Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Socialism |
SocialismNoun1. A political theory advocating state ownership of industry. 2. An economic system based on state ownership of capital. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "socialism" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1861. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Health | A system of government in which means of production and distribution of goods are controlled by the state. (references) |
Literature | Socialism (3 syl.). The political and social scheme of Robert Owen, of Montgomeryshire, who in 1816 published a work to show that society was in a wretched condition, and all its institutions and religious systems were based on wrong principles. The prevailing system is competition, but Owen maintained that the proper principle is co-operation; he therefore advocated a community of property and the abolition of degrees of rank. (1771-1858.) The Socialists are called also Owenites (3 syl.). In France the Fourierists and St. Simonians are similar sorts of communists, who receive their designations from Fourier and St. Simon (q.v.). Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Since the 19th century, socialist ideas have developed and separated into many streams, including anarchism, syndicalism, democratic socialism, evolutionary socialism, fabianism, Marxism, Leninism or Communism, Trotskyism, Maoism, Castroism, African socialism and Arab socialism. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, socialist thought has been in a deep crisis, and most formerly socialist parties have abandoned key socialist ideas. By the end of the 20th century, many critics of socialism were confidently predicting its demise.
The German National Socialist Party advocated Nationalsozialismus; likewise, other fascist parties have also used the word socialist in their names. However: "By majority consent of both socialists and non-socialists, National Socialism (Nazism) and kindred movements are not considered to be socialist." (Salvadori) Despite Salvadori's statement, some right-wing groups (which wish to discredit socialism) do refer to Nazism as being socialist.
This article continues at:
History of Socialism
See also:
References
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Socialism."
Synonym: SocialismSynonym: socialist economy (n). (additional references) |
| Antonym: capitalism (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Government | Monarchy; kinghood, kingship; royalty, regality; aristarchy, aristocracy; oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, demagogy; commonwealth; dominion; heteronomy; republic, republicanism; socialism; collectivism; mob law, mobocracy, ochlocracy; vox populi, imperium in imperio; bureaucracy; beadledom, bumbledom; stratocracy; military power, military government, junta; feodality, feudal system, feudalism. |
Democracy, republicanism; communism, statism, state socialism; socialism; conservatism, toryism; liberalism, whigism; theocracy; constitutional monarchy. | |
Participation | Noun: participation; cotenancy, joint tenancy; occupancy in common, possession in common, tenancy in common; joint stock, common stock; co-partnership, partnership; communion; community of possessions, community of goods; communism, socialism; cooperation. |
Philanthropy | Common weal; socialism, communism, Fourierism, |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Socialism |
| English words defined with "socialism": Antisocialist ♦ change state, communism ♦ Fabian Society, Fabianism ♦ -ism, -ist ♦ national socialism, national socialist, Nazi, Naziism, Nazism ♦ Paul Bustill Robeson, Paul Robeson ♦ Robeson ♦ social democracy, Social Democratic Party, socialist, Socialist Labor Party, Socialist Party, socialistic ♦ trot, Trotskyist, Trotskyite, turn ♦ utopian socialism. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "socialism": GRAPESHOT ♦ Individualists ♦ National Fund of the Republic of Austria for victims of national socialism ♦ SHAW. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Socialism" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Romanian (socialism), Swedish (socialism). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I wish humankind would create such altruistic virtues, but sometimes I think socialism may never be realized. (Angels & Insects; writing credit: A.S. Byatt; Belinda Haas) Now that the Jewish mania for destruction has shown itself in the deeds of those aerial pirates even the weak and cowardly among us have realised that National Socialism is our peoples greatest and only hope. (Aimée & Jaguar; writing credit: Erica Fischer; Max Frberböck) It's socialism in action - not like the army back home. (Land and Freedom; writing credit: Jim Allen) It's on European socialism. I mean, honestly, what's the point? (Ferris Bueller's Day Off; writing credit: John Hughes) | |
Clever | Under capitalism man exploits man; under socialism the reverse is true. (references; author: Polish Proverb) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Builders of Socialism (1935) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Periodicals |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Pentru socialism si pace votati Frontul Unitatii Socialiste. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | It is sufficient to recall that in our present historical situation ... there are only two possible paths for an independent nation--to return to imperialist domination ... or take the way of socialism. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Without revolution, socialism cannot develop. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Socialism advances in victory everywhere. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | In Italy we become feminists this way ... we claim that there is no socialism without feminism. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Advance youths : march with PYO for unity, socialism, liberation : the struggle goes on : join PYO now!. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Stop! attacking the workers : onward to Socialism. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | May Day pledge--stop! compulsory arbitration : P.P.P. onward to Socialism. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Progressive Youth Organisation, 25th Anniversary Conference for youth rights, democracy, and socialism : Enmore, E.C.D., 3, 4 September, 1977. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
August Bebel | Anti-Semitism is the Socialism of fools. |
| When Socialism comes into power, the Roman Church will advocate Socialism with the same vigor it is now favoring feudalism and slavery. | |
Jules Renard | Socialism must come down from the brain and reach the heart. |
Oscar Wilde | To make men Socialists is nothing, but to make Socialism human is a great thing. |
Polish Proverb | Under capitalism man exploits man; under socialism the reverse is true. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | Thus arose petty-bourgeois Socialism. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | The Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS), which is the successor party to the SED (the communist party of the former German Democratic Republic). (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Korea | An article in the KWP newspaper in 1999 criticized "imperialists and reactionaries" for trying to use ideological and cultural infiltration, including religion, to destroy socialism from within. (references) |
Cuba | However, in 2000 the Government began implementing a program called "Broadening of Culture" that ties art, socialism, and modern "revolutionary" ideology and legends into its own vision of culture. (references) | |
Cuba | The Constitution provides for the granting of asylum to individuals persecuted "for their ideals or struggles for democratic rights against imperialism, fascism, colonialism, and neocolonialism; against discrimination and racism; for national liberation; for the rights of workers, peasants, and students; for their progressive political, scientific, artistic, and literary activities; and for socialism and peace." However, the Government has no formal mechanism to process asylum for foreign nationals. (references) | |
Economic History | Syria | The Ba'ath Party emphasizes socialism and secular Arabism. (references) |
Croatia | Fifty-two percent thought that corruption was more widespread currently than under socialism. (references) | |
Syria | Since August 1990, however, the party has tended to de-emphasize socialism and to stress pan-Arab unity. (references) | |
Human Rights | Cote d'Ivoire | On August 27, airport police arrested and detained for several hours former Minister Morifere Bamba, leader of the opposition Party for the Progress and Socialism (PPS), as he prepared to leave for Paris. (references) |
Korea | Criminal law makes the death penalty mandatory for activities "in collusion with imperialists" aimed at "suppressing the national liberation struggle." Some prisoners are sentenced to death for such ill-defined "crimes" as "ideological divergence," "opposing socialism," and other "counterrevolutionary crimes." In some cases, executions reportedly were carried out at public meetings attended by workers, students, and school children. (references) | |
Political Economy | Cote D'ivoire | The FPI, the party of current president Laurent Gbagbo, is a moderate party tinged with socialism but more concerned with democratic reform than radical economic change. (references) |
Political Rights | Germany | Three of the parties represented in the Bundestag are headed by women: The Christian Democratic Union, the Greens/Alliance 90 (co-chaired by a woman and a man), and the Party of Democratic Socialism. (references) |
Iraq | There are strict qualifications for parliamentary candidates; by law the candidates for the National Assembly must be over 25 years old and "believe in God, the principles of the July 17-30 revolution, and socialism." Elections for the National Assembly were held in March 2000; 220 of the 250 parliamentary seats were contested and presidential appointees filled the 30 remaining seats. (references) | |
Germany | In the Bundestag, there are two major political parties, the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU), as well as three smaller parties, the Free Democrats (FDP), the Greens, and the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS). A political party must receive at least 5 percent of the popular vote nationwide or win 3 constituencies outright to be represented in the Bundestag. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | GRAPESHOT, n. An argument which the future is preparing in answer to the demands of American Socialism. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Barbara Walters | You feel socialism works. It seems that the tide in the rest of the world is turning away. We see people in you country hungry. We see people going on boats and risking their lives to leave this country. Does social work. |
Rush Limbaugh | Global warming, and environmentalism in general, is just the vehicle liberals are driving to advance their overall agenda, which is anti-capitalism and big-government socialism. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | We are for aiding our allies by sharing our material blessings with nations which share our fundamental beliefs, but we are against doling out money government to government, creating bureaucracy, if not socialism, all over the world. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Socialism" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.11% of the time. "Socialism" is used about 1,577 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.11% | 1,563 | 5,270 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.57% | 9 | 117,287 |
| Unclassified Items | 0.13% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Noun (common) | 0.13% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 0.06% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,577 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "socialism": Christian Socialism ♦ guild socialism ♦ National Fund of the Republic of Austria for victims of national socialism ♦ national socialism ♦ socialism of the chair ♦ state socialism ♦ utopian socialism. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "socialism": Socialism-for-the-rich. | |
Ending with "socialism": anti-socialism, communo-socialism, neo-socialism, ultra-socialism. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "socialism"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | socializëm. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | نظام إجتماعي خالي من الملكية, إشتراكية. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | социализъм. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 社會主義 , 社会主义 (socialist). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | socialismus. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | socialisme. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | socialismo. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | سوسیالیزم , جامعه گراءی . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | sosialismi. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | socialisme. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | sosjalisme. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Sozialismus. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | σοσιαλισμός. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | סוציאליזם. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | szocializmus. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Irish | sóisialachas. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | socialismo. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 社会主義 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | しゃかいしゅぎ. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 사회주의. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | soshiallys. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | sosialismo, soshalismo. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | ocialismsay socialismo. (various references) socialism. (various references) социализм. (various references) socijalizam. (various references) socialismo. (various references) socialism. (various references) ระบบสังคมนิยม. (various references) sosyalizm, toplumculuk (illiberalism). (various references) sosialism (r). (various references) соціалізм. (various references) chủ nghĩa xã hội. (various references) sosialaeth. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "socialism": socialisms. (additional references) | |
| |
"Socialism" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: sciolism, scocialism, socalism, socialis, socialisme, socialismo, socialsim, socilalism, sosialism, soucialism. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "socialism" (pronounced sō"shuli'zum) |
| 7 | -sh u l i' z u m | commercialism, racialism. |
| 6 | -u l i' z u m | bilingualism, cannibalism, capitalism, centralism, colonialism, dualism, emotionalism, entrepreneurialism, environmentalism, evangelism, factionalism, fatalism, federalism, feudalism, formalism, fundamentalism, gradualism, imperialism, incrementalism, individualism, intellectualism, internationalism, journalism, legalism, liberalism, materialism, mercantilism, metabolism, minimalism, moralism, multiculturalism, multilateralism, mutualism, nationalism, naturalism, neutralism, nihilism, parochialism, pastoralism, paternalism, pluralism, populism, professionalism, provincialism, radicalism, sensationalism, supernaturalism, symbolism, territorialism, vandalism. |
| 5 | -l i' z u m | alcoholism, botulism, embolism, idealism, parallelism, realism, surrealism. |
| 4 | -i' z u m | abolitionism, absenteeism, absolutism, activism, adventurism, agrarianism, altruism, amateurism, anachronism, aneurism, animism, antagonism, aphorism, astigmatism, atavism, atheism, authoritarianism, autism, baptism, barbarism, bolshevism, boosterism, catechism, chauvinism, classicism, collectivism, communism, conservatism, consumerism, corporatism, counterterrorism, creationism, criticism, cronyism, cubism, cynicism, dandyism, defeatism, deism, despotism, determinism, diamagnetism, diastrophism, dimorphism, dogmatism, Druidism, dwarfism, dynamism, egalitarianism, egoism, egotism, electromagnetism, elitism, empiricism, ergotism, eroticism, escapism, ethnocentrism, euphemism, expansionism, expressionism, extremism, fanaticism, fascism, favoritism, feminism, ferromagnetism, fetishism, futurism, geotropism, gnosticism, hedonism, helotism, heroism, hooliganism, humanism, hypnotism, illusionism, impressionism, interventionism, Irredentism, isolationism, isomorphism, jingoism, leftism, lesbianism, lyricism, magnetism, mannerism, masochism, mechanism, mesmerism, methodism, microorganism, militarism, modernism, monasticism, monetarism, monism, monotheism, mysticism, narcissism, nativism, negativism, nepotism, obstructionism, opportunism, optimism, organism, ostracism, overoptimism, pacifism, paganism, parkinsonism, patriotism, perfectionism, pessimism, pharisaism, pietism, plagiarism, polymorphism, polytheism, positivism, pragmatism, protectionism, puritanism, racism, recidivism, relativism, republicanism, revisionism, rheumatism, romanticism, sadism, satanism, sectarianism, secularism, separatism, sexism, skepticism, statism, stoicism, synergism, terrorism, theism, tokenism, totalitarianism, tourism, truism, unionism, vegetarianism, vigilantism, voluntarism, volunteerism, voyeurism. |
| 3 | -z u m | bosom, careerism, chasm, cytoplasm, enthusiasm, iconoclasm, ism, microcosm, neoplasm, orgasm, phantasm, prism, sarcasm, schism, spasm. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-i-i-l-m-o-s-s" | |
-1 letter: laicisms, sciolism. | |
-2 letters: laicism, mosaics, silicas, socials. | |
-3 letters: aiolis, assoil, claims, lissom, miosis, missal, mosaic, osmics, salmis, sialic, silica, social. | |
-4 letters: aioli, amici, amiss, calms, calos, cilia, claim, clams, class, coals, coils, colas, comal, comas, iliac, laics, lasso, limas, limos, loams, mails, malic, micas, milia, milos, misos, moils, molas, oasis, osmic, ossia, sails, salic. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-i-i-l-m-o-s-s" | |
+1 letter: socialisms. | |
+3 letters: caudillismos, colonialisms, commissarial, mislocations, officialisms, sectionalism. | |
+4 letters: cleistogamies, connubialisms, disclamations, factionalisms, isosmotically, maliciousness, microanalysis, neoclassicism, neoplasticism, parochialisms, pictorialisms, scholasticism, sectionalisms, seismological. | |
+5 letters: ceremonialisms, ceremonialists, climatologists, colloquialisms, commercialises, commercialisms, commercialists, functionalisms, lachrymosities, misallocations, neoclassicisms, neoplasticisms, provincialisms, scholasticisms, semasiological, semiporcelains, somnambulistic, vocationalisms. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)53 6F 63 69 61 6C 69 73 6D |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)... --- -.-. .. .- .-.. .. ... -- |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010011 01101111 01100011 01101001 01100001 01101100 01101001 01110011 01101101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)S o c i a l i s m |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0053 006F 0063 0069 0061 006C 0069 0073 006D |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)538169756778758579 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Spoken 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Derivations | 17. Rhymes 18. Anagrams 19. Orthography 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
