, jampi (incantation, magic formula), eja, ajian (charm, magical formula), aji (charm, magical formula). (various references) | |
Irish | scaitheamh (while). (various references) | |
Italian | compitare (spell out). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 陀羅尼 (dharani, litany, Sanskrit multi-syllabic chant), 続き (continuation, second series, sequel, succession), スペックル干渉計 (cum, semen, sparing, special purpose, speckle interferometer, spelling, spelunker, spencer jacket, sperm, spoke, spokesman, spokesperson, spokeswoman, sport, sports car, sports center, sports club, sports drink, sports event, sports fair, sports programmer, sports shoes, sports test, sports trainer, sportscaster, sportsman, sportsmanship, sportswear, sportswoman, sportswriter, superiority complex), 呪縛 (curse), 呪文 (charm, incantation). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | つづき (continuation, second series, sequel, succession), スペル , じゅばく (curse), じゅもん (charm, incantation), だらに (dharani, litany, Sanskrit multi-syllabic chant). (various references) | |
Korean | 주문. (various references) | |
Manx | tammylt (space, span, time, way, way distance, while), shayll (bout of work, innings, piece of work, rotating, share, stint, trick, turn), pishag (charm, incantation), oalys (cognizance, instinct, science), lettraghey (spelling), guess (soothsayer, taboo), grash (bout, bout of work, spurt, turn, turn of work), garrey (bout of work, gallop, impetus, lap, rubber, stint, trick, turn). (various references) | |
Norwegian | stave. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ellspay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | soletrar. (various references) | |
Romanian | silabisi (syllabify, syllabize), scrie ortografic, scrie literã cu literã, scrie corect, scrie (be spelt, compose, create, flourish, inscribe, produce, write), schimbare a gãrzii, schimb (barter, change, compensation, exchange, I change, pair, relay, relief, return, shift, substitute, swap, swop, truck), repaus (easy, quiet, repose, rest, sleep, truce), descifra greu, echipã (gang, group, relay, set, side, squad, team), farmec (allurement, amenity, appeal, attraction, attractiveness, charm, delight, enchantment, endearment, enticement, fascination, glamor, glamour, grace, loveliness, lure, relish, salt, seduction, sex appeal, spicery, witchery), fascinaţie (fascination, glamor, glamour), fermeca (allure, bedevil, bewitch, captivate, carry, cast a spell upon, charm, conjure, enamor, enamour, enchant, enrapture, enravish, enthral, entrance, fascinate, fetch, lure, smite, spellbind, take), interpreta (act, construe, explain, expound, interpret, paraphrase, play, read, render, represent, take, translate), interval de timp (period, stretch), ortografia, pauzã (break, interlude, intermission, interruption, interval, lull, pause, recess, respite, rest, rule, stand, stop, truce), însemna (badge, be, betoken, brand, chalk out, connote, denote, dint, excoriate, imply, import, item, jot down, mark off, mean, note, record, scotch, signify, stand, tick), rãstimp (duration, interregnum, interval, space, time, while), vrajã (allurement, charm, enchantment, glamor, glamour, incantation, relish, witchery), tipãri corect, vrãji (allure, bedevil, bewitch, cast a glamour over, cast a spell upon, charm, enchant, enrapture, entrance, fascinate, glamor, glamour, lure, spellbind), pronunţa (articulate, deliver, form, give, give forth, pass, pronounce, say, sound, speak, utter, vocalize). (various references) | |
Russian | читать по складам (spell out), время (amount of time, close season, closed season, cockcrow, cock-crow, morrow, period, time, time-of-day, while), намекать (allude, hint, insinuate, tip off), называть по буквам, период (continuance, date, day, period, phase, season, stage, tide, time), писать по буквам. (various references) | |
Scottish | geas. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | spelovati, vreme (epoch, season, tense, time, weather), vradžbina (charm, obi, pishogue, sorcery, theurgy), urok, prolazan napad bolesti, pisati (pen, write), kratko vreme (awhile, wee), bajalica (sorcerer), čarolija (black magic, enchantment, magic). (various references) | |
Sicilian | alfarbetari (to spell). (various references) | |
Spanish | deletrear (decipher, spell out). (various references) | |
Swedish | stava, bokstavera. (various references) | |
Turkish | sihir (charm, conjuration, enchantment, fascination, glamor, glamour, incantation, magic, sorcery, sortilege, witchery), sıra (alignment, arrangement, array, bench, desk, file, form, linage, line, occasion, order, ordinal, place, progression, queue, range, rank, row, sequence, series, settle, slot, succession, tier, train, turn), hecelemek (articulate, spell out, syllabicate, syllabify, syllabize, syllable), çekıcilik, afsun (charm, incantation), alımlılık (attraction, charm, comeliness), anlamına gelmek (add up, add up to, amount, be, connote, imply, infer, mean, purport, read, signify, stand for), büyü (charm, enchantment, fascination, glamor, glamour, hex, hoodoo, incantation, magic, maya, medicine, romance, sorcery, sortilege, the black art, voodoo, witchcraft, witchery), büyüleme (allure, allurement, captivation, casting a spell, enchantment, enthrallment, enthralment), büyülemek (allure, bedazzle, beguile, bewitch, captivate, cast a spell on, catch up, charm, conjure, daze, dazzle, enamor, enamour, enchant, enthral, enthrall, entrance, fascinate, glamor, glamorize, glamour, hypnotize, inthral, spellbind, voodoo, witch), büyülenme (being captivated, entrancement), dönem (circle, date, day, epoch, period, semester, session, term), çalışma sırası, etkilemek (affect, cast a spell on, catch up, concern, dictate, enamor, enamour, enthral, enthrall, glamor, glamour, grip, impinge, impress, imprint, influence, inthral, lead, militate, operate, prepossess, reach, smite, spellbind, sway, thrill, touch, turn, turn smb.'s head), yerine çalışmak (stand in, stand in for), imlâsını yazmak, kısa mesafe (piece), kısa süre (piece, short notice, short time, snatch, span, streak), kriz (acme, attack, bout, conjuncture, crisis, fit, ictus, invasion, paroxysm), nöbet (attack, bout, guard duty, ictus, invasion, paroxysm, police, post, sentry, sentry go, tour, turn, turn of duty, turn of work, watch), nöbetini devretmek, tılsım (amulet, charm, talisman), vardiya (job rotation, relay, shift, turn of work, watch), diye okunmak. (various references) | |
Turkmen | konkretleюdirmek (r) (make specific, spell out), jadylamak (cast a spell). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | строк (date, day, hour, term), розбирати (analyse, analyze, decipher, decompose, demount, disassemble, disjoint, dismantle, dissect, overhaul), чари (bewitchment, cantrip, charm, fascination, glamor, glamour), змінюватися (alter, change, relay, veer), зміняти, зміна (alteration, alternation, casting, change, mutation, relay, revolution, shift, take over, turnover, variance), зачаровувати (allure, beguile, bewitch, dazzle, enamor, enamour, enchant, entrance, fascinate, glamor, glamour, philter, philtre), заклинання (adjuration, charm, conjuration, exorcism, incantation, mantra, paternoster), період (age, cycle, date, day, hour, period), передихнути, писати по літерах. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | sức quyến rũ (allure, alluringness, lurchingly, magnetism, witchery), lời thần chú bùa mê sự làm say mê, đợt (course). (various references) | |
Welsh | swyn (charm, fascination, magic), sillafu, sbel (bout), rhaib (greed, rapacity), hoe (rest), daliad (holding, tenet), cyfaredd (charm). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | nam-ub, u. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | cantatio, cantionum, devotione, incantatio, incantationes, incantationibus. (various references) |
| Sanskrit | 300 BCE-Modern | mantra-s. (various references) |
| Scottish | 1300-Modern | gramarye. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 2, Verse 41 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Oi men oun asmenwV apodexamenoi ton logon autou ebaptisqhsan kai proseteqhsan th hmera ekeinh yucai wsei trisciliai |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Qui ergo receperunt sermonem eius baptizati sunt et adpositae sunt in illa die animae circiter tria milia |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Þas þe his spell onfengon wæron gefulwod and ymb ðrieþusend sawla wurdon him on þæm ilcan dæge geeacod. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Thanne thei that resseyueden his word weren baptisid, and in that dai soulis weren encreesid, aboute thre thousinde; |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Then they that gladly receaved his preachynge were baptised: and the same daye ther were added vnto them aboute thre thousande soules. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Then they that gladly received his word, were baptized: and the same day there were added to them about three thousand souls. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Then those who gave hearing to his words had baptism: and about three thousand souls were joined to them that day. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Acts Chapter 2, Verse 41 |
| Albanian | Dhe ata që e pranuan fjalën e tij me gëzim, u pagëzuan; atë ditë u shtuan rreth tre mijë veta. |
| Cebuano | Ug unya gibautismohan kadtong mga misagop sa iyang pulong, ug niadtong adlawa may mga tulo ka libo ka mga tawo nga nahidugang kanila. |
| Chinese | 於 是 領 受 他 話 的 人 、 就 受 了 洗 ． 那 一 天 、 門 徒 約 添 了 三 千 人 ． |
| Croatian | I oni prigrliše rijeè njegovu i krstiše se te im se u onaj dan pridruži oko tri tisuæe duša. |
| Danish | De, som nu toge imod hans Ord, bleve døbte; og der føjedes samme Dag omtrent tre Tusinde Sjæle til. |
