Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Shade |
ShadeNoun1. Relative darkness caused by light rays being intercepted by an opaque body. 2. A quality of a given color that differs slightly from a primary color; "after several trials he mixed the shade of pink that she wanted". 3. Protective covering that protects something from direct sunlight. 4. A subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude. 5. A position of relative inferiority; "an achievement that puts everything else in the shade"; "his brother's success left him in the shade". 6. A slight amount or degree of difference; "a tad too expensive"; "not a tad of difference"; "don't argue about shades of meaning"; "the new model is a shade better than the old one". 7. A mental representation of some haunting experience; "he looked like he had seen a ghost"; "it aroused specters from his past". 8. A representation of the effect of shade in a picture or drawing (as by shading or darker pigment). Verb1. Cast a shadow over. 2. Represent the effect of shade or shadow on. 3. Protect from light, heat, or view; "Shade your eyes when you step out into the bright sunlight". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "shade" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Electrical Engineering | A screen which may be made of opaque or diffusing material and which is designed to prevent a lamp from being directly visible. Source: European Union. (references) |
Fine Arts | A gradation of color in slight degree or minute difference. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | To bring about relatively small modifications in the colour of a substrate in dyeing by adding a further small amount of dye, especially with the object of matching more accurately with a given pattern. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. A color that has been darkened by the addition of black b. A term descriptive of that difference between colors resulting from a difference in luminosity only, the other color constants being essentially equal. A darker shade of a color is one that has a lower luminosit. (references) |
Personal Care & Hotels | Venitian blind or other suitable window --. . . . . shade: a flexible screen usu. mounted on a roller and used to obstruct or regulate light passing through a window. Source: European Union. (references) |
Physics | A selective filter, usually of glass or plastic, producing a change of colour in the transmitted light. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Shade is the blocking of sunlight (in particular direct sunshine) by any object. It may refer to blocking of sunlight by a roof, or by a tree, by an umbrella, or anything else.Shade is an important issue in temperate and tropical zones for providing cooling and shelter from the sun. Providing certain configurations of shading is an important passive solar technique. This may be done with overhangs, with shade trees, or with vines.
Shading using non-living materials blocks the sun, but also results in sunlight being absorbed and re-radiated as heat, or in sunlight being reflected as glare. Green plants, on the other hand, not only absorb a significant portion of the sunlight to invest as energy in photosynthesis to produce sugar, but also actively transpire, producing an additional cooling effect.
Shading is also a process used in drawing for depicting different levels of blackness on paper by applying more pressure of the pencil for darker areas and less pressure for lighter areas. There are various techniques of shading including 'cross hatching' where perpendicular lines of varying closeness are drawn in a grid pattern in the area you wish to shade. The closer the lines are together, the darker the area will appear and vice versa.
See also Shadow.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Shade."
Synonyms: ShadeSynonyms: ghost (n), nicety (n), nuance (n), refinement (n), shadiness (n), shadowiness (n), specter (n), spectre (n), spook (n), subtlety (n), tad (n), tincture (n), tint (n), tone (n), wraith (n), fill in (v), shade off (v), shadow (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Ambush | Screen, cover, shade, blinker; veil, curtain, blind, cloak, cloud. |
Concealment | Cover, screen, cloak, veil, shroud; cover up one's tracks; screen from sight, screen from observation; drawing the veil; draw the curtain, close the curtain; curtain, shade, eclipse, throw a view over; be cloud, be mask; mask, disguise; ensconce, muffle, smother; befog; whisper. |
Degree | Noun: degree, grade, extent, measure, amount, ratio, stint, standard, height, pitch; reach, amplitude, range, scope, caliber; gradation, shade; tenor, compass; sphere, station, rank, standing; rate, way, sort. |
Demon | Ghost, revenant, specter, apparition, spirit, shade, shadow, vision; hobglobin, goblin, orc; wraith, spook, boggart, banshee, loup-garou, lemures; evil eye. |
Painting | Verb: paint, design, limn draw, sketch, pencil, scratch, shade, stipple, hatch, dash off, chalk out, square up; color, dead color, wash, varnish; draw in pencil; Noun: paint in oils; Noun: stencil; depict; (represent). |
Portrait; (representation); whole length, full length, half length; kitcat, head; miniature; shade, silhouette; profile. | |
Smallness | Small quan modicum, trace, hint, minimum; vanishing point; material point, atom, particle, molecule, corpuscle, point, speck, dot, mote, jot, iota, ace; minutiae, details; look, thought, idea, soupcon, dab, dight, whit, tittle, shade, shadow; spark, scintilla, gleam; touch, cast; grain, scruple, granule, globule, minim, sup, sip, sop, spice, drop, droplet, sprinkling, dash, morceau, screed, smack, tinge, tincture; inch, patch, scantling, tatter, cantlet, flitter, gobbet, mite, bit, morsel, crumb, seed, fritter, shive; snip, snippet; snick, snack, snatch, slip, scrag; chip, chipping; shiver, sliver, driblet, clipping, paring, shaving, hair. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | As for Andy - he spent that break hunkered in the shade, a strange little smile on his face, watching us drink his beer (The Shawshank Redemption; writing credit: Frank Darabont) I picked you for the job, not because I think you're so darn smart, but because I thought you were a shade less dumb than the rest of the outfit (Double Indemnity; writing credit: James M. Cain; Billy Wilder) 200 degrees in the sunlight, minus 200 in the shade, canyons of razor-sharp rock, unpredictable gravitational conditions, unexpected eruptions, things like that (Armageddon; writing credit: Robert Roy Pool; Jonathan Hensleigh) He was no bargain in the shade. (The Monkees; writing credit: Dee Caruso; Gerald Gardner) She speaks with a strange evenness and selects her words a shade too precisely (Buffy the Vampire Slayer; writing credit: Doreen Spicer) | |
Lyrics | Is a hazy shade of winter (Hazy Shade Of Winter; performing artist: The Bangles) That kinda lovin' makes me wanna pull down the shade, (Crazy; performing artist: Aerosmith) Now I'm going outside to have an ice cold beer in the shade (Keeping The Faith; performing artist: Billy Joel) Oh, the engineers used to see him sitting in the shade, ("Johnny B. Goode"; performing artist: Chuck Berry) Created blankets and laid back in the shade (God Shuffled His Feet; performing artist: Crash Test Dummies) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Ninety Degrees in the Shade (1965) In the Shade of the Old Applesauce (1931) Shade (2003) Bright Shade Dark Sun (1993) A Paler Shade of Blue (1991) | |
Song Titles | A Whiter Shade of Pale (performing artist: Procol Harem) WHITER SHADE OF PALE (performing artist: Procol Harum ) Hazy Shade Of Winter (performing artist: The Bangles) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Slides of various advertisements including the Marlboro Man and Super Shade 30+. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | Yolo Buggy used to transport and shade base measuring instruments Yolo Base Line, one of the most accurate measured in the Nineteenth Century Base Line party of George Davidson. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Camping in the shade in the desert Earthquake studies in Southern California Leveling and triangulation party of F. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Riparian forest buffers of trees and shrubs located adjacent to streams create shade to lower water temperatures to improve aquatic habitat. Credit: Lin Colson. |
 | Gypsy moth caterpillars are the number one forest and shade tree pest in the Northeast. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer.. |  | A hiker enjoys the shade in a Forest in the Mt. Trumball area. Credit: Unknown. |
 | The desert turns a greener shade by the Agua Fria River. Credit: Beth Perault. |  | Cattle using shade of oil storage tanks in southern NM. Credit: Unknown. |
 | Oil storage tank on well site in southern NM, with livestock in shade. Credit: Earle Smith. |  | PPL Line shade at power line at LeRoy Burkhart's retirement home. Credit: Frank Lang. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "A Certain Shade of Green" by Toby Cummings Commentary: "I named this pic after my favorite song by Incubus. I took this photo at my family reunion when I started to get bored... I thought the tree limb in the center looked very cool and unique." | "Lamp shade" by Jessica Poli Commentary: "Pressed flowers in a lamp shade." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Baltasar Gracian | Never have a companion that casts you in the shade. |
Benjamin Franklin | Hide not your talents. They for use were made. What's a sundial in the shade. |
Christian Nevell Bovee | False friends are like our shadow, keeping close to us while we walk in the sunshine, but leaving us the instant we cross into the shade. |
Jane Austen | To sit in the shade on a fine day, and look upon verdure is the most perfect refreshment. |
Virgil | I have lived, and I have run the course which fortune allotted me; and now my shade shall descend illustrious to the grave. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | It has accomplished wonders far surpassing Egyptian pyramids, Roman aqueducts, and Gothic cathedrals; it has conducted expeditions that put in the shade all former Exoduses of nations and crusades. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Her hard face exhibited a shade of timidity and doubt that was not habitual |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | The green square of paper pinned round the lamp cast down a tender shade. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Al pulled into the shade and shut down the motor |
Sonnets | William Shakespeare | Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st; So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | During or shortly after certain anticancer drugs are given, the skin over an area that had received radiation turns red — a shade anywhere from light to very bright. (references) | |
Adult worms live in the lumen of the small intestine, where they attach to the intestinal wall with resultant host blood loss. Eggs are passed in the stool, and under favorable conditions (moisture, warmth, shade), hatch in 1 to 2 days. Larvae are released, grow in the feces and/or the soil, and after 5 to 10 days (and two molts) have become filariform (L-3) larvae that are infective. (references) | ||
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FEMALE, n. One of the opposing, or unfair, sex. The Maker, at Creation's birth, With living things had stocked the earth. From elephants to bats and snails, They all were good, for all were males. But when the Devil came and saw He said: "By Thine eternal law Of growth, maturity, decay, These all must quickly pass away And leave untenanted the earth Unless Thou dost establish birth" -- Then tucked his head beneath his wing To laugh -- he had no sleeve -- the thing With deviltry did so accord, That he'd suggested to the Lord. The Master pondered this advice, Then shook and threw the fateful dice Wherewith all matters here below Are ordered, and observed the throw; Then bent His head in awful state, Confirming the decree of Fate. From every part of earth anew The conscious dust consenting flew, While rivers from their courses rolled To make it plastic for the mould. Enough collected (but no more, For niggard Nature hoards her store) He kneaded it to flexible clay, While Nick unseen threw some away. And then the various forms He cast, Gross organs first and finer last; No one at once evolved, but all By even touches grew and small Degrees advanced, till, shade by shade, To match all living things He'd made Females, complete in all their parts Except (His clay gave out) the hearts. "No matter," Satan cried; "with speed I'll fetch the very hearts they need" -- So flew away and soon brought back The number needed, in a sack. That night earth range with sounds of strife -- Ten million males each had a wife; That night sweet Peace her pinions spread O'er Hell -- ten million devils dead! G.J. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Shade" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 92.10% of the time. "Shade" is used about 1,316 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 92.1% | 1,212 | 6,418 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 3.8% | 50 | 48,117 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 2.89% | 38 | 55,818 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.14% | 15 | 90,616 |
| Noun (common) | 0.08% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,316 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "shade" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Shade | Last name | 4,000 | 3,155 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "shade". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Zalmon | N/A | Biblical | His shade |
| Zalmonah | N/A | Biblical | The shade |
| Zelophehad | N/A | Biblical | The shade or tingling of fear |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
1. Shade, OH |
Expressions using "shade": bright Shade ♦ cast into the shade ♦ colour shade ♦ Evening Shade ♦ glass shade ♦ in the shade of a tree ♦ interplay of light and shade ♦ lamp shade ♦ lens shade ♦ Maple Shade ♦ night shade family ♦ Pleasant Shade ♦ retire into the shade ♦ shade away ♦ shade away colors ♦ shade away colours ♦ Shade Gap ♦ shade in ♦ shade into ♦ shade of meaning ♦ shade off ♦ shade off colors ♦ shade off colours ♦ shade off into ♦ shade tree ♦ sky shade ♦ Summer Shade ♦ sun shade ♦ the shadow of a shade ♦ throw into the shade ♦ veil shade ♦ Walnut Shade ♦ Willow Shade ♦ window shade. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "shade": shade-bearers, shade-demanding, shade-intolerant, shade-lovers, shade-loving, shade-seeking. | |
Ending with "shade": coffee-shade, Double-shade, half-shade, lamp-shade, mid-shade, part-shade, semi-shade, sun-shade, tree-shade. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
shade tree | 1,433 | shade gardening | 79 |
shade garden | 615 | shade screen | 77 |
sun shade | 513 | window shade | 76 |
shade plant | 397 | blue shade witness | 75 |
shade cloth | 353 | lighter shade of brown | 73 |
shade | 308 | lyrics pale shade whiter | 67 |
cellular shade | 212 | white shade of pale | 59 |
shade canopy | 199 | make roman shade | 54 |
quick shade | 179 | patio shade | 54 |
maple shade nj | 145 | shade tent | 51 |
shade sail | 141 | evening shade | 49 |
lamp shade | 139 | fast growing shade tree | 48 |
shade perennial | 130 | vent shade | 43 |
quik shade | 122 | car sun shade | 43 |
a whiter shade of pale | 115 | shade siam | 42 |
roman shade | 107 | auto vent shade | 42 |
shade structure | 107 | quick shade canopy | 39 |
shade flower | 101 | auto sun shade | 38 |
shade shrub | 81 | evening marilu shade | 35 |
shade loving plant | 81 | roman shade pattern | 34 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "shade"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | skakering (hue, nuance, tint), skadu (shadow). (various references) | |
Albanian | hije (apparition, background, cloud, color, colour, dark, ghost, loom, phantasm, phantom, propriety, reflection, reflexion, shadow, spirit, spook, umbra, wraith). (various references) | |
Arabic | ستر (coat, cover, cover up, enshroud, inter, screen, veil), ظل (ghost, keep, lie, remain, shadow, umbra, umbrage), ظلام (blackness, dark, gloom, gloominess, mirk, murk, night, obscurity, sadness), ظلة (canopy, sunblind, sunshade), ظلل (hatch, overshadow, umbrella), ظلل الرسم, روح (circulate, fan, ghost, life, pneuma, psyche, soul, spirit), الظل, خفض السعر (break, depreciate, scale down), خيال (conceit, fantasy, fiction, ghost, illusion, imagination, phantasy, shadow, shape, silhouette, spectrum, spook, wraith), شبح (apparition, bogey, evil spirit, ghost, gremlin, idol, phantom, shadow, shape, spectre, spectrum, spirit, spook, sprite, wraith), عتمة (dark, darkness, dimness, sombreness), فيء (shadow), سحابة حزن أو شك, تدرج (gradate, gradation, grade, graduate, graduation, progression, scale), تدرج على نحو غير ملحوظ, قتم (obfuscate), لون (color, colour, dapple, paint, stain, suffuse, tinge, tint, variegate), نزل (bring down, camp, cantonal, climb down, come down, decline, depress, descend, drop, get down, get off, glide, go down, hostel, inn, lodge, lodging house, low, lower, miscreant, move, nest, pull down, put down, rascal, reach down, road house, scab, scroll, send, sink, slip down, step down, take down, tavern), مسحة (bit, hue, smack, streak, suggestion, tang, tinge, tint, touch, trace), كمة المصباح, فارق دقيق لا يكاد يذكر, طيف (ghost, idol, phantom, shadow, spectrum, vision, wraith). (various references) | |
Aymara | ch'ihu. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | малка разлика, параван (cover, screen), полумрак (dimness, dusk, half-light, semi-darkness, twilight), помрачавам (alloy, bedim, cloud, darken, dim, dull, dusk, eclipse, nip, obfuscate, obscure, overshadow, shadow, trouble), призрак (appearance, bogy, eidolon, ghost, phantasm, phantom, shadow, shape, spectre, spirit, spook, vision, wraith), привидение (boggard, eidolon, fetch, ghost, phantasm, phantom, shape, spectre, vision, visitant), преминавам (adjourn, get over, get through, go by, melt, merge, overblow, overpass, pass, pass along, pass away, pass by, pass on, passage, proceed, run, surmount, traverse), променям (alter, change, change to, differentiate, graduate, leaven, modify, mutate, remodel, reshape, reverse, shift, turn, vary), абажур (lampshade), затулям (wad), дух (fetch, ghost, mettle, mind, morale, pecker, phantasm, presence, soul, spirit, spook, tone, visitant), засенчвам (adumbrate, blanket, dim, efface, obscure, outshine, out-top, overcast, overcloud, overshadow, show up, upstage), сянка (cloud, ghost, reflection, shadow, umbrage), мъничко (scruple, smack, sprinkle, stick, thimbleful, tincture, touch, trace, trifle), намалявам малко, нюанс (nuance, tincture, tinge, tint, tone), нюансирам, отсянка (nuance, quality, tincture, tinge, touch), козирка за очите, тон (note, sound, strain, tint, ton, tone, tuna, tuna fish, tunny), транспарант, щриховам, затъмнявам (adumbrate, becloud, black out, cloud, darken, eclipse, obscure, occult, outshine, out-top, shadow). (various references) | |
Catalan | ombra (shadow). (various references) | |
Chinese | 蔀 (cycle of 76 years), 蔭 , 罩 (cover, fish trap), 庥 (protection), 树荫 (shades), 廕 . (various references) | |
Czech | stínovat, stínit (shadow), stínítko, stín (savor, shadow), zastínit (eclipse, outshine, overshadow), odstín (hue, nuance, tincture, tinge), clona (covering, diaphragm, film, stop), chránit (defend, guard, patronize, police, preserve, protect, screen, shelter, shield, ward). (various references) | |
Danish | skygge (shadow). (various references) | |
Dutch | schakering (hue, nuance, tint), schaduwen (hatch, shadow, tail), nuancering (hue, nuance, tint), nuance (hue, nuance, tint). (various references) | |
Esperanto | subombro, ombrumi (hatch), ombro (shadow), ombraĵo, nuanco (hue, nuance, tint), haĉi (hatch). (various references) | |
Faeroese | skuggi (shadow). (various references) | |
Farsi | کم کردن (Alleviate, Bate, Cut, Deduce, Deduct, Detract, Drawoff, Extenuate, Rebate, Reduce, Relax, Retrench, Soften, Subtract, Thin, Weaken), حباب چراغ یافانوس , تیره کردن (Blur, Dark, Dim, Fog, Gloom, Mud, Obscure, Overcast, Tarnish), سایه افکندن , سایه دارکردن , سایه بان , سایه (Auspices, Shadow, Sunshade, Umber, Umbra, Umbrage), زیروبم کردن (Modulate), جای سایه دار, اباژور, رنگ (Colony, Complexion, Dye, Grain, Hue, Indigo, Paint, Speckle, Tint, Tune). (various references) | |
Finnish | varjostin (screen), varjo (cloak, pretext, shadow, under pretence of, under the cloak of friendship). (various references) | |
French | nuance, teinte, ombre (shadow), nuancer. (various references) | |
Frisian | skaadstreekje (hatch), skaad (shadow). (various references) | |
German | schattieren (hatch, to shade), Schattierung (hue, nuance, shading, tint, tone), Schatten (cloud, ghost, shades, shadow, shadows, shaped, tail, umbrage, umbrages), Nuance (hue, nuance, tinge, tint), Farbton (hue, tint), Ton (accent, atmosphere, audio, chime, clang, clay, hue, intonation, note, nuance, pip, sound, stress, style, tint, tone), beschatten (bird dog, overshadow, shadow, tail, to shade), Abstufung (gradation, grade, grading, graduation, hue, layering, nuance, shading, terracing, tint). (various references) | |
Greek | σκιάζω (scare, shadow), σκιά (canopy, shadow, sunshade, umbra). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | hije (shadow). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לשנות בהדרגה, לאהול (bivouac, camp out, dwell in a tent, pitch a tent), להאפיל (blackout, darken, eclipse, obfuscate, obscure, overshadow), להצל, לסוכך על (hide, protect, shelter, shield), שמץ (grain, iota, jot, mite, modicum, morsel, odor, odour, particle, pinch, shred, soupcon, sprinkling, suspicion, syllable, tincture, trace, whit), קורטוב (bit, dash, iota, modicum, pinch, smack, spot, taste, touch, trace), אהיל (lampshade, umbrella), גון (color, colour, complexion, hue, nuance, timbre, tinge, tint, tone), צלה (shadow), צל (ghost, protection, shadow, shelter). (various references) | |
Hungarian | árnyék (adumbration, cast shadow, cloud, shadow, umbra, umbrage). (various references) | |
Icelandic | skuggi (shadow). (various references) | |
Indonesian | naungan, naung (protection, shadow), menaungi (protect, shelter), keteduhan (quietness, shelter), berteduh. (various references) | |
Italian | ombra (darkness, ghost, obscurity, shadow), tinta (color, colour, dye, paint, tint), sfumatura (nuance, shading, tapering, tinge, tint, touch), sfumare (come in nothing, disappear, fade away, tinge, vanish), paralume (lampshade), ombreggiare (overshade, overshadow, shade in, shadow). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 陰り (gloom, shadow or cloud), 陰 (other side, shadow, yin), 遮光 (darken), 蔭 (backing, your assistance), 片陰 (shady spot), 笠 (hat), 翳り (gloom, shadow or cloud), 深浅 (depth), 日蔭 , 濃淡 (light and shade), 影 (other side, shadow), 冥闇 (gloom), 冥暗 (gloom), シアン化物 (Caesar, cyanide, schema, scheme, shading, shake, shake hands, shaker, shale oil, shape-up, share, shared, shareware, sharing, shaver, shaving, shaving cream, shaving foam, shaving lotion, sheik dollar). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しゃこう (darken, inclined shaft, pretence, slanting rays of light, social intercourse, social life, speculation), しんせん (depth, dyeing, food and alcohol offering to the gods, fresh, mountain wizard), ひかげ (shadow, sunshine), のうたん (light and shade), かたかげ (shady spot), かさ (bulk, halo, hat, parasol, quantity, ring, umbrella, volume), かげり (gloom, shadow or cloud), かげ (backing, other side, shadow, your assistance), めいあん (gloom, good idea, light and darkness, light and shade), シェード , シェイド . (various references) | |
Korean | 그늘 (shades). (various references) | |
Manx | scaalinney (hachure), scaaghey (darken, overshadow, shadow), scaa (a very thin person, adumbration, apparition, blight; thirds, cover, fence, fencing, fire guard, ghost, guise, hood, pretence, screen, shadiness, shadow, timidity), doorey (eclipse, obscuration, obscurity, shadiness), cur scaa er (fencing, guard), cur scaa da. (various references) | |
Norwegian | lampeskjerm (lamp shade). (various references) | |
Papiamen | sombra (shadow). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | adeshay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | sombra (cloud, dusk, ghost, shadow, umbra, umbrage), tonalidade (hue, timbre, tonality, tone, turn-up), matiz (cast, hue, iris, nuance, tinge, tint, turn-up). (various references) | |
Romanian | spirit (apparition, crack, essence, genius, ghost, intellect, mind, quirk, score, shadow, soul, spectre, spirit, spirituousness, sprite, vision, wit), semiîntuneric (half-dark, semi-darkness), iluzie (delusion, fume, mare's nest, phantom, self-deceit, vapor, vapour), abajur (lamp-shade, screen), adumbri (adumbrate), colorit (cast, color, colour, colouring, hue), degradare a culorii, fantomã (apparition, Bogle, chimera, fetch, ghost, phantasm, phantom, shadow, spectre, spook, wraith, zombie), feri (cover, dodge, fend, indemnify, keep, preserve, recoil, screen), întrista (afflict, chagrin, deject, dishearten, grieve, mope, pain, sadden), idee (conceit, hint, idea, image, imagination, mind, notion, plan, project, scheme, stroke, thought, view), umbri (adumbrate, blur, cloud, darken, dim, eclipse, obfuscate, screen, worsen), nuanţã (cast, color, colour, hue, key, nuance, savor, savour, shadow, tincture, tinge, tint, tone, touch), rãcoare (chill, cold, cool, coolness, freshness, jug, limbo, quod, shiver, shudder), tentã (hue, tinge, tint), umbrã (cloud, dark, ghost, gloom, shading, shadow), haşura (bar, cross-hatch, hachure, line). (various references) | |
Russian | тень (dark, ghost, loom, shadow, umbra, umbrae, umbrage), штора (blind, blinds, window shade), оттенок (color, colour, contrast, nuance, savor, savour, shade of, tincture, tinge, tint, tone, touch, undertone), омрачать (cloud, darken, overcloud), защищать от света, защитное стекло, затенять оттенок;тень;экран, затенять (overshadow, shadow), затененное место, привидение (apparition, bogey, bogeyman, boggard, boggart, eidolon, fetch, ghost, spectre, spirit, spook, wraith). (various references) | |
Scottish | sgàil (a shade, conceal, overshadow, shadow, veil), dubhar (darkness). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | senka (shadow, silhouette, tint, umbra, umbrage), zatamniti (make dark), zastor (curtain, pelmet, valance), zaseniti (blind, dazzle, overshadow, upstage), zasenak, roletna (blind, sun blind, sunblind), preći (change over, cote, cover, cover ground, cross, go over, march, overpass, pass over, pass through, shift, transit, traverse), osenčiti (darken), nijansirati (tinge, tint), nijansa (contrast, hue, nuance, tint, tone), hlad. (various references) | |
Spanish | sombra (darkness, shadiness, shading, shadow, show, suggestion, tail), sombrear (hatch, overshadow, shadow), pantalla (lampshade, screen), matizar (tinge, tint), matiz (hue, nuance, overtone, tail, tinge, tint, tone). (various references) | |
Sranan | sombra (shadow). (various references) | |
Swedish | skugga (cloud, ghost, hatch, Pall, phantom, shadow, tail, trail), skärm (peak, screen, shield), nyans (hue, nuance, tint, tone), kupa (cup), avblända. (various references) | |
Thai | ทำให้เกิดร่มเงา, ร่ม, ค่อยๆ มืดมัว. (various references) | |
Turkish | siluet (phantasm, phantom, shadow, silhouette), stor (blind, persian blinds, persiennes), ince fark (nuance), örtmek (blanket, canopy, cap, carpet, case, cloak, close, clothe, cloud, coat, conceal, condone, cope, cover, cover up, encase, enshroud, envelop, hood, incase, lap, robe, screen, sheet, shield, shroud, shut, submerge, wrap), şapka siperi (brim, peak, visor, vizor), az miktar (dribblet, driblet, drop, few, fewness, inch, little, Mickle, modicum, smallness, suggestion, suspicion, tinge, trifle, twopence), dönüşmek (be transformed into, change, convert, expand, grow, pass, resolve, return to, shade into, shade off, shade off into, transform, turn, turn into, turn to), değişmek (alter, alternate, amend, change, chop about, chop round, convert, modify, mutate, shift, switch, turn to, vary), gölge (cloud, dark, shadow, silhoutte, simulacrum), gölge etmek (cast a shadow, overshade, overshadow), gölgelemek (canopy, cast a cloud on smth., cast a suspicion on, cloud, embower, overshadow, put into the shades, shadow), gölgelik (canopy, dais, penthouse, shady spot, tester, umbrageous, window shade), ışıktan korumak, hayalet (apparition, ghost, phantasm, phantom, shades, shadow, specter, spectre, spirit, spook, sprite, wraith), indirim yapmak (allow, discount, give a discount, knock off), kolay iş (child's play, easy job, mickey mouse, set up, simple job, sitter, snap, snip), koruma (aegis, asylum, auspices, bodyguard, conservancy, conservation, convoy, covering, custody, defending, defense, escort, Favor, favour, guard, guarding, indemnity, keeping, lifeguard, maintenance, patronage, preservation, protection, protective, retention, safeguard, safekeeping, shadow, shield, tutelage, umbrella), korumak (buffer, charm, cocoon, conserve, convoy, cover, defend, embosom, embower, encourage, escort, fence, guard, indemnify, keep, keep guard, maintain, patronize, preserve, protect, safeguard, save, screen, secure, shelter, shield, spare, sponsor, vindicate, ward), nüans (cast, chord, color, colour, nuance, shading), panjur (blinds, Jalousie, shutter, window shade), renk tonu, ruh (astral body, aura, esprit, essence, essential oil, genius, ghost, heartbeat, inner man, manes, pith, pith and marrow, psyche, smelling salts, soul, spirit), güneş gözlüğü (blinkers, pair of sunglasses, sunglasses). (various references) | |
Turkmen | kцlege. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | хмурніти, тінь (dark, ghost, shadow, umber, umbra, umbrage), штора (blind, sunblind), нюанс (nuance), напівтемрява (half-light, semidarkness, shadow), затьмарювати (alloy, begloom, blear, cloud, darken, eclipse, obfuscate, obscure, outdazzle, overcast, overcloud, overshade, overshadow, overtop, shadow, shine down), затіняти (obtenebrate, obumbrate, overshadow, shadow), екран (back-cloth, reredos, screen, shield). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | vong linh tán đèn, một ít vật vô hình vong hồn, chụp đèn (lamp-shade), chỗ bóng mát, bóng (lustrous, polished, shadow, shiny, silhouette). (various references) | |
Welsh | gw+er, cysgodi (shadow, shelter), cysgod (shadow, shelter, type), arlliw (tint, trace, varnish). (various references) | |
Yucatec | bo'oy (shadow). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | an-dul. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | umbra. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | scead, sceadu. (various references) |
| Spanish | 900-Modern | sombra. (various references) |
| Middle French | 1400-1600 | ombrage. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 5, Verse 15 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Wste kata taV plateiaV ekferein touV asqeneiV kai tiqenai epi klinwn kai krabbatwn ina ercomenou petrou kan h skia episkiash tini autwn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Ita ut in plateas eicerent infirmos et ponerent in lectulis et grabattis ut veniente Petro saltim umbra illius obumbraret quemquam eorum |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | So that thei brouyten out sike men in to stretis, and leiden in litle beddis and couchis, that whanne Petre cam, nameli the schadew of hym schulde schadewe ech of hem, and thei schulden be delyuerid fro her syknessis. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | In so moche that they brought the sicke into the strettes and layde them on beddes and palettes that at the lest waye the shadowe of Peter when he came by myght shadowe some of them. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Insomuch that they brought forth the sick into the streets, and laid them on beds and couches, that at the least the shadow of Peter passing by might overshadow some of them. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | So that they brought forth the sick into the streets, and laid them on beds and couches, that at the least the shadow of Peter passing by might overshadow some of them. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And they even took into the streets people who were ill, and put them on beds, so that when Peter went by, some of them might be in his shade. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Acts Chapter 5, Verse 15 |
| Albanian | aq sa i binin të sëmurët në sheshe, i vinin në shtretër e në shtroja, që kur kalonte Pjetri, të paktën hija e tij të mbulonte ndonjë nga ata. |
| Cebuano | nga tungod niana ila na gayud ganing gipangdala ang mga masakiton ngadto sa kadalanan, ug gibutang sa mga lantay ug mga higdaanan, basin na lang aduna kanilay mahilandungan sa anino ni Pedro inig-agi niya. |
| Croatian | tako da su na trgove iznosili bolesnike i postavljali ih na ležaljkama i posteljama ne bi li, kad Petar bude prolazio, bar sjena njegova osjenila kojega od njih. |
| Danish | så at de endogså bare de syge ud på Gaderne og lagde dem på Senge og Løjbænke, for at når Peter kom, endog blot hans Skygge kunde overskygge nogen af dem. |
| Dutch | Alzo dat zij de kranken uitdroegen op de straten, en legden op bedden en beddekens, opdat, als Petrus kwam, ook maar de schaduw iemand van hen beschaduwen mocht. |
