Shorten

Definitions: Shorten

Shorten

Verb

1. Make shorter than originally intended; reduce or retrench in length or duration; "He shortened his trip due to illness".

2. Reduce in scope while retaining essential elements; "The manuscript must be shortened".

3. Make short or shorter; "shorten the skirt"; "shorten the rope by a few inches".

4. Become short or shorter; "In winter, the days shorten".

5. Edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate; "bowdlerize a novel".

Date "shorten" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references)

Domain	Definitions
Computing	Shorten A form of lossless audio compression. [Details?] (2001-12-17). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Synonyms: Shorten

Synonyms: abbreviate (v), abridge (v), bowdlerise (v), bowdlerize (v), contract (v), cut (v), expurgate (v), foreshorten (v), reduce (v). (additional references)

Antonym: lengthen (v). (additional references)

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Contraction	Render smaller, lessen, diminish, contract, draw in, narrow, coarctate; boil down; constrict, constringe; condense, compress, squeeze, corrugate, crimp, crunch, crush, crumple up, warp, purse up, pack, squeeze, stow; pinch, tighten, strangle; cramp; dwarf, bedwarf; shorten; circumscribe; restrain.
Nonincrease, Decrease	Verb: decrease, diminish, lessen; abridge; (shorten); shrink; (contract); drop off, fall off, tail off; fall away, waste, wear; wane, ebb, decline; descend; subside; melt away, die away; retire into the shade, hide its diminished head, fall to a low ebb, run low, languish, decay, crumble.
	Bate, abate, dequantitate; discount; depreciate; extenuate, lower, weaken, attenuate, fritter away; mitigate; (moderate); dwarf, throw into the shade; reduce; shorten; subtract. Adjective: unincreased; (see increase;); decreased; Verb: decreasing; Verb: on the wane; n.
Shortness	Verb: be short; Adjective: render short; Adjective: shorten, curtail, abridge, abbreviate, take in, reduce; compress; (contract); epitomize.
Slowness	Retard, relax; slacken, check, moderate, rein in, curb; reef; strike sail, shorten sail, take in sail; put on the drag, apply the brake; clip the wings; reduce the speed; slacken speed, slacken one's pace; lose ground.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	They were both magnificent, believe me! Either one could shorten your life by 10 years. (Quante volte... quella notte; writing credit: Mario Moroni; Charles Ross) Take that bridge and we shorten the war. We're risking a hundred men, but we may save 10,000 -- even 50,000! It's your chance to make history, Major! (The Bridge at Remagen; writing credit: Roger O. Hirson; Richard Yates)
Clever	Laughing at our mistakes can lengthen our life. Laughing at someone else's can shorten it! (references; author: unknown) A man spends the first half of his life learning habits that shorten the other half of his life. (references; author: unknown)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Domain	Title
Books	Iliad of Homer: Shorten Version (reference) Successful Market Penetration: How to Shorten the Sales Cycle by Making the First Sale the First Time (reference) Ten Steps to Sales Success: The Proven System That Can Shorten the Selling Cycle, Double Your Close Ratio, and (reference) This Longing May Shorten My Life (reference) To shorten the road (reference) (more book examples)

Music	To Shorten the Winter: An Irish Christmas with Tommy Sands (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Blood or bread Others are giving their blood - You will shorten the war - save life, if you eat only what you need, and waste nothing / / Raleigh. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Author	Quotation
Benjamin Franklin	If you wouldn't live long, live well; for folly and wickedness shorten life.
Charles Buxton	To make pleasures pleasant shorten them.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Author	Date	Quotation
Treaty of Versailles	1919	All necessary administrative and technical measures shall be taken to shorten, as much as possible, the transmission of goods across the German frontiers and to ensure their forwarding and transport from such frontiers, irrespective of whether such goods are coming from or going to the territories of the Allied and Associated Powers or are in transit from or to those territories, under the same material conditions in such matters as rapidity of carriage and care en route as are enjoyed by other goods of the same kind carried on German territory under similar conditions of transport. (reference)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Title	Author	Quote
Les Miserables	Hugo, Victor	She tried hard to shorten her resting spells, and to walk as far as possible between them.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Dystonic motions may lead to permanent physical deformities by causing tendons to shorten. (references)
		The period of effectiveness from each dose may begin to shorten, called the wearing-off effect. (references)
		If it is important to shorten the course or decrease the severity of moderate to severe TD, antimicrobial agents may be taken. (references)
Business		To shorten delivery time, exporters may consider setting up bonded warehouses and shipping large quantities to be stored on the island. (references)
		In most parts of Uzbekistan, the roads are poorly maintained, and often shorten the life of certain parts, such as shock absorber spans (HS 8708.80.99), brakes (HS 8708.31) clutches (HS 8708.93.99), and piston rings (HS 8409.91.10). Thus, they can be considered as best prospects. (references)
		The MOEA will assist manufacturers and their satellite factories in Taiwan in developing and integrating B2B electronic commerce methods to strengthen supply chain systems, reduce overall operating costs, shorten delivery times, improve competitiveness and expand business opportunities. (references)
Economic History	India	Many spend considerable non-billable time in research, to increase their knowledge and information base and to shorten their response time. (references)
	Nigeria	The controversial port reform is an attempt to check official corruption at the ports, reduce continued diversion of Nigerian imports to Cotenou in Republic of Benin and shorten the time spent clearing imports through customs. (references)
	Bahamas	When enacted, these bills may give the Government the right to establish wage minimums for the private sector, shorten the work week, increase paid vacations, guarantee paid sick leave and severance pay, and grant employees new protections against unfair dismissal. (references)
Human Rights	Israel and the occupied territories	Within 24 hours of issuance, detainees must appear before a district judge who may confirm, shorten, or overturn the order. (references)
	Japan	In March in its final report, an advisory panel to the Prime Minister on judicial reform called for a substantial increase in judges, prosecutors, and Justice Ministry personnel to shorten the time between arrest and trial. (references)
Political Economy	SPAIN	This should improve market access, reduce costs, and shorten the time required to market certain U.S. products in the EU. (references)
Political Rights	Poland	The President, elected for 5 years, has the right, in certain very limited cases and after seeking the opinion of the Speakers of the Sejm and the Senate, to shorten the Sejm's term of office. (references)
Worker Rights	Croatia	In June the Labor Law was amended to shorten the workweek to 40 hours from 42 hours. (references)
Lexicography	Devil's Dictionary	ABRIDGE, v.t. To shorten. When in the course of human events it becomes necessary for people to abridge their king, a decent respect for the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. Oliver Cromwell
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

"Shorten" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 72.08% of the time. "Shorten" is used about 197 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Lexical Verb (infinitive)	72.08%	142	26,554
Lexical Verb (base form)	23.86%	47	49,740
Noun (proper)	4.06%	8	124,375
Total	100.00%	197	N/A

The following table summarizes the usage of "shorten" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.

Name	Usage/Gender	Usage per 100 million Persons	Rank in USA
Shorten	Last name	170	54,245
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

Expressions using "shorten": become shorten ♦ To shorten a rope ♦ To shorten sail. Additional references.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Language		Translations for "shorten"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Afrikaan		bekort (abbreviate, abridge, curtail). (various references)

Albanian		shkurtoj (abbreviate, abridge, ax, axe, buck, clip, compress, condense, curtail, cut, cut back, cut down, detruncate, dock, epitomize, pare, poll, prune, razee, retrench, truncate, undercut, whittle down), shkurtohem, shkrifëroj (scarify), zbruj me gjalpë. (various references)

Arabic		‏قصر (abridge, become shorter, brevity, castle, chateau, contract, court, fragility, limit, limitation, mansion, mortar, narrowness, palace, reduction, restriction, shortness, smallness), ‏تقاصر, ‏خفض (ax, axe, bear, bring down, cut, debase, deplete, depreciation, depress, dropping, lessen, lower, lowering, mark down, minimize, pull down, put down, rebate, recline, retrench, scale down, sink, slake, slam, slash, step down, stitch down, subdue, turn down, whittle down), ‏جعله هشا, ‏إختصر (abbreviate, abridge, analyse, analyze, boil down, clip, curtail, cut short, limit, nick, outline, reduce, syncopate), ‏أضعف (attenuate, break, debilitate, decay, decline, depress, detach, diminish, disable, emaciate, emasculate, enervate, enfeeble, fade, geld, hone, hurt, impair, incapacitate, invalidate, jellify, languish, lose weight, macerate, neutralize, pall, perish, reduce, run down, sag, sap, sink, slacken, slake, soften, subside, thin, waste, weaken). (various references)

Bulgarian		скъсявам (abbreviate, contract, curtail, cut down, retract), свивам (bend, constrict, contract, convulse, cop, double, double up, draw, knap, knit, knit together, knot, neck, pinch, pucker, roll, screw, screw up, set, snitch, swing, turn, turn down, twist, wad, warp, work), слагам мазнина в тесто, намалявам (abate, abbreviate, allay, attenuate, bring down, clip, contract, curtail, cut back, cut down, decline, decrease, deduct, deflate, degrade, deplete, detract, dim, diminish, ebb, extenuate, fine, impair, knock off, lessen, lighten, lull, minify, minimize, moderate, modify, pare down, prejudice, put back, put down, reduce, remit, run down, scant, shrink, sink, slacken, subdue, take from, thin, thin away, thin down, understate, wane, work down), подкъсявам (make shorter). (various references)

Chinese		�'� (clip, throw away), 弄短 (shortening), 变短 (shortened). (various references)

Czech		zkrátit (abbreviate, abridge, Bob, condense, curtail, cut, cut back, cut down, cut short, dock, reduce). (various references)

Danish		forkorte (abbreviate, abridge, curtail). (various references)

Dutch		inkorten (abate, abbreviate, abridge, curtail, decrease, lessen), bekorten (abbreviate, abridge, curtail), afkorten (abbreviate, abridge, curtail). (various references)

Esperanto		malplilongigi (abbreviate, abridge, curtail), mallongigi (abbreviate, abridge), kurtigi (abbreviate). (various references)

Farsi		مختصرکردن (Abbreviate, Abridge, Simplify), کوتاه کردن (Abbreviate, Abridge, Curtail, Dock, Short, Stag), کاستن (Abate, Decline, Decrease, Detract, Discount, Drawoff, Lessen, Lighten, Pare, Rebate, Soften, Subtract). (various references)

Finnish		lyhetä (grow shorter), lyhentää (abbreviate, abridge, curtail, cut short, pay off). (various references)

French		raccourcir (take a short cut), abréger (cut short). (various references)

Frisian		ferkoartsje (abbreviate, abridge, curtail), bekoartsje (abbreviate, abridge, curtail). (various references)

German		verkürzen (abbreviate, abridge, curtail, cut, cut down, cut short, decrease, end, foreshorten, narrow, reduce, to abbreviate, to abridge, to shorten), abkürzen (abbreviate, abridge, be cut, curtail, cut short, take a short cut, to abbreviate, to cut short, to shorten), kürzen (abridge, ax, axe, cancel, curtail, cut, dock, prune, reduce, retrench, take up, to abbreviate, to abridge, to clip, to curtail, to shorten). (various references)

Greek		κονταίνω (curtail, take up), μικραίνω (diminish, draw in, lessen, wane). (various references)

Hebrew		לקצר (abbreviate, curtail, cut across, short), ל�"תקצר (become shorter). (various references)

Hungarian		rövidít (abbreviate, abridge, curtail, to abbreviate, to abridge, to take a short cut). (various references)

Indonesian		memperpendek (abridge), memendekkan (abridge, curtail). (various references)

Italian		abbreviare (abbreviate, abridge, curtail, cut short), accorciare (abbreviate, abridge, become shorten, curtail). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		詰める (to pack, to shorten, to work out details). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		きりつめる (to economize, to reduce, to shorten), つめる (to pack, to shorten, to work out), へらす (to abate, to decrease, to diminish, to shorten), ちぢめる (to boil down, to reduce, to shorten, to shrink). (various references)

Korean		단축시키십시�". (various references)

Malay		singkat (abbreviate, abridge, curtail), menyingkat (abbreviate, abridge, curtail). (various references)

Manx		jannoo giare, girraghey (abbreviate, abridge, abridgement, abridging, contract, foreshorten, shortening), aagherraghey. (various references)

Papiamen		abreviá (abbreviate, abridge, curtail). (various references)

Pig Latin		ortenshay

Polish		skrócić. (various references)

Portuguese		resumir (abbreviate, abridge, abstract, boil down, brief, compact, compress, condense, digest, epizootic, extract, precise, resume, sum up, summarize, wind up), reduzir (Bate, boil down, curtail, cut, decrease, diminish, lessen, minify, minimize, reduce, restrict, retrench, scale, scrimp, sink, skimp, slash, to reduce, weaken, wear down, write off), limitar (abridge, bind, border, bound, cabin, check, circumscribe, condition, confine, contain, cramp, define, dock, gaolbird, hedge, jailbird, limit, narrow, number, put a lid on, qualify, restrict, retrench, scant, specialize, terminate, tie, verge), ficar menor (shrink), encurtar (abridge, contract, curtail, dock, lessen, take in), diminuir (abate, abridge, assuage, commute, cut down, dampen, decline, decrease, derogate, detract, diminish, dock, dwarf, dyad, extenuate, fall, impair, lessen, lower, mince, minify, pass off, rebate, reduce, relax, retrench, shrink, sink, wear down, Whittle), abreviar (abbreviate, abridge). (various references)

Romanian		prescurta (abbreviate, abridge, condense, curtail, reduce, riddle). (various references)

Russian		сокращать (abbreviate, abridge, blue pencil, blue-pencil, condense, constrict, contract, curtail, cut, cut back, divide out, dock, epitomize, pare, pare away, razee, reduce, shortens). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		skratiti (abbreviate, abridge, curtail, cut short, detruncate, foreshorten, reduce, syncopate, telescope, truncate), skraćivati (make shorter, telescope), potkratiti (dock). (various references)

Spanish		abreviar (abbreviate, abridge, be quick, boil down, curtail, cut short), acortar (abbreviate, abridge, clip, curtail, cut back, cut short, turn up). (various references)

Swedish		förkortas, förkorta (abbreviate, abridge, curtail, cut, encapsulate, reduce, short circuit, telescope), avkorta (condense, curtail, truncate). (various references)

Turkish		yelkeni sarıp küçültmek, yağ katarak kıvamına getirmek, kisaltmak (abbreviate, abridge, curtail), kısaltmak (abbreviate, abridge, cancel, clip, compress, curtail, cut down, dock, edit, make shorter, prune, reduce, retrench, short circuit, summarize, take up), kısalmak (close in, close upon, draw in, run up, shrink), azaltmak (abate, alleviate, appease, attenuate, ax, axe, Bate, cut back, cut down on, deaden, decrease, depress, derogate, detract, diminish, dock, fade in, impair, lessen, make a dent in, minimize, mitigate, put down, reduce, retrench, scale down, sink, slim down, step back, step down, taper off), azalmak (abate, be on the wane, be reduced, decay, decline, decrease, de-escalate, diminish, dive, drop off, dwindle, ease off, fall away, fall off, lessen, run short of, run short of smth., sag, scale down, shrink, sink, tail, wane, wear away). (various references)

Turkmen		kiзeltmek, kiзelmek (decrease, diminish), kelteltmek, gysgaltmak. (various references)

Ukranian		урізувати (ax, axe, castrate, curtail, lop away, lop off, pare, scant, scrimp, truncate), скорочуватися (become shorter, diminish, dwindle, shrink, thin off), скорочувати (abate, abbreviate, abridge, ax, axe, blue pencil, boil down, cancel, castrate, curtail, cut, lop away, lop off, prune, retrench, shrink). (various references)

Welsh		cwtogi (abridge, curtail), byr.hau (abbreviate, abridge). (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

Language	Period	Translations
Latin	500 BCE-Modern	adbreviasti, adbreviata, adbreviatus, adbreviavit, breviabuntur, breviandi, brevians, breviantes, breviasset, breviata, breviati, breviatum, breviavit. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

Language	Date	Source	Mark Chapter 13, Verse 20
Greek (transliterated)	250 BC	Septuagint	Kai ei mh kurioV ekolobwsen taV hmeraV ouk an eswqh pasa sarx alla dia touV eklektouV ouV exelexato ekolobwsen taV hmeraV
Latin	405	Vulgate	Et nisi breviasset Dominus dies non fuisset salva omnis caro sed propter electos quos elegit breviavit dies
Old English	990	West Saxon	Ænd gyf drihten þas dages ne ge-scyrte.nan flæsc ne wurðe hal ac forþam ge-corenen þe he ge-cheas he scyrte þadages.
Middle English	1395	Wyclif	And but the Lord hadde abredgide tho daies, al fleische hadde not be saaf; but for the chosun whiche he chees, the Lord hath maad schort the daies.
Renaissance English	1526	Tyndale	And excepte yt the Lorde shuld shorten those dayes no ma shuld be saved. But for the electes sake which he hath chosen he hath shortened those dayes.
Jacobean English	1611	King James	And except that the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh should be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.
Victorian English	1833	Webster	And except the Lord had shortened those days, no flesh would be saved: but for the elect's sake, whom he hath chosen, he hath shortened the days.
Basic English	1964	Ogden	And if the Lord had not made the time short, no flesh would have been kept from destruction; but because of the saints he has made the time short.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Language	Mark Chapter 13, Verse 20
Cebuano	Ug kon ang gidaghanon niadtong mga adlawa wala pa pagkubsi sa Ginoo, wala untay tawong maluwas; apan tungod sa mga pinili nga iyang gipili, iyang gikubsan kadtong mga adlawa.
Croatian	I kad Gospodin ne bi skratio dane one, nitko se ne bi spasio. No poradi izabranih, koje on sebi izabra, skratio je on te dane."
Danish	Og dersom Herren ikke afkortede de dage, da blev intet Kød frelst; men for de udvalgtes Skyld, som han har udvalgt, har han afkortet de Dage
Dutch	En indien de Heere de dagen niet verkort had, geen vlees zou behouden worden; maar om der uitverkorenen wil, die Hij heeft uitverkoren, heeft Hij de dagen verkort.
Finnish	Ja ellei Herra lyhentäisi niitä päiviä, ei mikään liha pelastuisi; mutta valittujen tähden, jotka hän on valinnut, hän on lyhentänyt ne päivät.
French	Et, si le Seigneur n`avait abrégé ces jours, personne ne serait sauvé; mais il les a abrégés, � cause des élus qu`il a choisis.
Gaelic	Agus mur a giorraicheadh an Tighearna na laithean sin, cha bhiodh duine sam bith tiaruinte: ach air son nan daoine taghte, a thagh e, giorraichidh e na laithean sin.
German	Und so der HERR diese Tage nicht verkürzt hätte, würde kein Mensch selig: aber um der Auserwählten willen, die er auserwählt hat, hat er auch diese Tage verkürzt.
Haitian Creole	Si Mèt la pa t' deside wete kèk jou sou jou sa yo, pesonn pa t'ap sove. Men, li wete sou jou sa yo poutèt moun li chwazi pou la ak li yo.
Hungarian	És ha az Úr meg nem rövidítette volna azokat a napokat, egyetlen test sem menekülne meg; de a választottakért, a kiket kiválasztott, megrövidítette azokat a napokat.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari	Sekiranya Allah tidak memperpendek masa itu, maka tidak ada seorang pun yang selamat. Tetapi karena umat-Nya, Allah memperpendek masa itu.
Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama	Dan jikalau sekiranya masa itu tiada disingkatkan oleh Tuhan, niscaya tiada seorang pun selamat; tetapi karena sebab segala orang pilihan yang telah dipilih-Nya, disingkatkan-Nyalah segala hari itu.
Italian	Se il Signore non abbreviasse quei giorni, nessun uomo si salverebbe. Ma a motivo degli eletti che si è scelto ha abbreviato quei giorni.
Maori	Me i kahore hoki aua ra i poroa i waenga e te Ariki, e kore tetahi kikokiko e ora: otira ka whakaaroa te hunga whiriwhiri i whiriwhiria e ia, a poroa ana aua ra i waenga.
Norwegian	Og dersom ikke Herren forkortet de dager, da blev intet kjød frelst; men for de utvalgtes skyld, for deres skyld som han har utvalgt, har han forkortet de dager.
Portuguese	Se o Senhor não abreviasse aqueles dias, ninguém se salvaria mas ele, por causa dos eleitos que escolheu, abreviou aqueles dias.
Rumanian	Wi dacq n`ar fi scurtat Domnul zilele acelea, nimeni n`ar scqpa; dar le -a scurtat din pricina celor alewi.
Shuar	Tura Uunt Yus Wáitsatin tsawantan ishichik awajsattajai Tíchaitkuinkia, uwempratin penké atsuinti. Tura ni shuarin anaikiamia nuna Yáintajtsa wakerak, nu tsawantan ishichik awajsattawai.
Swahili	Kama Bwana asingepunguza siku hizo, hakuna binadamu ambaye angeokolewa. Lakini kwa ajili ya wateule wake, Bwana amezipunguza siku hizo.
Swedish	Och om Herren icke förkortade den tiden, så skulle intet kött bliva frälst; men för de utvaldas skull, för de människors skull, som han har utvalt, har han förkortat den tiden.
Uma	Aga naredehi moto mpai' Pue' Ala tempo kaparia toe, apa' ane uma naredehi tempo-na, bate uma ria haduaa to tuwu'. Jadi', apa' napoka'ahi' -ra tauna to napelihi pai' to napobagia, toe pai' naredehi mpai' tempo kaparia toe.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Derivations
	Words beginning with "shorten": shortened, shortener, shorteners, shortening, shortenings, shortens. (additional references)
	Words ending with "shorten": foreshorten. (additional references)
	Words containing "shorten": foreshortened, foreshortening, foreshortens. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Shorten" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: horten, khurtan, Schotten, shatran, sheren, Shireen, Shorden, Shorshan, shorta, shorte, shortend, Shorton, shortpen, shunten, Shurston, shutten, storten, Storton, Zghorta. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "shorten" (pronounced shô"rtun)
4	-r t u n	carton, dishearten, hearten, kindergarten, marten, Martin, Parton, spartan, tartan.
3	-t u n	actin, badminton, batten, beaten, begotten, biotin, bitten, Boston, boughten, Bouton, brighten, bulletin, Burton, button, Canton, capstan, captain, certain, charlatan, chieftain, clandestine, cosmopolitan, cotton, craton, curtain, Dalton, dentin, eaten, enlighten, exoskeleton, fatten, flatten, forgotten, fountain, frighten, frostbitten, gelatin, gluten, gotten, guncotton, handwritten, heighten, highfalutin, intermountain, intestine, jetton, kitten, lighten, litten, lovastatin, Manhattan, Melton, metropolitan, misbegotten, mitten, molten, mountain, mutton, nekton, Newton, overwritten, Patten, phytoplankton, piston, plankton, plantain, platen, pleasing, ponton, predestine, prolactin, puritan, rewritten, rotten, Samaritan, satin, Seton, Sexton, Singleton, skeleton, smitten, straighten, sultan, sweeten, teston, threaten, tighten, Titan, Triton, tungsten, typewritten, unbeaten, unbutton, uncertain, underwritten, unwritten, verboten, wanton, wheaten, whiten, written.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Direct Anagrams: hornets, thrones.
	Words within the letters "e-h-n-o-r-s-t"
	-1 letter: ethnos, herons, honers, honest, hornet, horste, nestor, norths, nosher, noters, nother, others, reshot, senhor, stoner, tenors, tensor, thorns, throes, throne, toners, trones.
	-2 letters: ethos, hents, herns, heron, heros, hoers, honer, hones, horns, horse, horst, hosen, nerts, north, noter, notes, onset, other, rents, roset, rotes, senor, seton, shent, shoer, shone, shore, shorn, short.
	Words containing the letters "e-h-n-o-r-s-t"
	+1 letter: bethorns, honester, horniest, northers, notchers, ornithes, shortens, southern.
	+2 letters: anchorets, buhrstone, dethrones, enthrones, erythrons, honeworts, hornstone, horsemint, inthrones, northeast, northerns, northwest, otherness, overhunts, senhorita, shortened, shortener, shortness, southerns, thermions, thorniest, thornless, threnodes, undershot, unthrones.
	+3 letters: anastrophe, anchorites, anorthites, antechoirs, antiheroes, birthstone, buhrstones, chondrites, dethroners, endotherms, erythrosin, firethorns, foxhunters, frothiness, headstrong, heteronyms, holstering, hornstones, horsemints, housefront, housetrain, inheritors, mentorship, nephrotics, nethermost, newsworthy, nonhunters, northeasts, northwests, ornithines, ornithoses, overnights, overthinks, phenocryst, pothunters, reshooting, rhinestone, rhodonites, senhoritas, shoestring, shorefront, shorteners, shortening, shotgunner, smothering, southerner, stenotherm, theorising, thorniness, threnodies, threnodist, threonines, thunderous, thyroxines, trihedrons, truncheons, undershoot, unworthies, worthiness.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

53 68 6F 72 74 65 6E

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

⁼

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

... .... --- .-. - . -.

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01010011 01101000 01101111 01110010 01110100 01100101 01101110

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#83 &#104 &#111 &#114 &#116 &#101 &#110

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0053 0068 006F 0072 0074 0065 006E

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

53748184867180

Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions:
woordeboek, fjalor, ‏معجم, ‏قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて�", ディクショナリー , じり�", じしょ, �'�"かい, ディクショナリ , 사� �, dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary;
definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, ‏الوضوحية في الشيء, ‏حد, ‏تحديد, ‏تعريف, ‏التحديد, ‏الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, �"�'�"ר�", �"�'בל�", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ�'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, � �의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition;
vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ‏ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ‏ترجمة, ‏إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור�'מ� ות, תר�'ום, �"עתק�", �"עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい�"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, �"うどく, ほ�"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ�"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th� nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation;
Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, ‏الألبانية, ‏الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿�"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알�"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian;
Arabies, arabishte, ‏العربية, ‏عربي, ‏اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, � าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic;
Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, ‏البلغارية, ‏بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保� 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, �'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian;
Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, ‏الصينية, ‏لغة الصين, ‏صيني, ‏الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита�"ць, for Chinese;
Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, ‏تشيكي, ‏اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, ‏التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체�", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech;
Deens, danisht, danishte, ‏لغة الدانمركية, ‏نوع كعك, ‏دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו�'ת שמרים, �"� י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish;
Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, ‏هولندي, ‏اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, �"ול� �"י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란�"�, Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน�"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน�"์, � รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b� xã", for Dutch;
‏الاسبرانتو لغة دولية, Esperantu, есперанто, 世界语, esperanton, espéranto, εσπεράντο, אספר� טו, eszperanto, eszperantó, エスキモー犬 , エスペラント , эсперанто, Eseperano, esperanto, Kiesperanto, � าษาที่ประ�"ิษฐ์ขึ้นเพื่อใช้เป็น� าษากลางในการสื่อสารระหว่างประเทศ ซึ่งรากศัพท์ส่วนใหญ่�, esperanto dili, tiếng etperantô, for esperanto;
Farsi, Parsi, persiskt, Fasi, for Farsi;
Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, ‏اللغة الفنلندية, ‏فنلندية, ‏فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי� י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란�"�, Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish;
Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, ‏فرنسي, ‏اللغة الفرنسية, ‏الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス�" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ�", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, �"�랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French;
Fries, фризийски, фризиец, Frison, Frysk, Friese, fríz, frisone, Freeshlannish, Freeshlannagh, frisão, frizian, фризский, фриз, frizijac, frizijski, frisio, fris, frizye'li kimse, frizye'li, frizye dili, frizye ile ilgili, фризький, фризька мова, for Frisian;
Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ‏ضرب من الرقص, ‏جرماني, ‏المانية, ‏الماني, ‏اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, �"ερμανός, gjermanisht, �'רמ� י, �'רמ� ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, � าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German;
Grieks, Griek, ‏الإغريقي, ‏يوناني, ‏اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו� ית, יו� י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア�", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b� gi� gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l� kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek;
Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, ‏يهودي, ‏عبري, ‏اليهودية, ‏اللغة العبرية, ‏العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ�", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), � าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо�"врейська мова, старо�"врейський, іврит, �"врейський, �"врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew;
Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, ‏الهنغاري, ‏مجري, ‏هنغاري, ‏المجري, ‏اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, �"ו� �'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian;
Indonesies, indonezian, ‏الماليزي أحد أبناء ماليزيا, ‏اللغة الأندونيسية, Indonesiu, индонезийски език, индонезийски, 印度尼西亚语, 印度尼西亞語 , indonéský, indonéština, indonésan, indoneser, Indonesisch, Indisch, Indonesiër, indonesiskt, indonesialainen, indonésien, Yndonesysk, Indonesier, Ινδονήσιος, indonéz, indonesiano, インドネシア語 , インドネシア�", 인도네시아, Indoneesagh, indonésio, indonésia, индонезийский, индонезиец, Indtasisian, indonezijski, indonežanin, indonesio, indones, Indonesyo, endonezya'ya ait, endonezyalı, endonezya dili, endonezya, індонезі�"ць, індонезійський, індонезійська мова, індонезійка, người In-ddô-nê-xi-a tiếng In-ddô-nê-xi-a, for Indonesian;
Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, ‏شخص إيطالي, ‏اللغة الإيطالية, ‏الإيطالي, ‏إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, � าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі�"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian;
korean, ‏كوري شمالي, ‏اللغة الكورية, ‏كوري جنوبي, ‏كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, �"國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре�"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean;
Slams, Maleis, malajas, малайски, малайски език, 馬來 , malais, malaiisch, malaie, Malaye, malaiin, maláj, malese, Yn Valay, malaio, malaxar, malaiez, малайский, малаец, malajski jezik, malajski, malajac, malayo, malajisk, malayalı, malaya, malaya dili, мала�"ць, малайська мова, малайський, малайка, người Mã lai tiếng Mã lai, for Malay;
gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэ�

Expression	Frequency per Day
shorten	33
home shorten	32
band shorten watch	4
shorten url	4
midi shorten	3
george shorten	3
home modular shorten	3
mp3 shorten	2
shorten window	2
mortgage shorten	2
file shorten	2
menstruation shorten	2
shn shorten	2
shorten mini blind	2
period shorten	2
cycle menstrual shorten	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Shorten

Definitions: Shorten

Shorten

Verb

Specialty Definitions: Shorten

Synonyms: Shorten

Synonyms within Context: Shorten

Contraction

Nonincrease, Decrease

Shortness

Slowness

Crosswords: Shorten

Modern Usage: Shorten

Screenplays

Clever

Commercial Usage: Shorten

Books

Music

Photo Album: Shorten

Familiar Quotations: Shorten

Benjamin Franklin

Charles Buxton

Historic Usage: Shorten

Treaty of Versailles

Use in Literature: Shorten

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

Non-Fiction Usage: Shorten

Lexicography

Devil's Dictionary

Usage Frequency: Shorten

Name Usage Frequency: Shorten

Expressions: Shorten

Frequency of Internet Keywords: Shorten

Modern Translations: Shorten

Afrikaan

Albanian

Arabic

Bulgarian

Chinese

Czech

Danish

Dutch

Esperanto

Farsi

Finnish

French

Frisian

German

Greek

Hebrew

Hungarian

Indonesian

Italian

Japanese Kanji

Japanese Katakana

Korean

Malay

Manx

Papiamen

Pig Latin

Polish

Portuguese

Romanian

Russian

Serbo-Croatian

Spanish

Swedish

Turkish

Turkmen

Ukranian

Welsh

Ancestral Language Translations: Shorten

Bible Trace: Shorten

Matched Bible Translations: Shorten

Derivations & Misspellings: Shorten

Derivations

Misspellings

Rhyming with "Shorten"

Anagrams: Shorten