Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Silicon |
SiliconNoun1. A tetravalent nonmetallic element; next to oxygen it is the most abundant element in the earth's crust; occurs in clay and feldspar and granite and quartz and sand; used as a semiconductor in transistors. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "silicon" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1985. (references) |
Note: Silicon \Sil"i*con\, noun. [See Silica.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Computing | Silicon n. Hardware, esp. ICs or microprocessor-based computer systems (compare iron). Contrasted with software. See also sandbender. Source: Jargon File. |
Chemistry | Chemical element:atomic number 14. Source: European Union. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | A non-metallic semiconductor element; used in single-crystal form in nearly all planar and monolithic integrated circuits. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A silicon piece whose surface is orientated to be approximately coincident with the plane of the crystal; not a popular surface for use with device fabrication; crystal models with this orientation reveal long tunnels into the model. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| A silicon piece produced so that the surface constitutes a family of planes; used to increase the switching speed of a device, to change the chip separation properties of the slice, or to increase the mechanical strength of thin chips such as flip-chips, when compared with the properties obtained with silicon. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Energy | A chemical element, of atomic number 14, that is semi-metallic, and an excellent semiconductor material used in solar photovoltaic devices; commonly found in sand. (references) |
Health | A trace element that constitutes about 27.6% of the earth's crust in the form of silicon dioxide. It does not occur free in nature. Silicon has the atomic symbol Si, atomic number 14, and atomic weight 28.09. (references) |
Mining | A nonmetallic element that is the second most abundant on Earth, being exceeded only by oxygen. Symbol, Si. Silicon is not found free in nature, but occurs as the oxide and silicate. Sand, quartz, rock crystal, amethyst, agate, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which the oxide appears. Hornblende, orthoclase, kaolin, and biotite are a few of the numerous silicate minerals. Used in the electronics and space-age industries; used to make concrete, brick, and glass. Miners often develop a serious lung disease, silicosis, from breathing large quantities of thedust. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
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| General | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Name, Symbol, Number | Silicon, Si, 14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Series | metalloid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group, Period, Block | 14 (IVA), 3, p | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Density, Hardness | 2330 kg/m3, 6.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearance | dark grey, bluish tinge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic weight | 28.0855 amu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic radius (calc.) | 110 (111)pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Covalent radius | 111 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| van der Waals radius | 210 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | [Ne]33s2 3p2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| e- 's per energy level | 2, 8, 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oxidation states (Oxide) | 4 (amphoteric) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | Cubic face centered | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State of matter | solid (nonmagnetic) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | 1687 K (2577 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boiling point | 3173 K (5252 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Molar volume | 12.06 ×1010-3 m3/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | 384.22 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | 50.55 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vapor pressure | 4.77 Pa at 1683 K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Speed of sound | __ m/s at __ K | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | 1.90 (Pauling scale) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific heat capacity | 700 J/(kg*K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrical conductivity | 2.52 10-4/m ohm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | 148 W/(m*K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st ionization potential | 786.5 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd ionization potential | 1577.1 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd ionization potential | 3231.6 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4th ionization potential | 4355.5 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5th ionization potential | 16091 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6th ionization potential | 19805 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 7th ionization potential | 23780 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 8th ionization potential | 29287 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 9th ionization potential | 33878 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10th ionization potential | 38726 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Most Stable Isotopes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| SI units & STP are used except where noted. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Measured by weight, silicon makes up 25.7% of the earth's crust and after oxygen is also the second most abundant element. Elemental silicon is not found in nature. It occurrs most often as oxides and as silicates. Sand, amethyst, agate, quartz, rock crystal, flint, jasper, and opal are some of the forms in which the oxide appears. Granite, asbestos, feldspar, clay, hornblende, and mica are a few of the many silicate minerals.
In zone melting, the first silicon purification method to be widely used industrially, rods of metallurgical grade silicon were heated to melt at one end. Then, the heater was slowly moved down the length of the rod, keeping a small length of the rod molten as the silicon cooled and resolidified behind it. Since most impurities tend to remain in the molten region rather than resolidify, when the process was complete, most of the impurities in the rod had been moved into end that was the last to be melted. This end was then cut off and discarded, and the process repeated if a still higher purity was desired.
In the Siemens process, high-purity silicon rods are exposed to trichlorosilane at 1150°C. The trichlorosilane gas decomposes and deposits additional silicon onto the rods, enlarging them according to chemical reactions like
At one time, DuPont produced ultrapure silicon by reacting silicon tetrachloride with high-purity zinc vapors at 950°C, producing silicon according to the chemical equation
Occurrence
Silicon is a principal component of aerolites which are a class of meteoroids and also of tektites which is a natural form of glass. Production
Silicon is commercially prepared by the heating of high-purity silica in an electric arc furnace using carbon electrodes. At temperatures over 1900°C, the carbon reduces the silica to silicon according to the chemical equation
Liquid silicon collects in the bottom of the furnace, and is then drained and cooled. The silicon produced via this process is called metallurgical grade silicon and is at least 99% pure. In 1997, metallurgical grade silicon cost about United States dollar 0.50 per g. Purification
The use of silicon in semiconductor devices demands a much greater purity than afforded by metallurgical grade silicon. Historically, a number of methods have been used to produce high-purity silicon.Physical methods
Early silicon purification techniques were based on the fact that if silicon is melted and re-solidified, the last parts of the mass to solidify contain most of the impurities. The earliest method of silicon purification, first described in 1919 and used on a limited basis to make radar components during World War II, involved crushing metallurgical grade silicon and then partially dissolving the silcon powder in an acid. When crushed, the silicon cracked so that the weaker impurity-rich regions were on the outside of the resulting grains of silicon. As a result, the impurity-rich silicon was the first to be dissolved when treated with acid, leaving behind a more pure product.Chemical methods
Today, silicon is instead purified by converting it to a silicon compound that can be more easily purified tht silicon itself, and then converting that silicon compound back into pure silcon. Trichlorosilane is the silicon compound most commonly used as the intermediate, although silicon tetrachloride and silane are also used. When these gases are blown over silicon at high temperature, they decompose to high-purity silicon.
Silicon produced from this and similar processes is called polycrystalline silicon. Polycrystalline silicon typically has impurity levels of 1 part per billion or less.
However, this technique was plauged with practical problems (such as the zinc chloride byroduct solidifying and clogging lines) and was evenutally abandoned in favor of the Siemens process.Crystallization
The Czochralski process is often used to make high-purity single silicon crystals for use in solid-state/semiconductor devices.Isotopes
Silicon has nine isotopes, with mass numbers from 25-33. Si-28 (the most abundant isotope, at 92.23%), Si-29 (4.67%), and Si-30 (3.1%) are stable; Si-32 is a radioactive isotope produced by argon decay. Its half-life, after much argument, has been determined to be approximately 276 years, and it decays by beta emission to P-32 (which has a 14.28 year half-life) and then to S-32. Precautions
A serious lung disease known as silicosis often occurred in miners, stonecutters, and others who were engaged in work where siliceous dust was inhaled in great quantities.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Silicon."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| SiC | English | Silicon carbide | Chemistry, Chemical Industry |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: SiliconSynonym: atomic number 14 (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Silicon |
| English words defined with "silicon": atomic number 32 ♦ carborundum, chip, cordierite ♦ Ekasilicon ♦ Fluosilicic, fluosilicic acid ♦ Ge, germanium ♦ Hydrofluosilicic, Hydrogen silicide ♦ micro chip, microchip ♦ Protosilicate ♦ Quadrivalent, quartz ♦ semiconductor, sial, Silicated, Silicic, silicide, Silicification, Silicified, Silicify, Silicium, Silicium bronze, Siliciureted, Silico-, Silicofluoric, silicon bronze, silicon carbide, silicon chip, silicon dioxide, silicon oxide, Silicon Valley, Silicotungstic, siloxane, sima ♦ Unisilicate. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "silicon": Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ♦ polycrystalline silicon ♦ silicon alloys, Silicon Compounds, Silicon Graphics, Inc., silicon monoxide, silicon source, silicon spiegel, silicon steel ♦ transmuted silicon junction. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "silicon": silicide. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Whether we are based on carbon or silicon makes no fundamental difference. (2010; writing credit: Arthur C. Clarke; Peter Hyams) He has a funny habit of shedding his cells and replacing them with polarized silicon which gives him a prolonged resistance to adverse environmental conditions. (Alien; writing credit: Dan O'Bannon; Ronald Shusett) God is not interested in technology He knows nothing of the potential of the micro-chip or the silicon revolution. (Time Bandits; writing credit: Terry Gilliam; Michael Palin) He cares nothing for the microchip or the silicon revolution. (Time Bandits; writing credit: Terry Gilliam; Michael Palin) | |
Lyrics | Don't need your silicon I prefer my own (Video; performing artist: India.Arie) Next to her cheap silicon I look minimal (Objection (Tango); performing artist: Shakira) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Silicon Spin (1998) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books | |||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Figure 22. Chemical elements that are dissolved in sea water. Major elements are sodium, magnesium, calcium, potassium, silicon, carbon, sulfur, oxygen, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. Minor elements are titanium, nitrogen, phosphorus , arsenic, boron, rubidium, cesium, lithium, strontium, barium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, aluminum, lead, manganese, iron, cobalt, and nickel. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | U.S. Air Force Academy Falcons' fullback Nate Beard evades Fresno State Bulldogs' Bryce McGill for a seven yard gain during this play in the first quarter of the Silicon Valley Football Classic Dec. 30. The Falcons went on to win the game 37-34. (Air Forc. |
 | Some U.S. Air Force Academy Falcons fans used blue and white face paint to show their support for the team. Robert Barajas (l.-r.), Scott Thiessen, and Able Barajas helped cheer the Falcons to a 37-34 victory over the Fresno State Bulldogs at the Silicon. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Organic silicon sealants and polyurethane sealants, which cannot satisfy market requirements, still need to be imported. (references) | |
French Rhone-Poulenc set up a JV in Jiangxi to produce organic silicon adhesive products, a JV in Wuxi to produce industrial surfactant, and one in Suzhou to produce acrylic ester, lubricating agents and dyestuff auxiliaries. (references) | ||
Major concentrations of knowledge-based industry, both biotech and IT, exist in the Cambridge area (Silicon Fen), the "M4 Corridor" - London to Bristol, Oxford, Manchester (North-West) and Scotland's Silicon Glen. New clusters of IT-related industry are springing up throughout the UK, promoted in part by their respective regional development agencies. (references) | ||
Economic History | France | The areas of Sophia-Antipolis (Nice) and the Silicone Sentier (Paris) have proven to be the French version of the high-tech Silicon Valley. (references) |
Malaysia | Of particular interest to the Malaysian Government is the development of the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC), Malaysia's effort to create a Silicon Valley in Asia. (references) | |
Uruguay | U.S. sales of high tech products may increase as a result of government proposals to create an "Uruguayan Silicon Valley" and potential telecommunications liberalization. (references) | |
Trade | Malaysia | For example, EXIMBANK has recently provided guarantees for the two new silicon wafer fabrication plants in Malaysia. (references) |
Worker Rights | China | In October 192 workers in Zhejiang Province won the country's first class-action suit against two engineering companies for failing to protect them adequately from silicon dust. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Silicon" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 85.18% of the time. "Silicon" is used about 398 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 85.18% | 339 | 15,555 |
| Noun (proper) | 14.32% | 57 | 44,859 |
| Noun (common) | 0.5% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 398 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Belgium | Custom Silicon Configuration Services NV | France | S.O.I.Tec - Silicon on Insulator Technologies S.A. |
| Germany | Silicon Sensor International AG | USA | Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "silicon": hydrogenated amorphous silicon ♦ polycrystalline silicon ♦ silicon bronze ♦ silicon carbide ♦ silicon chip ♦ silicon compiler ♦ Silicon Compounds ♦ silicon dioxide ♦ silicon foundry ♦ silicon hydride ♦ silicon monoxide ♦ silicon oxide ♦ silicon source ♦ silicon valley ♦ Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group ♦ silicon wafer ♦ transmuted silicon junction. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "silicon": silicon-based, silicon-bismuth, silicon-bronze, silicon-carbide, silicon-crystal, silicon-gallium, silicon-germanium, silicon-monoxide, silicon-on-insulator, silicon-on-sapphire, silicon-oxygen. | |
Ending with "silicon": aluminium-silicon, ferro-silicon, metal-oxide-silicon, non-silicon, organo-silicon. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "silicon"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaans | silicium, kiesel. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | silic. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | عنصر السليكون. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | силиций. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 硅 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | křemík. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | silicium, kisel. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | silicium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | silicio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | سیلیکون(ش.), سیلیسیوم , عنصرشش بنیانی . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | pii (flint). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | silicium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Silizium, Silicium (silicium). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πυρίτιο (silica). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | סיליקון. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | szilícium. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | silicio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 珪 , 硅 , シリコーン油 (cylinder, cylinder oil, silicon carbide, Silicon Island, silicon polymer, Silicon Valley, silicone oil, syringe). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | シリコン , けいそ. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 실리콘 (si, silicone). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | silicoin. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | iliconsay silício. (various references) siliciu. (various references) кремний. (various references) silicijum. (various references) silicio. (various references) kisel (flint, gravel). (various references) ธาตุอโลหะที่ใช้ในการทำเหล็กกล้า. (various references) silisyum, silikon. (various references) силікон, кремній. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "silicon": silicone, silicones, siliconized, silicons. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "silicon": ferrosilicon. (additional references) | |
Words containing "silicon": ferrosilicons. (additional references) | |
| |
"Silicon" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Cellucon, filikon, Lilico, psilocyn, Salicin, Saligo, Sellion, Serlison, Shlykov, Silanov, Silco, Silcox, silecon, siliconing, siliconix, Silikon, sillicon, sillion, slicen, slicon, spillikins, swilcan, Tilcon, Tsiliso. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "silicon" (pronounced si"lukun) |
| 5 | -l u k u n | pelican, republican. |
| 3 | -k u n | awaken, bacon, beacon, beckon, blacken, bracken, broken, chicken, darken, deacon, drunken, falcon, forsaken, gascon, harken, heartbroken, housebroken, interleukin, lichen, liken, Macon, misspoken, mistaken, outspoken, overtaken, Pekin, Pipkin, pumpkin, quicken, reawaken, reckon, retaken, second, shaken, shrunken, sicken, slacken, spoken, stricken, sunken, taken, thicken, token, unbroken, undertaken, unshaken, unspoken, waken, weaken, woken, zircon. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-i-i-l-n-o-s" | |
-1 letter: colins, ionics, nicols. | |
-2 letters: cions, clons, coils, coins, colin, icons, ionic, linos, lions, loins, nicol, noils, scion, sonic. | |
-3 letters: cion, clon, coil, coin, cols, coni, cons, icon, ions, lino, lins, lion, loci, loin, nils, nisi, noil, oils, silo, soil, soli. | |
-4 letters: cis, col, con, cos, ins, ion, lin, lis, nil, nos, oil, ons, sic. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-i-i-l-n-o-s" | |
+1 letter: cipolins, colicins, colistin, isocline, picolins, psilocin, silicone, silicons. | |
+2 letters: colicines, colistins, collision, diclinous, epsilonic, gasolinic, inclosing, inclusion, isoclines, logicians, picolines, psilocins, silicones. | |
+3 letters: antisocial, calcinosis, caliginous, celloidins, ciliations, clintonias, clonidines, coalitions, collisions, colonising, cotillions, creolising, crinolines, decillions, decisional, disclosing, excisional, focalising, inclusions, inflictors, insociable, insociably, isoleucine, licentious, lidocaines, localising, logicising, minischool, niccolites, nidicolous, novelistic, octillions, oxacillins, plications, psilocybin, punctilios, relictions, scallopini, simoniacal, solecising, solecizing, solicitant, soliciting, vocalising. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)53 69 6C 69 63 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)... .. .-.. .. -.-. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010011 01101001 01101100 01101001 01100011 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)S i l i c o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0053 0069 006C 0069 0063 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)53757875698180 |
| Language | Coverage | Language Translations |
Afrikaans | woordeboek, definisie, vertaling | Afrikaans, бурски език, африканс, 南非荷兰语, afrikánština, Zuidafrikaans, afrikansa lingvo, afrikansa, d'Afrikanders, afrikanisch, Afrikander, Afrikaander, dél-afrikai holland nyelv, アフリカーンス語 , アフタ性口内炎 , アフリカーンス", アフリカーンス , африкаанс, afrikans, africaans, güney afrika hollanda lehçesi, бурська мова |
Albanian | fjalor, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, transmetim, transferim | Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, الألبانية, الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanialainen, Albanais, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, albán, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець |
Arabic | معجم, قاموس, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان | Arabies, arabishte, العربية, عربي, اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arabialainen, arabe, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabic, арабский, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський |
Bulgarian | речник, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, транслация, превеждане, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, огъване, превод | Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, البلغارية, بلغاري, български, български език, българин, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarialainen, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський |
Chinese | 字典 , 定義 , 定义, 翻译 | Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, китайски, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kiinalainen, Chinois, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Sheenish, Sheenagh, chinês, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць |
Czech | slovník, definice, překlad | Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, تشيكي, اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, чешки, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка |
Danish | ordbog, deskriptordefinition, oversættelse | Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, tanskalainen, danois, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова |
Dutch | woordenboek, definitie, translatie | Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollantilainen, néerlandais, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, "ול "י, holland, olandese, 네덜란", Ollanish, Germaanish, holandês, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський |
Esperanto | vortaro, difino, traduko | الاسبرانتو لغة دولية, есперанто, 世界语, esperanton, espéranto, εσπεράντο, אספר טו, eszperanto, eszperantó, エスキモー犬 , エスペラント , эсперанто, esperanto, าษาที่ประ"ิษฐ์ขึ้นเพื่อใช้เป็น าษากลางในการสื่อสารระหว่างประเทศ ซึ่งรากศัพท์ส่วนใหญ่, esperanto dili |
Finnish | määritelmä, translaatio, taajuusmuutos | Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, اللغة الفنلندية, فنلندية, فنلندي, фински език, фински, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський |
French | dictionnaire, définition, traduction | Frans, Franse taal, frëngjishte, frëng, franceze, اللغة الفرنسية, فرنسي, الشعب الفرنسي, френски език, френски, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzský, francouzština, ranskalainen, français, französisch, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, γάλλοσ, צרפתית, צרפתי, francia, francese, フレコン化 , 仏文 , フランス" , 仏 , ふつぶ", ふつ, フレンチ , フランセ , "랑스, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, francês, francezii, franţuzesc, francezã, francez, franţuzeşte, французский, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, fransk, franska, fransızca, fransız, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький |
German | Übersetzung, Wörterbuch, Definition | Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, المانية, германски, немски език, немски, немец, роден, готически, германец, 德语, 德國 , 德文 , 德語 , nìmec, nìmecký, tysker, Duitse, saksalainen, allemand, "ερμανός, 'רמ ית, 'רמ י, német, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, Germaanish, Germaanagh, Garmane, Carmane, alemão, neamţ, немецкий, germanski, alemán, tysk, าษาเยอรมัน, เยอรมัน, alman, німкеня, німецький, німець |
Greek | λεξικό, ορισμός, μετάφραση | Grieks, Griek, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, الإغريقي, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, 希腊语, 希臘語 , řek, řecký, řeètina, græker, kreikkalainen, grec, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, greacã, греческий, грек, grčki, grk, grčki jezik, griego, grek, yunanistan'a ait, yunanca, yunan, Yunanli, yunanlı, Rumca, rum, грецький, гречанка, грецька мова |
Hebrew | אוצר מילים, "'"ר", "'בל", תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק | Hebreeus, Israeliet, Jood, hebraishte, اليهودية, اللغة العبرية, يهودي, عبري, العبرية, иврит, староеврейски език, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejec, hebrejka, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, juutalainen, hébreu, hebräisch, Hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברי, עברית, zsidó, héber, izraelita, ebreo, ebraico, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ewnish, Ew, hebreu, hebraico, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврей, древнееврейский язык, древнееврейский, еврейский, hibru, hebreo, jude, hebreiska, hebreisk, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, іврит, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, "врейський, "врей |
Hungarian | szótár, meghatározás, definíció, fordítás | Hongaar, Hongaars, مجري, المجري, الهنغاري, هنغاري, اللغة الهنغارية, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, 匈牙利语, 匈牙利語 , maïarský, maïarština, maïar, ungarer, Hongaarse, unkarilainen, hongrois, Ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, unguresc, limba ungarã, limba maghiarã, ungureşte, ungur, maghiar, венгр, венгерский, mađarski jezik, mađarski, mađar, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорський, угорка, угорець |
Italian | dizionario, definizione, traduzione | Italiaans, Italiaan, Italianer, الإيطالي, اللغة الإيطالية, إيطالي, شخص إيطالي, италиански език, италиански, италианец, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italský, italština, ital, italiener, italialainen, italien, italienisch, Ιταλός, איטלקית, איטלקי, olasz, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, italianã, итальянский язык, итальянец, итальянский, italijan, italijanski jezik, italijanski, italiensk, italienska, italienare, ชาวอิตาลี, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка |
Japanese Kanji | 辭典 , 辞典 , 字引 , 辞林 , 字書 , ディーゼル電気車 , 言海 , 辞彙 , 辞書 , 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , 翻訳 | japonez, يابانية, ياباني, اليابانية, اللغة اليابانية, японски език, японци, японски, 日語 , 日语, 日本 , 日文 , 倭 , japonský, japanilainen, Japonais, japaner, japanisch, ιαπωνικόσ, Ιάπωνας· "ιαπωνέζος, ιάπωνεσ, ιάπων, ιαπωνικά, יפ י, japán, giapponese, 邦語 , 邦人 , ジャスミン茶 , ほう", ジャパニーズ , ほうじ", 일본, Shapaanagh, Shapaanish, japonês, japonezã, японский, японец, japanski, japanski jezik, japanac, japonés, japansk, คนญี่ปุ่น, าษาญี่ปุ่น, เกี่ยวกับญี่ปุ่น, Japonca, японська мова, японський, японка, японець, Japanner, Japannees, Japans |
Japanese Katakana | じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, へい"ういどう, やくじゅつ, トランスレーション , やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, ほ"やくしょ | japonez, يابانية, ياباني, اليابانية, اللغة اليابانية, японски език, японци, японски, 日語 , 日语, 日本 , 日文 , 倭 , japonský, japanilainen, Japonais, japaner, japanisch, ιαπωνικόσ, Ιάπωνας· "ιαπωνέζος, ιάπωνεσ, ιάπων, ιαπωνικά, יפ י, japán, giapponese, 邦語 , 邦人 , ジャスミン茶 , ほう", ジャパニーズ , ほうじ", 일본, Shapaanagh, Shapaanish, japonês, japonezã, японский, японец, japanski, japanski jezik, japanac, japonés, japansk, คนญี่ปุ่น, าษาญี่ปุ่น, เกี่ยวกับญี่ปุ่น, Japonca, японська мова, японський, японка, японець, Japanner, Japannees, Japans |
Korean | 사 , 의, 번역 | korean, اللغة الكورية, كوري جنوبي, كوري شمالي, كوري, корейски език, корейски, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejec, korejština, korejský, Koreaans, coréen, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτικοσ, κορεάτησ, koreai, 한국, coréia, a língua coreana, limba coreeanã, coreean, кореец, корейский, korejski, korejski jezik, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський |
Manx | fockleyr, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght | gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manština, manský, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Manninish, Manninagh, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man adası, man dili, менський, менський діалект |
Portuguese | dicionário, definição, tradução | Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски, португалски език, португалец, 葡萄牙語 , 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙语, portugalský, portugiser, portugalilainen, portugais, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalac, portugalski, portugués, portugis, portekizce, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, португальський, португальська мова, португалець |
Romanian | dicţionar, definiţie, determinare, definire, translaţie, traducere, tãlmãcire | Roemeen, rumun, румънски език, румънски, румънец, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, romanialainen, Roumain, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, român, румынский, румын, rumunski jezik, rumunski, rumano, rumänsk, румунський, румунка, румунська мова, румун |
Russian | словарь, определение, трансляция, сдвиг, перевод, перемещение | Russies, Rus, روسي, اللغة الروسية, الروسية, руски език, руски, руснак, 俄語 , 俄文 , 俄语, ruština, ruský, russer, venäläinen, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, русский, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, Rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський |
Serbo-Croatian | leksikon, rečnik, definicija, tumačenje | 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, 塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, srpsko-hrvatski, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย |
Spanish | diccionario, definición, traducción | Spaanse taal, spanjoll, اللغة الأسبانية, الأسبانية, أسباني, испански език, испански, 西班牙語 , 西班牙文 , 西班牙语, španìlský, španìl |
