Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Sod |
SodNoun1. Surface layer of ground containing a matt of grass and grass roots. 2. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen; "oxygen free radicals are normally removed in our bodies by the superoxide dismutase enzymes". 3. Someone who engages in anal copulation (especially a male who engages in anal copulation with another male). 4. (British) "the poor sod couldn't even buy a drink". Verb1. Cover with sod. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "sod" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Note: Sod \Sod\, transitive verb. [imperfect & past participle. Sodden; Sodding.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Food & Agriculture | To cover with sod (many gullies on the ridge have been sodded with grass). Source: European Union. (references) |
| A surface layer of soil matted or held together by roots, rhizomes and stolons of grasses and other herbs ; sliced section of soil with grass and roots intact. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The enzyme superoxide dismutase , or SOD, catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide:
There are at least three forms of superoxide dismutase in nature. Human erythrocytes contain an SOD enzyme with divalent copper and divalent zinc (bovine erythrocyte: PDB 1SXA, EC 1.15.1.1). Chicken liver mitochondria and E. coli contain a form with trivalent manganese (human mitochondrion: PDB 1ABM, EC 1.15.1.1). E. coli also contains a form of the enzyme with trivalent iron ( PDB 1ISA, EC 1.15.1.1). The Cu-Zn enzyme is a dimer of molecular weight 32,500. The two subunits are joined by a disulfide bond.
- Cu+2-SOD + O2- → Cu+1-SOD + O2
- Cu+1-SOD + O2- + 2H+ → Cu+2-SOD + H2O2.
Although the enzyme isn't especially fast relative to the spontaneous dismutation of superoxide, the ability of the enzyme to provide some protection to organisms is shown by the existence of a motor neuron disease in individuals who have point mutations in SOD and by the finding that the absence of SOD may lead to a form of anemia.
A short but substantive overview of SOD and its literature can be found here.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Superoxide dismutase."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SOD | Dutch | Superoxyde-dismutase | N/A |
SOD | English | Special Operation Division | N/A |
SOD | Finnish | Superoksididismutaasi | Medicine |
SOD | French | Superoxyde dismutase | Medicine |
SOD | Italian | Superossido dismutasi | Medicine |
SOD | Spanish | Superóxido dismutasa | Medicine |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: SodSynonyms: bugger (n), greensward (n), sodomist (n), sodomite (n), superoxide dismutase (n), sward (n), turf (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Interment | Adverb: in memoriam; post obit, post mortem; beneath the sod. |
Plain | Meadow, mead, haugh, pasturage, park, field, lawn, green, plat, plot, grassplat, greensward, sward, turf, sod, heather; lea, ley, lay; grounds; maidan, agostadero. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Sod |
| English words defined with "sod": adobe house ♦ bunch grass, bunchgrass ♦ Gazon ♦ igloo, iglu ♦ sod house, soddy. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "sod": CEMETERY WORKER ♦ Diazinon, Ditch-in-front, ditch-in-rear, ditch both sides, dumped fill ♦ FARM-MACHINE OPERATOR ♦ GARDEN WORKER, gardener-florist, Gossypia ♦ Horticultural specialty crops ♦ No Till ♦ placed sod lining. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "sod": soddy. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Sod" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. Scottish (an awkward person, noise of boiling water). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Sod Sisters (1969) How to Be a Little Sod (1995) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | A native Aleut village at Karluk. Sod houses serve as insulation against the cold. F&WS 14,664. Credit: America's Coastlines. | ![]() | No-till farmers from Jackson County inspect corn planted no-till into sod. Credit: Gene Alexander. |
![]() | Sod House Remains on Tundra. Credit: Alaska Historical Image Library. | ![]() | St. Makarius, Amchitka Island Sod House Remains. Credit: Alaska Historical Image Library. |
![]() | Sections, west elevation, entry details, window details. Measured drawing delineated by W.C. Yanike, March 1934. (Reproduction Number: HABS NE-35-10, sheet 2 of 2; negative number LC-USZA3-34) Many early white settlers in the Western plains built sod-block houses such as this one because they could not afford lumber. Some sod houses had dirt floors, sod walls that sprouted grass in the summer, and roofs of tree branches covered with more sod. Others had wooden roofs and floors and plaster walls. All needed frequent repairs, and few lasted longer than fifty years. Gustav Rohrich, an Austrian-born farmer, built this two-room house with an attached cellar in 1883 for his young family. He was still living in the house when these drawings were made in 1934. At that time, he was eighty-five years old and his well-maintained house was the last "soddy" standing in the township. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | [Details of the construction of a sod house roof]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
![]() | [A sod building, Harbin]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. | ![]() | The only remaining sod school house in Decatur County, Kansas. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Breaking sod on the range for a crop of crested wheat grass, Madison County, Montana. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Sod houses. Alliance, Nebraska. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Treatment for SOD is symptomatic. (references) | |
The optical problems associated with SOD are generally not treatable. (references) | ||
The prognosis for individuals with SOD varies according to the presence and severity of symptoms. (references) | ||
Human Rights | Liberia | In August three SOD officers were arrested and charged with involvement in the incident; they remained in detention at year's end. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Sod" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 62.65% of the time. "Sod" is used about 423 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 62.65% | 265 | 18,112 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 25.06% | 106 | 31,637 |
| Noun (proper) | 7.8% | 33 | 60,273 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 4.49% | 19 | 80,337 |
| Total | 100.00% | 423 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
1. Sod, WV |
Expressions using "sod": beneath the sod ♦ placed sod lining ♦ sod grass ♦ sod house ♦ sod it! ♦ sod off! ♦ sod oil ♦ sod runway ♦ sod seeding ♦ under the sod. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "sod": sod-all, sod-built, sod-the-brewer. | |
Ending with "sod": Zn-sod. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
sod | 1,166 | install sod | 24 |
sod cutter | 193 | cost sod | 24 |
laying sod | 157 | care new sod | 23 |
sod farm | 139 | new sod | 22 |
sod grass | 108 | sod western | 22 |
sod installation | 75 | sod watering | 22 |
sod price | 71 | arizona sod | 20 |
lay sod | 70 | florida sod | 20 |
planting sod | 58 | farm michigan sod | 20 |
marathon sod | 51 | sod web worm | 20 |
sod care | 51 | calgary sod | 19 |
dolly sod | 50 | sod farming | 19 |
lawn sod | 50 | southland sod | 17 |
installing sod | 45 | new sod watering | 15 |
sod super | 37 | cutter rental sod | 14 |
bermuda sod | 37 | sod webworms | 14 |
the sod house | 34 | bob sod | 14 |
zoysia sod | 30 | plant sod | 14 |
st augustine sod | 29 | sod type | 13 |
pacific sod | 28 | sod cutting | 13 |
diclofenac sod | 26 | removal sod | 13 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "sod"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | vend me bar, pederast (bugger, fag, pederast, queer, sodomite). (various references) | |
Arabic | حقير (abject, base, beggarly, blackguardly, cheap, despicable, dingy, dirty, frowzy, grubby, ignoble, inferior, insignificant, lousy, low, low down, lowly, mean, menial, niggling, paltry, pettifogger, petty, pip squeak, pitiable, pitiful, poor, popinjay, rotten, scabby, scaly, scoundrelly, scruffy, scummy, scurvy, servile, shabby, shoddy, slavish, slim, slushy, small minded, snide, squalid, swine, tacky, trifling, ungracious, unworthy, varmint, vile, villainous, worthless, wretched), أحمق (ass, barmy, berk, bonkers, brutish, childish, chuckle-head, chump, cuckoo, daft, empty, empty headed, fantastic, fat, fathead, fatuous, foolish, footless, goofy, goon, haywire, idiotic, impolitic, imprudent, indiscreet, inept, injudicious, insensate, jerk, lemon, mad, meaningless, nit, nitwit, nonsensical, numskull, ornery, oyster, perverse, pointless, prat, screwball, senseless, stupid, unwise, vacant, wacky, weak, weak-minded, whacky, witless, wood-headed, zany), أبله (asinine, ass, brainless, coot, cuckoo, daw, dense, dim witted, dullard, fatuous, feeble minded, gaga, gawky, goofy, half-witted, idiotic, imbecile, lemon, mad, patsy, screwed, sheepish, silly, sodden, softy, soppy, stick in the mud, stupid, vacant, vacuous, wood-headed). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | чим (sward, turf), мръсник (bugger, cad, cuntface, heel, stinkard), педераст (bugger, fag, faggot, fagot, homosexual, pansy, pederast, pouf, quean, queen, queer, sodomite, swish), пакостник (imp, mischievous, monkey, naughty, rascal, rogue, varmint). (various references) | |
Chinese | 草皮 (turf, Turfs), 草地 (lawn, meadow, turf). (various references) | |
Czech | drn (greensward, sward, turf). (various references) | |
Danish | sodolie (moellon, natural degras, sod oil), såning (direct drilling, direct seeding, seeding, sod seeding, sowing), plovlegeme til grønjordspløjning (grassland body, ley body, match body, plow bottom for sod and clay), naturlig degras (moellon, natural degras, sod oil), moellon (moellon, natural degras, sod oil), kompletteringssaaning (interseeding, intersowing, sod seeding), graesmoel (grassmoth, lawn moth, sod webworm, webworm), graesbevoksede vandloeb (grassed waterways, sod waterways), direkte såning (direct drilling, direct seeding, sod seeding). (various references) | |
Dutch | zode (sod of grass, turf), graszode (sod of grass, turf). (various references) | |
Esperanto | gazonero (sod of grass, turf). (various references) | |
Finnish | turve (peat, turf). (various references) | |
French | salaud, motte, gazon, couillon, con. (various references) | |
German | scheißkerl (bastard, bugger, heel, stinker), saukerl (bastard, hog, yahoo), sau (bitch, dirty swine, hog, pig, sow, wild boar), sack (bag, bastard, bursa, pocket, poke, pouch, sac, sack, sackful), Rasenstück, Rasen (belt, career, court, dash, field, grass, green, hurtle, lawn, lawns, pitch, power, race, rage, raging, rave, scorch, spin along, sward, tear, to rave, to rush, turf, turfs), grassode (turf), fiesling (bastard, slob), arsch (anus, arse, arseBrit, ass, backside, bastard, bugger, bum, butt, Fanny, prick, rump, wanker). (various references) | |
Greek | βώλοσ (bolus, loaf, lump), παλούκι (pale, peg, picket, pile, pole, stake, stick), χώμα μετά ρίζων, χλοοτάπητασ. (various references) | |
Hebrew | פסת עשב". (various references) | |
Hungarian | gyep (green, lawn, sward, turf, turves). (various references) | |
Irish | fód. (various references) | |
Italian | zolla erbosa (sward, turf), canaglia (bounder, rascal, reprobate, riffraff, scamp, scoundrel, villain). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 芝草 (lawn, turf), 芝 (lawn, turf), 平芝 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しばくさ (lawn, turf), しば (brushwood, firewood, lawn, turf), ひらしば. (various references) | |
Korean | 떼 (Herd). (various references) | |
Manx | scrah (green sod, scraw, turf), foyn (greensward), foaid (block of peat, divot, turf), ceau ceabbyn. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | odsay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sodomita (sodomite), torrão de relva, céspede. (various references) | |
Romanian | pãmânt (acre, all over the world, clay, clod, country, dirt, earth, estate, Glebe, ground, land, Mold, mould, property, region, soil, territory, throughout the world), gazon (grass, greensward, sward, turf), brazdã cu iarbã, acoperi cu iarbã verde. (various references) | |
Russian | дерн (divot, greensward, turf). (various references) | |
Scottish | sgrath (outer skin or rind, turf), fòid (clod, peat, turf). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | travnjak (herbage, lawn, sward), busen (clod, cluster, greensward, turf). (various references) | |
Spanish | césped (grass, green, greensward, lawn, sward, turf). (various references) | |
Swedish | grästorv (sward, turf). (various references) | |
Thai | หญ้าบริเว"ผิว"ิน. (various references) | |
Turkish | oğlancı (bugger, paederast, pederast, sodomite), ibne (catamite, fag, faggot, fagot, fruit, queer, swish), homoseksüellik (being gay, homosexuality, inversion, pederasty, sodomy), homoseksüel (camp, fruit, gay, homo, homoerotic, homophile, homosexual, invert, pederast, poof, queen, queer, sodomite, swish), herif (blighter, bloke, bozo, bugger, Buster, cove, cuss, customer, Dick, dog, fellow, guy, Johnny, josser, mug, stooge, varlet), çimle kaplamak, çimen (bent, bent grass, divot, grass, greensward, lawn, meadow grass, sward, turf), çim (grass, lawn, sward, swarded, turf). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | земля (earth, ground, land, mould, shore, soil, territory, universe), дерен (divot, grass, greensward, sward, turf). (various references) | |
Welsh | tywarchen (turf). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | humus. (various references) |
| Middle Dutch | 1100-1500 | sode. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 25, Verse 29 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Hyhsen de iakwb eyema hlqen de hsau ek tou pediou ekleipwn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Coxit autem Iacob pulmentum ad quem cum venisset Esau de agro lassus |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Jacob forsothe hadde sothun potage; to whom whan Esau was comen wery fro the felde, seith, |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Iacob sod potage and Esau came from the feld and was faine |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And Jacob sod pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint: |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And Jacob boiled pottage: and Esau came from the field, and he was faint. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And one day Jacob was cooking some soup when Esau came in from the fields in great need of food; |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 25, Verse 29 |
| Cebuano | Ug nagluto si Jacob ug sud-an nga sinabawan; ug mipauli si Esau gikan sa kapatagan ug gikapuyan siya: |
| Croatian | Jednom Jakov kuhaše jelo. Ezav stigne s polja, gladan. |
| Danish | Jakob havde engang kogt en Ret Mad, da Esau udmattet kom hjem fra Marken. |
| Dutch | En Jakob had een kooksel gekookt; en Ezau kwam uit het veld, en was moede. |
| Finnish | Kerran, kun Jaakob oli keittänyt itselleen keiton, tuli Eesau kedolta nälästä nääntyneenä. |
| French | Comme Jacob faisait cuire un potage, Ésaü revint des champs, accablé de fatigue. |
| German | Und Jakob kochte ein Gericht. Da kam Esau vom Felde und war müde |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Pada suatu hari ketika Yakub sedang memasak sayur kacang merah, datanglah Esau dari perburuannya. Ia lapar. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Hata, pada sekali peristiwa Yakub telah merebus suatu rebusan, maka datanglah Esaf dari padang dengan lelahnya. |
| Maori | ¶ Na ka kohuatia he kai e Hakopa, a ka haere mai a Ehau i te koraha, a e hemo ana ia: |
| Norwegian | Engang da Jakob holdt på å koke en velling, kom Esau hjem fra marken og var rent opgitt. |
| Rumanian | Odatq, pe cknd ferbea Iacov o ciorbq, Esau s`a kntors dela ckmp, rupt de obosealq. |
| Swedish | En gång, då Jakob höll på att koka något till soppa, kom Esau hem från marken, uppgiven av hunger. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "sod": soda, sodaless, sodalist, sodalists, sodalite, sodalites, sodalities, sodality, sodamide, sodamides, sodas, sodbuster, sodbusters, sodded, sodden, soddened, soddening, soddenly, soddenness, soddennesses, soddens, soddies, sodding, soddy, sodic, sodium, sodiums, sodom, sodomies, sodomist, sodomists, sodomite, sodomites, sodomitic, sodomitical, sodomize, sodomized, sodomizes, sodomizing, sodoms, sodomy, sods. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "sod": resod. (additional references) | |
Words containing "sod": chordamesoderm, chordamesodermal, chordamesoderms, episode, episodes, episodic, episodical, episodically, isodiametric, isodose, mesoderm, mesodermal, mesoderms, perissodactyl, perissodactyls, prosodic, prosodical, prosodically, prosodies, prosodist, prosodists, prosody, resodded, resodding, resods, rhapsode, rhapsodes, rhapsodic, rhapsodical, rhapsodically, rhapsodies, rhapsodist, rhapsodists, rhapsodize, rhapsodized, rhapsodizes, rhapsodizing, rhapsody, vasodilatation, vasodilatations, vasodilation, vasodilations, vasodilator, vasodilators. (additional references) | |
| |
"Sod" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: eod, sadc, sadd, sadu, sbodn, scod, sd, sdr, sdt, sebd, sed, shdd, sid, sidh, sjord, skd, skod, sld, slod, slood, smd, smod, smood, sode, Sodhi, sodi, sodo, sody, soed, sof, soid, soj, sood, soq, sor, sov, soyd, soz, spod, srod, sso, stod, sud, sudo, syd, vod, yod, Ysd, zod, zodd, zodo, zood, zoyd, zud, zudd. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "sod" (pronounced sÄ"d) |
| 3 | s Ä" d | facade. |
| 2 | -Ä" d | Ballade, cod, esplanade, God, nod, odd, plod, pod, prod, quad, rod, roughshod, scrod, shod, squad, Tod, trod, wad. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: dos, ods. | |
| Words within the letters "d-o-s" | |
-1 letter: do, od, os, so. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-o-s" | |
+1 letter: ados, bods, cods, docs, does, dogs, dols, doms, dons, dors, dose, doss, dost, dots, dows, duos, gods, hods, mods, nods, odds, odes, olds, ouds, pods, rods, shod, soda, sods, sold, sord, tods, udos, yods. | |
+2 letters: adios, apods, bodes, bolds, bonds, clods, codas, codes, coeds, colds, cords, dados, dagos, datos, decos, demos, dhows, didos, diols, dipso, disco, doats, docks, dodos, doers, doest, doffs, doges, doits, dojos, doles, dolls, dolts, domes, donas, dongs, donsy, dooms, doors, dopas, dopes, dorks, dorms, dorps, dorrs, dorsa, dosed, doser, doses, dotes, doums, douse, doves, downs, dowse, dozes, drops, dross, duros, eidos, fados, feods, fidos, folds, fonds, foods, fords, goads, golds, goods, gowds, holds, hoods, hosed, idols, judos, kudos, lidos, loads, lodes, lords, misdo, modes, modus, molds, moods, nodes, nodus, nosed, odist, odors, odyls, ordos, oxids, plods, ponds, poods, posed, prods, quods, redos, resod, roads, roods, rosed, sarod, scold, scrod, scudo, shoed, sloid, slojd, sloyd, snood, sodas, soddy, sodic, sodom, soldi, soldo, soled, solid, sonde, sords, sound, sowed, spado, spode, stood, sudor, sword, synod, toads, updos, voids, woads, wolds, woods, words, yodhs. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Cities 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Translations: Ancient 15. Bible Trace 16. Abbreviations | 17. Acronyms 18. Derivations 19. Rhymes 20. Anagrams | 21. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.