Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Shift |
ShiftNoun1. An event in which something is displaced without rotation. 2. A qualitative change. 3. The time period during which you are at work. 4. The act of changing one thing or position for another; "his switch on abortion cost him the election". 5. The act of moving from one place to another; "his constant shifting disrupted the class". 6. (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other; "they built it right over a geological fault". 7. A group of workers who work for a specific period of time. 8. A woman's sleeveless undergarment. 9. A loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders without a waist. Verb1. Make a shift in or exchange of; "First Joe led; then we switched". 2. Change place or direction; "Shift one's position". 3. Move around; "transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket". 4. Move very slightly; "He shifted in his seat". 5. Move from one setting or context to another; "shift the emphasis"; "shift one's attention". 6. Change in quality; "His tone shifted". 7. Move and exchange for another; "shift the date for our class reunion". 8. Move sideways or in an unsteady way, as of a ship or a vehicle out of control. 9. Move abruptly. 10. : lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; "switch to a different brand of beer"; "She switched psychiatrists"; "The car changed lanes". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "shift" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1200. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | SHIFT Scalable Heterogeneous Integrated Facility Testbed. A parallel processing project at CERN. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Building & Civil Engineering | Lateral displacement of a circular curve, measured along the radius, consequent upon the introduction of a transition curve. Source: European Union. (references) |
Finance | The shifts in the gold and foreign exchange components of total reserves. . Source: European Union. (references) |
Labor | The stated daily working period for a group of employees e. g. 7 a. m. to 4 p. m. . . Source: European Union. (references) |
Language | In the composition of standing helped improve the prices. Source: European Union. (references) |
| The patient will close the teeth. . . the dentures may shift on the ridges. . Source: European Union. (references) | |
Law | A regularly scheduled period of work during the 24-hour day. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mechanical Engineering | To alter the position of a machine part in relation to other parts of the same machine. Source: European Union. (references) |
Metallurgy | A pronounced mismatch of the top and bottom parts of the mould causing an inaccurate casting. Sometimes called shift. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. A small fault or slip. See also:subsidence b. A fault or dislocation. c. The maximum relative displacement of points on opposite sides of a fault and far enough from it to be outside the dislocated zone. Also called net shift. See also:dip shift; normal shift; strike shift; vertical shift. d. The number of hours or the part of any day worked. Also called tour e. The gang of workers employed for the period, such as the day shift orthe night shift. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The word paradigm comes from the Greek word παράδειγμα (paradeigmia) which means "pattern" or "example", from the word παραδεικνύναι (paradeiknunai) meaning "demonstrate".
Linguistic Paradigms
In linguistics a paradigm is a schema or table of all available inflections for a certain word.
Epistemological Paradigms
From the late 1800s the word paradigm has been used as an epistemological term to denote a "thought pattern" in scientific disciplines.
The most popular use of the word in this context was by philosopher Thomas Kuhn who used it to describe a set of practices in science. It was and is widely abused. Kuhn himself came to prefer the terms exemplar and normal science, which have more exact philosophical meaning. However, in his book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Kuhn defines a scientific paradigm as:
The formally-defined term groupthink, and the term mindset, have very similar meanings that apply to smaller and larger scale examples of disciplined thought. Michel Foucault used the terms episteme and discourse, mathesis and taxinomia, for aspects of a "paradigm" in Kuhn's original sense. Read more about this in the paradigm shift, sociology of knowledge and philosophy of science articles, where these words are placed in context.
- What is to be observed and scrutinized.
- The kind of questions that are supposed to be asked and probed for answers in relation to this subject.
- How these questions are to be put.
- How the results of scientific investigations should be interpreted.
Other Uses
Probably the most common use of the word paradigm is in the sense of weltanschauung. For example, in social science, the term is used to describe the set of experiences, beliefs and values that affect the way an individual perceives reality and responds to that perception. Social scientists have adopted the Khunian phrase "paradigm shift" to denote a particular social phenomena rather than what was originally meant by Khun's study on the practices and development of science. Even occultists, notably chaos magicians, use the term - to describe a shift in personal belief systems concerning magic (magic theory).
Some language purists feel that among "business philosophers" and advocates of any type of change whatsoever, the term paradigm is so widely abused that it bears no meaning whatsoever. Some believe it should be abolished from the English language, and formal studies of this show it as one of the most disliked words in English.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Paradigm."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
SHIFT | English | System for health control of imports from third countries at frontier inspection posts(Shift project) | Food & Agriculture, Business |
SHIFT | Italian | Tecnica di fecondazione artificiale con trasferimento del seme nella tuba durante isteroscopia | Medicine |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ShiftSynonyms: break (n), chemise (n), displacement (n), duty period (n), fault (n), fracture (n), geological fault (n), sack (n), shifting (n), shimmy (n), slip (n), switching (n), teddies (n), teddy (n), transformation (n), transmutation (n), work shift (n), agitate (v), budge (v), careen (v), change (v), change over (v), dislodge (v), lurch (v), pitch (v), reposition (v), stir (v), sway (v), switch (v), tilt (v), transfer (v), wobble (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Change | Verb: change, alter, vary, wax and wane; modulate, diversify, qualify, tamper with; turn, shift, veer, tack, chop, shuffle, swerve, warp, deviate, turn aside, evert, intervert; pass to, take a turn, turn the corner, resume. |
Changeableness | Verb: fluctuate, vary, waver, flounder, flicker, flitter, flit, flutter, shift, shuffle, shake, totter, tremble, vacillate, wamble, turn and turn about, ring the changes; sway to and fro, shift to and fro; change and change about; waffle, blow with the wind (irresolute); oscillate; vibrate between, two extremes, oscillate between, two extremes; alternate; have as man phases as the moon. |
Clothing | Body clothes; linen; hickory shirt; shirt, sark, smock, shift, chemise; night gown, negligee, dressing gown, night shirt; bedgown, sac de nuit. |
Continuance in action | Verb: be converted into; become, get, wax; come to, turn to, turn into, evolve into, develop into; turn out, lapse, shift; run into, fall into, pass into, slide into, glide into, grow into, ripen into, open into, resolve itself into, settle into, merge into, emerge as; melt, grow, come round to, mature, mellow; assume the form of, assume the shape of, assume the state of, assume the nature of, assume the character of; illapse; begin a new phase, assume a new phase, undergo a change. |
Cunning | Art, artifice; device, machination; plot; (plan); maneuver, stratagem, dodge, sidestep, artful dodge, wile; trick, trickery; (deception); ruse, ruse de guerre; finesse, side blow, thin end of the wedge, shift, go by, subterfuge, evasion; white lie; (untruth); juggle, tour de force; tricks of the trade, tricks upon travelers; espieglerie; net, trap. |
Deviation | Intervert; deflect; divert, divert from its course; put on a new scent, shift, shunt, draw aside, crook, warp. |
Dissuasion | Pretense; (untruth); put off, dust thrown in the eyes; blind; moonshine; mere pretext, shallow pretext; lame excuse, lame apology; tub to a whale; false plea, sour grapes; makeshift, shift, white lie; special pleading; (sophistry); soft sawder; (flattery). |
Motion | Verb: be in motion; Adjective: move, go, hie, gang, budge, stir, pass, flit; hover about, hover round, hover about; shift, slide, glide; roll, roll on; flow, stream, run, drift, sweep along; wander; (deviate); walk; change one's place, shift one's place, change one's quarters, shift one's quarters; dodge; keep going, keep moving; |
Plan | Contrivance, invention, expedient, receipt, nostrum, artifice, device; pipelaying; stratagem; (cunning); trick; (deception); alternative, loophole; shift;contrivance, invention, expedient, receipt, nostrum, artifice, device; pipelaying; stratagem; (cunning); trick; (deception); alternative, loophole; shift; (substitute); last shift; (necessity). |
Substitution | Subs ersatz, makeshift, temporary expedient, replacement, succedaneum; shift, pis aller, stopgap, jury rigging, jury mast, locum tenens, warming pan, dummy, scapegoat; double; changeling; quid pro quo, alternative. |
Transference | Verb: transfer, transmit, transport, transplace, transplant, translocate; convey, carry, bear, fetch and carry; carry over, ferry over; hand pass, forward; shift; conduct, convoy, bring, fetch, reach; tote; port, import, export. |
Untruth | Pretense, pretext; false plea; subterfuge, evasion, shift, shuffle, make-believe; sham; (deception). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I know, but I felt like taking a shift. (The Matrix; writing credit: Andy Wachowski; Larry Wachowski) Leon, somewhere in Libya right now, a janitor's working the night shift at Libyan Intelligence headquarters (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin) Charlie, that's the stick shift! (Caroline in the City; writing credit: Angela Carneiro) Shift Into Turbo (Power Rangers Turbo; writing credit: Brett Born; Shell Danielson) Do you think you could shift the gears (Charmed; writing credit: Colman deKay) | |
Lyrics | Keep hittin, and shift blocks for that cali dough (Can't Deny It; performing artist: Fabolous) Push the shift to overdrive (To the Moon and Back; performing artist: Savage Garden) Shift your arm then you pull it back (Walk Like An Egyptian; performing artist: The Bangles) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Night Shift (1956) Swing Shift Cinderella (1945) Yankee Doodle Swing Shift (1942) Night Shift (1941) Double Shift (1998) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Satellite Operations Control Center (SOCC) shift supervisor Jim Nichols at the TIROS-N Spacecraft Engineer's Console. Credit: NOAA in Space. | ![]() | B-52 Night Shift. |
![]() | Night shift in a glass factory. Credit: National Library of Medicine. | ![]() | Jeff's last shift. Capture of Jeff. Davis. May 10th 1865, at Irwinsville, Ga. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | The upstream face of Boulder Dam during the night shift. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | A Ukrainian girl prepares a meal for her family on a make shift stove in a concentration camp at Salzburg, Austria / Signal Corps photo. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Four o'clock shift, Ford Motor Company, Detroit, Mich. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Workers in canning plant during change of shift. Many of these are migratory. Polk County, Florida. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Miners changing shift, Birmingham, Alabama. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Jeff's last shift. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
A. C. Swinburne | We shift and bedeck and bedrape us, thou art noble and nude and antique. |
Laurence Sterne | Our passion and principals are constantly in a frenzy, but begin to shift and waver, as we return to reason. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | All which seems no more than that duty, which God and nature has laid on man, as well as other creatures, to preserve their offspring, till they can be able to shift for themselves, and will scarce amount to an instance or proof of parents regal authority. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Punctuality | Carroll, Lewis | Let every hour be in its place Firm fixed, nor loosely shift, And well enjoy the vacant space, As though a birthday gift |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Mae watched them get into the great truck, watched it lumber off in low gear, and heard the shift up the whining gears to cruising ratio |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | I made a shift to keep the key in a pocket of my own, fearing Glumdalclitch might lose it. |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | They make shift to live merely by conformity, practically as their fathers did, and are in no sense the progenitors of a noble race of men. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The white blood cell count tends to be raised with a marked left shift. (references) | |
With the shift in heroin abuse patterns comes an even more diverse group of users. (references) | ||
The number and severity of workplace accidents also tend to increase during the night shift. (references) | ||
Business | A shift of government budget policy in an expansive direction has reinforced this trend. (references) | |
However, as new investments come on line, U.S. imports will shift from one area to another. (references) | ||
There has been a shift towards larger HDB apartments mainly due to higher living standards and rising expectations. (references) | ||
Children | Italy | Schooling is free and compulsory for children from age 7 to age 18; those unable (or unwilling) to follow the academic curriculum are allowed to shift to vocational training at age 15. This reform was intended to reverse the middle and secondary school dropout rate, which historically has been high. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Sri Lanka | Fighting between Government and the LTTE has displaced hundreds of thousands of persons, with many displaced multiple times as front lines shift. (references) |
Economic History | Switzerland | In recent years, Switzerland has seen a gradual shift in the party landscape. (references) |
Human Rights | Mexico | Control is difficult with 60 guards available on each shift to monitor more than 3,000 prisoners and up to 1,500 visitors daily. (references) |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | Resources remain limited, but shift adjustments and reorganization of guard posts reportedly resulted in a heightened sense of security at the prison during the year. (references) | |
Indigenous People | New Zealand | Maori officials continued to express concern over the Government's announcement in November 2000 that it would shift its Closing the Gaps strategy to address socioeconomic disparities rather than race-based disparities. (references) |
Political Economy | Ecuador | That, in turn, is needed to prevent a shift back to state intervention in the economy that could worsen the business climate. (references) |
NETHERLANDS | The new tax regime entails a shift from direct to indirect taxes, a broadening of the tax base, and a reduction of the tax rate on labor. (references) | |
BANGLADESH | Overall, tariff reform in Bangladesh is slow, but Bangladesh is continuing its efforts to shift from a tariff-based revenue system to an income-based one. (references) | |
Trade | Syria | This will force importers of meat, milk powder and butter shift to non-EU sources for these commodities. (references) |
Saudi Arabia | Moreover, there has been a steady and growing shift to retail lending, which provided comparatively higher margins and lower risk factors. (references) | |
Kazakhstan | As of mid-2001, there has not been a noticeable shift of the banking community to Astana and the National Bank has no plans to move to the new capital. (references) | |
Travel | Kenya | The precise areas tend to shift with time. (references) |
Bolivia | There is presently a move afoot both in the public and private sector to shift to the "hora continua", in which the lunch break is reduced to one hour, bringing the end of the day correspondingly earlier. (references) | |
Women | Bosnia and Herzegovina | A woman with underage children may not be required to perform shift work. (references) |
Worker Rights | Portugal | Government agencies have noted a continued gradual shift from child labor in industries to child labor in the home. (references) |
Luxembourg | The law requires rest breaks for shift workers and limits all workers to a maximum of 10 hours per day including overtime. (references) | |
Costa Rica | Nonagricultural workers receive an overtime premium of 50 percent of regular wages for work in excess of the daily work shift. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Joan Lunden | Well, I think we had talked so you know I was looking to get off that morning shift, but the time came where, you know, there were people that came in and new regime. Everybody wanted to put their own thumb prints on something. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | I shall neither shift the burden of executive decisions to the Congress, nor avoid responsibility for the outcome of those decisions. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | Abroad, the shift from old policies to new has not been a retreat from our responsibilities, but a better way to peace. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | The emphasis on our economic efforts must now shift from inflation to jobs. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Shift" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 64.83% of the time. "Shift" is used about 3,244 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 64.83% | 2,103 | 4,133 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 25.32% | 821 | 8,521 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 9.86% | 320 | 16,119 |
| Total | 100.00% | 3,244 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| USA | Fourth Shift Corporation |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "shift": automatic shift ♦ be brought to one's last shift ♦ be driven to one's last shift ♦ be on the night shift ♦ butterfly shift ♦ colorimetric shift ♦ day shift ♦ doppler frequency shift ♦ Doppler shift ♦ evening shift ♦ figure shift ♦ frequency shift ♦ frequency Shift Keying ♦ frequency shift modulation ♦ gel shift assay ♦ graveyard shift ♦ Half shift ♦ last shift ♦ left to shift for oneself ♦ lobster shift ♦ logical shift ♦ logical shift left ♦ logical shift right ♦ make a shift ♦ make shift ♦ midnight shift ♦ night shift ♦ null shift ♦ permanent threshold shift ♦ phase shift ♦ phase shift keying ♦ population shift ♦ red shift ♦ shift about ♦ shift algorithm ♦ shift away ♦ shift blame ♦ shift blame on ♦ shift down ♦ shift for ♦ shift for oneself ♦ shift gear ♦ shift gears ♦ shift In ♦ shift into high ♦ shift key ♦ shift left (or right) logical ♦ shift left logical ♦ shift lever ♦ shift of crops ♦ shift one's ground ♦ shift one's place ♦ shift one's quarters ♦ shift oneself ♦ shift Out ♦ shift pedal ♦ shift position ♦ shift reaction ♦ shift register ♦ shift right logical ♦ shift the scene ♦ shift the scenes ♦ shift up ♦ shift work ♦ shift worker ♦ shift yourself! ♦ sound shift ♦ split shift ♦ stick shift ♦ swing shift ♦ temporary threshold shift ♦ third shift ♦ To make shift ♦ To shift off ♦ To shift the helm ♦ To shift the scene ♦ wind shift ♦ work shift. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "shift": Shift-alt-f, shift-change, shift-charge, shift-jis, shift-key, Shift-lock, shift-out, shift-rate, Shift-tab, shift-work, shift-workers, shift-working. | |
Ending with "shift": band-shift, doppler-shift, make-shift, night-shift, pre-shift, red-shift, topic-shift, two-shift. | |
Containing "shift": frequency-shift-keying, phase-shift-keyed. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
shift knob | 379 | shift racing | 52 |
shift | 181 | blue shift through walk | 50 |
drive a stick shift | 162 | shift schedule | 49 |
night shift nurse | 120 | gear shift knob | 47 |
blue shift | 118 | shift calendar | 45 |
automatic shift knob | 113 | gear shift | 44 |
red shift | 101 | blue cheat shift | 44 |
night shift | 101 | blue cheat half life shift | 39 |
203 linkage np shift | 90 | shift scheduling | 36 |
momo shift knob | 89 | polar shift | 35 |
half life blue shift | 81 | blue half life shift through walk | 33 |
shift work | 79 | night shift nurse hentai | 32 |
pole shift | 75 | fourth shift | 30 |
paradigm shift | 69 | graveyard shift | 30 |
stick shift | 68 | quantum red shift | 29 |
shift boot | 65 | razo shift knob | 29 |
shift kit | 56 | shift apparel | 29 |
driving a stick shift | 55 | bmw shift knob | 28 |
shift light | 54 | shift register | 27 |
flywheels shift standard | 52 | transgo shift kit | 26 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "shift"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | spostim (shunt), zhvendosje (displacement, locomotion, transposal, transposition), zhvendosem (circulate), turn (change, circuit, gang), transmetim (broadcast, communication, movement, remove, translation, transmission), transferoj (assign, circulate, devolve, down-load, draft, draught, move, transfer, translate, trans-ship), ndryshoj (alter, amend, change, differ, diversify, do up, inflect, manipulate, metamorphose, recast, reverse, switch, transform, vary), ndryshim (alteration, amendment, change, difference, disparity, dissimilarity, dissimilation, dissimilitude, distinction, inflection, inflexion, innovation, manipulation, metamorphosis, modification, mutation, permutation, recast, reversal, reverse, shifting, switch, transit, transition, turn, variation), ndërroj vend (circulate, transpose), ndërrim (change, commutation, exchange, permutation, proselytism, substitution, transfiguration), lëkundem (dangle, falter, halt, hang, hesitate, jolt, jumble, nod, nutate, oscillate, pendulate, reel, rock, shake, stagger, sway, swing, totter, vacillate, vibrate, wabble, wallow, wamble, waver, wobble), çalltis (endeavor, endeavour, fare, finagle, rub along). (various references) | |
Arabic | تنقل (get about, locomotion, move), رحل (be moved, carry, depart, expel, flit, itinerant, migrant, move, pack up, part, pass, peregrinate, pull out, relay, remove, send back, slope), ألقى (cast, cast down, deliver, dump, fasten, lay down, lot, recite, set down, throw, throw down), إنتقل (devolve, hand down, lift, move out, switch, transfer), عمل بالمناوبة, عمل النهار, تدبر أمره بنفسه, تحرك (get about, locomotion, move, movement, proceed, stir, wag), تغير (alter, alteration, change, convert, metamorphose, modify, mutate, mutation, range, set of exchange, shift up, swing, turn, variation, vary, vicissitude), تغير السرعة, تغير موضع شىء, تغير في الإتجاه, بدل (allowance, apposition, change, exchange, lieu, quid pro quo, recompense, sit, substitute, supersede, switch, treadle), تناوب (alternate, alternation, relay, rotate, rotation), فترة فاصلة (comma, interlude, interstice, lag, parenthesis), غير (beyond, budge, but, change, commute, fashion, masquerade, metamorphose, mis, modify, modulate, non, overrun, rehash, renew, reverse, revise, shape, switch, switch over, than, transfer, transpose, turn, un-), وردية الليل (nightshift), قميص نسائي داخلي, قميص نسوي, قميص نسوي تحتي, نوتية, نقل (alien, alienate, assign, bandy, carriage, carry, carry forward, communicate, convection, convey, conveyance, copy, deliver, freight, go cart, hand on, handling, pass on, pipe, portage, promotion, propagate, relocate, remove, reproduction, route, take away, tote, transfer, transference, transfuse, transit, transmission, transmit, transport, transportation), مدة العمل, مناوبة (alternation, by fits and starts, relay, rotation, turn of duty, watch), فارق الزمن (lag, time lag), فترة عمل, تغييرة ملابس. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | постепенна промяна, движа се бързо (clip, double, hasten, jump, scour, scud, spank, speed, spin, travel, whirl, zoom), меня (shed, vary), промяна (alteration, change, chop, countermarch, innovation, mutation, permutation, reversal, sea change, transition, transmutation, turn, turnover, variance, variation), променям (alter, change, change to, differentiate, graduate, leaven, modify, mutate, remodel, reshape, reverse, shade, turn, vary), прехвърлям се (get over, remove, transfer), обръщам посоката, премествам (displace, heave, move, offset, remove, shunt, switch over, transfer, translate, translocate, transpose), отсед, помествам (budge, insert, move, move aside, place, publish), изяждам (clip, consume, dispose of, eat up, manage), изхитрям се (contrive), извъртам (boggle, dodge, double talk, equivocate, pull round, screw, shuffle, sophisticate, tergiversate, twist, wangle, whiffle), изместване (displacement, lag, offset), изпивам (consume, down, drain, drink, drink up, lower, put away, suck down, suck up, take off), превключване (change over, reverse), риза (envelope, shirt), уловка (ruse, snare, trepan, wile), скорост (bat, milage, mileage, pace, rapidity, rate, speed, swiftness, velocity), смяна (alternation, change, exchange, interchange, relay, rotation, transfer, turn, vicissitude), сменяне (interchange, relief), сменям (alternate, change, change off, change round, exchange, interchange, relay, spell, swap, switch over to, throw, transfer), местя (disturb, move, move about, relocate, remove), разместване (dislocation, reversal, shuffle, translocation), средство (agency, contrivance, device, help, instrumentality, instrumentation, means, medium, pry, recourse, remedy, resort, resource, tool, weapon), хитрина (catch, contrivance, craft, craftiness, deceit, dodgery, expedient, fetch, foxiness, legerdemain, trickery, wheeze, wile, wiliness), тясна невталена рокля, шикалкавя (boggle, fence, hedge, quibble, shuffle, stall), косо изместване, карам криво-ляво (shift for oneself), въдица (fishhook, hook), справям се (acquit oneself, cope, do well, get along, get through, hold one's own, hold up, manage, refer, shift for oneself, tackle). (various references) | |
Chinese | 轉移 (divert, migrate), 转移 (Abalienate, metastasis, Shifted, shifting, Transferred, Transferring), 搬 (move, remove, transport), 替換 (exchange, switch). (various references) | |
Czech | smìna (inning, relay), posun (advance), řadit (gear up), hnát se (belt, career, hurtle, plunge, pursue, push on, race, rush, shoot, spurt, tear along, urge), kalit to, kopnout do sebe, mìnit (disguise), mìnit se (mutate), přesun (displacement), úskok (dodge, game, jink, ruse, stratagem, subterfuge, trick, trickery, wile), pomùcka (tool), zmìna (alteration, amendment, break, change, changeover, mutation, relief, revision, transformation, variance, variation, vicissitude), posunout (put over), výmìna (change, exchange, renewal, replacement, reversal, swap, switch, truck), výmysl (contraption, fable, fabrication, fantasy, fiction, invention, story), zbavit se èeho (clear off, do away with, get rid of smth., make away with, work off), zblajznout, zlom (change), pohnout z místa. (various references) | |
Danish | skiftearbejde, skifte (operating, switching), skift (offset), udligning (compensation, conditioning, equalisation, equalization, equalizing, offset, reconciliation, regeneration), partsforskydning (cross-joint, mismatch, variation), hold (batch, batch of animals, fastener, obstruction), forskydning af formparterne indbyrdes (cross joint), forskydning (accident, cross-joint, discomposition, dislocation, displacement, disturbance, key offset, knocking out, mismatch, offset, rack, shear, shearing, shog, variation), forskyde (change the position, displace, faulting, stagger). (various references) | |
Dutch | verschuiving (cross-joint, displacement, fault, mismatch, rift, variation). (various references) | |
Esperanto | forŝovo, forŝoviĝo. (various references) | |
Farsi | تغییرمکان (Move, Movement), ابتکار (Contraption, Gumption, Improvisation, Industry, Initiative, Invention, Knack, Originality, Resource, Shebang), استعداد (Amplitude, Aptitude, Aptness, Art, Brilliance, Caliber, Capacity, Genius, Gift, Ingenuity, Knack, Liability, Property, Tendency, Turquoise, Verve), انتقال (Bail, Conduction, Conveyance, Intuition, Transmission, Transmittal, Turnover), انتقال دادن (Alienate, Demise, Remise, Transmit), تعبیه (Appliance, Improvisation, Shebang), تعویض (Refill, Replacement, Substitute, Switch, Turnover), تعویض کردن (Put, Substitute, Supplant), بوش , تغییرمسیردادن , پخش کردن (Diffuse, Dispread, Distribute, Divide, Scatter, Spread, Strew), تغییرمکان دادن , توطله (Conspiracy, Plot, Underplot), تناوب (Alternation, Frequency), حقه (Bob, Hob, Intake, Knack, Monkeyshine, Trick), نوبت (Heat, Inning, Period, Tour, Turquoise), نوبت کار, نوبتی (Intermittent, Periodic, Serial, Tyupical), نقشه خاءنانه , تغییرجهت (Turquoise). (various references) | |
Finnish | vuoro (figure, turn), siirtää (assign, carry forward, convey, dislodge, displace, endorse, graft, hand over, make ... over, move, remove, transfer, transmit, transplant, transport). (various references) | |
French | poste, déplacer, décalage, équipe (ship). (various references) | |
German | verschiebung (alteration, deferment, deferral, displacement, heave, moving, postponement, remission, shifting, shunting, slip), verschieben (alter, change, defer, delay, dislodge, displace, hold over, leave over, move, postpone, put back, put off, relocate, relocating, remit, ruck up, scrolls, shunt, slant, to displace, to relocate, traffic in), verlagerung (displacement, movement, moving, transfer), umschalten (change, change over, commute, convert, flick a switch, go over, pull a lever, push a lever, switch, switch over, to shift, turn over, zap), schicht (coat, coating, film, layer, level, order, ply, rank, sheet, strata, stratum, streak, thickness). (various references) | |
Greek | μετατοπίζω (displace, move, transpose), μετακινώ (get around, move, move remove, redeploy, remove, shuffle, transfer). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לעתק (copy by carbon, haul, shunt, switch), לזוז (budge, go away, move, stir), ל"עתיק (displace, remove, transfer), ל"זיז (budge, mobilize, move), תמרון (maneuver, manoeuvre, opening gambit), תזוז" (displacement, motion, move, movement, moving), תחבול" (artifice, expedient, fetch, finesse, hatch, machination, mean, ruse, scheme, stratagem, subterfuge, thingumajig thingumabob, trick, wile), תכסיס (manner of conduct, ploy, stratagem, strategy, tactics, trick), שמל" (dress, frock, garment, gown, robe, skirt), ש וי (alteration, change, modification, mutation, revision, studied, turnover, variation), "עתק" (copy, copying, duplication, representation, translation), "עבר" (communication, conveyance, passing, removal, transference), "זז" (displacement, removal, shifting). (various references) | |
Hungarian | eltolódás (dislocation, swing). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pergeseran (mutation, reshuffle, transfer), mengingsut (move up slowly), menggeser (replace, rub against, transfer), aplosan, alih (change position). (various references) | |
Italian | turno (duty, relay, round, sitting, spell, turn, watch), spostare (budge, delay, dislocate, displace, move, remove, scrolls), spostamento (change of position, displacement, movement, moving, postponement), cambio (alteration, change, exchange, exchange rate, gear, I change, relief, tradeoff). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 交替 (alternation, change, relay, relief). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | "うたいい", "うたい (a luminous body, alternation, antibody, backspace, change, exchange, relay, relief, retreat, rise and fall), シフト , へい"ういどう (parallel displacement, translation), て""う (about-face, change schools, conversion, queen of heaven, spotlight, switch, weather, work of nature). (various references) | |
Korean | 교대 (shifting). (various references) | |
Manx | shayll obbree, scughey (budge, dislodge, dislodgement, displace, displacement, evict, eviction, move, moving, quit, removal, remove, scoot, shift about, shifting), jannoo arraghey, arraghey (adjourn, adjournment, change, change course, digress, digression, dislodge, dislodgement, displacement, manoeuvre, motion, move, mutation, removal, remove, trim). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | iftshay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | deslocar (disjoint, dislocate, displace, edge, fork, luxate, move, offset, remove, sneak, splay, translocate). (various references) | |
Romanian | schimbare (about-face, alteration, change, changeableness, chop, conversion, exchange, fluctuation, modification, mutability, mutation, novelty, passage, transformation, unsteadiness, vacillation, variability, variance, variation), schimba (alter, change, chop, commute, convert into, exchange, fashion, improve, interchange, modify, renew, replace, substitute, supersede, supplant, swap, transfigure, transform, transmogrify, transmute, turn, vary), schimbare foneticã, se descurca (contrive, disentangle, extricate oneself, live on one's wits, manage, rub along, rub on, unravel), strãmuta (change, displace, move, remove, transform), subterfugiu (evasion, quibble, quip, subterfuge), schimb (barter, change, compensation, exchange, I change, pair, relay, relief, return, spell, substitute, swap, swop, truck), a-şi schimba direcţia (chop about, chop round, haul, veer), muta (change, displace, hitch, move, pan, permute, re-house, remove), întoarce (crank, geld, put about, repay, retaliate, retort, reverse, revert, set, spade, turn), deplasa (dislocate, dislodge, displace, draw, go, misplace, move away, remove, travel, work), a-şi schimba locul, avea o atitudine nehotãrâtã, şiretlic (catch, device, fake, ruse, sharp practice, shuffle, stratagem, trick, trickery, wile), cãmaşã de noapte (bedgown, night dress, night gown, night shirt), chiţibuş (detail, subtlety, trifle), chichiţã (evasion, stratagem, subterfuge), expedient (expedient, makeshift, substitute), face felul (knock off, make away with), înlocui (change, commute, cover, displace, do duty for, make good, replace, supersede, supplant), modificare (alteration, change, improvement, modification, passage, turn), viclenie (archness, artfulness, astuteness, catch, contrivance, craft, cunning, devilry, finesse, fraud, guile, ruse, subtlety, vicleim, wile), o scoate la capãt (keep the pot boiling, make both ends meet, manage, rub along, rub on), omorî (annihilate, assassinate, bring down, bump, butcher, croak, destroy, dispatch, do for, do in, execute, exhaust, finish, kill, knock off, make an end of, make away with, murder, put smb. on the spot, put to death, send to glory, slaughter, slay, spoil, torment, torture), transfera (assign, cede, deliver, displace, relegate, remise, sign off, transfer), transferare (assignation, delivery, remove, transfer, transferring), mijloc de existenţã. (various references) | |
Russian | уловка (artifice, circumvention, come off, dodge, double cross, expedient, gimmick, put off, ruse, shuffle, stealth, stratagem, strategem, wangle), смена (change, exchange, pair, relay, relief), сдвигать сдвиг, сдвигать (dislocate, skew), сдвиг (dislocation, displacement, shear, shearing, translation, upheaval), менять (barter, change, exchange, swap, swop, vary), перестановка (interchanging, permutation, rearrangement, reshuffle, reversal, reversion, transposal, transposition), переключать скорости, перемещаться (ambulate, traverse), перемещать (displace, move, move down, relocate, remove, resettle, scroll, shifted, shuffle, transfer, translocate, transporting, transpose), перемена (alteration, change, chop, mutation, permutation, relief, reverse, turn), передвинуть (move), передвижение (locomotion, movement). (various references) | |
Scottish | léine (a shirt, shirt, smock, winding-sheet). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | svaliti (dump, knock down, topple), smicalica (artifice, dodge, gimmick, manipulation, trick, wile), smena (change, changing, relief, replacement, tour), rotacija (rotation, spin, twist), promeniti (adjourn, change, reverse, revise, transform, transmogrify, turn around), promena (change, changing, declension, inflection, modification, shifting, transit, transition, vicissitude), probijati se (penetrate), preokret (reversal, switch, turn over, turnover, upheaval, vicissitude, volte-face), premestiti (displace, move, transplant, transpose), premeštaj (transfer, transposal, transposition), prebacivati (transfer), preći (change over, cote, cover, cover ground, cross, go over, march, overpass, pass over, pass through, shade, transit, traverse). (various references) | |
Spanish | corrimiento del molde (cross joint), adelantar (advance, anticipate, bring forward, farther, forego, further, outdistance, outgo, outmarch, outride, outwalk, overhaul, overtake, pass, put forward, put on, set forward, to pass), escapatoria (escape, flight, getaway, loophole, quirk, secret trip), equipo (accouterment, accouterments, apparatus, appointments, crew, equipage, equipment, gang, gear, kit, lot, outfit, party, plant, set, side, squad, tackle, team, things), desplazarse (travel), desplazar (displace), desplazamiento lateral (drift), falla (failure, fault, flaw, void), desencaje en la junta (cross-joint, mismatch, variation), impulsar (act, boost, impel, impulse, move, operate, propel, pump, stir, thrust), corrimiento (slipping), ca |