Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Skier |
SkierNoun1. Someone who skis. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
This article concerns the skis used in skiing. For the town in Norway, see Ski, Norway.
A ski is a thin, flat-bottomed device attached by means of bindingss to the skier's ski boots, with a slightly upturned, pointed front end to avoid digging into the snow. Also, a ski may denote a similar device used for other purposes than skiing, e.g., for steering snowmobiles.
Construction
Skis were originally wooden planks. They are now usually made from a complex assembly of components including glass fiber Kevlar or related composite materials, though they may contain a wood core.
In alpine and backcountry varieties of skiing, and sometimes in others, skis have strips of metal running along the lower edges of the ski to bite into the snow more effectively.
Shape
The sides of most skis describe a parabola, making the ski narrower under the skiers foot than at the tip and tail. By setting the ski at an angle so that the edge cuts into the snow, the ski will follow the parabloa and hence turn the skier, a practice known as carving a turn. Faced by competition from snowboarding, during the 1990s this shaping of the ski became significantly more pronounced to make it easier for skiers to carve turns, and such skis may be termed carving skis. For other turning techniques, see Skiing.
Types
Many types of skis exist, all designed for use different situations, of which the following are a selection.
Downhill ski
Downhill skiss are svaged to promote easy turning. The ski binding anchors the foot firmly to the ski at heel and toe. It is spring-loaded, detaching the ski from the foot in case excessive force is applied.
Alpine ski touring ski
Alpine ski touring ski. This type of ski is ususally a light-weight downhill ski with a alpine touring binding.
Telemark ski
Telemark ski. A downhill or touring ski, where the binding attaches only at the toe. The Telemark ski was the first ski with an inwards-turned waist which made it much easier for skiers to turn. It was pioneered by Sondre Norheim of Telemark, Norway
Cross-country ski
Cross-country skiss are very light and narrow, and usually have quite straight edges. The bindings attach at the toes only. They are usually coated with wax to reduce friction during forward motion, but also to get adhesion when going uphill. Some models may have patterns on the bottom to increase the friction when the ski slides backward. These skis are also used in biathlons.
Backcountry ski
Skis for mountain/backcountry/cross-country free range skiing which are designed for skiing on unbroken snow, where an established track is lacking. These are characteristically quite wide, and with cable bindingss to provide general sturdyness, and to better extract ones feet from deep snowbanks, in case it should be impossible to reach the bindings by hand. This is also the model used by military forces trained to fight in winter conditions, and the most closely related to the historical ski.
Ski jumping ski
Skis for ski jumping. Long and wide skis, which bindings attaching at the toe.
See also
- Skiing and skiing topics – further details of skis related to particular variations of ski sport
- History of skiing – the ancient history of skis
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Ski."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Skiing is a human activity gliding over show using skis (originally wooden planks, now usually made from fiberglass or related composites) strapped to the feet with ski bindings.
Many different types of skiing are popular, especially in colder climes, and many types of competitive skiing events are recognized by the International Olympic Committee and other sporting organizations.
However, aside from people in Scandinavia, skiing is recreational downhill skiing in which one visits a ski resort, purchases a lift ticket, dons cold-weather clothing, skis, ski boots and ski poles, and embarks on a chairlift, gondola lift, or other mechanical method of uphill propulsion. Upon reaching the summit, the skier disembarks from the ski lift and travels downhill, propelled by gravity. One should not attempt this, unless one has been to ski school and learned how to turn and stop safely. Otherwise one's speed is likely to become excessive, uncontrollable, and attenuated only by stationary objects such as trees.
In skiings traditional core regions in the snowy parts of Scandinavia, both recreational and competitive skiing is as likely to refer to the cross-country/Nordic variants as to the internationally more well-known downhill variants.
Skiing Topics
Types of skiing
- Alpine skiing (also known as Downhill skiing)
- Backcountry skiing (also known as Off Piste skiing)
- Cross-country skiing (also known as Nordic skiing)
- Extreme skiing
- Telemark skiing
- Speed skiing
- Ski jumping
- Ski touring
Turning Techniques
- Stem techniques
- The Snowplough - (also known as the wedge) - see snowplough turn
- The Snowplough turn - (also known as the wedge turn or stem turn)
- The Stem Christie
- Parallel turn
- Telemark turn
Equipment
- Skis
- Ski bindings
- Ski boots
- Ski poles
- Ski wax
Competition Events
- Winter Olympic Games
Alpine Events
- Alpine Skiing World Cup
- Downhill
- Freestyle
- Slalom
- Gian slalom
- Super Giant Slalom
- Speed Skiing
- Moguls
Nordic Events
- Biathlon
- Nordic combined
- Ski jumping
Skiing Organisations
- International organisations:
- International Biathlon Union
- International Ski Federation
- National organisations:
- Professional Ski Instructors of America
- Ski Club of Great Britain
Ski Safety
- Avalanches
- Cornices
- Crevasses
- Mountain rescue
Ski Lifts
- Aerial tramway (or cablecar)
- Chairlift
- Detachable chairlift
- Funitel
- Funicular
- Gondola lift
- Rope tow
Other
- History of skiing
- Dry ski slope
- Indoor ski slope
- List of ski areas
- Ski resort
- Ski school
- Snow
- Snow cannon
- Ice
- Trail grooming machine (piste basher)
Health and Injuries
- Altitude sickness
- Human anatomy
- Anterior cruciate ligament
- Fracture
- First aid
- Wilderness first aid
- Frost bite
- Hypothermia
- Physical fitness
- Exercise
- Snow blindness
Related Sports
- Water skiing
- Grass skiing
- Snowboarding
- Snowshoe walking
- Sports
- Winter sport
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Skiing."
Crosswords: Skier |
| English words defined with "skier": alone ♦ langlauffer, lone, lonely ♦ ski jumper, solitary. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "skier": anti-lock braking system, anti-lock system, Avalanche Balloon System ♦ serpent turn, sitzmark, SKI PATROLLER, snake turn. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Skier" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. French (ski), Frisian (grey), German (skis). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I quite being a skier in 1968 because the other skiers were mavericks (Snowbeast; writing credit: Roger Patterson; Joseph Stefano) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Canada Vignettes: Skier (1978) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | A jet skier in the "no wake" Zone at Squaw Lake. Credit: Lori Cook. |  | Water skier at Senator Wash during a water skiing tournament. Credit: Lori Cook. |
 | Skier on top of Cannon Mountain. Franconia Notch, New Hampshire. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Skier on hill looking down at other skiers and village, with mountains in background] / Suyallo(?). Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Tired from skiing" by Ewald Brunmüller Commentary: "Skier resting in the sun after a hard day." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| "Skier" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 94.44% of the time. "Skier" is used about 72 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 94.44% | 68 | 40,606 |
| Noun (proper) | 5.56% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 72 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "skier": water-skier. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
skier | 60 |
american skier | 14 |
malibu skier | 14 |
nordic track skier | 10 |
skier water | 8 |
sign skier | 7 |
american skier boat | 7 |
california skier | 5 |
cross country skier | 5 |
skier tommy | 3 |
skier magazine | 3 |
downhill skier tommy | 3 |
picture skier | 3 |
crash skier | 2 |
cartoon skier | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "skier"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | skiator. (various references) | |
Arabic | المتزحلف. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | скиор. (various references) | |
Chinese | 滑雪者. (various references) | |
Czech | lyžař. (various references) | |
Farsi | اسکی باز(skiier). (various references) | |
Finnish | hiihtäjä. (various references) | |
French | skieur (skiers). (various references) | |
German | Skiläufer (skiers). (various references) | |
Greek | σκιέρ. (various references) | |
Hebrew | גלש, גולש (surfer). (various references) | |
Hungarian | síelő. (various references) | |
Italian | sciatore. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | スキート射撃 (schema, scheme, skeet shooting, ski lift, ski rack). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | スキーヤー . (various references) | |
Manx | sheealee, sheealagh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ierskay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | esquiador. (various references) | |
Romanian | schior. (various references) | |
Russian | лыжник. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | smučar, skijaš (skiier). (various references) | |
Spanish | esquiador. (various references) | |
Swedish | skidlöpare, skidåkare. (various references) | |
Turkish | kayakçı (glider). (various references) | |
Turkmen | lyzhaзy (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | лижник. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | người trượt tuyết (slider). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "skier": skiers. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "skier": boskier, duskier, friskier, huskier, muskier, nonskier, peskier, riskier. (additional references) | |
Words containing "skier": nonskiers. (additional references) | |
| |
"Skier" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: cmkyr, sakie, Sakkie, scei, Sciara, scie, scier, Sciex, scire, scuer, scye, scyre, Sekber, sier, siier, sika, Sikel, Sjie, Skaer, skaler, skeer, skei, skera, skern, skial, skie, skien, skiew, skiier, skimet, skiry, skiter, skoe, skye, skyer, skyr, spier, stier. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: keirs, kiers, siker. | |
| Words within the letters "e-i-k-r-s" | |
-1 letter: ires, irks, keir, kier, kirs, kris, reis, rise, risk, sike, sire. | |
-2 letters: ers, ire, irk, kir, rei, res, sei, ser, sir, ski, sri. | |
-3 letters: er, es, is, re, si. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-i-k-r-s" | |
+1 letter: bikers, dikers, hikers, ickers, inkers, kaiser, kefirs, kermis, kisser, kiters, krises, kyries, likers, pikers, reinks, risked, risker, shriek, shrike, sicker, sinker, skiers, skiver, spiker, strike, trikes. | |
+2 letters: bickers, bilkers, birkies, boskier, brisked, brisker, brisket, daikers, dickers, duikers, duskier, frisked, frisker, frisket, huskier, irksome, jerkies, jerkins, jinkers, kaisers, kauries, keister, kerrias, kerries, kickers, kidders, kiester, killers, kilters, kippers, kirmess, kirtles, kissers, klister, knifers, lickers, linkers, milkers, mirkest, muskier, nickers, perkish, peskier, pickers, pinkers, porkies, redskin, reknits, relinks, rickets, rickeys, riskers, riskier, rookies, sarkier, shakier, shicker, shikker, shirked, shirker, shrieks, shrieky, shrikes, silkier, sinkers, skidder, skimmer, skinker, skinner, skipper, skirled, skirred, skirret, skirted, skirter, skitter, skivers, skiwear, skreigh, slicker, smirked, smirker, smokier, snakier, snicker, spikers, spikier, sticker, stinker, striker, strikes, sulkier, tickers, tinkers, whisker, wickers, winkers. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Derivations | 13. Anagrams 14. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
