Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Shift

Definition: Shift

Shift

Noun

1. An event in which something is displaced without rotation.

2. A qualitative change.

3. The time period during which you are at work.

4. The act of changing one thing or position for another; "his switch on abortion cost him the election".

5. The act of moving from one place to another; "his constant shifting disrupted the class".

6. (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other; "they built it right over a geological fault".

7. A group of workers who work for a specific period of time.

8. A woman's sleeveless undergarment.

9. A loose-fitting dress hanging straight from the shoulders without a waist.

Verb

1. Make a shift in or exchange of; "First Joe led; then we switched".

2. Change place or direction; "Shift one's position".

3. Move around; "transfer the packet from his trouser pockets to a pocket in his jacket".

4. Move very slightly; "He shifted in his seat".

5. Move from one setting or context to another; "shift the emphasis"; "shift one's attention".

6. Change in quality; "His tone shifted".

7. Move and exchange for another; "shift the date for our class reunion".

8. Move sideways or in an unsteady way, as of a ship or a vehicle out of control.

9. Move abruptly.

10. : lay aside, abandon, or leave for another; "switch to a different brand of beer"; "She switched psychiatrists"; "The car changed lanes".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "shift" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1200. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: Shift

DomainDefinition

Computing

SHIFT Scalable Heterogeneous Integrated Facility Testbed. A parallel processing project at CERN. Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.

Building & Civil Engineering

Lateral displacement of a circular curve, measured along the radius, consequent upon the introduction of a transition curve. Source: European Union. (references)

Finance

The shifts in the gold and foreign exchange components of total reserves. . Source: European Union. (references)

Labor

The stated daily working period for a group of employees e. g. 7 a. m. to 4 p. m. . . Source: European Union. (references)

Language

In the composition of standing helped improve the prices. Source: European Union. (references)
 The patient will close the teeth. . . the dentures may shift on the ridges. . Source: European Union. (references)

Law

A regularly scheduled period of work during the 24-hour day. Source: European Union. (references)

Mechanical Engineering

To alter the position of a machine part in relation to other parts of the same machine. Source: European Union. (references)

Metallurgy

A pronounced mismatch of the top and bottom parts of the mould causing an inaccurate casting. Sometimes called shift. Source: European Union. (references)

Mining

A. A small fault or slip. See also:subsidence b. A fault or dislocation. c. The maximum relative displacement of points on opposite sides of a fault and far enough from it to be outside the dislocated zone. Also called net shift. See also:dip shift; normal shift; strike shift; vertical shift. d. The number of hours or the part of any day worked. Also called tour e. The gang of workers employed for the period, such as the day shift orthe night shift. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Paradigm

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The word paradigm comes from the Greek word παράδειγμα (paradeigmia) which means "pattern" or "example", from the word παραδεικνύναι (paradeiknunai) meaning "demonstrate".

Linguistic Paradigms

In linguistics a paradigm is a schema or table of all available inflections for a certain word.

Epistemological Paradigms

From the late 1800s the word paradigm has been used as an epistemological term to denote a "thought pattern" in scientific disciplines.

The most popular use of the word in this context was by philosopher Thomas Kuhn who used it to describe a set of practices in science. It was and is widely abused. Kuhn himself came to prefer the terms exemplar and normal science, which have more exact philosophical meaning. However, in his book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions Kuhn defines a scientific paradigm as:

The formally-defined term groupthink, and the term mindset, have very similar meanings that apply to smaller and larger scale examples of disciplined thought. Michel Foucault used the terms episteme and discourse, mathesis and taxinomia, for aspects of a "paradigm" in Kuhn's original sense. Read more about this in the paradigm shift, sociology of knowledge and philosophy of science articles, where these words are placed in context.

Other Uses

Probably the most common use of the word paradigm is in the sense of weltanschauung. For example, in social science, the term is used to describe the set of experiences, beliefs and values that affect the way an individual perceives reality and responds to that perception. Social scientists have adopted the Khunian phrase "paradigm shift" to denote a particular social phenomena rather than what was originally meant by Khun's study on the practices and development of science. Even occultists, notably chaos magicians, use the term - to describe a shift in personal belief systems concerning magic (magic theory).

Some language purists feel that among "business philosophers" and advocates of any type of change whatsoever, the term paradigm is so widely abused that it bears no meaning whatsoever. Some believe it should be abolished from the English language, and formal studies of this show it as one of the most disliked words in English.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Paradigm."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Shift

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

SHIFT

EnglishSystem for health control of imports from third countries at frontier inspection posts(Shift project)Food & Agriculture, Business

SHIFT

ItalianTecnica di fecondazione artificiale con trasferimento del seme nella tuba durante isteroscopiaMedicine

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Synonyms: Shift

Synonyms: break (n), chemise (n), displacement (n), duty period (n), fault (n), fracture (n), geological fault (n), sack (n), shifting (n), shimmy (n), slip (n), switching (n), teddies (n), teddy (n), transformation (n), transmutation (n), work shift (n), agitate (v), budge (v), careen (v), change (v), change over (v), dislodge (v), lurch (v), pitch (v), reposition (v), stir (v), sway (v), switch (v), tilt (v), transfer (v), wobble (v). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Shift

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Change

Verb: change, alter, vary, wax and wane; modulate, diversify, qualify, tamper with; turn, shift, veer, tack, chop, shuffle, swerve, warp, deviate, turn aside, evert, intervert; pass to, take a turn, turn the corner, resume.

Changeableness

Verb: fluctuate, vary, waver, flounder, flicker, flitter, flit, flutter, shift, shuffle, shake, totter, tremble, vacillate, wamble, turn and turn about, ring the changes; sway to and fro, shift to and fro; change and change about; waffle, blow with the wind (irresolute); oscillate; vibrate between, two extremes, oscillate between, two extremes; alternate; have as man phases as the moon.

Clothing

Body clothes; linen; hickory shirt; shirt, sark, smock, shift, chemise; night gown, negligee, dressing gown, night shirt; bedgown, sac de nuit.

Continuance in action

Verb: be converted into; become, get, wax; come to, turn to, turn into, evolve into, develop into; turn out, lapse, shift; run into, fall into, pass into, slide into, glide into, grow into, ripen into, open into, resolve itself into, settle into, merge into, emerge as; melt, grow, come round to, mature, mellow; assume the form of, assume the shape of, assume the state of, assume the nature of, assume the character of; illapse; begin a new phase, assume a new phase, undergo a change.

Cunning

Art, artifice; device, machination; plot; (plan); maneuver, stratagem, dodge, sidestep, artful dodge, wile; trick, trickery; (deception); ruse, ruse de guerre; finesse, side blow, thin end of the wedge, shift, go by, subterfuge, evasion; white lie; (untruth); juggle, tour de force; tricks of the trade, tricks upon travelers; espieglerie; net, trap.

Deviation

Intervert; deflect; divert, divert from its course; put on a new scent, shift, shunt, draw aside, crook, warp.

Dissuasion

Pretense; (untruth); put off, dust thrown in the eyes; blind; moonshine; mere pretext, shallow pretext; lame excuse, lame apology; tub to a whale; false plea, sour grapes; makeshift, shift, white lie; special pleading; (sophistry); soft sawder; (flattery).

Motion

Verb: be in motion; Adjective: move, go, hie, gang, budge, stir, pass, flit; hover about, hover round, hover about; shift, slide, glide; roll, roll on; flow, stream, run, drift, sweep along; wander; (deviate); walk; change one's place, shift one's place, change one's quarters, shift one's quarters; dodge; keep going, keep moving;

Plan

Contrivance, invention, expedient, receipt, nostrum, artifice, device; pipelaying; stratagem; (cunning); trick; (deception); alternative, loophole; shift;contrivance, invention, expedient, receipt, nostrum, artifice, device; pipelaying; stratagem; (cunning); trick; (deception); alternative, loophole; shift; (substitute); last shift; (necessity).

Substitution

Subs ersatz, makeshift, temporary expedient, replacement, succedaneum; shift, pis aller, stopgap, jury rigging, jury mast, locum tenens, warming pan, dummy, scapegoat; double; changeling; quid pro quo, alternative.

Transference

Verb: transfer, transmit, transport, transplace, transplant, translocate; convey, carry, bear, fetch and carry; carry over, ferry over; hand pass, forward; shift; conduct, convoy, bring, fetch, reach; tote; port, import, export.

Untruth

Pretense, pretext; false plea; subterfuge, evasion, shift, shuffle, make-believe; sham; (deception).

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Shift

English words defined with "shift": appliedbackchange course, change over, Clifford trustday shift, deviated nasal septumevening shiftgrantor trust, graveyard shift, gybeHalf shift, Hubble law, Hubble's law, Hugginsjib, jibenight shiftoverrideprecession of the equinoxes, Prog, Put-offred shift, removesecond, second gear, Shifted, Sir William Huggins, split shift, spontaneously, swing shift, switch, synchromeshTo change step, To fob off, To freshen ballast, To haul around, To make shift, To shift the scene, transferWhiffle. (references)
Specialty definitions using "shift": butterfly shiftcoal-preparation shiftFrequency Shift Keyinggravitational red shiftHares shift their Sexlogical shift, logical shift left, logical shift rightnull shiftpermanent threshold shift, phase-coherent frequency shift keyingrelativistic red shiftShift In, shift left logical, Shift Out, shift right logicaltemporary threshold shift, turning over and packing shiftvertical shift. (references)
Etymologies containing "shift": tergiversate. (references)

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Modern Usage: Shift

DomainUsage

Screenplays

I know, but I felt like taking a shift. (The Matrix; writing credit: Andy Wachowski; Larry Wachowski)

Leon, somewhere in Libya right now, a janitor's working the night shift at Libyan Intelligence headquarters (The American President; writing credit: Aaron Sorkin)

Charlie, that's the stick shift! (Caroline in the City; writing credit: Angela Carneiro)

Shift Into Turbo (Power Rangers Turbo; writing credit: Brett Born; Shell Danielson)

Do you think you could shift the gears (Charmed; writing credit: Colman deKay)

Lyrics

Keep hittin, and shift blocks for that cali dough (Can't Deny It; performing artist: Fabolous)

Push the shift to overdrive (To the Moon and Back; performing artist: Savage Garden)

Shift your arm then you pull it back (Walk Like An Egyptian; performing artist: The Bangles)

Movie/TV Titles

Night Shift (1956)

Swing Shift Cinderella (1945)

Yankee Doodle Swing Shift (1942)

Night Shift (1941)

Double Shift (1998)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Shift

DomainTitle

References

  • Fourth Shift Corporation: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • Carbon-13 Nmr Shift Assignment of Amines and Alkaloids (reference)

  • Reversing Language Shift in the Far North: Linguistic Revitalization in Northern Scandinavia & Finland (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Studia Uralica Upsaliensia, 31) (reference)

  • Handedness and Brain Asymmetry: The Right Shift Theory (reference)

  • My Last Shift Betwixt Us & Death: The Ephraim Blaine Letterbook, 1777-1778 (reference)

  • Solvability Theory of Boundary Value Problems and Singular Integral Equations with Shift (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  

Theater & Movies

  

Music

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Shift

Illustrations:
Shift

More pictures...

Computer Images:
Shift

More pictures...

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Photo Album: Shift

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Satellite Operations Control Center (SOCC) shift supervisor Jim Nichols at the TIROS-N Spacecraft Engineer's Console. Credit: NOAA in Space.

B-52 Night Shift.

Night shift in a glass factory. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Jeff's last shift. Capture of Jeff. Davis. May 10th 1865, at Irwinsville, Ga. Credit: Library of Congress.

The upstream face of Boulder Dam during the night shift. Credit: Library of Congress.

A Ukrainian girl prepares a meal for her family on a make shift stove in a concentration camp at Salzburg, Austria / Signal Corps photo. Credit: Library of Congress.

Four o'clock shift, Ford Motor Company, Detroit, Mich. Credit: Library of Congress.

Workers in canning plant during change of shift. Many of these are migratory. Polk County, Florida. Credit: Library of Congress.

Miners changing shift, Birmingham, Alabama. Credit: Library of Congress.

Jeff's last shift. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Familiar Quotations: Shift

AuthorQuotation

A. C. Swinburne

We shift and bedeck and bedrape us, thou art noble and nude and antique.

Laurence Sterne

Our passion and principals are constantly in a frenzy, but begin to shift and waver, as we return to reason.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Historic Usage: Shift

AuthorDateQuotation

John Locke

1690

All which seems no more than that duty, which God and nature has laid on man, as well as other creatures, to preserve their offspring, till they can be able to shift for themselves, and will scarce amount to an instance or proof of parents regal authority. (Second Treatise of Government)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Shift

TitleAuthorQuote

Punctuality

Carroll, Lewis

Let every hour be in its place Firm fixed, nor loosely shift, And well enjoy the vacant space, As though a birthday gift

Grapes of Wrath

Steinbeck, John

Mae watched them get into the great truck, watched it lumber off in low gear, and heard the shift up the whining gears to cruising ratio

Gulliver's Travels

Swift, Jonathan

I made a shift to keep the key in a pocket of my own, fearing Glumdalclitch might lose it.

Walden

Thoreau, Henry David

They make shift to live merely by conformity, practically as their fathers did, and are in no sense the progenitors of a noble race of men.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Shift

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

The white blood cell count tends to be raised with a marked left shift. (references)

With the shift in heroin abuse patterns comes an even more diverse group of users. (references)

The number and severity of workplace accidents also tend to increase during the night shift. (references)

Business

A shift of government budget policy in an expansive direction has reinforced this trend. (references)

However, as new investments come on line, U.S. imports will shift from one area to another. (references)

There has been a shift towards larger HDB apartments mainly due to higher living standards and rising expectations. (references)

Children

Italy

Schooling is free and compulsory for children from age 7 to age 18; those unable (or unwilling) to follow the academic curriculum are allowed to shift to vocational training at age 15. This reform was intended to reverse the middle and secondary school dropout rate, which historically has been high. (references)

Civil Liberties

Sri Lanka

Fighting between Government and the LTTE has displaced hundreds of thousands of persons, with many displaced multiple times as front lines shift. (references)

Economic History

Switzerland

In recent years, Switzerland has seen a gradual shift in the party landscape. (references)

Human Rights

Mexico

Control is difficult with 60 guards available on each shift to monitor more than 3,000 prisoners and up to 1,500 visitors daily. (references)

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Resources remain limited, but shift adjustments and reorganization of guard posts reportedly resulted in a heightened sense of security at the prison during the year. (references)

Indigenous People

New Zealand

Maori officials continued to express concern over the Government's announcement in November 2000 that it would shift its Closing the Gaps strategy to address socioeconomic disparities rather than race-based disparities. (references)

Political Economy

Ecuador

That, in turn, is needed to prevent a shift back to state intervention in the economy that could worsen the business climate. (references)

NETHERLANDS

The new tax regime entails a shift from direct to indirect taxes, a broadening of the tax base, and a reduction of the tax rate on labor. (references)

BANGLADESH

Overall, tariff reform in Bangladesh is slow, but Bangladesh is continuing its efforts to shift from a tariff-based revenue system to an income-based one. (references)

Trade

Syria

This will force importers of meat, milk powder and butter shift to non-EU sources for these commodities. (references)

Saudi Arabia

Moreover, there has been a steady and growing shift to retail lending, which provided comparatively higher margins and lower risk factors. (references)

Kazakhstan

As of mid-2001, there has not been a noticeable shift of the banking community to Astana and the National Bank has no plans to move to the new capital. (references)

Travel

Kenya

The precise areas tend to shift with time. (references)

Bolivia

There is presently a move afoot both in the public and private sector to shift to the "hora continua", in which the lunch break is reduced to one hour, bringing the end of the day correspondingly earlier. (references)

Women

Bosnia and Herzegovina

A woman with underage children may not be required to perform shift work. (references)

Worker Rights

Portugal

Government agencies have noted a continued gradual shift from child labor in industries to child labor in the home. (references)

Luxembourg

The law requires rest breaks for shift workers and limits all workers to a maximum of 10 hours per day including overtime. (references)

Costa Rica

Nonagricultural workers receive an overtime premium of 50 percent of regular wages for work in excess of the daily work shift. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Spoken Usage: Shift

SpeakerPhrase(s)

Joan Lunden

Well, I think we had talked so you know I was looking to get off that morning shift, but the time came where, you know, there were people that came in and new regime. Everybody wanted to put their own thumb prints on something.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Speeches: Shift

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

John F. Kennedy

1961-1963I shall neither shift the burden of executive decisions to the Congress, nor avoid responsibility for the outcome of those decisions.

Richard Nixon

1969-1974Abroad, the shift from old policies to new has not been a retreat from our responsibilities, but a better way to peace.

Gerald Ford

1974-1977The emphasis on our economic efforts must now shift from inflation to jobs.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Shift

"Shift" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 64.83% of the time. "Shift" is used about 3,244 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (singular)64.83%2,1034,133
Lexical Verb (infinitive)25.32%8218,521
Lexical Verb (base form)9.86%32016,119
                    Total100.00%3,244N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: Shift

CountryName
USA

Fourth Shift Corporation

 (more examples...)

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expressions: Shift

Expressions using "shift": automatic shift be brought to one's last shift be driven to one's last shift be on the night shift butterfly shift colorimetric shift day shift doppler frequency shift Doppler shift evening shift figure shift frequency shift frequency Shift Keying frequency shift modulation gel shift assay graveyard shift Half shift last shift left to shift for oneself lobster shift logical shift logical shift left logical shift right make a shift make shift midnight shift night shift null shift permanent threshold shift phase shift phase shift keying population shift red shift shift about shift algorithm shift away shift blame shift blame on shift down shift for shift for oneself shift gear shift gears shift In shift into high shift key shift left (or right) logical shift left logical shift lever shift of crops shift one's ground shift one's place shift one's quarters shift oneself shift Out shift pedal shift position shift reaction shift register shift right logical shift the scene shift the scenes shift up shift work shift worker shift yourself! sound shift split shift stick shift swing shift temporary threshold shift third shift To make shift To shift off To shift the helm To shift the scene wind shift work shift. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "shift": Shift-alt-f, shift-change, shift-charge, shift-jis, shift-key, Shift-lock, shift-out, shift-rate, Shift-tab, shift-work, shift-workers, shift-working.

Ending with "shift": band-shift, doppler-shift, make-shift, night-shift, pre-shift, red-shift, topic-shift, two-shift.

Containing "shift": frequency-shift-keying, phase-shift-keyed.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Shift

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

shift knob

379

shift racing

52

shift

181

blue shift through walk

50

drive a stick shift

162

shift schedule

49

night shift nurse

120

gear shift knob

47

blue shift

118

shift calendar

45

automatic shift knob

113

gear shift

44

red shift

101

blue cheat shift

44

night shift

101

blue cheat half life shift

39

203 linkage np shift

90

shift scheduling

36

momo shift knob

89

polar shift

35

half life blue shift

81

blue half life shift through walk

33

shift work

79

night shift nurse hentai

32

pole shift

75

fourth shift

30

paradigm shift

69

graveyard shift

30

stick shift

68

quantum red shift

29

shift boot

65

razo shift knob

29

shift kit

56

shift apparel

29

driving a stick shift

55

bmw shift knob

28

shift light

54

shift register

27

flywheels shift standard

52

transgo shift kit

26
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Shift

Language Translations for "shift"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

spostim (shunt), zhvendosje (displacement, locomotion, transposal, transposition), zhvendosem (circulate), turn (change, circuit, gang), transmetim (broadcast, communication, movement, remove, translation, transmission), transferoj (assign, circulate, devolve, down-load, draft, draught, move, transfer, translate, trans-ship), ndryshoj (alter, amend, change, differ, diversify, do up, inflect, manipulate, metamorphose, recast, reverse, switch, transform, vary), ndryshim (alteration, amendment, change, difference, disparity, dissimilarity, dissimilation, dissimilitude, distinction, inflection, inflexion, innovation, manipulation, metamorphosis, modification, mutation, permutation, recast, reversal, reverse, shifting, switch, transit, transition, turn, variation), ndërroj vend (circulate, transpose), ndërrim (change, commutation, exchange, permutation, proselytism, substitution, transfiguration), lëkundem (dangle, falter, halt, hang, hesitate, jolt, jumble, nod, nutate, oscillate, pendulate, reel, rock, shake, stagger, sway, swing, totter, vacillate, vibrate, wabble, wallow, wamble, waver, wobble), çalltis (endeavor, endeavour, fare, finagle, rub along). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏تنقل (get about, locomotion, move), ‏رحل (be moved, carry, depart, expel, flit, itinerant, migrant, move, pack up, part, pass, peregrinate, pull out, relay, remove, send back, slope), ‏ألقى (cast, cast down, deliver, dump, fasten, lay down, lot, recite, set down, throw, throw down), ‏إنتقل (devolve, hand down, lift, move out, switch, transfer), ‏عمل بالمناوبة, ‏عمل النهار, ‏تدبر أمره بنفسه, ‏تحرك (get about, locomotion, move, movement, proceed, stir, wag), ‏تغير (alter, alteration, change, convert, metamorphose, modify, mutate, mutation, range, set of exchange, shift up, swing, turn, variation, vary, vicissitude), ‏تغير السرعة, ‏تغير موضع شىء, ‏تغير في الإتجاه, ‏بدل (allowance, apposition, change, exchange, lieu, quid pro quo, recompense, sit, substitute, supersede, switch, treadle), ‏تناوب (alternate, alternation, relay, rotate, rotation), ‏فترة فاصلة (comma, interlude, interstice, lag, parenthesis), ‏غير (beyond, budge, but, change, commute, fashion, masquerade, metamorphose, mis, modify, modulate, non, overrun, rehash, renew, reverse, revise, shape, switch, switch over, than, transfer, transpose, turn, un-), ‏وردية الليل (nightshift), ‏قميص نسائي داخلي, ‏قميص نسوي, ‏قميص نسوي تحتي, ‏نوتية, ‏نقل (alien, alienate, assign, bandy, carriage, carry, carry forward, communicate, convection, convey, conveyance, copy, deliver, freight, go cart, hand on, handling, pass on, pipe, portage, promotion, propagate, relocate, remove, reproduction, route, take away, tote, transfer, transference, transfuse, transit, transmission, transmit, transport, transportation), ‏مدة العمل, ‏مناوبة (alternation, by fits and starts, relay, rotation, turn of duty, watch), ‏فارق الزمن (lag, time lag), ‏فترة عمل, ‏تغييرة ملابس. (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

постепенна промяна, движа се бързо (clip, double, hasten, jump, scour, scud, spank, speed, spin, travel, whirl, zoom), меня (shed, vary), промяна (alteration, change, chop, countermarch, innovation, mutation, permutation, reversal, sea change, transition, transmutation, turn, turnover, variance, variation), променям (alter, change, change to, differentiate, graduate, leaven, modify, mutate, remodel, reshape, reverse, shade, turn, vary), прехвърлям се (get over, remove, transfer), обръщам посоката, премествам (displace, heave, move, offset, remove, shunt, switch over, transfer, translate, translocate, transpose), отсед, помествам (budge, insert, move, move aside, place, publish), изяждам (clip, consume, dispose of, eat up, manage), изхитрям се (contrive), извъртам (boggle, dodge, double talk, equivocate, pull round, screw, shuffle, sophisticate, tergiversate, twist, wangle, whiffle), изместване (displacement, lag, offset), изпивам (consume, down, drain, drink, drink up, lower, put away, suck down, suck up, take off), превключване (change over, reverse), риза (envelope, shirt), уловка (ruse, snare, trepan, wile), скорост (bat, milage, mileage, pace, rapidity, rate, speed, swiftness, velocity), смяна (alternation, change, exchange, interchange, relay, rotation, transfer, turn, vicissitude), сменяне (interchange, relief), сменям (alternate, change, change off, change round, exchange, interchange, relay, spell, swap, switch over to, throw, transfer), местя (disturb, move, move about, relocate, remove), разместване (dislocation, reversal, shuffle, translocation), средство (agency, contrivance, device, help, instrumentality, instrumentation, means, medium, pry, recourse, remedy, resort, resource, tool, weapon), хитрина (catch, contrivance, craft, craftiness, deceit, dodgery, expedient, fetch, foxiness, legerdemain, trickery, wheeze, wile, wiliness), тясна невталена рокля, шикалкавя (boggle, fence, hedge, quibble, shuffle, stall), косо изместване, карам криво-ляво (shift for oneself), въдица (fishhook, hook), справям се (acquit oneself, cope, do well, get along, get through, hold one's own, hold up, manage, refer, shift for oneself, tackle). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

轉移 (divert, migrate), 转移 (Abalienate, metastasis, Shifted, shifting, Transferred, Transferring), (move, remove, transport), 替換 (exchange, switch). (various references)

   

Czech

  

smìna (inning, relay), posun (advance), řadit (gear up), hnát se (belt, career, hurtle, plunge, pursue, push on, race, rush, shoot, spurt, tear along, urge), kalit to, kopnout do sebe, mìnit (disguise), mìnit se (mutate), přesun (displacement), úskok (dodge, game, jink, ruse, stratagem, subterfuge, trick, trickery, wile), pomùcka (tool), zmìna (alteration, amendment, break, change, changeover, mutation, relief, revision, transformation, variance, variation, vicissitude), posunout (put over), výmìna (change, exchange, renewal, replacement, reversal, swap, switch, truck), výmysl (contraption, fable, fabrication, fantasy, fiction, invention, story), zbavit se èeho (clear off, do away with, get rid of smth., make away with, work off), zblajznout, zlom (change), pohnout z místa. (various references)

   

Danish

  

skiftearbejde, skifte (operating, switching), skift (offset), udligning (compensation, conditioning, equalisation, equalization, equalizing, offset, reconciliation, regeneration), partsforskydning (cross-joint, mismatch, variation), hold (batch, batch of animals, fastener, obstruction), forskydning af formparterne indbyrdes (cross joint), forskydning (accident, cross-joint, discomposition, dislocation, displacement, disturbance, key offset, knocking out, mismatch, offset, rack, shear, shearing, shog, variation), forskyde (change the position, displace, faulting, stagger). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

verschuiving (cross-joint, displacement, fault, mismatch, rift, variation). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

forŝovo, forŝoviĝo. (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

تغییرمکان (Move, Movement), ابتکار (Contraption, Gumption, Improvisation, Industry, Initiative, Invention, Knack, Originality, Resource, Shebang), استعداد (Amplitude, Aptitude, Aptness, Art, Brilliance, Caliber, Capacity, Genius, Gift, Ingenuity, Knack, Liability, Property, Tendency, Turquoise, Verve), انتقال (Bail, Conduction, Conveyance, Intuition, Transmission, Transmittal, Turnover), انتقال دادن (Alienate, Demise, Remise, Transmit), تعبیه (Appliance, Improvisation, Shebang), تعویض (Refill, Replacement, Substitute, Switch, Turnover), تعویض کردن (Put, Substitute, Supplant), بوش , تغییرمسیردادن , پخش کردن (Diffuse, Dispread, Distribute, Divide, Scatter, Spread, Strew), تغییرمکان دادن , توطله (Conspiracy, Plot, Underplot), تناوب (Alternation, Frequency), حقه (Bob, Hob, Intake, Knack, Monkeyshine, Trick), نوبت (Heat, Inning, Period, Tour, Turquoise), نوبت کار, نوبتی (Intermittent, Periodic, Serial, Tyupical), نقشه خاءنانه , تغییرجهت (Turquoise). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

vuoro (figure, turn), siirtää (assign, carry forward, convey, dislodge, displace, endorse, graft, hand over, make ... over, move, remove, transfer, transmit, transplant, transport). (various references)

   

French

  

poste, déplacer, décalage, équipe (ship). (various references)

   

German

  

verschiebung (alteration, deferment, deferral, displacement, heave, moving, postponement, remission, shifting, shunting, slip), verschieben (alter, change, defer, delay, dislodge, displace, hold over, leave over, move, postpone, put back, put off, relocate, relocating, remit, ruck up, scrolls, shunt, slant, to displace, to relocate, traffic in), verlagerung (displacement, movement, moving, transfer), umschalten (change, change over, commute, convert, flick a switch, go over, pull a lever, push a lever, switch, switch over, to shift, turn over, zap), schicht (coat, coating, film, layer, level, order, ply, rank, sheet, strata, stratum, streak, thickness). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

μετατοπίζω (displace, move, transpose), μετακινώ (get around, move, move remove, redeploy, remove, shuffle, transfer). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

לעתק (copy by carbon, haul, shunt, switch), לזוז (budge, go away, move, stir), ל"עתיק (displace, remove, transfer), ל"זיז (budge, mobilize, move), תמרון (maneuver, manoeuvre, opening gambit), תזוז" (displacement, motion, move, movement, moving), תחבול" (artifice, expedient, fetch, finesse, hatch, machination, mean, ruse, scheme, stratagem, subterfuge, thingumajig thingumabob, trick, wile), תכסיס (manner of conduct, ploy, stratagem, strategy, tactics, trick), שמל" (dress, frock, garment, gown, robe, skirt), ש וי (alteration, change, modification, mutation, revision, studied, turnover, variation), "עתק" (copy, copying, duplication, representation, translation), "עבר" (communication, conveyance, passing, removal, transference), "זז" (displacement, removal, shifting). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

eltolódás (dislocation, swing). (various references)

   

Indonesian

  

pergeseran (mutation, reshuffle, transfer), mengingsut (move up slowly), menggeser (replace, rub against, transfer), aplosan, alih (change position). (various references)

   

Italian

  

turno (duty, relay, round, sitting, spell, turn, watch), spostare (budge, delay, dislocate, displace, move, remove, scrolls), spostamento (change of position, displacement, movement, moving, postponement), cambio (alteration, change, exchange, exchange rate, gear, I change, relief, tradeoff). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

交替 (alternation, change, relay, relief). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

"うたいい", "うたい (a luminous body, alternation, antibody, backspace, change, exchange, relay, relief, retreat, rise and fall), シフト , へい"ういどう (parallel displacement, translation), て""う (about-face, change schools, conversion, queen of heaven, spotlight, switch, weather, work of nature). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

교대 (shifting). (various references)

   

Manx

  

shayll obbree, scughey (budge, dislodge, dislodgement, displace, displacement, evict, eviction, move, moving, quit, removal, remove, scoot, shift about, shifting), jannoo arraghey, arraghey (adjourn, adjournment, change, change course, digress, digression, dislodge, dislodgement, displacement, manoeuvre, motion, move, mutation, removal, remove, trim). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

iftshay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

deslocar (disjoint, dislocate, displace, edge, fork, luxate, move, offset, remove, sneak, splay, translocate). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

schimbare (about-face, alteration, change, changeableness, chop, conversion, exchange, fluctuation, modification, mutability, mutation, novelty, passage, transformation, unsteadiness, vacillation, variability, variance, variation), schimba (alter, change, chop, commute, convert into, exchange, fashion, improve, interchange, modify, renew, replace, substitute, supersede, supplant, swap, transfigure, transform, transmogrify, transmute, turn, vary), schimbare foneticã, se descurca (contrive, disentangle, extricate oneself, live on one's wits, manage, rub along, rub on, unravel), strãmuta (change, displace, move, remove, transform), subterfugiu (evasion, quibble, quip, subterfuge), schimb (barter, change, compensation, exchange, I change, pair, relay, relief, return, spell, substitute, swap, swop, truck), a-şi schimba direcţia (chop about, chop round, haul, veer), muta (change, displace, hitch, move, pan, permute, re-house, remove), întoarce (crank, geld, put about, repay, retaliate, retort, reverse, revert, set, spade, turn), deplasa (dislocate, dislodge, displace, draw, go, misplace, move away, remove, travel, work), a-şi schimba locul, avea o atitudine nehotãrâtã, şiretlic (catch, device, fake, ruse, sharp practice, shuffle, stratagem, trick, trickery, wile), cãmaşã de noapte (bedgown, night dress, night gown, night shirt), chiţibuş (detail, subtlety, trifle), chichiţã (evasion, stratagem, subterfuge), expedient (expedient, makeshift, substitute), face felul (knock off, make away with), înlocui (change, commute, cover, displace, do duty for, make good, replace, supersede, supplant), modificare (alteration, change, improvement, modification, passage, turn), viclenie (archness, artfulness, astuteness, catch, contrivance, craft, cunning, devilry, finesse, fraud, guile, ruse, subtlety, vicleim, wile), o scoate la capãt (keep the pot boiling, make both ends meet, manage, rub along, rub on), omorî (annihilate, assassinate, bring down, bump, butcher, croak, destroy, dispatch, do for, do in, execute, exhaust, finish, kill, knock off, make an end of, make away with, murder, put smb. on the spot, put to death, send to glory, slaughter, slay, spoil, torment, torture), transfera (assign, cede, deliver, displace, relegate, remise, sign off, transfer), transferare (assignation, delivery, remove, transfer, transferring), mijloc de existenţã. (various references)

   

Russian 

  

уловка (artifice, circumvention, come off, dodge, double cross, expedient, gimmick, put off, ruse, shuffle, stealth, stratagem, strategem, wangle), смена (change, exchange, pair, relay, relief), сдвигать сдвиг, сдвигать (dislocate, skew), сдвиг (dislocation, displacement, shear, shearing, translation, upheaval), менять (barter, change, exchange, swap, swop, vary), перестановка (interchanging, permutation, rearrangement, reshuffle, reversal, reversion, transposal, transposition), переключать скорости, перемещаться (ambulate, traverse), перемещать (displace, move, move down, relocate, remove, resettle, scroll, shifted, shuffle, transfer, translocate, transporting, transpose), перемена (alteration, change, chop, mutation, permutation, relief, reverse, turn), передвинуть (move), передвижение (locomotion, movement). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

léine (a shirt, shirt, smock, winding-sheet). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

svaliti (dump, knock down, topple), smicalica (artifice, dodge, gimmick, manipulation, trick, wile), smena (change, changing, relief, replacement, tour), rotacija (rotation, spin, twist), promeniti (adjourn, change, reverse, revise, transform, transmogrify, turn around), promena (change, changing, declension, inflection, modification, shifting, transit, transition, vicissitude), probijati se (penetrate), preokret (reversal, switch, turn over, turnover, upheaval, vicissitude, volte-face), premestiti (displace, move, transplant, transpose), premeštaj (transfer, transposal, transposition), prebacivati (transfer), preći (change over, cote, cover, cover ground, cross, go over, march, overpass, pass over, pass through, shade, transit, traverse). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

corrimiento del molde (cross joint), adelantar (advance, anticipate, bring forward, farther, forego, further, outdistance, outgo, outmarch, outride, outwalk, overhaul, overtake, pass, put forward, put on, set forward, to pass), escapatoria (escape, flight, getaway, loophole, quirk, secret trip), equipo (accouterment, accouterments, apparatus, appointments, crew, equipage, equipment, gang, gear, kit, lot, outfit, party, plant, set, side, squad, tackle, team, things), desplazarse (travel), desplazar (displace), desplazamiento lateral (drift), falla (failure, fault, flaw, void), desencaje en la junta (cross-joint, mismatch, variation), impulsar (act, boost, impel, impulse, move, operate, propel, pump, stir, thrust), corrimiento (slipping), ca